A tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high-wear-resistant tires and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shell-and-tube preheater for carbon black production for high-wear-resistant tires and its usage method, which relates to the technical field of carbon black production equipment. It includes a shell-and-tube preheater and a shunt pipe installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater. A speed control mechanism for controlling gas flow rate and flow area is arranged inside the shell-and-tube preheater. The speed control mechanism includes several groups of closing parts that are circularly distributed and fixedly installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater. The closing part includes several circularly distributed bases installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater. One end of the base is rotatably installed with a rotating rod, and the other end of the base is slidably installed with a sliding adapter. A cleaning mechanism for scraping the surface carbon deposit of the shunt pipe is arranged on the outer side of the shunt pipe. The shell-and-tube preheater for carbon black production for high-wear-resistant tires and its usage method disclosed by the present invention have the effects of stable preheating effect and high operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon black production equipment, and particularly relates to a shell-and-tube preheater for carbon black production for high-abrasion-resistant tires and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Carbon black is an amorphous carbon, a light, loose and extremely fine black powder, which can be vividly understood as soot at the bottom of a pot; it is a product obtained by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of carbon-containing substances such as coal, natural gas, heavy oil, and fuel oil under insufficient air conditions. Carbon black has a high specific surface area and a large pore structure, can interact with polymers in rubber to form an effective filler system, significantly improve the performance of tires, and has a physical cross-linking effect with polymers in rubber to form a network structure, increasing the hardness and strength of tires, thereby improving wear resistance, grip and reducing the heat generation rate.

[0003] Before crude oil enters the reaction furnace for combustion to produce carbon, it needs to be preliminarily heated by a shell-and-tube preheater to ensure the efficiency during carbon black production. The heat source of the shell-and-tube preheater is mainly the carbon black flue gas at the outlet of the carbon black waste heat boiler. The carbon black flue gas exchanges heat with the raw material oil to achieve the preheating effect, and then the carbon black flue gas flows to the bag filter for gas-solid separation after secondary rapid cooling; however, since the carbon black flue gas contains moisture and carbon black powder, when the carbon black flue gas flows through the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater, the flue gas temperature drops and the velocity decreases after heat exchange through the shunt pipe. The carbon black powder mixed with moisture is easy to adhere to the surface of the shunt pipe to form carbon deposits, thus affecting the heat exchange efficiency of the crude oil in the shunt pipe, resulting in insufficient preheating of the crude oil, affecting the atomization cracking of the raw material oil to produce carbon black, and thus affecting the quality of carbon black products and energy conservation and consumption reduction. The prior art usually uses the method of gas blowing to clean the surface of the shunt pipe, but since the carbon black powder mixed with moisture will form hard substances, the ordinary gas blowing method is difficult to effectively clean the accumulated carbon black. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention discloses a shell-and-tube preheater for carbon black production for high-abrasion-resistant tires and a using method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem that in the prior carbon black crude oil preheating technology, the method of gas blowing is usually used to clean the surface of the shunt pipe inside the shell-and-tube preheater, but since the carbon black powder mixed with moisture will form hard substances, the ordinary gas blowing method is difficult to effectively clean the accumulated carbon black.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires and its usage method, including a tubular preheater and a shunt pipe installed inside the tubular preheater. A speed control mechanism for controlling the gas flow rate and flow area is arranged inside the tubular preheater. The speed control mechanism includes several groups of closing parts that are circularly distributed and fixedly installed inside the tubular preheater. The closing parts include several circularly distributed bases installed inside the tubular preheater. One end of the base is rotatably installed with a rotating rod, and the other end of the base is slidably installed with a sliding adapter.

[0007] A cleaning mechanism for scraping the surface carbon deposit of the shunt pipe is arranged outside the shunt pipe.

[0008] By changing the tail gas flow rate and flow area inside the tubular preheater through the speed control mechanism, and cooperating with the operation of the cleaning mechanism to clean the surface carbon deposit of the shunt pipe, the crude oil inside the shunt pipe is stably preheated.

[0009] By arranging a speed control mechanism inside the tubular preheater, the folding and closing of the closing parts are used to change the tail gas flow rate introduced into the tubular preheater, and in the form of controlling the flow rate, the adhesion rate of carbon black particles in the tail gas to the shunt pipe is reduced. The operator can control the tail gas flow rate inside the tubular preheater according to needs. Cooperating with the operation of the cleaning mechanism additionally arranged on the surface of the shunt pipe, while the speed control mechanism retracts inward, the cleaning mechanism scrapes the surface of the shunt pipe, and most of the scraped carbon black particles are carried away by increasing the flow rate, so as to maintain the working efficiency of the tubular preheater and ensure the perfection of the operation of this equipment.

[0010] In a preferred solution, the speed control mechanism further includes a flow control section. The flow control section is opened on the outside of one end of the shunt pipe close to the closing part. A baffle is slidably sleeved on the end of the shunt pipe. The baffle is distributed outside the flow control section. Several connecting rods are evenly fixed on the side of the baffle and are connected to the side of the closing part through the connecting rods.

[0011] By arranging several circularly distributed closing part structures pushed by the baffle, the operation of the cleaning mechanism is used to synchronously push the baffle structure to move horizontally. Under normal conditions, the tail gas entering the tubular preheater can fill the outside of the entire shunt pipe through the gap between the flow control section and the baffle, so as to fully preheat the crude oil inside the shunt pipe; when the cleaning mechanism operates, it can synchronously push the baffle and the closing parts, causing the closing parts to approach each other. At the same time, the baffle and the flow control section are misaligned. At this time, the flow rate inside the tubular preheater increases, and at the same time, the tail gas flow path is changed, so as to directly blow on the shunt pipe, and cooperate with the operation of the cleaning mechanism to take away the carbon black impurities, ensuring the preheating effect and functionality of this equipment.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the side surface of the sliding adapter, and the top of the rotating rod and the sliding adapter are jointly rotatably connected to an adduction plate. A plurality of adduction plates distributed in a circular shape and the rotating rod jointly form a trumpet-shaped necking structure.

[0013] By providing a base distributed in a circular shape inside the shell-and-tube preheater, a connecting rod and a sliding adapter are respectively installed inside the base. By using the baffle plate being extruded to move horizontally, the sliding adapter is pushed to move and rotate, thereby pushing an additionally provided adduction plate, causing a plurality of adduction plates distributed in a circular shape to approach each other, and causing the inner diameter of the trumpet-shaped necking structure jointly formed by the adduction plate and the rotating rod to be further reduced, so as to increase the velocity of the introduced tail gas by reducing the inner diameter of the pipeline, ensuring the perfection of the operation of this equipment.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning mechanism includes an electric push rod fixedly installed at the end of the shell-and-tube preheater. The output end of the electric push rod horizontally penetrates into the interior of the shell-and-tube preheater. A sieve plate is slidably sleeved outside the shunt pipe. A stopper is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the electric push rod. The output shaft of the electric push rod horizontally penetrates through the sieve plate and forms a pull on the sieve plate through the stopper.

[0015] By providing a sieve plate structure driven by an electric push rod, the telescopic movement of the output shaft of the electric push rod is used to drive the stopper to pull the sieve plate structure to reciprocate along the outside of the shunt pipe, thereby scraping off the carbon black dirt adhering to the outside of the shunt pipe. At the same time, when the output end of the electric push rod extends outwards, the stopper can also be used to push the baffle plate to move, thereby ensuring the perfection of the operation of this equipment.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a necking ring is jointly installed on the side surfaces of a plurality of the bases.

[0017] By providing a necking ring to guide the gas introduced into the shell-and-tube preheater, the gas is gathered and centrally introduced into the speed control mechanism, thereby ensuring the perfection of the subsequent operation of the speed control mechanism.

[0018] As can be seen from the above, the shell-and-tube preheater for the production of carbon black for high-wear-resistant tires and its use method provided by the present invention have the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art.

[0019] By setting a number of closing parts structures distributed in a circular shape and pushed by a baffle, the operation of an electric push rod is used to synchronously push the baffle structure to move horizontally; under normal conditions, the tail gas entering the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater can fill the outside of the entire shunt pipe through the gap between the flow control section and the baffle, so as to fully preheat the crude oil inside the shunt pipe; when the electric push rod operates and drives the sieve plate to scrape the carbon deposits on the surface of the shunt pipe, the extended output shaft can also synchronously push the baffle and the closing parts, causing the inner diameter of the horn-shaped closing structure jointly composed of the inner closing plate and the rotating rod inside the closing parts to be further reduced, so as to increase the flow velocity of the introduced tail gas by reducing the inner diameter of the pipeline. At the same time, the baffle and the flow control section are misaligned. At this time, the flow velocity inside the shell-and-tube preheater increases, and the flow path of the tail gas changes, so as to directly blow on the shunt pipe. Cooperating with the operation of the sieve plate, the carbon black impurities are taken away, ensuring the preheating effect of the equipment. At the same time, the adjustability of the tail gas flow velocity inside the shell-and-tube preheater is realized, ensuring that the tail gas flow velocity inside the shell-and-tube preheater can be self-regulated according to the introduced tail gas volume, thereby reducing the adhesion rate of carbon black in the tail gas to the surface of the shunt pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 FIG. is a sectional view of the structure of the shell-and-tube preheater proposed by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 FIG. is a structural diagram of the bolt plate proposed by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 FIG. is a sectional view of the end structure of the shell-and-tube preheater proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell-and-tube preheater proposed by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 FIG. is an exploded view of the closing ring structure proposed by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the closing part structure proposed by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 FIG. is an exploded view of the closing part structure proposed by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism structure proposed by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 FIG. is an exploded view of the cleaning mechanism structure proposed by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11The present invention provides an airflow direction diagram of the speed control mechanism under normal working conditions.

[0031] Figure 12 The present invention proposes an airflow direction diagram after the speed control mechanism has a reduced diameter.

[0032] In the figure: 1. shell-and-tube preheater; 2. diverter pipe; 201. air guide port; 3. speed control mechanism; 301. closing piece; 3011. base; 3012. rotating rod; 3013. sliding adapter; 3014. inner plate; 3015. straight rod; 3016. first spring; 3017. bolt plate; 302. flow control section; 303. baffle plate; 304. connecting rod; 305. closing ring; 4. cleaning mechanism; 401. electric push rod; 402. sieve plate; 403. second spring; 404. baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0034] The present invention discloses a tube-in-tube preheater for producing carbon black for highly wear-resistant tires, which is mainly used in the scenario of carbon black production.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 12 A shell-and-tube preheater for producing carbon black for highly wear-resistant tires comprises a shell-and-tube preheater 1, a shunt pipe 2 installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1, a speed control mechanism 3 for controlling the gas flow rate and the flow area is arranged inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1, the speed control mechanism 3 comprises a plurality of groups of closing pieces 301 which are distributed in a circular shape and fixedly installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1, the closing piece 301 comprises a plurality of bases 3011 which are distributed in a circular shape and installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1, a rotating rod 3012 is rotatably installed at one end of the base 3011, and a sliding adapter 3013 is slidably installed at the other end of the base 3011.

[0036] A cleaning mechanism 4 is arranged on the outer side of the shunt pipe 2 to scrape off carbon on the surface of the shunt pipe 2 .

[0037] The exhaust gas flow rate and flow area inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1 are changed by the speed control mechanism 3, and the carbon deposits on the surface of the diverter pipe 2 are cleaned in coordination with the operation of the cleaning mechanism 4, so that the crude oil inside the diverter pipe 2 is stably preheated.

[0038] In this embodiment: During use, the shunt pipe 2 is connected to an external conveying system, and the carbon black crude oil is conveyed into the shell-and-tube preheater 1 through the shunt pipe 2. Before this, one end of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 is connected to an external carbon black reactor tail gas recovery device. As the carbon black reactor operates, the high-temperature tail gas generated by the reactor is introduced into the shell-and-tube preheater 1. Affected by the speed control mechanism 3, when the tail gas enters the interior of the shell-and-tube preheater 1, the flow rate of the tail gas will be increased on the premise of ensuring that the heat transfer area of the shunt pipe 2 remains unchanged, thereby reducing the possibility of carbon black in the tail gas adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2. And after the equipment operates for a set time, at this time, the speed control mechanism 3 is activated and increases the flow rate of the tail gas inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1 and reduces the available flow area of the tail gas by reducing the diameter, causing the tail gas to flow towards the end of the shunt pipe 2. At the same time, the cleaning mechanism 4 operates to scrape off the carbon deposits adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2, and the high-speed and high-pressure tail gas generated by the speed control mechanism 3 takes away the carbon deposits, completing the cleaning of the shunt pipe 2. The preheated crude oil is sprayed into the reactor along with the conveying system, and through the preheated high-temperature air, the crude oil is equipped with additives, and the gas undergoes incomplete combustion in the reactor to produce carbon black.

[0039] In the above solution, considering that when the carbon black smoke gas flows through the interior of the shell-and-tube preheater 1, the heat exchange through the shunt pipe 2 will cause the temperature of the smoke gas to drop and the speed to decrease, and the carbon black powder is likely to adhere to the surface of the shunt pipe 2 after being mixed with moisture. Therefore, the flow rate of the tail gas introduced into the interior of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 needs to be self-regulated according to the volume of the introduced tail gas. The specific operation is as follows.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , in a preferred embodiment, the speed control mechanism 3 further includes a flow control section 302. The flow control section 302 is opened on the outer side of one end of the shunt pipe 2 close to the closing member 301. A baffle 303 is slidably sleeved on the end of the shunt pipe 2. The baffle 303 is distributed on the outer side of the flow control section 302. A plurality of connecting rods 304 are uniformly fixed on the side surface of the baffle 303 and are connected to the side surface of the closing member 301 through the connecting rods 304.

[0041] In this embodiment: As the carbon black reactor operates, the high-temperature tail gas generated by the reactor is introduced into the internal of the shell-and-tube preheater 1. At this time, the tail gas entering the internal of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 will flow through the internal of the necking piece 301. Affected by the horn-shaped structure of the necking piece 301, the inner diameter of the pipeline is reduced to increase the flow rate of the introduced tail gas. The tail gas with increased flow rate will heat the inner and outer sides of the shunt pipe 2 simultaneously from the internal of the shunt pipe 2 and the gaps between the baffle plate 303 and the flow control section 302, so as to increase the flow rate of the tail gas on the premise of ensuring that the heat absorption area of the shunt pipe 2 remains unchanged, and reduce the possibility of carbon black in the tail gas adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2; and as the cleaning mechanism 4 operates, at this time, the baffle plate 303 will be squeezed and then push the necking piece 301 through the connecting rod 304, causing the circularly distributed necking pieces 301 to further approach and contract with each other, thereby further reducing the inner diameter of the pipeline and increasing the flow rate of the introduced tail gas. At the same time, as the baffle plate 303 is squeezed and moves, at this time, the baffle plate 303 moves out of the internal of the flow control section 302 and forms a seal with the outer side of the shunt pipe 2, so that the high-pressure and high-speed tail gas can only flow through the internal of the shunt pipe 2, thereby blowing away the carbon black scraped by the cleaning mechanism 4 together; wherein, a plurality of uniformly distributed air guide ports 201 are opened on the end face of the shunt pipe 2, and the tail gas can blow to the inner side of the shunt pipe 2 through the air guide ports 201.

[0042] Further, it is supplemented and explained that: A necking ring 305 is jointly installed on the sides of a plurality of bases 3011, and the tail gas introduced into the internal of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 will gather along the surface of the necking ring 305 and then enter the internal of the speed control mechanism 3 centrally.

[0043] Referring to Figures 6 to 8 , in a preferred embodiment, the end of the connecting rod 304 is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding adapter 3013, and the rotating rod 3012 and the top of the sliding adapter 3013 are jointly rotatably connected to an inwardly retracting plate 3014. A plurality of circularly distributed inwardly retracting plates 3014 and the rotating rod 3012 jointly form a horn-shaped necking structure.

[0044] In this embodiment: The baffle 303 is squeezed, and through the connecting rod 304, it pushes the sliding adapter 3013 to move along the inside of the base 3011. When moving, it will push the rotating rod 3012, causing the rotating rod 3012 to rotate around the base 3011, and the sliding adapter 3013 will rotate synchronously, thereby lifting the retracting plate 3014, causing the circularly distributed retracting plates 3014 to get closer to each other and contract further, thereby further reducing the inner diameter of the pipeline and increasing the velocity of the introduced tail gas flow. Among them, a straight rod 3015 is installed inside the base 3011, and a first spring 3016 is sleeved outside the straight rod 3015. The end parts of the first spring 3016 are respectively in pressing contact with the rotating rod 3012 and the sliding adapter 3013. The straight rod 3015 can guide the sliding adapter 3013, and at the same time, the first spring 3016 can push the sliding adapter 3013 that has lost the extrusion restriction to move back to its original position.

[0045] Furthermore, it is supplemented and explained that: A number of uniformly distributed bolt plates 3017 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell-and-tube preheater 1. Each bolt plate 3017 is symmetrically distributed with a base 3011, and the base 3011 is fixed inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1.

[0046] In the above solution, considering that in order to clean the carbon deposits adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2, the specific operation is as follows.

[0047] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 , in a preferred embodiment, the cleaning mechanism 4 includes an electric push rod 401 fixedly installed at the end of the shell-and-tube preheater 1. The output end of the electric push rod 401 horizontally penetrates into the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater 1. A sieve plate 402 is slidably sleeved outside the shunt pipe 2. A stopper 404 is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the electric push rod 401. The output shaft of the electric push rod 401 horizontally penetrates through the sieve plate 402 and forms a tug on the sieve plate 402 through the stopper 404.

[0048] In this embodiment: As the electric push rod 401 starts, the output shaft of the electric push rod 401 contracts, and at the same time drives the blocking member 404 to move synchronously. The moving blocking member 404 will pull the sieve plate 402 to move synchronously, and the moving sieve plate 402 will scrape off the carbon deposits adhering to the outside of the shunt pipe 2. Among them, a second spring 403 is sleeved outside the output shaft of the electric push rod 401, and the end of the second spring 403 is in pressing contact between the shunt pipe 2 and the sieve plate 402. As the sieve plate 402 completes the cleaning of the carbon deposits on the outer surface of the shunt pipe 2, at this time, the output shaft of the electric push rod 401 extends for reset. At the same time, the second spring 403 that loses the extrusion restriction will push the sieve plate 402 to move synchronously for reset. After the output shaft of the electric push rod 401 extends and resets to the normal position, it will continue to extend and push the baffle 303 through the blocking member 404.

[0049] A method for using a shell-and-tube preheater for carbon black production for high-wear-resistant tires includes the following steps.

[0050] S1: Connect the shunt pipe 2 to an external conveying system, and convey the carbon black crude oil to the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 through the shunt pipe 2. Before this, both ends of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 are connected to an external carbon black reaction furnace tail gas recovery device.

[0051] S2: As the carbon black reaction furnace operates, the high-temperature tail gas generated by the reaction furnace will be introduced into the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater 1. Affected by the speed control mechanism 3, when the tail gas enters the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater 1, the flow rate of the tail gas is increased on the premise of ensuring that the heat absorption area of the shunt pipe 2 remains unchanged, thereby reducing the possibility of carbon black in the tail gas adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2.

[0052] S3: After reaching the set time, the speed control mechanism 3 increases the flow rate of the tail gas inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1 and reduces the available flow area of the tail gas by reducing the diameter, causing the tail gas to flow towards the end of the shunt pipe 2.

[0053] S4: At the same time, the cleaning mechanism 4 operates to scrape off the carbon deposits adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2, and cooperate with the high-speed and high-pressure tail gas generated by the speed control mechanism 3 to take away the carbon deposits, completing the cleaning of the shunt pipe 2. The real-time temperature inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1 is 300°C - 400°C.

[0054] S5: The preheated crude oil is sprayed into the reaction furnace along with the conveying system, and through the preheated high-temperature air, the crude oil is equipped with additives, and the gas undergoes incomplete combustion in the reaction furnace to produce carbon black.

[0055] Working principle: During use, the shunt pipe 2 is connected to an external conveying system, and the carbon black crude oil is conveyed into the shell-and-tube preheater 1 through the shunt pipe 2. Before this, one end of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 close to the baffle 303 is connected to an external carbon black reactor tail gas recovery device, and the other end of the shell-and-tube preheater 1 is connected to the subsequent combustion reaction system. As the carbon black reactor operates, the high-temperature tail gas generated by the reactor is introduced into the shell-and-tube preheater 1. At this time, the tail gas entering the shell-and-tube preheater 1 will flow through the inside of the converging piece 301. Affected by the flared structure of the converging piece 301, the flow rate of the tail gas will increase. By reducing the inner diameter of the pipe, the flow rate of the introduced tail gas is increased. The tail gas with increased flow rate will heat the inside and outside of the shunt pipe 2 simultaneously from the inside of the shunt pipe 2 and the gap between the baffle 303 and the flow control section 302, so as to increase the flow rate of the tail gas while ensuring that the heat absorption area of the shunt pipe 2 remains unchanged, and reduce the possibility of carbon black in the tail gas adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe 2; and as the electric push rod 401 starts, the output shaft of the electric push rod 401 contracts, and at the same time drives the stopper 404 to move synchronously. The moving stopper 404 will pull the sieve plate 402 to move synchronously, and at the same time the moving sieve plate 402 scrapes off the carbon deposits adhering to the outside of the shunt pipe 2; and as the sieve plate 402 completes the cleaning of the carbon deposits on the outer surface of the shunt pipe 2, at this time the output shaft of the electric push rod 401 is reset and extended, and at the same time the second spring 403 that loses the extrusion restriction will push the sieve plate 402 to move synchronously in the reset direction. After the output shaft of the electric push rod 401 is reset and extended to the normal position, it will continue to extend, and push the baffle 303 through the stopper 404. At this time, the baffle 303 will be squeezed and then push the sliding adapter 3013 to move along the inside of the base 3011 through the connecting rod 304. During the movement, it will push the rotating rod 3012, resulting in the rotation of the rotating rod 3012 around the base 3011, and the sliding adapter 3013 will rotate synchronously, thereby lifting the inwardly retracting plate 3014, causing the circularly distributed inwardly retracting plates 3014 to further approach and contract with each other, thereby further reducing the inner diameter of the pipe and increasing the flow rate of the introduced tail gas. At the same time, as the baffle 303 is squeezed and moves, at this time the baffle 303 moves out of the flow control section 302 and forms a seal with the outside of the shunt pipe 2, so that the high-pressure and high-speed tail gas can only flow through the air guide port 201 from the inside of the shunt pipe 2, thereby blowing away the carbon black scraped off by the cleaning mechanism 4 together; among them, when the equipment is running, the flow direction of the tail gas inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1 changes as shown in Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, when the baffle plate 303 is squeezed and moves, the operator can control the contraction stroke of the inner receiving plate 3014 according to the volume of the tail gas introduced into the shell-and-tube preheater 1, so as to maintain the flow rate of the tail gas inside the shell-and-tube preheater 1 and reduce the adhesion rate of carbon black in the tail gas to the surface of the shunt pipe 2; after the cleaning of the shunt pipe 2 is completed, the preheated crude oil is sprayed into the reaction furnace along with the conveying system, and through the incomplete combustion of the preheated high-temperature air, the crude oil equipped with additives, and the fuel gas in the reaction furnace, carbon black is produced.

[0056] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high-wear-resistant tires, comprising a tubular preheater (1) and a shunt pipe (2) installed inside the tubular preheater (1), characterized in that, Inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1), a speed control mechanism (3) for controlling the gas flow rate and flow area is provided. The speed control mechanism (3) includes several groups of converging members (301) that are circularly distributed and fixedly installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1). The converging member (301) includes several bases (3011) that are circularly distributed and installed inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1). One end of the base (3011) is rotatably installed with a rotating rod (3012), and the other end of the base (3011) is slidably installed with a sliding adapter (3013). The tops of the rotating rod (3012) and the sliding adapter (3013) are jointly rotatably connected to an inwardly converging plate (3014). The several circularly distributed inwardly converging plates (3014) and the rotating rod (3012) jointly form a trumpet-shaped converging structure. On the outer side of the shunt pipe (2), a cleaning mechanism (4) for scraping the surface carbon deposits of the shunt pipe (2) is provided. By changing the tail gas flow rate and flow area inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1) through the speed control mechanism (3), and cooperating with the operation of the cleaning mechanism (4) to clean the surface carbon deposits of the shunt pipe (2), the crude oil inside the shunt pipe (2) is stably preheated.

2. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed control mechanism (3) further includes a flow control section (302). The flow control section (302) is opened on the outer side of the end of the shunt pipe (2) close to the converging member (301). A baffle plate (303) is slidably sleeved on the end of the shunt pipe (2). The baffle plate (303) is distributed on the outer side of the flow control section (302). Several connecting rods (304) are evenly fixed on the side surface of the baffle plate (303) and are connected to the side surface of the converging member (301) through the connecting rods (304).

3. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 2, wherein, The end of the connecting rod (304) is rotatably connected to the side surface of the sliding adapter (3013).

4. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, wherein, The cleaning mechanism (4) includes an electric push rod (401) fixedly installed at the end of the shell-and-tube preheater (1). The output end of the electric push rod (401) horizontally penetrates into the interior of the shell-and-tube preheater (1). A sieve plate (402) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the shunt pipe (2). A stopper (404) is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the electric push rod (401). The output shaft of the electric push rod (401) horizontally penetrates through the sieve plate (402) and forms a pull on the sieve plate (402) through the stopper (404).

5. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, wherein, Several uniformly distributed air guiding ports (201) are opened on the end face of the shunt pipe (2).

6. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, characterized in that, A converging ring (305) is jointly installed on the side surfaces of the several bases (3011).

7. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, wherein, A straight rod (3015) is installed inside the base (3011). A first spring (3016) is sleeved on the outer side of the straight rod (3015). The ends of the first spring (3016) are respectively pressed against the rotating rod (3012) and the sliding adapter (3013).

8. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of uniformly distributed bolt plates (3017) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell-and-tube preheater (1), and each of the bolt plates (3017) is symmetrically distributed with a base (3011), and the base (3011) is fixed inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1).

9. The tubular preheater for the production of carbon black for high wear-resistant tires according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second spring (403) is sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft of the electric push rod (401), and the end of the second spring (403) is in pressing contact between the shunt pipe (2) and the sieve plate (402).

10. The usage method of the shell-and-tube preheater for the production of carbon black for high-wear-resistant tires according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Connect the shunt pipe (2) to an external conveying system, and convey the carbon black crude oil to the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater (1) through the shunt pipe (2). Before that, both ends of the shell-and-tube preheater (1) are connected to an external carbon black reaction furnace tail gas recovery device; S2: As the carbon black reaction furnace operates, the high-temperature tail gas generated by the reaction furnace will be introduced into the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater (1). Affected by the speed control mechanism (3), when the tail gas enters the inside of the shell-and-tube preheater (1), the flow rate of the tail gas is increased on the premise of ensuring that the heat transfer area of the shunt pipe (2) remains unchanged, thereby reducing the possibility of carbon black in the tail gas adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe (2); S3: After reaching the set time, the speed control mechanism (3) increases the flow rate of the tail gas inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1) and reduces the available flow area of the tail gas by reducing the diameter, causing the tail gas to flow towards the end of the shunt pipe (2); S4: At the same time, the cleaning mechanism (4) operates to scrape off the carbon deposits adhering to the surface of the shunt pipe (2), and cooperate with the high-speed and high-pressure tail gas generated by the speed control mechanism (3) to take away the carbon deposits, completing the cleaning of the shunt pipe (2). The real-time temperature inside the shell-and-tube preheater (1) is 300°C - 400°C; S5: The preheated crude oil is sprayed into the reaction furnace along with the conveying system, and carbon black is produced by incomplete combustion of the preheated high-temperature air, crude oil equipped with additives, and gas in the reaction furnace.

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