Method for improving welding quality of U rib

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the welding quality of a U-shaped rib, which comprises a welding backing and a displacement device, the welding backing is a temperature-resistant rope or temperature-resistant cloth or paper made of a flexible temperature-resistant flame-retardant material, the section shape of the welding backing is fit with the included angle between the U-shaped rib and a bottom plate, molten iron can be tightly blocked and cannot leak, and the temperature-resistant rope cloth has elasticity, so that the U-shaped rib is not prone to falling off. When the angle and the position of the U-shaped rib are changed, the pressing wheel can still pass through and cannot be clamped, and temperature-resistant rope cloth and paper can still abut against molten iron. When an appropriate temperature-resistant rope is difficult to buy, the appropriate temperature-resistant rope can be replaced by a ceramic fiber rope or ceramic fiber cloth or paper with a circular section. The double pinch rollers enable the temperature-resistant rope or the temperature-resistant cloth and paper to effectively support large molten iron in a molten pool, and can also support the molten iron when the electric arc position is inclined. The steel wire rope type displacement equipment can be used for ship-shaped welding and is low in price. The pressing stick similar to an iron stick in shape is used, the operation is simple and easy, and the pressing stick can be placed and taken out manually or by a robot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas shielded welding, and in particular relates to a method for improving the welding quality of U-rib or other rib-shaped weldments. Background Art

[0002] There are many ribs on ships and bridges, and U-rib is one of them. Common U-ribs are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, 1 is the bottom plate, the plate thickness is greater than 12mm, the width is 0.8-4.2 meters, the length is more than ten meters to more than twenty meters, the rib wall thickness is 4-10mm, the upper bottom width is 150-300mm, the height is 160-320mm, the lower bottom width is 280-420mm, and there are usually 6 ribs on a bottom plate.

[0003] The rib plate is required to be welded 80% in the thickness direction, but due to inaccurate groove processing, sometimes the gap is large and burn-through occurs, and sometimes the blunt edge is large and the 80% penetration depth is not reached, and the weld strength is insufficient. There are currently two methods, one is to weld the inner weld of the rib plate, and the other is to pad the inner weld of the rib plate. These two methods each have their own difficulties.

[0004] As for the method of welding the inner weld, welding and tracking are difficult due to the narrow inner cavity of the rib plate. Adding a gasket is a commonly used method of single-sided welding and double-sided forming, which can achieve full penetration and improve welding quality. There are also ceramic gaskets on the market, but the commercially available ceramic gaskets are all used for the welds of flat plate joints, which are long flat plates one section at a time, while the inner weld of the rib plate is formed by the inner wall of the rib plate and the bottom plate, and is a sharp angle of 75-78 degrees. Some people use hard gaskets, which are made of ceramics, and the gasket angle is consistent with the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate. The problem with the hard gasket is that when the actual angle of the rib plate is too large, the molten iron will leak from the gap, and when the actual angle of the rib plate is too small, the ceramic gasket is stuck and cannot pass. So a soft gasket was produced. The soft gasket is a fiber tube with submerged arc welding flux inside, and there are also problems such as local melting of the fiber tube.

[0005] There is a kind of ceramic fiber cloth on the market, which can withstand temperatures of more than 2000 degrees. The applicant uses ceramic fiber cloth as a welding pad for welding. After welding, the ceramic fiber cloth is burned black on the back of the weld, facing the gap of the weld groove, but it will not burn. Through experiments, it is known that ceramic fiber rope can be used as a flexible welding pad. Similar materials include ceramic fiber cloth and heat-resistant cloth or heat-resistant paper with viscose on one side.

[0006] The ribs can be welded by "flat fillet welding". Flat fillet welding has the problem of molten iron dripping, and it is not easy to ensure the welding quality during automatic welding. Therefore, there are many "positioners" on the market. The positioner can change the weldment from horizontal position to about 45 degrees to perform "ship-shaped welding". When welding in the ship-shaped form, the welding pool is in a horizontal position, and there is no problem of molten iron dripping, which makes it easy to ensure the quality. However, for large weldments with 6 ribs, the corresponding large-tonnage positioner is also very expensive.

[0007] In response to the problems of welding pads and positioners, we have disclosed improved technical solutions. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for improving the welding quality of U ribs, using a welding pad and a displacement device for welding, wherein the welding pad is a heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper made of flexible heat-resistant and flame-retardant material, and the cross-sectional shape of the rope or cloth or paper fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a trolley clamping mechanism is used to make the welding pad close to the back of the weld; the trolley clamping mechanism includes a pad pressing mechanism, a pre-pressing mechanism, a horizontal tracking mechanism, a vertical tracking mechanism, a pad pressing mechanism and a walking mechanism;

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure pad mechanism is arranged on the back of the welding gun, and the pre-pressing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the pressure pad mechanism; the pressure pad mechanism and the pre-pressing mechanism have the same structure, including two left and right first shells, a temperature-resistant rope, a pressure wheel, a pressure wheel frame, a pressure wheel shaft, a first push rod, a first compression spring, a first rotating shaft, a second shell, a second push rod, a second compression spring, a horizontal wheel, a top wheel, a top wheel frame, a third compression spring, a walking wheel, a walking wheel shaft, a walking motor, a frame and a pressure plate;

[0011] The first shell comprises a first push rod and a first compression spring; the first push rod is located in the first shell and slides in the first shell, and the lower end of the first push rod in the first shell is connected to the pressure wheel frame; the pressure wheel is mounted on the pressure wheel frame through a pressure wheel shaft, the pressure wheel shaft passes through the lower part of the pressure wheel frame, the pressure wheel rotates on the pressure wheel shaft, the end face of the pressure wheel is a concave crescent shape, the crescent diameter is the same as the heat-resistant rope, the concave end face of the pressure wheel presses the heat-resistant rope, and presses the heat-resistant rope to the back of the weld, and the heat-resistant rope becomes flat and clings to the back of the weld under pressure; the pressure wheel frame is provided with two pressure wheel shafts, and each pressure wheel frame has two pressure wheels; the upper end of the first push rod in the first shell is rotatably connected to the second push rod in the second shell through the first rotating shaft, and the pressure of the first compression spring is sent to the pressure wheel frame through the first push rod, and then to the pressure wheel through the pressure wheel shaft;

[0012] The second housing includes two second push rods and a second compression spring, and the lower end of the second housing is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame; the two second push rods are located in the second housing and can slide in the second housing, and the adjacent ends of the two second push rods are respectively in contact with the second compression springs;

[0013] One end of the two second push rods close to the inner wall of the rib plate extends out of the second housing and is respectively provided with a transverse wheel. Under the pressure of the second push rod and the second compression spring, the transverse wheel abuts against the inner wall of the rib plate to form a horizontal tracking mechanism.

[0014] Under the joint action of the first push rod and the first compression spring and the second push rod and the second compression spring, the two pressure wheels align the temperature-resistant rope with the back of the weld being welded, forming a pressure pad tracking mechanism;

[0015] The top wheel is installed on the top of the frame through the third compression spring. Under the pressure of the third compression spring, the top wheel is closely attached to the top inner wall of the rib plate to form a vertical tracking mechanism.

[0016] A travel wheel axle is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the travel wheel is connected to the frame through the travel wheel axle, and the travel wheel rolls on the bottom plate; the frame is driven by a travel motor, and 12 travel motors are respectively arranged at both ends of the pressure plate, and a steel wire rope or chain is used to control the trolley to move forward or backward on the bottom plate to form a travel mechanism; a heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper is placed at the sharp corner of the rib plate and the bottom plate;

[0017] Each U-rib positioning mechanism includes a positioning arm and a positioning body. The positioning bodies are arranged at both ends of the pressure plate respectively. The positioning arm is installed on the positioning body. Before the U-rib is positioned, the positioning arm is located away from the U-rib. During positioning, the worker moves the positioning arm toward the U-rib. When the pressure plate and the bottom are in an inclined position, the U-rib slides toward the positioning arm due to gravity and is blocked by the positioning arm to complete the positioning. After the welder spot-welds the U-rib, the welder moves the positioning arm away from the U-rib, forming a complete positioning operation process.

[0018] Furthermore, the displacement equipment includes a base plate, a pressure plate, wire ropes or chains and a frame; the base plate is placed on the pressure plate, and components such as a flame heater nozzle can be placed in the pressure plate, and the pressure plate and the base plate are bolted together to form a whole; the pressure plate is placed on the lower beam of the frame, and the lower beam is placed on the ground; two left winches are placed at A on the left side of the upper beam of the frame, and two right winches are placed at A on the right side of each upper beam, and two wire ropes or chains lowered from the left winch are connected to one side of the pressure plate, and two wire ropes or chains lowered from the right winch are connected to the other side of the pressure plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the length of the pressure plate is longer than that of the bottom plate, and is used to place 12 travel motors and 12 U-rib positioning bodies at both ends of the pressure plate; at the approximate position of each U rib, workers place two heat-resistant ropes or two pieces of heat-resistant cloth or paper, and place the U-rib positioning arm toward the position of the U rib. Furthermore, the frame is a cube composed of two lower beams, two left columns, two right columns, two upper beams and four cross beams, and there are rectangular holes in the center of the two upper beams, through which the rectangular columns can pass; the middle parts of both ends of the pressure plate are equipped with extension shafts, and the lower ends of the rectangular columns are equipped with bearings. The pressure plate and the bottom plate as a whole can rotate in the bearings through the extension shafts, and the lower ends of the bearings and the middle parts of the rectangular columns are fixedly connected to the reinforcing beams, and there are 4 lifting rings at the four corners of the pressure plate, namely the left lifting ring and the right lifting ring, which are used to connect with the wire rope or chain.

[0020] Furthermore, before welding begins, the pressure plate is placed on the lower beam, and the lower beam is placed on the ground. After welding begins, the two left winches and the two right winches are started at the same time to raise the pressure plate together with the bottom plate as a whole. When it rises to the center of the frame, about 1 / 2 of the wire rope or chain is on the drum of the winch, and about 1 / 2 of the wire rope or chain is hung on the pressure plate. At this time, the power of the left winch is turned off, and the right winch continues to be powered on and rotated. The right end of the pressure plate as a whole rises, and the left end falls. The falling left end pulls the left winch to reverse. The left winch releases the wire rope. When the right winch pulls the pressure plate to the boat-shaped welding position, most of the right wire flies or chains are on the right winch, and most of the left wire flies or chains are outside the left winch, which are used to hang the pressure plate. Each winch has 4 wheels at the bottom. The wheels run on the left winch guide rail or the right winch guide rail of the upper beam respectively, so that the winch can move left and right on the upper beam. In the process of tilting the pressure plate and the bottom plate as a whole, the left and right winches are slowly moved from A to B.

[0021] When the pressure plate is tilted to the right high and left low boat-shaped welding position, the welding of the outer weld on the right side of the rib plate is carried out. Due to gravity, the U ribs slide toward the positioning arm and are blocked by the positioning arm, realizing the positioning of the U rib. Then the left and right winches are started to flatten and lower the pressure plate and the bottom plate as a whole, so that the workers can spot weld the U rib on the bottom plate. Then the heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper is pulled to the sharp corner of the rib plate and the bottom plate and fixed with a pressure plate. The pressure plate can be fixed with screws or magnetic strips or heavy objects, or the heat-resistant cloth or heat-resistant paper with adhesive on one side can be pasted on the sharp corner of the rib plate and the bottom plate. Finally, the positioning arm is moved away from the U rib, and the weldment is raised to the left high and right low boat-shaped welding position to weld the outer weld on the left side of the rib plate.

[0022] After welding begins, the gantry starts to move. The range of movement of the gantry along the guide rail allows the welding gun to weld from one end of the bottom plate to the other end of the bottom plate. The six welding guns on the gantry descend and aim at the right outer weld of the rib plate for welding. The speed of the trolley inside the rib plate is the same as the speed of the gantry.

[0023] When the right side weld of the U rib is completed and the left side weld is ready, the left winch is powered on and the right winch is powered off. The left end of the pressure plate rises and the right end drops. When the pressure plate turns to a horizontal position, the two pairs of winches move from B to A. When the left end of the pressure plate is high and the right side is low and it turns to the boat-shaped welding position of the left side weld, the four winches move from A to B. At the same time, the six welding guns on the gantry descend and are aimed at the left outer weld of the rib for welding.

[0024] Furthermore, a screw motor is placed in the middle of each of the two upper beams. The screw motor has two screws. The left screw is connected to the left winch, and the right screw is connected to the right winch. The two screws rotate in opposite directions, one screw rotates forward and the other screw rotates reversely. When the winch needs to move from A to B or from B to A, the screw motor and the powered winch are energized at the same time, helping the left and right winches to be pulled from A to B or pushed from B to A at the same time.

[0025] Further, the flexible heat-resistant flame-retardant material is a ceramic fiber rope, cloth, paper, or a heat-resistant flame-retardant material with a sticky strip on the back of a similar material. When a ceramic fiber rope that fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate is not available, one or two round ceramic fibers available on the market can be used as a substitute. When two round ceramic fiber ropes are used, the thin one is close to the root of the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate, and the thick one presses the thin one.

[0026] When ceramic fiber cloth or paper is used, the end face shape of the head of the pressing wheel is in accordance with the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate. The first housing, the first push rod and the second housing, the second push rod can all be purchased from a commercially available "retractable cross-axis universal coupling". The telescopic rod of the coupling can be pulled out of the telescopic tube. The first compression spring and the second compression spring are respectively mounted on the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is then inserted into the telescopic tube.

[0027] The pressure wheel is composed of a bearing and a nesting. When a heat-resistant rope is used, the end face of the outer surface of the nesting is a concave crescent shape, and the crescent diameter is the same as that of the heat-resistant rope. When a heat-resistant cloth or paper is used, the end face angle of the outer surface of the nesting fits the angle between the inner arm of the U rib and the bottom plate, and the nesting and the outer ring of the bearing are press-fitted;

[0028] The horizontal wheel uses a bearing and is mounted on the top end of the second push rod.

[0029] Furthermore, when using heat-resistant cloth or paper as a welding pad, first use a mechanical device to pre-press a piece of heat-resistant cloth or paper of appropriate width to an angle that matches the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate, and then place it at the sharp corner between the inner arm of the U rib and the bottom plate, or paste the heat-resistant cloth or paper with adhesive strips that have been pre-pressed as above at the sharp corner between the inner arm of the U rib and the bottom plate.

[0030] Furthermore, when heat-resistant cloth or paper is used as a welding pad, two steel rods of the same length or slightly longer than the bottom plate are used, and the angle of the steel rods matches the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate. Such steel rods are used as two pressing rods to press the heat-resistant cloth or paper toward the sharp corners on both sides of the U rib inner arm and the bottom plate, and apply pressure directed toward the sharp corners on both sides of the U rib inner arm and the bottom plate to the two pressing rods. The pressing method of the pressing rods can be a two-point pressing method or a multi-point pressing method. The two-point pressurization method is to apply pressure to the sharp corners on both sides of the U-rib inner arm and the bottom plate at both ends of the pressing rod (24), and the multi-point pressurization method is to apply pressure to the sharp corners on both sides of the U-rib inner arm and the bottom plate at multiple locations along the entire length of the pressing rod. The heat-resistant cloth or paper can also be divided into two pieces, one piece is placed under the pressing rod, close to the bottom plate, and the other piece is placed on the side of the pressing rod, close to the rib plate. The heat-resistant cloth or paper close to the rib plate can also be replaced with a ceramic liner with an arc R. The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The cushioning material of the present invention is a heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper made of flexible heat-resistant and flame-retardant material. The cross-sectional shape of the rope or cloth fits the angle between the U-rib and the bottom plate, which can not only tightly block the molten iron from leaking, but also because the heat-resistant rope and cloth are elastic, the angle and position of the U-rib change slightly, and the pressure wheel can still pass through without being stuck, and the heat-resistant rope, cloth or paper can still support the molten iron.

[0032] (2) When it is difficult to buy a heat-resistant rope with a cross-sectional shape that matches the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate, a ceramic fiber rope or ceramic fiber cloth with a circular cross-section can be used instead. When ceramic fiber cloth is used, the head of the pressure wheel matches the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate. However, due to the elasticity of the heat-resistant cloth and paper, the angle and position of the U rib will change slightly, and the pressure wheel will not be stuck.

[0033] (3) One pressure wheel will support the heat-resistant rope with the area of ​​one wire to the molten iron. When the welding pool is large, the area of ​​one wire will cause the molten iron to leak. The heat-resistant rope between the two wires of the two pressure wheels forms an area to support the molten iron. When the molten pool is large or the welding gun is not positioned accurately, the molten iron can be completely blocked by the heat-resistant rope, cloth, and paper.

[0034] (4) The U-rib positioning mechanism eliminates the need for measuring dimensions and marking, saving auxiliary time.

[0035] (5) The wire rope type turning device of the present invention can perform ship-shaped welding and is much cheaper than a positioner of the same tonnage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1 This is the rib structure diagram.

[0038] Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the ceramic fiber rope cushion trolley.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side View

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Top view.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a partial top view of the pressure plate.

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side view.

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate pressure plate at the lower beam.

[0044] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Side view.

[0045] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Top view.

[0046] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate pressure plate in the middle of the frame.

[0047] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of boat-shaped welding with the bottom plate tilted 33 degrees with the left side lower and the right side higher.

[0048] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of boat-shaped welding with the bottom plate higher on the left and lower on the right and tilted 33 degrees.

[0049] Fig.13 This is the structural diagram of the ceramic fiber cloth and paper liner trolley.

[0050] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing method of the two ends of the ceramic fiber cloth and paper liner.

[0051] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the front view of the multi-point fixing method of ceramic fiber cloth and paper pad.

[0052] Fig.16 It is a schematic top view of the multi-point fixing method of ceramic fiber cloth and paper pad.

[0053] In the figure: 1 bottom plate, 2 rib plate, 3 outer weld, 4 inner weld, 5 trolley, 5-1 first shell, 5-2 heat-resistant rope, cloth, 5-3 pressure wheel, 5-3-1 pressure wheel frame, 5-3-2 pressure wheel shaft, 5-4 first push rod, 5-5 first compression spring, 5-6 first rotating shaft, 5-7 second shell, 5-8 second push rod, 5-9 second compression spring, 5-10 horizontal wheel, 5-11 top wheel frame, 5-12 top wheel, 5-13 third compression spring, 5-14 walking wheel, 5-15 walking wheel shaft and bearing, 5-16 walking motor, 5-17 frame, 5-18 pressure plate, 5-19 top rod, 5-20 pressure strip, 5-21 ceramic liner with arc R, 6 pressure plate, 6-1 rectangular column, 6-2 second rotating shaft, 6-3 bearing, 6-4 lifting ring 7 Flame heater gun nozzle, 9 bolts, 10U rib positioning mechanism 10-1 positioning arm, 10-2 positioning body, 11 gantry, 12 guide rail, 13 frame, 13-1 lower beam, 13-2 left column, 13-3 right column, 13-4 upper beam, 13-5 cross beam, 14 left winch, 15 right winch, 16 wire rope or chain, 17 screw motor, 18 left screw, 19 right screw, 20 weld, 21 left winch guide rail, 22 right winch guide rail, 23 two-end clamping method, 23-1 left screw, 23-2 left nut, 23-3 right screw, 23-4 right nut, 24 clamping rod, 25 multi-point clamping method, 25-1 cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, 25-2 left pressure rod, 25-3 right pressure rod, 25-4 air pressure main pipe or hydraulic main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through specific implementation methods.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A method for improving the welding quality of U ribs in this embodiment uses a welding pad and a displacement device for welding. The welding pad is a heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper made of flexible, heat-resistant and flame-retardant materials. The cross-sectional shape of the rope or cloth or paper fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate.

[0057] A trolley clamping mechanism is used to make the welding backing close to the back of the weld; the temperature-resistant rope is installed on the trolley clamping mechanism, and the trolley clamping mechanism includes a pad pressing mechanism, a pre-pressing mechanism, a horizontal tracking mechanism, a vertical tracking mechanism and a walking mechanism.

[0058] The rope pressing mechanism or the cloth and paper pressing mechanism is exactly the same as the pre-pressing mechanism, and includes a first shell 5-1, a temperature-resistant rope 5-2, a pressing wheel 5-3, a pressing wheel frame 5-3-1, a pressing wheel shaft 5-3-2, a first push rod 5-4, a first compression spring 5-5, a first rotating shaft 5-6, a second shell 5-7, a second push rod 5-8, a second compression spring 5-9, a horizontal wheel 5-10, a top wheel 5-11, a top wheel frame 5-12, a third compression spring 5-13, a walking wheel 5-14, a walking wheel shaft 5-15, a walking motor 5-16, a frame 5-17, a pressing plate 5-18, a top rod (5-19), a pressure strip (5-20), and a ceramic liner with an arc R (5-21).

[0059] The frame 5-17 is driven by a travel motor 5-16, and a rope pressing mechanism or a cloth pressing mechanism or a paper pressing mechanism is arranged on the back side of the welding gun, and a pre-pressing mechanism is arranged in front of the rope pressing mechanism or the cloth pressing mechanism or the paper pressing mechanism.

[0060] The first housing 5-1 includes a first push rod 5-4 and a first compression spring 5-5; one end of the first push rod 5-4 is located in the first housing 5-1 and moves in the first housing 5-1, and the lower end of the first push rod 5-4 in the first housing 5-1 is connected to the pressure wheel frame 5-3-1; the pressure wheel 5-3 is mounted on the pressure wheel frame 5-3-1 through the pressure wheel shaft 5-3-2, the pressure wheel shaft 5-3-2 passes through the lower part of the pressure wheel frame 5-3-1, and the pressure wheel 5-3 rotates on the pressure wheel shaft 5-3-2. The end face of the pressure wheel 5-3 is a concave crescent shape, and the diameter of the crescent is the same as that of the temperature-resistant rope. The concave end surface of the wheel 5-3 presses against the heat-resistant rope, pressing the heat-resistant rope against the back of the weld. Under the pressure, the heat-resistant rope becomes flat and clings to the back of the weld. The pressure wheel frame 5-3-1 is provided with two pressure wheel shafts 5-3-2, and each pressure wheel frame has two pressure wheels 5-3. The upper end of the first push rod 5-4 in the first shell 5-1 is rotatably connected with the second push rod 5-8 in the second shell 5-7 through the first rotating shaft 5-6. The pressure of the first compression spring 5-5 is sent to the pressure wheel frame 5-3-1 through the first push rod 5-4, and then to the pressure wheel 5-3 through the pressure wheel shaft 5-3-2.

[0061] The second shell 5-7 includes two second push rods 5-8 and a second compression spring 5-9, and the lower end of the second shell 5-7 is fixedly connected to the frame 5-17; the two second push rods 5-8 are located in the second shell 5-7 and can slide in the second shell, and the proximal ends of the two second push rods 5-8 are respectively abutted against the second compression springs 5-9.

[0062] One end of the two second push rods 5-8 close to the inner wall of the rib plate extends out of the second shell 5-7 and is respectively installed with a horizontal wheel 5-10. Under the pressure of the second push rods 5-8 and the second compression spring 5-9, the horizontal wheel 5-10 abuts against the inner wall of the rib plate to form a horizontal tracking mechanism.

[0063] Under the joint action of the first push rod 5-4, the first compression spring 5-5 and the second push rod 5-8 and the second compression spring 5-9, the two pressure wheels 5-3 align the temperature-resistant rope 5-2 with the back of the weld being welded, forming a pressure pad tracking mechanism.

[0064] The top wheel 5-12 is installed on the top of the frame 5-17 through the third compression spring 5-13. Under the pressure of the third compression spring 5-13, the top wheel 5-12 is closely attached to the top inner wall of the rib plate 2 to form a vertical tracking mechanism;

[0065] A travel wheel shaft 5-15 is provided at the bottom of the frame 5-17, and the travel wheel 5-14 is connected to the frame 5-17 through the travel wheel shaft 5-15, and the travel wheel rolls on the bottom plate; the frame 5-17 is driven by a travel motor 5-16, and 12 travel motors 5-16 are respectively arranged at both ends of the pressure plate 6, and a steel wire rope or chain 16 is used to control the trolley to move forward or backward on the bottom plate, forming a travel mechanism;

[0066] Place heat-resistant ropes or heat-resistant cloth or paper at the sharp corners between the ribs and the bottom plate;

[0067] The pre-pressing mechanism is located in front of the rope pressing mechanism or the cloth pressing mechanism along the traveling direction of the trolley. The rope pressing mechanism or the cloth pressing mechanism is located on the back of the welding gun. The pressing wheel of the pre-pressing mechanism only serves to make the heat-resistant rope close to the root of the welding rib in advance.

[0068] Each U-rib positioning mechanism 10 includes a positioning arm 10-1 and a positioning body 10-2. The positioning body 10-2 is arranged at both ends of the pressure plate 6. The positioning arm 10-1 is installed on the positioning body 10-2. Before the U-rib is positioned, the positioning arm 10-1 is located away from the U-rib. During positioning, the worker moves the positioning arm to the U-rib. When the pressure plate and the bottom are in an inclined position, the U-rib slides toward the positioning arm due to gravity and is blocked by the positioning arm to complete the positioning. After the welder spot welds the U-rib, the welder moves the positioning arm away from the U-rib, forming a complete positioning operation process.

[0069] Travel motors 5-16 are arranged at both ends of the pressure plate 6, and a steel wire rope or chain 16 is used to control the forward or backward movement of the trolley.

[0070] The displacement device includes a bottom plate 1, a pressure plate 6, a steel wire rope or chain 16 and a frame 13. The bottom plate 1 is placed on the pressure plate 6, and the flame heater gun nozzle 7 and other components can be placed in the pressure plate. The pressure plate 6 is connected to the bottom plate 1 by bolts 9; the pressure plate is placed on the lower beam 13-1 of the frame 13, and the lower beam 13-1 is placed on the ground; two left winches 14 are placed at the left side A of the upper beam 13-4 of the frame 13, and two right winches 15 are placed at the right side A of each upper beam. Two steel wire ropes or chains 16 lowered from the left winch are connected to one side of the pressure plate 6, and two steel wire ropes or chains 16 lowered from the right winch are connected to the other side of the pressure plate 6.

[0071] Before welding, the bottom plate 1 is placed on the pressure plate 6, the pressure plate is placed on the lower beam 13-1, and the lower beam is placed on the ground. The pressure plate is longer than the bottom plate so that 12 travel motors 5-16 and 12 U-rib positioning bodies can be placed at both ends of the pressure plate. The pressure plate and the bottom plate are connected together with bolts 9 to form a whole. The workers place two heat-resistant ropes or two heat-resistant cloths at the approximate position of each U rib and move the U-rib positioning arm to the position of the U rib.

[0072] The lower beam 13-1 on which the pressure plate 6 is placed is a part of the frame 13. The entire frame is a cube composed of two lower beams 13-1, two left columns 13-2, two right columns 13-3, two upper beams 13-4, and four cross beams 13-5. There are rectangular holes in the center of the two upper beams, through which the rectangular columns 6-1 can pass. The middle parts of both ends of the pressure plate are equipped with extended shafts 6-2, and the lower ends of the rectangular columns 6-1 are equipped with bearings 6-3. The pressure plate and the bottom plate as a whole can rotate in the bearings 6-3 through the extended shafts 6-2. The lower ends of the bearings and the middle parts of the rectangular columns are fixedly connected to the reinforcing beams 6-5. There are four lifting rings 6-4 at the four corners of the pressure plate, which are left lifting rings and right lifting rings respectively.

[0073] Two left winches 14 are placed at A on the left side of each upper beam 13-4, and two right winches 15 are placed at A on the right side of each upper beam. Two steel wire ropes or chains 16 lowered from the left winch are hooked on the two left lifting rings respectively, and two steel wire ropes or chains 16 lowered from the right winch are hooked on the two right lifting rings respectively.

[0074] Before welding begins, the pressure plate is placed on the lower beam, and the lower beam is placed on the ground. After welding begins, the two left winches and the two right winches are started at the same time to raise the pressure plate together with the bottom plate as a whole. When it rises to the center position of the frame 13, about 1 / 2 of the wire rope or chain 16 is on the drum of the winch, and about 1 / 2 of the wire rope or chain 16 is hung on the pressure plate. At this time, the power of the left winch is turned off, and the right winch continues to be powered on and rotated. The right end of the pressure plate as a whole rises, and the left end falls. The falling left end pulls the left winch to reverse. The left winch releases the wire rope. When the right winch pulls the pressure plate to the boat-shaped welding position, most of the right wire flies or chains are on the right winch, and most of the left wire flies or chains are outside the left winch, which are used to hang the pressure plate. Each winch has 4 wheels at the bottom, and the wheels run on the left winch guide rail 21 or the right winch guide rail 22 respectively, so that the winch can move left and right on the upper beam. In the process of tilting the pressure plate and the bottom plate, the left and right winches both slowly move from position A to position B.

[0075] When the pressure plate 6 is tilted to the right high and left low boat-shaped welding position, the welding of the outer weld on the right side of the rib plate is carried out. Due to gravity, the U ribs all slide toward the positioning arm and are blocked by the positioning arm, realizing the positioning of the U rib. Then the left and right winches are started to flatten and lower the pressure plate 6 together with the bottom plate 1 as a whole, so that the workers can spot weld the U rib on the bottom plate 1, and then pull the heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper to the sharp corner of the rib plate and the bottom plate, and fix it with a pressing plate 5-18. The pressing plate can use screws or magnetic strips or heavy objects to position the heat-resistant rope and the bottom plate 1 together, or paste the heat-resistant cloth or heat-resistant paper with adhesive on one side at the sharp corner of the rib plate 2 and the bottom plate 1. Finally, the positioning arm is moved away from the U rib, and the weldment is raised to the left high and right low boat-shaped welding position to weld the outer weld on the left side of the rib plate;

[0076] After welding starts, the gantry 11 starts to move. The range of movement of the gantry 11 along the guide rail 12 allows the welding gun to weld from one end of the bottom plate 1 to the other end of the bottom plate. The six welding guns 25 on the gantry 11 are lowered and aimed at the right outer weld of the rib plate for welding. The speed of the trolley inside the rib plate 2 is the same as the speed of the gantry.

[0077] When the right weld of the U rib is finished and the left weld is to be welded, the left winch 14 is powered on and rotated, and the right winch 15 is powered off. The left end of the pressure plate 6 rises and the right end falls. When the pressure plate 6 is turned to a horizontal position, the two pairs of winches move from B to A again. When the left end of the pressure plate 6 is high and the right side is low, and the ship-shaped welding position of the left weld is turned to, the four winches move from A to B again. At the same time, the six welding guns 25 on the gantry 11 fall and weld the left outer weld of the rib plate.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] The same as Example 1, except that, when the winch cannot move from A to B or from B to A by itself, and the wire rope or chain 16 is not in a vertical state, a screw motor 17 can be placed in the middle of each of the two upper beams 13-4. The screw motor has two screws, the left screw 18 is connected to the left winch and the right screw 19 is connected to the right winch. The two screws rotate in opposite directions, one screw rotates forward and the other screw rotates reversely. When the winch needs to move from A to B or from B to A, the screw motor and the powered winch are energized at the same time, helping the left and right winches to be pulled from A to B or pushed from B to A at the same time.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] The same as the first embodiment, except that, in order to reduce the amount of self-processing, reduce costs and speed up the progress, some commercially available parts can be used to replace the processed parts. For example, the first housing 5-1, the first push rod 5-4, the second housing 5-7, and the second push rod 5-8 can all use the commercially available "retractable cross-axis universal coupling", the telescopic rod can be drawn out from the telescopic tube, the first compression spring 5-5 and the second compression spring 5-9 are respectively installed on the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is then inserted into the telescopic tube.

[0082] The pressure wheel 5-3 is composed of a bearing and a nesting, the end face of the outer surface of the nesting is a concave crescent shape, the crescent diameter is the same as the temperature-resistant rope, and the nesting is press-fitted with the outer ring of the bearing;

[0083] The horizontal wheel 5-10 can be equipped with commercially available bearings, which are mounted on the top end of the second push rod.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] Same as Example 1, except that, when a flexible heat-resistant and flame-retardant heat-resistant rope that fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate cannot be purchased, one or two commercially available ceramic fiber ropes can be used instead. In order to block more tightly, when two ceramic fiber ropes are used, the thin one is close to the root of the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate, and the thick one presses the thin one;

[0086] Example 5

[0087] Same as Example 1, except that ceramic fiber cloth can be used instead of ceramic fiber rope. When ceramic fiber cloth is used, the head end face shape of the pressing wheel 5-3 fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate;

[0088] Example 6

[0089] The same as Example 1, except that when heat-resistant cloth or paper is used as a welding pad, a piece of heat-resistant cloth or paper of suitable width is first pre-pressed by a mechanical device to an angle that matches the angle between the U-rib and the bottom plate, and then placed at the sharp corner between the inner arm of the U-rib and the bottom plate, or the heat-resistant cloth or paper with an adhesive strip that has been pre-pressed as above is pasted at the sharp corner between the inner arm of the U-rib and the bottom plate.

[0090] Example 7

[0091] When heat-resistant cloth or paper is used as a welding pad, two steel rods with the same length or slightly longer than the base plate are used, and the angle of the steel rod is matched with the angle between the U-rib and the base plate. Such steel rods are used as two pressing rods to press the heat-resistant cloth and paper to the sharp corners on both sides of the U-rib inner arm and the base plate, and apply pressure to the two pressing rods directed to the sharp corners on both sides of the U-rib inner arm and the base plate. For ordinary technicians engaged in mechanical design, there can be a variety of methods for applying pressure to the pressing rods. This article only proposes a two-point pressurization method and a multi-point pressurization method for reference. The two-point pressurization method is to apply pressure to the sharp corners on both sides of the U-rib inner arm and the base plate at both ends of the pressing rod 24. The multi-point pressurization method is to apply pressure to the sharp corners on both sides of the U-rib inner arm and the base plate at multiple locations along the entire length of the pressing rod. The pressurization method or method is not limited in this article.

[0092] Example 8

[0093] Same as Example 7, except that Fig.15 As shown, two pieces of heat-resistant cloth and paper 5-2 are used as welding pads. One piece of heat-resistant cloth is placed under the pressing rod 24, close to the bottom plate, and the other piece is placed on the side of the pressing rod 24, close to the rib plate.

[0094] Example 9

[0095] Same as Example 8, except that Fig.15 As shown, the ceramic fiber cloth and paper close to the flank plate can be replaced by a ceramic liner 5-21 with an arc R. The size of R is related to the thickness of the workpiece and the welding process parameters.

[0096] If copper pads are used, there is no need to add additional heat-resistant ropes or heat-resistant cloth or paper pads made of flexible heat-resistant and flame-retardant materials.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the welding quality of U ribs, using a welding backing and a displacement device for welding, characterized in that: The welding pad is a heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper made of flexible heat-resistant and flame-retardant material, and the cross-sectional shape of the rope or cloth or paper fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate.

2. A method for improving U-rib welding quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: A trolley pressing mechanism is used to make the welding pad close to the back of the weld; the trolley pressing mechanism includes a pad pressing mechanism, a pre-pressing mechanism, a horizontal tracking mechanism, a vertical tracking mechanism, a pad pressing tracking mechanism and a walking mechanism; The pressure pad mechanism is arranged on the back of the welding gun, and the pre-pressing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the pressure pad mechanism; the pressure pad mechanism and the pre-pressing mechanism have the same structure, including two left and right first shells (5-1), a temperature-resistant rope (5-2), a pressure wheel (5-3), a pressure wheel frame (5-3-1), a pressure wheel shaft (5-3-2), a first push rod (5-4), a first compression spring (5-5), a first rotating shaft (5-6), a second shell (5-7), a second push rod (5-8), a second compression spring (5-9), a horizontal wheel (5-10), a top wheel (5-11), a top wheel frame (5-12), a third compression spring (5-13), a walking wheel (5-14), a walking wheel shaft (5-15), a walking motor (5-16), a frame (5-17) and a pressure plate (5-18), a top rod (5-19), a pressure strip (5-20), and a ceramic liner (5-21) with an arc R; The first shell (5-1) includes a first push rod (5-4) and a first compression spring (5-5); the first push rod (5-4) is located in the first shell (5-1) and slides in the first shell (5-1), and the lower end of the first push rod (5-4) in the first shell (5-1) is connected to the pressure wheel frame (5-3-1); the pressure wheel (5-3) is mounted on the pressure wheel frame (5-3-1) through a pressure wheel shaft (5-3-2), the pressure wheel shaft (5-3-2) passes through the lower part of the pressure wheel frame (5-3-1), the pressure wheel (5-3) rotates on the pressure wheel shaft (5-3-2), and the end face of the pressure wheel (5-3) is a concave crescent shape, and the diameter of the crescent is the same as the heat-resistant rope. The diameters of the two pressure wheels (5-3) are the same, and the concave end surface of the pressure wheel (5-3) presses the heat-resistant rope to the back of the weld. The heat-resistant rope becomes flat under pressure and is closely attached to the back of the weld. The pressure wheel frame (5-3-1) is provided with two pressure wheel shafts (5-3-2), and each pressure wheel frame has two pressure wheels (5-3). The upper end of the first push rod (5-4) in the first housing (5-1) is rotatably connected to the second push rod (5-8) in the second housing (5-7) through the first rotating shaft (5-6). The pressure of the first compression spring (5-5) is sent to the pressure wheel frame (5-3-1) through the first push rod (5-4), and then to the pressure wheel (5-3) through the pressure wheel shaft (5-3-2). The second housing (5-7) includes two second push rods (5-8) and a second compression spring (5-9), and the lower end of the second housing (5-7) is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame (5-17); the two second push rods (5-8) are located in the second housing (5-7) and can slide in the second housing, and the adjacent ends of the two second push rods (5-8) are respectively in contact with the second compression spring (5-9); One end of two second push rods (5-8) close to the inner wall of the rib plate extends out of the second housing (5-7) and is respectively provided with a transverse wheel (5-10). Under the pressure of the second push rods (5-8) and the second compression spring (5-9), the transverse wheel (5-10) abuts against the inner wall of the rib plate to form a horizontal tracking mechanism. Under the joint action of the first push rod (5-4) and the first compression spring (5-5) and the second push rod (5-8) and the second compression spring (5-9), the two pressure wheels (5-3) align the temperature-resistant rope (5-2) with the back of the weld being welded, forming a pressure pad tracking mechanism; The top wheel (5-12) is installed on the top of the frame (5-17) through the third compression spring (5-13). Under the pressure of the third compression spring (5-13), the top wheel (5-12) is closely attached to the top inner wall of the rib plate (2) to form a vertical tracking mechanism; A walking wheel axle (5-15) is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame (5-17), and the walking wheel (5-14) is connected to the vehicle frame (5-17) through the walking wheel axle (5-15), and the walking wheel rolls on the bottom plate; the vehicle frame (5-17) is driven by a walking motor (5-16), and 12 walking motors (5-16) are respectively arranged at both ends of the pressure plate (6), and a steel wire rope or a chain (16) is used to control the trolley to move forward or backward on the bottom plate, forming a walking mechanism; Place heat-resistant ropes or heat-resistant cloth or paper at the sharp corners between the ribs and the bottom plate; Each U-rib positioning mechanism (10) comprises a positioning arm (10-1) and a positioning body (10-2). The positioning body (10-2) is respectively arranged at two ends of the pressure plate (6). The positioning arm (10-1) is mounted on the positioning body (10-2). Before the U-rib is positioned, the positioning arm (10-1) is located away from the U-rib. During positioning, the worker moves the positioning arm toward the U-rib. When the pressure plate and the bottom are in an inclined position, the U-rib slides toward the positioning arm due to gravity and is blocked by the positioning arm, thereby completing the positioning. After the welder spot-welds the U-rib, the welder moves the positioning arm away from the U-rib, thereby forming a complete positioning operation process.

3. The method for improving the welding quality of U ribs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement device comprises a bottom plate (1), a pressure plate (6), a steel wire rope or chain (16) and a frame (13); the bottom plate (1) is placed on the pressure plate (6), and components such as a flame heater gun nozzle (7) can be placed in the pressure plate, and the pressure plate (6) and the bottom plate (1) are connected together with bolts (9) to form a whole; the pressure plate is placed on the lower beam (13-1) of the frame (13), and the lower beam (13-1) is placed on the ground; two left winches (14) are placed at A on the left side of the upper beam (13-4) of the frame (13), and two right winches (15) are placed at A on the right side of each upper beam, and two steel wire ropes or chains (16) lowered from the left winch are connected to one side of the pressure plate (6), and two steel wire ropes or chains (16) lowered from the right winch are connected to the other side of the pressure plate (6).

4. A method for improving U-rib welding quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure plate (6) is longer than the bottom plate (1) and is used to place 12 travel motors (5-16) and 12 U-rib positioning bodies (10-2) at both ends of the pressure plate; at the approximate position of each U-rib, workers place two heat-resistant ropes or two pieces of heat-resistant cloth or paper and move the U-rib positioning arm (10-1) to the position of the U-rib.

5. The method for improving the welding quality of U ribs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame (13) is a cube composed of two lower beams (13-1), two left columns (13-2), two right columns (13-3), two upper beams (13-4) and four cross beams (13-5). The central parts of the two upper beams are provided with rectangular holes through which the rectangular columns (6-1) can pass. The middle parts of the two ends of the pressure plate are provided with extension shafts (6-2). The lower ends of the rectangular columns (6-1) are provided with bearings (6-3). The pressure plate and the bottom plate as a whole can rotate in the bearings (6-3) through the extension shafts (6-2). The lower ends of the bearings and the middle parts of the rectangular columns are fixedly connected to the reinforcing beams (6-5). There are four lifting rings (6-4) at the four corners of the pressure plate, which are left lifting rings and right lifting rings respectively, and are used to connect with the wire rope or chain (16).

6. The method for improving the welding quality of U ribs according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before welding begins, the pressure plate (6) is placed on the lower beam (13-1), and the lower beam (13-1) is placed on the ground. After welding begins, two left winches (14) and two right winches (15) are started at the same time to make the pressure plate (6) and the bottom plate (1) rise as a whole. When it rises to the center position of the frame (13), about 1 / 2 of the wire rope or chain (16) is on the drum of the winch, and about 1 / 2 of the wire rope or chain (16) is hung on the pressure plate (6). At this time, the power supply of the left winch is turned off, and the right winch continues to be powered on and rotated. The right end of the pressure plate (6) rises as a whole, and the left end falls. The falling left end pulls the left winch (14) to reverse, and the left winch (15) 14) releasing the steel wire rope, when the right winch (15) pulls the pressure plate (6) to the boat-shaped welding position, most of the right wire fly or chain (16) is on the right winch (15), and most of the left wire fly or chain (16) is outside the left winch (14), which is used to suspend the pressure plate (6). Each winch has four wheels at the bottom, and the wheels respectively run on the left winch guide rail (21) or the right winch guide rail (22) of the upper beam (13-4), so that the winch can move left and right on the upper beam (13-4). In the process of tilting the pressure plate (6) and the bottom plate (1) as a whole, the left and right winches are both slowly moved from position A to position B; When the pressure plate (6) is tilted to the right-high and left-low boat-shaped welding position, the welding of the outer weld seam on the right side of the rib plate is carried out. Due to gravity, the U ribs all slide toward the positioning arms and are blocked by the positioning arms, thereby achieving the positioning of the U ribs. Then, the left and right winches are started to flatten and lower the pressure plate (6) together with the bottom plate (1) as a whole, so that the workers can spot weld the U ribs on the bottom plate (1). Then, the heat-resistant rope or heat-resistant cloth or paper is pulled to the sharp corner of the rib plate and the bottom plate and fixed with a pressing plate (5-18). The pressing plate can be used with screws or magnetic strips or heavy objects to position the heat-resistant rope and the bottom plate (1) together, or heat-resistant cloth or heat-resistant paper with adhesive on one side is pasted on the sharp corner of the rib plate (2) and the bottom plate (1). Finally, the positioning arm is moved away from the U rib, and the weldment is raised to the left-high and right-low boat-shaped welding position to weld the outer weld seam on the left side of the rib plate. After welding begins, the gantry (11) starts to move. The range of movement of the gantry (11) along the guide rail (12) allows the welding gun to weld from one end of the bottom plate (1) to the other end of the bottom plate. The six welding guns (25) on the gantry (11) are lowered and aligned with the right outer weld of the rib plate for welding. The speed of the trolley inside the rib plate (2) is the same as the speed of the gantry. When the right weld of the U rib is finished and the left weld is to be welded, the left winch (14) is powered on and rotated, while the right winch (15) is powered off. The left end of the pressure plate (6) rises and the right end falls. When the pressure plate (6) is turned to a horizontal position, the two pairs of winches are moved from position B to position A. When the left end of the pressure plate (6) is high and the right end is low, and the pressure plate (6) is turned to a ship-shaped welding position of the left weld, the four winches are moved from position A to position B. At the same time, the six welding guns (25) on the gantry (11) are lowered and aimed at the left outer weld of the rib plate for welding.

7. A method for improving U-rib welding quality according to claim 6, characterized in that: A screw motor (17) is placed in the middle of each of the two upper beams (13-4). The screw motor has two screws, the left screw (18) is connected to the left hoist, and the right screw (19) is connected to the right hoist. The two screws rotate in opposite directions, one screw rotates forward and the other screw rotates reversely. When the hoist needs to move from A to B or from B to A, the screw motor and the powered hoist are powered on at the same time, helping the left and right hoists to pull from A to B or push from B to A at the same time.

8. The method for improving U-rib welding quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible heat-resistant flame-retardant material is ceramic fiber rope, cloth, paper, or a heat-resistant flame-retardant material with a sticky strip on the back of a similar material. When a ceramic fiber rope that fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate is not available, one or two round ceramic fiber ropes on the market can be used as a substitute. When two round ceramic fiber ropes are used, the thin one is close to the root of the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate, and the thick one presses the thin one; When ceramic fiber cloth or paper is used, the shape of the head end face of the pressing wheel (5-3) fits the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate; The first housing (5-1), the first push rod (5-4), the second housing (5-7), and the second push rod (5-8) can all be purchased from a commercially available "retractable cross-axis universal coupling". The telescopic rod of the coupling can be drawn out from the telescopic tube. The first compression spring (5-5) and the second compression spring (5-9) are respectively mounted on the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is then inserted into the telescopic tube. The pressure wheel (5-3) is composed of a bearing and a nesting. When a heat-resistant rope is used, the end face of the outer surface of the nesting is a concave crescent shape, and the crescent diameter is the same as the diameter of the heat-resistant rope. When a heat-resistant cloth or paper is used, the end face angle of the outer surface of the nesting is in line with the angle between the inner arm of the U rib and the bottom plate, and the nesting is press-fitted with the outer ring of the bearing. The horizontal wheel (5-10) is mounted on the top end of the second push rod with a bearing.

9. The method for improving U-rib welding quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: When using heat-resistant cloth or paper as welding pad, first use a mechanical device to pre-press a piece of heat-resistant cloth or paper of appropriate width to an angle that matches the angle between the U-rib and the bottom plate, and then place it at the sharp corner between the inner arm of the U-rib and the bottom plate, or stick the heat-resistant cloth or paper with adhesive strips that have been pre-pressed as above to the sharp corner between the inner arm of the U-rib and the bottom plate.

10. A method for improving U-rib welding quality according to claim 9, characterized in that: When heat-resistant cloth or paper is used as a welding pad, two steel rods of the same length or slightly longer than the bottom plate (1) are used, and the angle of the steel rods matches the angle between the U rib and the bottom plate. Such steel rods are used as two pressing rods (24) to press the heat-resistant cloth or paper toward the sharp corners on both sides of the U rib inner arm and the bottom plate, and apply pressure directed toward the sharp corners on both sides of the U rib inner arm and the bottom plate to the two pressing rods (24). The pressing method of the pressing rods (24) can be a two-point pressing method or a multi-point pressing method. The two-point pressing method is to apply pressure directed toward the sharp corners on both sides of the U rib inner arm and the bottom plate at both ends of the pressing rod (24). The multi-point pressing method is to apply pressure directed toward the sharp corners on both sides of the U rib inner arm and the bottom plate at multiple locations along the entire length of the pressing rod (24). The pressurizing method or method is not limited. In order to achieve greater stability, a push rod (5-19) and a pressure strip (5-20) can be added to the vertical tracking mechanism, the pressure of the third compression spring (5-13) is pressed against the push rod (5-19) and the pressure strip (5-20), and the pressure strip (5-20) is pressed against the pressing rod (24); The heat-resistant cloth or paper can also be divided into two pieces, one of which is placed under the pressing rod (24) and close to the bottom plate (1), and the other is placed on the side of the pressing rod (24) and close to the rib plate (2). The heat-resistant cloth or paper (5-2) close to the rib plate can also be replaced with a ceramic liner (5-21) with an arc R.

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