Explosion-proof structure for energy storage device and energy storage device

Abstract

The invention provides an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device and the energy storage device, and relates to the technical field of energy storage devices.The explosion-proof structure comprises a mounting base, a gas protection assembly, a cooling assembly and an explosion-proof box are arranged on the upper surface of the mounting base, an explosion-proof inner shell is fixedly connected to the inner bottom face of the explosion-proof box, and a battery pack is arranged on the inner bottom face of the explosion-proof inner shell; the gas protection assembly communicates with an inner cavity of the anti-explosion inner shell, and the cooling assembly is used for cooling the inner cavity of the anti-explosion inner shell. Through the inner and outer double-layer arrangement of the explosion-proof box and the explosion-proof inner shell, the situation that after the energy storage device explodes, explosion chippings splash and hurt workers is avoided, the safety of the workers is improved, through monitoring of the explosion-proof structure and monitoring of the energy storage device, the abnormity can be found in time at the initial stage of the working state of the energy storage device, and the safety of the workers is improved. And therefore, the safety of the energy storage device is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, and in particular to an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] An energy storage device is a device used to store electrical energy. It has a battery device inside and is easy to install and transport, has a high degree of integration, occupies a small area, and has good scalability. It is an important part of the development of distributed energy, smart grids, and energy Internet in the energy storage field.

[0003] During the charging and discharging process, traditional energy storage devices are prone to overcharging, overdischarging or internal short circuits due to the instability of the chemical reaction inside the battery, which can cause the battery temperature to rise or even cause an explosion. Therefore, improving the safety of energy storage devices is an important research direction in the current field of energy storage technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device and an energy storage device, so as to solve the defect of insufficient safety of the energy storage device in the prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device, including a mounting base, a gas protection component, a cooling component and an explosion-proof box are arranged on the upper surface of the mounting base, an explosion-proof inner shell is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof box, a battery pack is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof inner shell, the gas protection component is connected to the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell, and the cooling component is used to cool the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell.

[0006] Preferably, a pressure relief pipe and an explosion-proof pipe are fixedly arranged on the explosion-proof inner shell, both of which penetrate the outer wall of the explosion-proof box, an electric control valve is installed in the pressure relief pipe, and an explosion-proof valve is arranged in the explosion-proof pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the gas protection component includes a gas tank, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting base. The gas tank stores fire-extinguishing gas. The gas tank is connected to the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell through a gas pipe 1. A control valve 1 is installed on the gas pipe 1. The gas pipe 1 is also connected to a gas pipe 2. The other end of the gas pipe 2 is connected to the atmosphere. A control valve 2 is installed on the gas pipe 2.

[0008] Preferably, an automatic control system is also included, and the automatic control system includes: A data monitoring module is used to obtain the actual environmental parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell; The automatic adjustment module implements automatic control actions based on the actual monitoring data of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell; The hidden danger alarm module is used to evaluate the safety of the energy storage device and to issue an alarm when the evaluation result shows that there is a hidden danger.

[0009] Preferably, the environmental parameters include: air temperature, gas pressure and concentration of the monitored gas, and the data monitoring module includes: A first temperature monitoring unit, used to monitor the air temperature of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell; A pressure monitoring unit, used to monitor the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell; The gas content monitoring unit is used to monitor the concentration of the monitoring gas in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell. The monitoring gases include: hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.

[0010] Preferably, the automatic control action includes: adjusting the working power of the cooling component, performing gas discharge pressure relief and ventilation, and the automatic control module includes: A temperature control unit is used to determine whether the deviation between the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell and a set standard value exceeds a set first safety threshold, and if the deviation exceeds the first safety threshold, automatically adjust the working power of the cooling component; A pressure control unit is used to determine whether the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell exceeds a set second safety threshold, and if the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell exceeds the second safety threshold, the gas is discharged to release the pressure; The gas concentration control unit is used to determine whether the monitored gas concentration in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell exceeds the corresponding gas concentration safety threshold. If the monitored gas concentration in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell exceeds the corresponding gas concentration safety threshold, ventilation is performed.

[0011] Preferably, the hidden danger alarm module includes: The fire judgment unit determines that a fire exists and executes a fire extinguishing action when the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell is greater than a preset fire judgment threshold; A first data selection unit, used to select actual environmental parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell within a certain period of time as a first evaluation data group; A hidden danger judgment unit, used to periodically calculate hidden danger judgment parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell, and obtain an assessment result of the safety of the energy storage device based on the hidden danger judgment parameters; ; Among them, Q is the hidden danger judgment parameter, and R is the total number of environmental parameters; are weighted calculation coefficients of actual values ​​of environmental parameters and rates of change of environmental parameters respectively; is the total number of data items of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the actual value of the yth data item of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the median of the allowable range of the xth environmental parameter; is the actual value of the y-1th data of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the sampling interval between two adjacent environmental parameters; is the maximum allowable rate of change of the xth environmental parameter; is the rounding symbol; When the hidden danger judgment parameter is greater than the preset hidden danger judgment threshold, the safety assessment result of the energy storage device is that there is a hidden danger; otherwise, the safety assessment result of the energy storage device is that there is no hidden danger; The alarm unit generates an alarm when the safety assessment result of the energy storage device indicates that there is a hidden danger.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention further provides an energy storage device, including a power supply control system, the power supply control system including: An operation monitoring module, used to monitor the operation parameters of the energy storage device; The power-off protection module is used to periodically obtain abnormal judgment results, and automatically stop the operation of the energy storage device when the abnormal judgment result is that an abnormality exists.

[0013] Preferably, the operating parameters include: the charge and discharge current of the energy storage device, the charge and discharge voltage of the energy storage device, and the operating temperature of the energy storage device, and the operation monitoring module includes: A current monitoring unit, used to monitor the charging and discharging current of the energy storage device; A voltage monitoring unit, used to monitor the charging and discharging voltage of the energy storage device; The second temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating temperature of the energy storage device.

[0014] Preferably, the power-off protection module includes: A second data selection unit, used to select operating parameters of the energy storage device within a certain time period as a second evaluation data group; An abnormality judgment unit, used to calculate an abnormality assessment parameter and obtain an abnormality judgment result based on the abnormality assessment parameter; ; Wherein, P is the abnormal assessment parameter; M is the number of types of operating parameters; is the weighted calculation coefficient of the i-th operating parameter; is the total number of data items in the second evaluation data group where the i-th operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value; The length of time that the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data set is greater than the maximum allowable value for the jth time; To determine the shortest duration of time that the operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value; is the maximum value of the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data set when it is greater than the maximum allowable value for the jth time; is the maximum allowable value of the ith operating parameter; is the time interval between the jth time that the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data group is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time that it is greater than the maximum allowable value; A reference value for calculating the length of time between the jth time that the preset operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time that it is greater than the maximum allowable value; When the abnormality assessment parameter is greater than the preset abnormality judgment threshold, the abnormality judgment result is that an abnormality exists, otherwise the abnormality judgment result is that no abnormality exists; The automatic power-off unit automatically stops the operation of the energy storage device when the abnormality judgment result is that an abnormality exists.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The double-layer setting of the explosion-proof box and the explosion-proof inner shell can avoid the splash of explosion debris after the energy storage device explodes, causing harm to the staff, thereby improving the safety of the staff. By monitoring the explosion-proof structure and the energy storage device, the abnormal working state of the energy storage device can be discovered in time at the early stage, so that timely maintenance can be carried out, further improving the safety of the energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Mounting base; 2. Explosion-proof box; 3. Explosion-proof inner shell; 4. Battery pack; 5. Pressure relief pipe; 6. Explosion-proof pipe; 7. Gas storage tank; 8. Gas pipe 1; 9. Control valve 1; 10. Gas pipe 2; 11. Control valve 2; 12. Circulating water tank; 13. Cooling pipeline; 14. Water pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 The present invention provides an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a mounting base 1, the upper surface of which is provided with a gas protection component, a cooling component and an explosion-proof box 2, the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof box 2 is fixedly connected with an explosion-proof inner shell 3, the battery pack 4 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof inner shell 3, the gas protection component is connected to the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3, and the cooling component is used to cool the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3.

[0022] Preferably, a pressure relief pipe 5 and an explosion-proof pipe 6 are fixedly provided on the explosion-proof inner shell 3 , and both the pressure relief pipe 5 and the explosion-proof pipe 6 penetrate the outer wall of the explosion-proof box 2 , an electric control valve is installed in the pressure relief pipe 5 , and an explosion-proof valve is provided in the explosion-proof pipe 6 .

[0023] Preferably, the gas protection component includes a gas tank 7, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting base 1. The gas tank 7 stores fire extinguishing gas. The gas tank 7 is connected to the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 through a gas pipe 8. A control valve 9 is installed on the gas pipe 8. The gas pipe 8 is also connected to a gas pipe 2 10. The other end of the gas pipe 2 10 is connected to the atmosphere. A control valve 2 11 is installed on the gas pipe 2 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, the cooling component includes a circulating water tank 12 and a cooling pipeline 13. The cooling pipeline 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof inner shell 3. The circulating water tank 12 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting base 1. The cooling pipeline 13 is connected to the water inlet and outlet of the circulating water tank 12 through a water pipe 14.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: Through the double-layer arrangement of the explosion-proof box 2 and the explosion-proof inner shell 3, even if the explosion-proof inner shell 3 is damaged by the internal explosion impact, the fragments splashed out of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 will be blocked by the explosion-proof box 2, avoiding the splashing of explosion debris to cause harm to the staff, thereby improving the safety of the staff.

[0026] By setting the pressure relief pipe 5, when the gas pressure inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3 is too high, the excess gas inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3 can be released to the outside by opening the electric control valve, thereby reducing the gas pressure inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3 and reducing the explosion probability of the energy storage device.

[0027] By setting the explosion-proof pipe 6, when the gas pressure inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3 is too high and the electric control valve fails, the pressure inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3 can be relieved by mechanical triggering, thereby avoiding explosion caused by excessive gas pressure inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3.

[0028] When a fire occurs inside the explosion-proof inner shell 3, the fire extinguishing action can be achieved by injecting fire extinguishing gas into the explosion-proof inner shell 3. When the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 needs to be ventilated, the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 is connected with the outside atmosphere by closing the control valve 1 9 and opening the control valve 2 11, thereby smoothly realizing the ventilation of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 and avoiding the danger of excessive concentration of harmful gases.

[0029] Example 2 On the basis of embodiment 1, an automatic control system is also included, and the automatic control system includes: A data monitoring module is used to obtain actual environmental parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3; The automatic adjustment module implements automatic adjustment actions based on the actual monitoring data of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3; The hidden danger alarm module is used to evaluate the safety of the energy storage device and to issue an alarm when the evaluation result shows that there is a hidden danger.

[0030] Preferably, the environmental parameters include: air temperature, gas pressure and concentration of the monitored gas, and the data monitoring module includes: The first temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3; A pressure monitoring unit, used to monitor the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3; The gas content monitoring unit is used to monitor the concentration of the monitoring gas in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3. The monitoring gases include: hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.

[0031] Preferably, the automatic control action includes: adjusting the working power of the cooling component, performing gas discharge pressure relief and ventilation, and the automatic control module includes: A temperature control unit is used to determine whether the deviation between the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 and a set standard value exceeds a set first safety threshold, and if the deviation exceeds the first safety threshold, automatically adjust the working power of the cooling component; A pressure control unit is used to determine whether the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 exceeds a set second safety threshold, and if the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 exceeds the second safety threshold, the gas is discharged to release the pressure; The gas concentration control unit is used to determine whether the monitored gas concentration in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 exceeds the corresponding gas concentration safety threshold. If the monitored gas concentration in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 exceeds the corresponding gas concentration safety threshold, ventilation is performed.

[0032] In this embodiment, gas discharge and pressure relief refers to opening the electric control valve in the pressure relief pipe 5 to discharge the gas in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 into the atmosphere.

[0033] In this embodiment, ventilation refers to opening the electric control valve in the pressure relief pipe 5, the control valve 11 on the gas supply pipe 10, and closing the control valve 9 on the gas supply pipe 8.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: By monitoring environmental parameters, it can automatically adjust when environmental parameters are abnormal, ensuring the stability of the environment in which the energy storage device is located, effectively reducing the explosion probability of the energy storage device. At the same time, by monitoring environmental parameters, it can be discovered in time at the early stage of abnormal working status of the energy storage device, so that timely maintenance can be carried out, further reducing the probability of explosion of the energy storage device.

[0035] Example 3 Based on Example 2, the hidden danger alarm module includes: The fire judgment unit determines that there is a fire and performs a fire extinguishing action when the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 is greater than a preset fire judgment threshold; A first data selection unit is used to select actual environmental parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3 within a certain period of time as a first evaluation data group; A hidden danger judgment unit, used to regularly calculate hidden danger judgment parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell 3, and obtain an assessment result of the safety of the energy storage device based on the hidden danger judgment parameters; ; Among them, Q is the hidden danger judgment parameter, and R is the total number of environmental parameters; are weighted calculation coefficients of actual values ​​of environmental parameters and rates of change of environmental parameters respectively; is the total number of data items of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the actual value of the yth data item of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the median of the allowable range of the xth environmental parameter; is the actual value of the y-1th data of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the sampling interval between two adjacent environmental parameters; is the maximum allowable rate of change of the xth environmental parameter; is the rounding symbol; When the hidden danger judgment parameter is greater than the preset hidden danger judgment threshold, the safety assessment result of the energy storage device is that there is a hidden danger; otherwise, the safety assessment result of the energy storage device is that there is no hidden danger; The alarm unit generates an alarm when the safety assessment result of the energy storage device indicates that there is a hidden danger.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing action refers to opening the control valve 9 of the gas supply pipe 8, closing the control valve 11 on the gas supply pipe 10 and the electric control valve in the pressure relief pipe 5.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: By selecting the actual environmental parameters within a certain period of time as the first evaluation data group, the stability of the environment in which the energy storage device is located can be determined, and the trend of changes in the stability of the working environment of the energy storage device can be analyzed, so as to timely discover the abnormality of the working environment in which the energy storage device is located, thereby giving an early alarm to avoid further deterioration of the working environment of the energy storage device, resulting in the energy storage device being in an abnormal working environment (when the abnormality of the working environment of the energy storage device is caused by a malfunction of the energy storage device, the abnormality of the energy storage device can be discovered in time, thereby avoiding the danger of the energy storage device continuing to work in an abnormal state), reducing the probability of explosion of the energy storage device.

[0038] By considering the actual value of the current environmental parameters and the frequency of sudden changes in the environmental parameters, the environmental parameters are evaluated in two aspects, thereby evaluating the stability of the environmental parameters in multiple dimensions, and then inferring whether there are hidden dangers in the energy storage device, thereby improving the accuracy of the assessment of the degree of hidden dangers of the energy storage device.

[0039] Example 4 An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage device, including an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device as described in any one of Embodiments 1-3, including a power supply control system, the power supply control system including: An operation monitoring module, used to monitor the operation parameters of the energy storage device; The power-off protection module is used to periodically obtain abnormal judgment results, and automatically stop the operation of the energy storage device when the abnormal judgment result is that an abnormality exists.

[0040] Preferably, the operating parameters include: the charge and discharge current of the energy storage device, the charge and discharge voltage of the energy storage device, and the operating temperature of the energy storage device, and the operation monitoring module includes: A current monitoring unit, used to monitor the charging and discharging current of the energy storage device; A voltage monitoring unit, used to monitor the charging and discharging voltage of the energy storage device; The second temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating temperature of the energy storage device.

[0041] Preferably, the power-off protection module includes: A second data selection unit, used to select operating parameters of the energy storage device within a certain time period as a second evaluation data group; An abnormality judgment unit, used to calculate an abnormality assessment parameter and obtain an abnormality judgment result based on the abnormality assessment parameter; ; Wherein, P is the abnormal assessment parameter; M is the number of types of operating parameters; is the weighted calculation coefficient of the i-th operating parameter; is the total number of data items in the second evaluation data group where the i-th operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value; The length of time that the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data set is greater than the maximum allowable value for the jth time; To determine the shortest duration of time that the operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value; is the maximum value of the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data set when it is greater than the maximum allowable value for the jth time; is the maximum allowable value of the ith operating parameter; is the time interval between the jth time that the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data group is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time that it is greater than the maximum allowable value; A reference value for calculating the length of time between the jth time that the preset operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time that it is greater than the maximum allowable value; When the abnormality assessment parameter is greater than the preset abnormality judgment threshold, the abnormality judgment result is that an abnormality exists, otherwise the abnormality judgment result is that no abnormality exists; The automatic power-off unit automatically stops the operation of the energy storage device when the abnormality judgment result is that an abnormality exists.

[0042] In this embodiment, the time interval between the first time the operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time it is greater than the maximum allowable value is the time length from the timing zero point of the evaluation data group to the first time the operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value.

[0043] In this embodiment, the calculated reference value of the time interval between the jth time the preset operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time it was greater than the maximum allowable value means that when the time interval between the operating parameter being greater than the maximum allowable value twice is the calculated reference value, the correction coefficient for the operating parameter exceeding the maximum allowable value is exactly 1.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: By real-time monitoring of the operating parameters of the energy storage device, by regularly selecting the operating parameters of the energy storage device within a certain period of time to evaluate the degree of abnormal operation of the energy storage device, and by analyzing the frequency, degree of abnormality, and duration of abnormal operating parameters (operating parameters exceeding the corresponding allowable range) of the energy storage device, through multi-dimensional analysis, potential problems can be discovered earlier, and it can be determined whether the current energy storage device is operating normally, and thus the abnormal operation of the energy storage device can be discovered earlier. By performing trend analysis on changes in key parameters such as temperature, air pressure, and gas concentration, the reliability of the prediction results can be effectively improved, and significant deviations in the prediction results caused by fluctuations in a single data can be avoided, and the accuracy of the prediction results can be improved, so that the energy storage device can be repaired in a planned manner to reduce sudden failures of the energy storage device and improve the safety of the energy storage device.

[0045] By dynamically monitoring the changing trends of temperature, air pressure, and gas concentration, the probability of hidden dangers in energy storage devices can be evaluated in real time. When the changing trend of any parameter is abnormal, the system can issue an early warning to reduce the risk of equipment failure or accidents. This method improves the real-time nature of equipment monitoring and avoids the limitations of traditional monitoring that relies only on static data.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting base (1), wherein a gas protection component, a cooling component and an explosion-proof box (2) are arranged on the upper surface of the mounting base (1), an explosion-proof inner shell (3) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof box (2), a battery pack (4) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the explosion-proof inner shell (3), the gas protection component is connected to the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3), and the cooling component is used to cool the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3).

2. An explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief pipe (5) and an explosion-proof pipe (6) are fixedly arranged on the explosion-proof inner shell (3). The pressure relief pipe (5) and the explosion-proof pipe (6) both penetrate the outer wall of the explosion-proof box (2). An electric control valve is installed in the pressure relief pipe (5), and an explosion-proof valve is arranged in the explosion-proof pipe (6).

3. The explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas protection assembly comprises a gas storage tank (7), the gas storage tank (7) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting base (1), the gas storage tank (7) stores fire extinguishing gas, the gas storage tank (7) is connected to the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) through a gas transmission pipe (8), a control valve (9) is installed on the gas transmission pipe (8), the gas transmission pipe (8) is also connected to a gas transmission pipe (10), the other end of the gas transmission pipe (10) is connected to the atmosphere, and a control valve (11) is installed on the gas transmission pipe (10).

4. An explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an automatic control system, which includes: A data monitoring module, used to obtain actual environmental parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3); An automatic adjustment module implements automatic adjustment actions based on actual monitoring data of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3); The hidden danger alarm module is used to evaluate the safety of the energy storage device and to issue an alarm when the evaluation result shows that there is a hidden danger.

5. An explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Environmental parameters include: air temperature, gas pressure and concentration of monitored gas. Data monitoring modules include: A first temperature monitoring unit, used to monitor the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3); A pressure monitoring unit, used to monitor the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3); The gas content monitoring unit is used to monitor the concentration of the monitoring gas in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3), and the monitoring gas includes: hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.

6. An explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The automatic control actions include: adjusting the working power of the cooling components, performing gas discharge and pressure relief, and performing ventilation. The automatic control module includes: A temperature control unit, used to determine whether a deviation between the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) and a set standard value exceeds a set first safety threshold, and automatically adjust the working power of the cooling component if the deviation exceeds the first safety threshold; A pressure control unit, used to determine whether the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) exceeds a set second safety threshold, and if the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) exceeds the second safety threshold, discharge the gas to release the pressure; The gas concentration control unit is used to determine whether the monitored gas concentration in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) exceeds the corresponding gas concentration safety threshold, and if the monitored gas concentration in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) exceeds the corresponding gas concentration safety threshold, ventilation is performed.

7. An explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hidden danger alarm module includes: A fire judgment unit, which judges that a fire exists and executes a fire extinguishing action when the air temperature in the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) is greater than a preset fire judgment threshold; A first data selection unit, used for selecting actual environmental parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3) within a certain period of time as a first evaluation data group; A hidden danger judgment unit, used for periodically calculating hidden danger judgment parameters of the inner cavity of the explosion-proof inner shell (3), and obtaining an assessment result of the safety of the energy storage device based on the hidden danger judgment parameters; ; Among them, Q is the hidden danger judgment parameter, and R is the total number of environmental parameters; are weighted calculation coefficients of actual values ​​of environmental parameters and rates of change of environmental parameters respectively; is the total number of data items of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the actual value of the yth data item of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the median of the allowable range of the xth environmental parameter; is the actual value of the y-1th data of the xth environmental parameter in the first evaluation data group; is the sampling interval between two adjacent environmental parameters; is the maximum allowable rate of change of the xth environmental parameter; is the rounding symbol; When the hidden danger judgment parameter is greater than the preset hidden danger judgment threshold, the safety assessment result of the energy storage device is that there is a hidden danger; otherwise, the safety assessment result of the energy storage device is that there is no hidden danger; The alarm unit generates an alarm when the safety assessment result of the energy storage device indicates that there is a hidden danger.

8. An energy storage device, comprising an explosion-proof structure for an energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including power control system, the power control system includes: An operation monitoring module, used to monitor the operation parameters of the energy storage device; The power-off protection module is used to periodically obtain abnormal judgment results, and automatically stop the operation of the energy storage device when the abnormal judgment result is that an abnormality exists.

9. An energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The operating parameters include: the charge and discharge current of the energy storage device, the charge and discharge voltage of the energy storage device, and the operating temperature of the energy storage device. The operation monitoring module includes: A current monitoring unit, used to monitor the charging and discharging current of the energy storage device; A voltage monitoring unit, used to monitor the charging and discharging voltage of the energy storage device; The second temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating temperature of the energy storage device.

10. An energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power failure protection module includes: A second data selection unit, used to select operating parameters of the energy storage device within a certain time period as a second evaluation data group; An abnormality judgment unit, used to calculate an abnormality assessment parameter and obtain an abnormality judgment result based on the abnormality assessment parameter; ; Wherein, P is the abnormal assessment parameter; M is the number of types of operating parameters; is the weighted calculation coefficient of the i-th operating parameter; is the total number of data items in the second evaluation data group where the i-th operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value; The length of time that the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data set is greater than the maximum allowable value for the jth time; To determine the shortest duration of time that the operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value; is the maximum value of the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data set when it is greater than the maximum allowable value for the jth time; is the maximum allowable value of the ith operating parameter; is the time interval between the jth time that the i-th operating parameter in the second evaluation data group is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time that it is greater than the maximum allowable value; A reference value for calculating the length of time between the jth time that the preset operating parameter is greater than the maximum allowable value and the last time that it is greater than the maximum allowable value; When the abnormality assessment parameter is greater than the preset abnormality judgment threshold, the abnormality judgment result is that an abnormality exists, otherwise the abnormality judgment result is that no abnormality exists; The automatic power-off unit automatically stops the operation of the energy storage device when the abnormality judgment result is that an abnormality exists.

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