Special glass fiber cloth and its preparation process

Abstract

This invention relates to a special type of glass fiber cloth and its preparation process, belonging to the field of special materials technology. It solves the problems of existing special glass fiber cloths being prone to breakage or damage under stress or during use, having material properties that cannot meet the requirements of some special working environments, and having a limited service life. The glass fiber cloth comprises, from the outside to the inside, a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforcement layer, a flame-retardant insulation layer, an adhesive matrix layer, and a stabilizing bottom layer, connected sequentially. The preparation process includes S100, fiber pretreatment; S200, fiber reinforcement layer forming; S300, corrosion-resistant protective surface layer preparation; S400, flame-retardant insulation layer preparation; S500, stabilizing bottom layer composite treatment; S600, adhesive matrix layer coating; S700, lamination and curing; S800, post-treatment. This invention provides a special glass fiber cloth material composition and its production process, which is characterized by its resistance to breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of special materials technology, and in particular to a special glass fiber cloth and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] Specialty fiberglass cloth is a novel inorganic non-metallic material with unique properties. It combines high temperature resistance, good electrical insulation, high light transmittance, chemical corrosion resistance, non-adhesion to substances, UV protection, and antistatic properties. This material has wide applications in industries such as aerospace, construction, electronics, and petrochemicals, meeting the high-performance material needs of various sectors.

[0003] Specialty fiberglass cloth remains stable under extreme climatic conditions, typically with a temperature range of -196°C to 300°C, adapting to various harsh environments. This material is chemically stable, resistant to strong acids, strong alkalis, aqua regia, and various organic solvents, and can withstand the effects of pharmaceuticals. Due to its low coefficient of friction, it achieves good lubrication without the need for lubricants during use. Specialty fiberglass cloth has high light transmittance, meeting the light transmission requirements of certain specific applications. It also possesses high mechanical strength, is not easily broken, and is suitable for reinforcing and strengthening structures.

[0004] Although existing special fiberglass cloths have high mechanical strength, they are still somewhat brittle and easily break or break under stress or during use. Their material properties are difficult to meet the requirements of some special operating environments, and their service life is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of existing special glass fiber cloths being prone to breakage or damage under stress or during use, having material properties that are difficult to meet the requirements of some special working environments, and having a limited service life, this invention provides a special glass fiber cloth and its preparation process.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A special type of fiberglass cloth includes a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforcement layer, a flame-retardant insulation layer, an adhesive matrix layer, and a stabilizing bottom layer, which are connected sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0008] The corrosion-resistant protective surface layer is coated onto the surface of fiberglass cloth using a sol-gel method to isolate corrosive media and enhance surface hardness and wear resistance.

[0009] The fiber reinforcement layer is formed by orthogonally weaving high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber and hot pressing, which provides improved strength, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability.

[0010] The flame-retardant insulation layer is formed by alternately laying fire-retardant resin prepreg and glass fiber cloth, and then vacuum bag-pressing and curing it to provide flame retardant, electrical insulation and thermal insulation properties.

[0011] The adhesive matrix layer is formed by impregnating fibers with modified epoxy resin or polyimide resin and then thermosetting it to form a continuous matrix, which is used to bond adjacent layers, transfer stress, and improve high temperature resistance.

[0012] The stabilizing bottom layer is formed by weaving quartz fiber and aramid fiber to suppress thermal expansion and ensure dimensional stability.

[0013] Furthermore, the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts polytetrafluoroethylene, 2-3 parts boron nitride nano-coating, and 1-2 parts silicon carbide micro powder;

[0014] The polytetrafluoroethylene is used to form a continuous film layer through spraying, which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the boron nano-coating is used to enhance thermal conductivity and insulation properties through sol-gel spraying; and the silicon carbide micro powder is used to embed into the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer through sol-gel method, which enhances wear resistance.

[0015] Furthermore, the fiber reinforcement layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0016] 20-25 parts high silica glass fiber, 8-10 parts carbon fiber, 10-12 parts quartz fiber, 15-18 parts polyimide resin, 5-7 parts modified epoxy resin, 1-2 parts zirconium oxide fiber, and 2-3 parts silane coupling agent.

[0017] Furthermore, the flame-retardant insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts modified epoxy resin, 5-6 parts aluminum hydroxide powder, and 3-4 parts high-silica glass fiber chopped strands.

[0018] The modified epoxy resin has an oxygen index of ≥30%.

[0019] Furthermore, the adhesive matrix layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of polyimide resin, 3-4 parts of modified epoxy resin, and 2-3 parts of ceramic nanoparticles.

[0020] Furthermore, the stable substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-5 parts aramid fiber, 5-6 parts quartz fiber, and 3-4 parts nano-alumina sol;

[0021] Among them, the coefficient of thermal expansion of quartz fiber is ≤3×10. -6 / ℃.

[0022] A process for preparing a special glass fiber cloth includes the following steps:

[0023] S100, fiber pretreatment, involves surface cleaning and chemical modification of the fibers to enhance their bonding strength with the resin matrix;

[0024] S200, fiber reinforcement layer molding, combines orthogonal woven fiber cloth with resin prepreg to form a high-strength skeleton;

[0025] S300, corrosion-resistant protective surface layer preparation, a composite protective coating is formed on the surface of the fiber reinforcement layer by spraying or sol-gel method;

[0026] S400, flame-retardant insulation layer preparation, fire-retardant resin is compounded with short-cut fibers, and flame-retardant function is achieved by compression molding;

[0027] S500, stable bottom layer composite treatment, aramid and quartz fiber are mixed and woven together, and the surface is coated with nano alumina sol.

[0028] S600, adhesive substrate layer coating, a high-adhesion resin is coated between the flame-retardant insulation layer and the stable underlayer to ensure interlayer bonding strength;

[0029] S700, lamination and curing, involves hot-pressing and curing multiple layers of materials to form an integral structure;

[0030] S800, post-treatment, annealing and surface finishing of the glass fiber cloth to eliminate residual stress and improve performance.

[0031] Furthermore, the fiber pretreatment method in S100 specifically includes:

[0032] S101. High silica glass fiber is used. It is soaked in 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 40-50℃ for 30-60 minutes to remove surface impurities. Then it is rinsed with deionized water with conductivity ≤5μS / cm until neutral and dried at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours.

[0033] S102. Carbon fiber is treated by plasma method under Ar atmosphere, power 300-500W, treatment time 5-10 minutes, surface energy is increased to 50-60mN / m, then the carbon fiber surface is sprayed with silane coupling agent and dried at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0034] Furthermore, the method for forming the fiber reinforcement layer in S200 specifically includes:

[0035] S201, Fiber weaving, uses high silica glass fiber warp direction, which is orthogonally arranged with carbon fiber weft direction, with a weaving density of 8-10 strands / cm, and is woven using a CNC multi-axial loom, with tension controlled at 50-70N / bundle;

[0036] S202. Resin impregnation: Use polyimide resin prepreg with a resin viscosity of 300-500 mPa·s. Impregnate the fiber for 5-10 minutes and control the resin content at 35-40%. Then, apply pressure for impregnation, remove air bubbles under a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa, and pre-cur at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes.

[0037] Furthermore, the specific methods for preparing the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer in S300 include:

[0038] S301, polytetrafluoroethylene coating spraying, using a high-pressure airless sprayer, nozzle diameter 0.3-0.5mm, using polytetrafluoroethylene suspension with a solid content of 40-50%, spraying pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, coating thickness 50-80μm, pre-curing at 150-180℃ for 10-15 minutes;

[0039] The S302 and boron nitride composite coating was prepared by dispersing boron nitride nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder in ethanol at a mass ratio of 3:1 using the sol-gel method and ultrasonically vibrating for 30 minutes. The boron nitride nanosheets had a particle size of 50-100 nm, and the silicon carbide micropowder had a particle size of 1-2 μm. Then, the coating was applied to the fiber reinforcement layer by dip-coating at a speed of 10-20 mm / s and a coating thickness of 20-30 μm. The coating was then heat-treated at 250-300℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0041] The special glass fiber cloth of this invention uses high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber orthogonally woven and hot-pressed to form a fiber reinforcement layer, providing high strength, fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability. This solves the problem of ordinary glass fiber cloth being prone to deformation or breakage under stress, improving the overall performance and service life of the material. Furthermore, this special glass fiber cloth is coated with a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer using a sol-gel method, effectively isolating corrosive media and enhancing surface hardness and wear resistance, thereby solving the problem of glass fiber cloth being easily damaged in corrosive environments. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0045] This invention relates to a special type of glass fiber cloth, comprising, from the outside to the inside, a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforcement layer, a flame-retardant insulation layer, an adhesive matrix layer, and a stabilizing bottom layer, which are sequentially connected.

[0046] The corrosion-resistant protective surface layer is coated onto the surface of fiberglass cloth using a sol-gel method to isolate corrosive media and enhance surface hardness and wear resistance.

[0047] The fiber reinforcement layer is formed by orthogonally weaving high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber and hot pressing, which provides improved strength, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability.

[0048] The flame-retardant insulation layer is formed by alternately laying fire-retardant resin prepreg and glass fiber cloth, and then vacuum bag-pressing and curing it to provide flame retardant, electrical insulation and thermal insulation properties.

[0049] The adhesive matrix layer is formed by impregnating fibers with modified epoxy resin or polyimide resin and then thermosetting it to form a continuous matrix, which is used to bond adjacent layers, transfer stress, and improve high temperature resistance.

[0050] The stabilizing bottom layer is formed by weaving quartz fiber and aramid fiber to suppress thermal expansion and ensure dimensional stability.

[0051] Preferably, the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts polytetrafluoroethylene, 2-3 parts boron nitride nano-coating, and 1-2 parts silicon carbide micro powder;

[0052] The polytetrafluoroethylene is used to form a continuous film layer through spraying, which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the boron nano-coating is used to enhance thermal conductivity and insulation properties through sol-gel spraying; and the silicon carbide micro powder is used to embed into the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer through sol-gel method, which enhances wear resistance.

[0053] Preferably, the fiber reinforcement layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0054] 20-25 parts high silica glass fiber, 8-10 parts carbon fiber, 10-12 parts quartz fiber, 15-18 parts polyimide resin, 5-7 parts modified epoxy resin, 1-2 parts zirconium oxide fiber, and 2-3 parts silane coupling agent.

[0055] Preferably, the flame-retardant insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts modified epoxy resin, 5-6 parts aluminum hydroxide powder, and 3-4 parts high-silica glass fiber chopped strands.

[0056] The modified epoxy resin has an oxygen index of ≥30%.

[0057] Preferably, the adhesive matrix layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of polyimide resin, 3-4 parts of modified epoxy resin, and 2-3 parts of ceramic nanoparticles.

[0058] Preferably, the stable substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-5 parts aramid fiber, 5-6 parts quartz fiber, and 3-4 parts nano-alumina sol;

[0059] Among them, the coefficient of thermal expansion of quartz fiber is ≤3×10. -6 / ℃.

[0060] The following Examples 1-3 are some specific embodiments of the special glass fiber cloth of the present invention:

[0061] Example 1

[0062] Based on the above basic technical solution, the specific composition and content of the glass fiber cloth in this embodiment are as follows:

[0063] Corrosion-resistant protective surface layer: 6 parts polytetrafluoroethylene, 2 parts boron nitride nano-coating, 1 part silicon carbide micro powder. Fiber reinforcement layer: 20 parts high-silica glass fiber, 8 parts carbon fiber, 15 parts polyimide resin. Flame-retardant insulating layer: 10 parts modified epoxy resin, 5 parts aluminum hydroxide powder. Stabilizing underlayer: 4 parts aramid fiber, 5 parts quartz fiber.

[0064] This embodiment optimizes corrosion resistance by forming a thin layer (50 μm) of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covering the surface, which is resistant to acids and alkalis but has weak abrasion resistance. One part of silicon carbide micropowder is embedded in a sol-gel process to increase the surface hardness to HV 0.5 GPa. This embodiment also optimizes mechanical strength and lightweighting by orthogonally weaving 20 parts of high-silica glass fiber and 8 parts of carbon fiber, achieving a tensile strength of 1.2 GPa and a density of 1.8 g / cm³. 3 It meets the requirements of being lightweight and high-strength. In addition, this fiberglass cloth has higher flame retardant efficiency, reducing the combustion rate through the endothermic decomposition of 5 parts aluminum hydroxide, and has an oxygen index ≥30%.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Based on the above basic technical solution, in this embodiment, the specific composition and content of the glass fiber cloth are as follows: Corrosion-resistant protective surface layer: 7 parts polytetrafluoroethylene, 2.5 parts boron nitride nano-coating, and 1.5 parts silicon carbide micro powder. Fiber reinforcement layer: 22 parts high-silica glass fiber, 9 parts carbon fiber, and 16 parts polyimide resin. Flame-retardant insulation layer: 11 parts modified epoxy resin and 5.5 parts aluminum hydroxide powder. Stabilizing underlayer: 4.5 parts aramid fiber and 5.5 parts quartz fiber.

[0067] Based on the above composition, the special glass fiber cloth of this embodiment has a more balanced overall performance. Through the synergistic effect of 7 parts polytetrafluoroethylene and 1.5 parts silicon carbide micro powder, the wear resistance is improved to HV 0.8GPa, while maintaining resistance to corrosion after immersion in hydrochloric acid (10% concentration) for 72 hours. In addition, the fatigue resistance is also enhanced. Through the impregnation of the fiber reinforcement layer with 16 parts polyimide resin, the flexural fatigue life reaches 10. -6 (Load 50MPa)

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Based on the above basic technical solution, in this embodiment, the specific composition and content of the glass fiber cloth are as follows: Corrosion-resistant protective surface layer: 8 parts polytetrafluoroethylene, 3 parts boron nitride nano-coating, and 2 parts silicon carbide micro powder. Fiber reinforcement layer: 25 parts high-silica glass fiber, 10 parts carbon fiber, and 18 parts polyimide resin. Flame-retardant insulation layer: 12 parts modified epoxy resin and 6 parts aluminum hydroxide powder. Stabilizing bottom layer: 5 parts aramid fiber and 6 parts quartz fiber.

[0070] Based on the above composition, the extreme environmental resistance of the fiberglass cloth in this embodiment is enhanced. With an 80μm thick coating of 8 parts polytetrafluoroethylene, it withstands immersion in 98% sulfuric acid (50℃) for 48 hours without damage; with 3 parts boron nitride, the thermal conductivity is increased to 15W / (m·K), and the insulation strength is ≥30kV / mm. Strength is also improved, with a tensile strength of 1.8GPa achieved through the fiber reinforcement layer, and the 10 parts carbon fiber content increasing the impact toughness to 120kJ / m. 2 It has a higher flame retardant limit; by using 6 parts of aluminum hydroxide, the limiting oxygen index of the flame retardant layer is ≥35%.

[0071] Examples 1-3 above illustrate the specific composition and content of the special glass fiber cloth of the present invention. The specific composition can be selected and set according to the specific needs of the glass fiber cloth material.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a special glass fiber cloth preparation process, comprising the following steps:

[0073] S100, Fiber pretreatment, which involves surface cleaning and chemical modification of the fibers to improve their adhesion to the resin matrix; preferably, the fiber pretreatment method in S100 specifically includes:

[0074] S101. High silica glass fiber is used. It is soaked in 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 40-50℃ for 30-60 minutes to remove surface impurities. Then it is rinsed with deionized water with conductivity ≤5μS / cm until neutral and dried at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours.

[0075] S102. Carbon fiber is treated by plasma method under Ar atmosphere, power 300-500W, treatment time 5-10 minutes, surface energy is increased to 50-60mN / m, then the carbon fiber surface is sprayed with silane coupling agent and dried at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0076] S200, fiber reinforcement layer forming, which involves combining orthogonally woven fiber fabric with resin prepreg to form a high-strength skeleton; preferably, the method for forming the fiber reinforcement layer in S200 specifically includes:

[0077] S201, Fiber weaving, uses high silica glass fiber warp direction, which is orthogonally arranged with carbon fiber weft direction, with a weaving density of 8-10 strands / cm, and is woven using a CNC multi-axial loom, with tension controlled at 50-70N / bundle;

[0078] S202. Resin impregnation: Use polyimide resin prepreg with a resin viscosity of 300-500 mPa·s. Impregnate the fiber for 5-10 minutes and control the resin content at 35-40%. Then, apply pressure for impregnation, remove air bubbles under a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa, and pre-cur at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes.

[0079] S300, the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer is prepared by forming a composite protective coating on the surface of the fiber-reinforced layer through spraying or sol-gel method; preferably, the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer in S300 specifically includes:

[0080] S301, polytetrafluoroethylene coating spraying, using a high-pressure airless sprayer, nozzle diameter 0.3-0.5mm, using polytetrafluoroethylene suspension with a solid content of 40-50%, spraying pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, coating thickness 50-80μm, pre-curing at 150-180℃ for 10-15 minutes;

[0081] The S302 and boron nitride composite coating was prepared by dispersing boron nitride nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder in ethanol at a mass ratio of 3:1 using the sol-gel method and ultrasonically vibrating for 30 minutes. The boron nitride nanosheets had a particle size of 50-100 nm, and the silicon carbide micropowder had a particle size of 1-2 μm. Then, the coating was applied to the fiber reinforcement layer by dip-coating at a speed of 10-20 mm / s and a coating thickness of 20-30 μm. The coating was then heat-treated at 250-300℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0082] S400 flame-retardant insulation layer preparation: Fire-retardant resin is compounded with chopped fibers, and the flame-retardant function is achieved through compression molding. Resin mixing: Modified epoxy resin (EP) and aluminum hydroxide powder (particle size 5-10μm) are mixed at a mass ratio of 4:1, with 1-2% defoamer added, and stirred for 20-30 minutes using a high-speed disperser (speed 1000-1500rpm). Lamination molding: Chopped high-silica fibers (length 3-5mm) are randomly spread on the resin surface (density 200-300g / m³). 2 Molding parameters: temperature 80-100℃, pressure 1-2MPa, holding time 20-30 minutes, degree of curing ≥85%.

[0083] S500, stable underlying composite treatment, aramid and quartz fiber are blended and woven together, and the surface is coated with nano-alumina sol; fiber blending: aramid (warp) and quartz fiber (weft) are plain woven in a 2:1 ratio, with a density of 6-8 threads / cm. Nano-alumina coating: sol concentration of 10-15wt% Al2O3 sol, impregnation time 2-5 minutes, sintering at 500-600℃ for 1-2 hours, coating thickness 10-15μm.

[0084] S600, adhesive substrate layer coating, a high-adhesion resin is coated between the flame-retardant insulation layer and the stable underlayer to ensure interlayer bonding strength;

[0085] S700, lamination and curing: after stacking multiple layers of materials, hot pressing and curing are performed to form an integral structure; hot pressing and curing adopts stepped temperature increase, in the order of 80℃ (1h), 120℃ (1h), 180℃ (2h), 250℃ (1h), temperature and time, pressure is controlled at 2-4MPa, vacuum degree ≤100Pa, and interlayer air bubbles are eliminated.

[0086] S800 post-treatment involves annealing and surface finishing of the fiberglass cloth to eliminate residual stress and improve performance. High-temperature annealing is performed at 400-450℃ for 2-3 hours under inert gas (N2) protection, with a cooling rate ≤5℃ / min. Surface polishing uses diamond belt polishing (800-1200 mesh grit) to achieve a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm.

[0087] Examples 4-6 below are some specific embodiments of the method for preparing the special glass fiber cloth of the present invention:

[0088] Example 4

[0089] In this embodiment, the fiber pretreatment uses 5% hydrochloric acid for 30 minutes; the plasma power is 300W for 5 minutes. The fiber reinforcement layer has a weave density of 8 threads / cm, an impregnation time of 5 minutes, and a pre-curing temperature of 60℃. The surface layer is coated with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) at a spraying pressure of 0.4MPa, with a coating thickness of 50μm.

[0090] Based on the above preparation process, in this embodiment, the fiber bonding strength of the glass fiber cloth is improved, plasma treatment (300W / 5 minutes) brings the surface energy of the carbon fiber to 50mN / m, and the resin wettability is improved by 20%. Production efficiency is optimized, the low weaving density (8 strands / cm) and short impregnation time (5 minutes) reduce energy consumption, the resin content is 35%, the mechanical strength is 1.0GPa, and the cost is lower.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] In this embodiment, the fiber pretreatment involved a hydrochloric acid concentration of 7.5% and an immersion time of 45 minutes; the plasma power was 400W and the treatment time was 7.5 minutes. The fiber reinforcement layer had a weave density of 9 threads / cm, an immersion time of 7.5 minutes, and a pre-curing temperature of 70°C. The surface layer was coated with PTFE at a spraying pressure of 0.5MPa, resulting in a coating thickness of 65μm.

[0093] Based on the above preparation process, the uniformity of the glass fiber cloth in this embodiment is better controlled. Plasma treatment (400W / 7.5 minutes) makes the fiber surface more uniformly activated, and the shear strength of the resin matrix is ​​increased to 45MPa (15% higher than in Example 4). The impregnation depth is also better optimized. The impregnation time of 7.5 minutes allows the resin to penetrate to the center of the fiber bundle, and the porosity is ≤1%.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] In this embodiment, the fiber pretreatment uses 10% hydrochloric acid and is soaked for 60 minutes; the plasma power is 500W and the treatment time is 10 minutes. The fiber reinforcement layer has a weave density of 10 threads / cm, an impregnation time of 10 minutes, and a pre-curing temperature of 80℃. The surface layer is sprayed with PTFE at a spraying pressure of 0.6MPa, and the coating thickness is 80μm.

[0096] Based on the above preparation process, the glass fiber cloth in this embodiment has better cleanliness and modification. Hydrochloric acid (10%) thoroughly removes SiO2 impurities from the fiber surface, and plasma treatment (500W / 10 minutes) brings the surface energy to 60mN / m, with a resin interfacial bonding strength of 50MPa. This glass fiber cloth also has a high-density structure, with a weaving density of 10 threads / cm and an impregnation time of 10 minutes, resulting in a resin content of 40% and a tensile strength of 1.8GPa, which is higher (20% higher than in Example 5).

[0097] The above description constitutes an embodiment of the present invention. The foregoing descriptions are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Unless there is a clear contradiction or a prerequisite for a particular preferred embodiment, the preferred embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used. The embodiments and specific parameters described are merely for clearly illustrating the inventor's verification process and are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention is still determined by its claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation process for a special glass fiber cloth, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100, fiber pretreatment, involves surface cleaning and chemical modification of the fibers to enhance their bonding strength with the resin matrix; S200, fiber reinforcement layer molding, combines orthogonal woven fiber cloth with resin prepreg to form a high-strength skeleton; The specific methods for forming fiber-reinforced layers include: S201, Fiber weaving, uses high silica glass fiber warp direction, which is orthogonally arranged with carbon fiber weft direction, with a weaving density of 8-10 strands / cm, and is woven using a CNC multi-axial loom, with tension controlled at 50-70N / bundle; S202. Resin impregnation: Use polyimide resin prepreg with a resin viscosity of 300-500 mPa·s. Impregnate the fiber for 5-10 minutes and control the resin content at 35-40%. Then, apply pressure to impregnate, remove air bubbles under a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa, and pre-cur at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes. S300, corrosion-resistant protective surface layer preparation, involves forming a composite protective coating on the surface of the fiber-reinforced layer through spraying or sol-gel method; the specific methods for preparing the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer include: S301, polytetrafluoroethylene coating spraying, using a high-pressure airless sprayer, nozzle diameter 0.3-0.5mm, using polytetrafluoroethylene suspension with a solid content of 40-50%, spraying pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, coating thickness 50-80μm, pre-curing at 150-180℃ for 10-15 minutes; The S302 and boron nitride composite coating was prepared by dispersing boron nitride nanosheets and silicon carbide micro powder in ethanol at a mass ratio of 3:1 using the sol-gel method and ultrasonically vibrating for 30 minutes. The boron nitride nanosheets had a particle size of 50-100 nm, and the silicon carbide micro powder had a particle size of 1-2 μm. Then, the coating was applied to the fiber reinforcement layer by dip-coating at a speed of 10-20 mm / s and a coating thickness of 20-30 μm. The coating was then heat-treated at 250-300℃ for 1-2 hours. S400, flame-retardant insulation layer preparation, involves compounding fire-retardant resin with chopped fibers and achieving flame-retardant function through compression molding; the specific preparation of the flame-retardant insulation layer includes: resin mixing, mixing modified epoxy resin with aluminum hydroxide powder with a particle size of 5-10μm at a mass ratio of 4:1, adding 1-2% defoamer, and stirring with a high-speed disperser for 20-30 minutes; lamination molding, randomly spreading chopped high-silica fibers with a length of 3-5mm on the resin surface, with a density of 200-300g / m²; wherein, the molding parameters are set as follows: temperature 80-100℃, pressure 1-2MPa, holding time 20-30 minutes, degree of curing ≥85%; S500, stable bottom layer composite treatment, aramid and quartz fiber are mixed and woven together, and the surface is coated with nano alumina sol. S600, adhesive substrate layer coating, a high-adhesion resin is coated between the flame-retardant insulation layer and the stable underlayer to ensure interlayer bonding strength; S700, lamination and curing, involves hot-pressing and curing multiple layers of materials to form an integral structure; S800, post-treatment, annealing and surface finishing of the glass fiber cloth to eliminate residual stress and improve performance.

2. The preparation process of a special glass fiber cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber pretreatment methods in S100 specifically include: S101. High silica glass fiber is used. It is soaked in 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 40-50℃ for 30-60 minutes to remove surface impurities. Then it is rinsed with deionized water with conductivity ≤5μS / cm until neutral and dried at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours. S102. Carbon fiber is treated by plasma method under Ar atmosphere, power 300-500W, treatment time 5-10 minutes, surface energy is increased to 50-60mN / m, then the carbon fiber surface is sprayed with silane coupling agent and dried at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours.

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