Intelligent load balance control method in charging process of electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent load balance control method in the charging process of an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging management, and the method comprises the steps: reading the charging pile rated power and the charging pile real-time power of a charging pile, calculating the distributable capacity of a charging station according to parameters, and judging whether the charging pile is in an overload state or not; when the charging piles are in the overload state, the real-time power of each charging pile is reduced according to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging piles is reduced to the rated power of the charging piles, and when the charging piles are in the non-overload state and approach the load upper limit, the charging power of the charging piles which are being charged is reduced. In particular, for the charging piles with low load rates, a linear or nonlinear power adjustment strategy can be adopted, for example, the residual power is distributed according to the reciprocal proportion of the load rates of the charging piles, so that the load balance of the charging piles is adjusted, and the stability of a power grid and the charging piles is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging management, and in particular to an intelligent load balancing control method during an electric vehicle charging process. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the construction of charging piles has also developed rapidly. The large-scale construction of charging piles has provided great convenience for people who own electric vehicles, making it easier to charge electric vehicles. However, a large number of charging piles also bring a great burden to the power grid, especially in large parking lots, parking buildings, and dedicated charging pile concentration areas. The number of new energy vehicles parked for charging is highly random, and the remaining power of each vehicle is different, so the demand for charging is also highly random. The superposition of these multiple random factors can easily lead to an imbalance in the power grid.

[0003] The existing application number is: 202111470503.1, which is a method and system for controlling the charging balance of an electric vehicle, comprising: step S10, which is executed periodically according to the optimization cycle; step S30, which clears the pre-allocated power of the power supply of each phase of the power grid in the region; step S40, which sorts the charging power Pj of all charging piles in the region from large to small according to the absolute value; step S50, which traverses all charging piles starting from the charging pile with the maximum charging power, and switches the charging pile to the corresponding power grid phase according to the positive or negative value of the charging power Pj. The electric vehicle charging balance control method of the present invention can dynamically control the charging phase of each charging pile in real time to balance the power grid load in the area, and is simple and easy to use;

[0004] The above method is difficult to support all electric vehicles in the same charging station to get good charging services when the available capacity of the transformer is not sufficient. Electric vehicles with low power demand more power, and the charging power of electric vehicles with high and low power is unbalanced, which cannot meet the charging needs of the vehicles. Therefore, we propose an intelligent load balancing control method for the charging process of electric vehicles to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is that when the available capacity of the transformer is not sufficient, it is difficult to support all electric vehicles in the same charging station to obtain good charging services. Electric vehicles with low power demand more power, and the charging power of electric vehicles with high and low power is unbalanced, and the charging needs of the vehicles cannot be met.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process, and the specific steps of the intelligent load balancing control method are as follows:

[0007] S1: Data collection, collecting various data in the charging system through the collection device;

[0008] S2: Status evaluation: Based on the collected data, the status of each charging pile and the entire charging system is evaluated;

[0009] S3: Intelligent allocation strategy specifically includes priority setting and dynamic power adjustment;

[0010] S4: Real-time monitoring: During the charging process, the charging parameters and grid status are continuously monitored in real time;

[0011] S5: Real-time feedback, the adjusted information is fed back to the charging pile control system and the user end through the communication unit, so that the user can understand the reason for the change in charging power;

[0012] Preferably, the various data in S2 specifically include the real-time charging power, charging current, and charging voltage parameters of each charging pile, and the real-time load condition of the power grid is obtained, specifically including the voltage and current of the power grid access point.

[0013] Preferably, the state evaluation in S2 includes calculation M of the load rate η of each charging pile and the load margin of the power grid;

[0014] The calculation formula of the charging pile load rate η is:

[0015]

[0016] Where: η is the load rate of each charging pile, P d is the current charging power, P max Maximum power of charging pile;

[0017] The calculation formula of the load margin M of the power grid is:

[0018] M=P m -P f；

[0019] Where: M is the load margin of the power grid, P m is the maximum carrying power of the power grid, P f is the current load power.

[0020] Preferably, the priority setting in S3 is that when the grid load is low, the charging power is allocated according to the conventional principle of first come first served; when the grid load is high, the charging needs of high priority vehicles are prioritized, specifically:

[0021] S301: Time-sharing strategy can be used to divide different electricity price periods, such as off-peak electricity price period, flat-valley electricity price period and peak electricity price period. During off-peak electricity price period, the grid load is usually low, and vehicles are encouraged to charge in a centralized manner, and higher charging power is allocated. During peak electricity price period, charging power allocation is reduced or even some non-emergency charging tasks are suspended to achieve staggered charging.

[0022] S302: Time-limited charging: a shorter initial charging time is allocated to each vehicle, during which it is charged at a higher power. After the time is up, if the grid load allows and there are no other waiting vehicles, charging can continue; otherwise, charging is terminated. This allows for a quick turnover of charging piles to serve more vehicles.

[0023] S303: Difference in power demand: for vehicles with less power remaining, such as less than 20%, a higher charging power can be allocated so that they can replenish power as soon as possible to meet driving needs; for vehicles with more power remaining, such as more than 50%, the charging power can be appropriately reduced or the charging start time can be delayed;

[0024] S304: Differences in vehicle types. For large electric vehicles, due to their large battery capacity and high charging power requirements, they can be assigned exclusive high-power charging piles or given priority for charging during grid load troughs based on their remaining charging time and grid load. For small private cars, the charging power can be flexibly adjusted.

[0025] Preferably, the real-time monitoring in S4 is specifically:

[0026] S401: Read charging pile parameters, and determine whether the charging pile is in an overload state based on the charging pile parameters;

[0027] S402: When the charging pile is in a non-overloaded state, the charge state of the electric vehicle is detected in real time, and based on the charge state of the electric vehicle and the allocatable capacity of the charging station, the power allocated to each electric vehicle is adjusted in real time to balance the power of all electric vehicles.

[0028] Preferably, the charging pile parameters specifically include the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile, and the allocatable capacity of the charging station is the difference between the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile.

[0029] Preferably, determining whether the charging pile is in an overload state based on the charging pile parameters specifically includes:

[0030] S4011: comparing the rated power of the charging pile with the real-time power of the charging pile, and when the rated power of the charging pile is greater than the real-time power of the charging pile, determining that the charging pile is in an overload state; otherwise, determining that the charging pile is in a non-overload state;

[0031] S4012: When the charging pile is in an overload state, the real-time power of each charging pile is reduced in proportion according to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging pile is reduced to the rated power of the charging pile.

[0032] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0033] 1. The present invention acquires real-time data in the charging system through a collection device in real time, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the state of the charging system, thereby improving the accuracy of the method for load balancing distribution, and by providing a calculation of the load rate η of each charging pile and the load margin M of the power grid, it is possible to determine whether the state of each charging pile and the entire charging system is in an overload state.

[0034] 2. The present invention uses strategies such as time-sharing strategy, time-limited charging, power demand difference, and vehicle type difference to achieve the distribution of charging power according to conventional principles such as first come first served when the grid load is low; when the grid load is high, the reasonable load distribution of the charging needs of high-priority vehicles is prioritized, thereby improving the charging efficiency and the load balance of the grid.

[0035] 3. The present invention calculates the distributable capacity of the charging station according to the parameters by reading the rated power and real-time power of the charging pile, thereby judging whether the charging pile is in an overloaded state. When the charging pile is in an overloaded state, the real-time power of each charging pile is reduced in proportion according to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging pile is reduced to the rated power of the charging pile. When the charging pile is not overloaded and is close to the upper limit of the load, the charging power of the charging pile being charged is reduced, especially for those charging piles with a low load rate. A linear or nonlinear power adjustment strategy can be adopted, such as allocating the remaining power according to the inverse proportion of the charging pile load rate, so as to achieve the adjustment of the load balance of the charging pile, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the power grid and the charging pile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the intelligent allocation strategy flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention provides an intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps of the intelligent load balancing control method are as follows:

[0039] S1: Data collection, collecting various data in the charging system through the collection device;

[0040] S2: Status evaluation: Based on the collected data, the status of each charging pile and the entire charging system is evaluated;

[0041] S3: Intelligent allocation strategy, including priority setting and dynamic power adjustment;

[0042] S4: Real-time monitoring: During the charging process, the charging parameters and grid status are continuously monitored in real time;

[0043] S5: Real-time feedback: The adjusted information is fed back to the charging pile control system and the user end through the communication unit, so that the user can understand the reason for the change in charging power.

[0044] Furthermore, the various data in S2 specifically include the real-time charging power, charging current, and charging voltage parameters of each charging pile, and obtain the real-time load conditions of the power grid, specifically including the voltage and current of the power grid access point. When in use, the real-time data in the charging system is obtained in real time through the acquisition device, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the charging system status, thereby improving the accuracy of the method for load balancing distribution.

[0045] Furthermore, the state evaluation in S2 includes the calculation M of the load rate η of each charging pile and the load margin of the power grid;

[0046] The calculation formula of charging pile load rate η is:

[0047]

[0048] Where: η is the load rate of each charging pile, P d is the current charging power, P max Maximum power of charging pile;

[0049] The calculation formula of the load margin M of the power grid is:

[0050] M=P m -P f；

[0051] Where: M is the load margin of the power grid, P m is the maximum carrying power of the power grid, P f is the current load power.

[0052] It should be specifically explained in this embodiment that by calculating the load rate η of each charging pile and the load margin of the power grid, it is determined whether each charging pile and the entire charging system are in an overload state;

[0053] Furthermore, the priority setting in S3 is that when the grid load is low, the charging power is allocated according to the conventional principle of first come first served; when the grid load is high, the charging needs of high priority vehicles are prioritized, specifically:

[0054] S301: Time-sharing strategy can be used to divide different electricity price periods, such as off-peak electricity price period, flat-valley electricity price period and peak electricity price period. During off-peak electricity price period, the grid load is usually low, and vehicles are encouraged to charge in a centralized manner, and higher charging power is allocated. During peak electricity price period, charging power allocation is reduced or even some non-emergency charging tasks are suspended to achieve staggered charging.

[0055] S302: Time-limited charging: a shorter initial charging time is allocated to each vehicle, during which it is charged at a higher power. After the time is up, if the grid load allows and there are no other waiting vehicles, charging can continue; otherwise, charging is terminated. This allows for a quick turnover of charging piles to serve more vehicles.

[0056] S303: Difference in power demand: for vehicles with less power remaining, such as less than 20%, a higher charging power can be allocated so that they can replenish power as soon as possible to meet driving needs; for vehicles with more power remaining, such as more than 50%, the charging power can be appropriately reduced or the charging start time can be delayed;

[0057] S304: Differences in vehicle types. For large electric vehicles, due to their large battery capacity and high charging power requirements, they can be assigned exclusive high-power charging piles or given priority for charging during grid load troughs based on their remaining charging time and grid load. For small private cars, the charging power can be flexibly adjusted.

[0058] What needs to be specifically explained in this embodiment is that through strategies such as time-sharing strategies, time-limited charging, differences in power demand, and differences in vehicle types, when the grid load is low, the charging power is allocated according to conventional principles such as first come first served; when the grid load is high, priority is given to ensuring reasonable load distribution of the charging needs of high-priority vehicles, thereby improving charging efficiency and balancing the load of the grid.

[0059] Furthermore, the real-time monitoring in S4 is as follows:

[0060] S401: Read charging pile parameters, and determine whether the charging pile is in an overload state based on the charging pile parameters;

[0061] S402: When the charging pile is in a non-overloaded state, the charge state of the electric vehicle is detected in real time, and based on the charge state of the electric vehicle and the allocatable capacity of the charging station, the power allocated to each electric vehicle is adjusted in real time to balance the power of all electric vehicles.

[0062] Furthermore, the charging pile parameters specifically include the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile. The allocatable capacity of the charging station is the difference between the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile.

[0063] Further, determining whether the charging pile is in an overload state based on the charging pile parameters specifically includes:

[0064] S4011: comparing the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile. When the rated power of the charging pile is greater than the real-time power of the charging pile, determining that the charging pile is in an overload state; otherwise, determining that the charging pile is in a non-overload state.

[0065] S4012: When the charging pile is in an overload state, the real-time power of each charging pile is reduced in proportion according to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging pile is reduced to the rated power of the charging pile.

[0066] What needs to be specifically explained in this embodiment is that by reading the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile, the allocable capacity of the charging station is calculated according to the parameters, so as to determine whether the charging pile is in an overloaded state. When the charging pile is in an overloaded state, the real-time power of each charging pile is reduced in proportion according to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging pile is reduced to the rated power of the charging pile. When the charging pile is not overloaded and is close to the load upper limit, the charging power of the charging pile being charged is reduced, especially for those charging piles with a low load rate. A linear or nonlinear power adjustment strategy can be adopted, such as allocating the remaining power according to the inverse proportion of the charging pile load rate, so as to achieve the adjustment of the load balance of the charging pile, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the power grid and the charging piles.

[0067] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the real-time data in the charging system is acquired in real time by a collection device, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the state of the charging system, thereby improving the accuracy of the method for load balancing distribution; by providing a calculation of the load rate η of each charging pile and the load margin M of the power grid, it is possible to judge whether the state of each charging pile and the entire charging system is in an overloaded state; through time-sharing strategies, time-limited charging, power demand differences, vehicle type differences and other strategies, when the power grid load is low, the charging power is distributed according to conventional principles such as first come first served; when the power grid load is high, the reasonable load distribution of the charging needs of high-priority vehicles is prioritized, thereby improving the charging efficiency and the load balance of the power grid, through Read the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile, and calculate the distributable capacity of the charging station according to the parameters, so as to determine whether the charging pile is in an overloaded state. When the charging pile is in an overloaded state, reduce the real-time power of each charging pile in proportion to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging pile is reduced to the rated power of the charging pile. When the charging pile is not overloaded and is close to the load upper limit, reduce the charging power of the charging pile being charged, especially for those charging piles with a low load rate. Linear or nonlinear power adjustment strategies can be adopted, such as allocating the remaining power according to the inverse proportion of the charging pile load rate, so as to achieve the adjustment of the load balance of the charging pile, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the power grid and the charging pile.

[0068] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process, characterized in that: The specific steps of the intelligent load balancing control method are as follows: S1: Data collection, collecting various data in the charging system through the collection device; S2: Status evaluation: Based on the collected data, the status of each charging pile and the entire charging system is evaluated; S3: Intelligent allocation strategy, including priority setting and dynamic power adjustment; S4: Real-time monitoring: During the charging process, the charging parameters and grid status are continuously monitored in real time; S5: Real-time feedback: The adjusted information is fed back to the charging pile control system and the user end through the communication unit, so that the user can understand the reason for the change in charging power.

2. The intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various data in S2 specifically include the real-time charging power, charging current, and charging voltage parameters of each charging pile, and obtain the real-time load conditions of the power grid, specifically including the voltage and current of the power grid access point.

3. The intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The state evaluation in S2 includes the calculation M of the load rate η of each charging pile and the load margin of the power grid; The calculation formula of the charging pile load rate η is: Where: η is the load rate of each charging pile, P d is the current charging power, P max Maximum power of charging pile; The calculation formula of the load margin M of the power grid is: M=P m -P f； Where: M is the load margin of the power grid, P m is the maximum carrying power of the power grid, P f is the current load power.

4. The intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The priority setting in S3 is that when the grid load is low, the charging power is allocated according to the conventional principle of first come first served; when the grid load is high, the charging needs of high priority vehicles are prioritized, specifically: S301: Time-sharing strategy can be used to divide different electricity price periods, such as off-peak electricity price period, flat-valley electricity price period and peak electricity price period. During off-peak electricity price period, the grid load is usually low, and vehicles are encouraged to charge in a centralized manner, and higher charging power is allocated. During peak electricity price period, charging power allocation is reduced or even some non-emergency charging tasks are suspended to achieve staggered charging. S302: Time-limited charging: a shorter initial charging time is allocated to each vehicle, during which it is charged at a higher power. After the time is up, if the grid load allows and there are no other waiting vehicles, charging can continue; otherwise, charging is terminated. This allows for a quick turnover of charging piles to serve more vehicles. S303: Difference in power demand: for vehicles with less power remaining, such as less than 20%, a higher charging power can be allocated so that they can replenish power as soon as possible to meet driving needs; for vehicles with more power remaining, such as more than 50%, the charging power can be appropriately reduced or the charging start time can be delayed; S304: Differences in vehicle types. For large electric vehicles, due to their large battery capacity and high charging power requirements, they can be assigned exclusive high-power charging piles or given priority for charging during grid load troughs based on their remaining charging time and grid load. For small private cars, the charging power can be flexibly adjusted.

5. The intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring in S4 is specifically as follows: S401: Read charging pile parameters, and determine whether the charging pile is in an overload state based on the charging pile parameters; S402: When the charging pile is in a non-overloaded state, the charge state of the electric vehicle is detected in real time, and based on the charge state of the electric vehicle and the allocatable capacity of the charging station, the power allocated to each electric vehicle is adjusted in real time to balance the power of all electric vehicles.

6. The intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging pile parameters specifically include the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile. The allocatable capacity of the charging station is the difference between the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile.

7. The intelligent load balancing control method for an electric vehicle charging process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determining whether the charging pile is in an overload state based on the charging pile parameters specifically includes: S4011: comparing the rated power of the charging pile and the real-time power of the charging pile. When the rated power of the charging pile is greater than the real-time power of the charging pile, determining that the charging pile is in an overload state; otherwise, determining that the charging pile is in a non-overload state. S4012: When the charging pile is in an overload state, the real-time power of each charging pile is reduced in proportion according to the power proportion of each charging pile, so that the real-time power of the charging pile is reduced to the rated power of the charging pile.

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