An Electrochemical Energy Storage - Multi - time - scale Nested Complementary Scheduling Method for Water, Wind and Solar

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electro-chemical energy storage - water-wind-solar multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method, which includes establishing a day-ahead water-wind-solar complementary scheduling model with the goal of maximizing the daily power generation benefit; constructing an intra-day water-wind-solar complementary scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the sum of the water consumption for the whole hydropower station's power generation, the start-stop of the units, and the penalty water consumption for crossing the vibration area, so as to reduce the risk of frequent unit start-stop; establishing a real-time electro-chemical energy storage - water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimization scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, reducing the risk of curtailment and abandonment of electricity in the complementary system and the self-scheduling risk of hydropower; through day-ahead - intra-day - real-time multi-time-scale nested scheduling and hierarchical information feedback, it can meet the flexible adjustment requirements at different time scales and guide the coordinated scheduling operation of hydropower stations and electro-chemical energy storage. This method can meet the scheduling requirements of the multi-energy complementary system at different time scales, improve the wind-solar power consumption level and the power supply reliability of the system, and reduce the hydropower scheduling risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of multiple energy sources, and relates to an electrochemical energy storage - water - wind - solar multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method. Background Art

[0002] The high - proportion grid connection of wind power and photovoltaic power has exacerbated the contradiction between new - energy consumption and the safe and stable operation of the power system. The power system faces flexible regulation requirements at different time scales. Hydropower has the characteristics of rapid start - stop and flexible operation. Large - scale reservoir hydropower stations can meet the flexible regulation requirements of wind and solar energy for long time, large capacity and across seasons. However, due to the specific performance and limited capacity of hydropower units, the load response speed is limited. Electrochemical energy storage, on the other hand, has more flexible and rapid real - time response and short - term support capabilities. Cooperating it with hydropower can significantly reduce the scheduling risks brought by insufficient flexibility of the system. Therefore, implementing electrochemical energy storage - water - wind - solar multi - energy complementary scheduling, synergistically exerting the huge scale effect of cascade hydropower and the rapid response advantage of electrochemical energy storage, and forming multi - scale flexible regulation capabilities is of great significance for further enhancing the renewable - energy consumption capacity and improving the safe operation level of the power system.

[0003] However, the current technologies still mainly focus on the complementary scheduling of single technologies such as conventional cascade hydropower stations, pumped - storage power stations or electrochemical energy - storage power stations with wind and solar energy. There is less research on the coordinated operation of hydropower stations and electrochemical energy - storage power stations. Moreover, the output characteristics and control strategies of hydropower units and electrochemical energy - storage power stations are significantly different. The single - time - scale coordinated control strategy cannot ensure the optimization of system benefits. Facing the flexibility demand gap brought by large - scale new - energy grid connection, it is urgent to comprehensively consider the matching relationship between regulation demands and regulation resources at multiple time scales and propose an optimal scheduling method that couples the advantages of cascade hydropower stations and electrochemical energy storage for multi - scale coordinated regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: The object of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical energy storage - water - wind - solar multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method to guide the multi - scale coordinated operation of cascade hydropower stations and electrochemical energy storage to meet the multi - time - scale regulation demands of wind and solar energy.

[0005] Technical Solution: The electrochemical energy storage - water - wind - solar multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] Establish a day - ahead water - wind - solar multi - energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of maximizing daily power generation benefits, and compensate and regulate the natural uncertainty of wind and solar power output to guide the formulation of the day - ahead combined power generation plan for the multi - energy complementary system;

[0007] Establish an intraday hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the sum of the total power generation water consumption of the hydropower station during the scheduling period, the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and vibration zone crossing, to guide the hydropower station in formulating unit start-stop plans and power output distribution plans;

[0008] Propose a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage, establish a real-time electrochemical energy storage-hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, use the electrochemical energy storage to access the hydropower-wind-solar complementary system, complement the flexibility advantages of hydropower units, reduce the self-scheduling risk caused by the hydropower alone adjusting the wind-solar prediction deviation, and track the system load command in real time to reduce the curtailment risk of the complementary system;

[0009] Establish a multi-time scale nested scheduling model and nested mechanism for day-ahead - intraday - real-time. Through the generation plan, realize the nesting of the day-ahead scheduling model and the intraday scheduling model, and through the unit start-stop plan and power output distribution plan, realize the nesting of the intraday scheduling model and the real-time scheduling model. At the same time, the real-time scheduling model feeds back the final power output distribution of the hydropower unit to the intraday scheduling model, and the intraday scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and power output distribution plan to the day-ahead scheduling model, to achieve hierarchical control of the scheduling risks at different time scales of the complementary system.

[0010] Furthermore, the objective function of the day-ahead hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model is:

[0011] ,

[0012] Among them, is the combined daily power generation benefit of hydropower, wind and solar; is the th day and the th time period; 、 、 are the wind power, photovoltaic power and hydropower output of the hydropower station in the th time period respectively; 、 、 are the on-grid electricity prices of wind power, photovoltaic power and hydropower respectively; is the number of intraday time periods; is the time interval.

[0013] Furthermore, the objective function of the intraday hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model is:

[0014] ,

[0015] Among them, is the sum of the total power generation water consumption of the hydropower station and the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and vibration zone crossing of the hydropower unit; is the number of intraday time periods; is the number of hydro-generating units; is the on / off state of hydro-generating units during is the on / off state of hydro-generating units during is the water consumption when the generating head is equal to and the th hydro-generating unit undertakes the load ; , are respectively the penalty water consumptions for starting and stopping of the th hydro-generating unit; is the number of times the th hydro-generating unit crosses the vibration zone from to ; is the penalty water consumption corresponding to the th hydro-generating unit crossing the vibration zone once.

[0016] Furthermore, the comprehensive flexibility quantification index of hydro-generating units and electrochemical energy storage is expressed as:

[0017] ,

[0018] where is the comprehensive flexibility quantification index of hydro-generating units and electrochemical energy storage during is the flexibility quantification index of the hydropower station during is the flexibility quantification index of electrochemical energy storage during

[0019] The flexibility quantification index of the hydropower station is expressed as:

[0020] ,

[0021] where , are respectively the upward and downward regulation flexibilities of the th hydro-generating unit during ; is the width of the output corridor where the th hydro-generating unit is located during ; is the number of operating hydro-generating units during is to take the absolute value;

[0022] Flexibility Quantification Index for Electrochemical Energy Storage It is expressed as:

[0023] ,

[0024] wherein, and are respectively the dischargeable amount and rechargeable amount of the electrochemical energy storage during the period; is the total adjustable capacity that the electrochemical energy storage can participate in regulation.

[0025] Furthermore, a day-ahead - intra-day - real-time multi-time scale nested scheduling model and nested mechanism are established, including:

[0026] The day-ahead and intra-day optimal scheduling models are nested through the generation plan. The day-ahead scheduling comprehensively considers the power compensation regulation of water, wind, and light to declare the day-ahead generation plan. The intra-day scheduling aims to complete the day-ahead generation plan, considering the start-stop and output change factors of the units during the scheduling period, and dynamically allocates the output of the hydro-generating units; the intra-day and real-time optimal scheduling models are nested through the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan. The intra-day scheduling determines the optimal start-stop plan and output plan of the units for different scheduling periods, and the real-time scheduling determines the optimal output plan of the hydro-generating units and the charge-discharge strategy of the electrochemical energy storage; meanwhile, the real-time scheduling feeds back the final output allocation of the hydro-generating units to the intra-day optimal scheduling model, and the intra-day optimal scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan to the day-ahead optimal scheduling model, realizing the multi-energy and multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling of the electrochemical energy storage - water, wind, and light.

[0027] Furthermore, the intra-day multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model for water, wind, and light realizes the dynamic allocation process of the output of hydro-generating units. First, a database of the unit static load allocation table for each unit under different unit start-stop combinations, generating heads, and total hydropower station output is established. During the actual operation of the intra-day multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model for water, wind, and light, according to the total output of the hydropower station, generating head, and feasible unit startup combinations, a feasible unit output allocation plan is directly obtained from the database; then, from the feasible combinations of the unit output allocation plan, through traversal search, the optimal start-stop plan and output plan of the units for different scheduling periods are determined with the goal of minimizing the total water consumption during the scheduling period; based on the rolling update results of the scheduling period, this model will determine the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan for a future predetermined time, and finally only execute the start-stop arrangement and output plan for the first scheduling period.

[0028] The electrochemical energy storage - water, wind, and light multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling system described in the present invention includes:

[0029] A day-ahead scheduling model construction unit, which is used to establish a day-ahead optimal scheduling model for water-wind-solar multi-energy complementarity aiming at maximizing the daily power generation benefit, compensate and regulate the natural uncertainty of wind and solar power output, so as to guide the formulation of the day-ahead combined power generation plan for the multi-energy complementarity system;

[0030] An intra-day scheduling model construction unit, which is used to establish an intra-day optimal scheduling model for water-wind-solar multi-energy complementarity aiming at minimizing the sum of the water consumption for the whole hydropower station's power generation, the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and crossing the vibration area during the scheduling period, and guide the hydropower station to formulate the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan;

[0031] A real-time scheduling model construction unit, which is used to propose a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage, establish a real-time electrochemical energy storage-water-wind-solar multi-energy complementarity optimal scheduling model aiming at minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, use the electrochemical energy storage to access the water-wind-solar complementary system, complement the flexibility advantages with hydropower units, reduce the self-scheduling risk caused by the hydropower's separate regulation of the wind and solar power prediction deviation, and track the system load command in real time to reduce the curtailment and abandonment risk of the complementary system;

[0032] A nested model construction and nested scheduling unit, which is used to establish a day-ahead-intra-day-real-time multi-time-scale nested scheduling model and a step-by-step information feedback mechanism, realize the nesting of the day-ahead scheduling model and the intra-day scheduling model through the power generation plan, realize the nesting of the intra-day scheduling model and the real-time scheduling model through the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan, and at the same time, the real-time scheduling model feeds back the final output allocation of the hydropower unit to the intra-day scheduling model, and the intra-day scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan to the day-ahead scheduling model, so as to realize the hierarchical control of the scheduling risks at different time scales of the complementary system.

[0033] An electronic device according to the present invention, the device includes:

[0034] A memory storing executable program code;

[0035] A processor coupled to the memory;

[0036] The processor calls the executable program code stored in the memory and executes the steps of the electrochemical energy storage-water-wind-solar multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method.

[0037] A computer-readable storage medium according to the present invention, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are called, they are used to execute the steps of the electrochemical energy storage-water-wind-solar multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method.

[0038] A computer program product according to the present invention includes a computer program / instructions, and when the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the electrochemically energy-stored - water-wind-solar multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method are implemented.

[0039] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the remarkable technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] (1) The proposed day-ahead - intra-day - real-time multi-time-scale nested scheduling model meets the scheduling requirements of the electrochemically energy-stored - water-wind-solar complementary system at different time scales. The day-ahead model can ensure the optimal power compensation benefit of the complementary system at the day-ahead scale; the intra-day model can minimize the risk of frequent start-stop of hydropower units caused by complementary wind and solar within the foreseeable period on the premise of meeting the power generation plan; the real-time model can minimize the scheduling risk of hydropower itself caused by separately adjusting the wind and solar forecast deviation, and reduce the risk of abandoned electricity in the complementary system by tracking the system load command in real time;

[0041] (2) The electrochemically energy-stored - water-wind-solar complementary multi-time-scale nested scheduling method not only compensates for the random fluctuation characteristics of wind and solar power generation once during the day-ahead - intra-day scheduling stage, improving the output smoothness of the complementary system, but also compensates for the prediction uncertainty of wind and solar power generation twice at the real-time level by using the flexible regulation capabilities of electrochemically energy-stored and hydropower units. While improving the wind and solar power consumption level and the power supply reliability of the complementary system, it reduces the risk of frequent crossing of the vibration area of hydropower units caused by separately responding to the wind and solar forecast deviation. Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 is the flexibility supply-demand framework of the multi-energy complementary system;

[0043] Figure 2 is the flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 is the multi-energy complementary multi-time-scale nested scheduling model framework. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments: To make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0046] As Figure 1As shown in the flexibility supply-demand framework of the multi-energy complementary system, the multi-energy complementary system faces flexibility regulation demands at different time scales. Considering that conventional hydropower units have a large power regulation range and a long duration, they can provide relatively stable energy for the system. However, their response time is longer than that of energy storage devices and they are suitable for large-capacity and long-term support. Electrochemical energy storage has a faster flexible response ability, but the overall scale is very small and it can only provide short-term support on the time scale of several hours, mainly used to respond to short-term and ultra-short-term load fluctuations. Therefore, the present invention proposes an electrochemical energy storage - water-wind-solar multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling method, using cascade hydropower stations to respond to the fluctuations of wind and solar power output on the daily and intraday scales, and using hydropower - electrochemical energy storage to respond to the fluctuations of wind and solar power output on the real-time scale.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the electrochemical energy storage - water-wind-solar multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling method described in the present invention includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Establish a day-ahead water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model (abbreviation: day-ahead scheduling model);

[0049] Considering the day-ahead wind and solar power forecast information, establish a day-ahead water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the maximum daily power generation benefit as the goal, give full play to the power compensation effect of hydropower on wind and solar power, and compensate and regulate the natural uncertainty of wind and solar power output to guide the formulation of the day-ahead combined power generation plan for the multi-energy complementary system.

[0050] (1) Objective function:

[0051] The core of the day-ahead water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model is to utilize the storage and regulation ability of hydropower to compensate and regulate the natural uncertainties such as randomness, intermittency, and volatility of wind and solar power output, change the long-term water level control mode of the reservoir, and improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency. The day-ahead water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model takes a day as the scheduling period and 15 minutes as the scheduling time interval, takes the maximum combined daily power generation benefit of water-wind-solar power as the scheduling goal, and takes the reservoir storage capacity as the decision variable. Its objective function is shown in Equation (1):

[0052] (1),

[0053] where is the combined daily power generation benefit of water-wind-solar power; is the th time interval of the th day; , , , are the wind power, photovoltaic power, and hydropower output of the hydropower station at the th time interval respectively; , are the on-grid electricity prices of wind power, photovoltaic power, and hydropower respectively; is the number of intraday periods; is the short-term scheduling period.

[0054] (2)Constraints:

[0055] In addition to satisfying the constraints such as water balance, upper and lower limits of reservoir capacity, upper and lower limits of outflow discharge, upper and lower limits of power generation output, and reservoir characteristic curves in the hydropower station reservoir scheduling, the day-ahead multi-energy complementary optimization scheduling model of hydropower, wind power and photovoltaic also needs to satisfy the constraints of installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic, and the constraints of power grid external transmission channels, etc.;

[0056] (21)Water balance constraint:

[0057] (2),

[0058] Among them, 、 are the initial and final reservoir capacities at the period respectively; 、 are the inflow and outflow discharges of the reservoir at the period respectively; is the time interval.

[0059] (22)Reservoir capacity constraint:

[0060] (3),

[0061] Among them, is the dead storage capacity of the reservoir; is the maximum allowable reservoir capacity at the period. During the flood season, it is the reservoir capacity corresponding to the flood control limiting water level, and in other periods, it is the reservoir capacity corresponding to the normal storage water level.

[0062] (23)Outflow discharge range constraint:

[0063] (4),

[0064] Among them, is the minimum ecological water demand flow of the downstream; is the maximum allowable downstream discharge.

[0065] (24)Power generation flow constraint:

[0066] (5),

[0067] Among them, is the minimum power generation flow; is the maximum power generation flow; is the power generation flow at the period.

[0068] (25) Power output constraint of power station:

[0069] (6),

[0070] (7),

[0071] (8),

[0072] Among them, , , are respectively The power outputs of the hydropower station, wind power station, and photovoltaic power station during the time period; , , are respectively the minimum power outputs of the hydropower station, wind power station, and photovoltaic power station; , , are respectively the maximum power outputs of the hydropower station, wind power station, and photovoltaic power station.

[0073] (26) Grid external transmission channel constraint:

[0074] (9),

[0075] Among them, , , are respectively The power outputs of the hydropower station, wind power station, and photovoltaic power station during the time period; is the transmission channel capacity.

[0076] S2. Establish an intraday hydropower, wind, and solar energy multi - energy complementary optimal scheduling model (abbreviation: intraday scheduling model);

[0077] Considering the rolling update prediction information of the future 1 - hour wind and solar energy every 15 minutes, establish an intraday hydropower, wind, and solar energy multi - energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the sum of the water consumption of the whole hydropower station during the scheduling period, the start - up and shutdown of units, and the penalty water consumption for crossing the vibration area, so as to guide the hydropower station to formulate a reasonable unit start - up and shutdown plan and power output distribution plan, and reduce the risk of frequent unit start - up and shutdown of hydropower due to complementary wind and solar energy during the foresight period.

[0078] (1) Objective function:

[0079] The intraday scheduling model combines the 1-hour rolling updated forecast information of wind and light, with a 1-hour scheduling period and a 15-minute scheduling interval. Considering that the output of the hydropower station changes violently due to the complementary wind and light, bringing risks such as frequent start-stop of hydropower units and crossing the vibration area, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the power generation water consumption of the whole hydropower station and the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and crossing the vibration area within the scheduling period, the start-stop plan and output distribution plan of the hydropower station under the water-wind-light complementary mode are formulated, and the objective function is formed as follows:

[0080] (10),

[0081] Among them, is the sum of the power generation water consumption of the whole hydropower station and the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and crossing the vibration area; is the number of intraday time periods; is the number of hydropower units; is the on-off state of the th hydropower unit in the time period, taking 1 for startup and 0 for shutdown; is the on-off state of the th hydropower unit in the time period, taking 1 for startup and 0 for shutdown; is the water consumption of the th hydropower unit when the power generation head is equal to 、 and are the startup and shutdown penalty water consumptions of the th hydropower unit respectively; is the number of times the th hydropower unit crosses the vibration area from the time period to the time period; is the penalty water consumption corresponding to the

[0082] (2)Constraint conditions:

[0083] (21)Hydropower station output boundary constraint:

[0084] (11),

[0085] (12),

[0086] Among them, is the output that the hydropower station needs to bear in the time period; is the total planned output of water-wind-light in the , are respectively wind power and PV power outputs during the time period; is the output of the th hydropower unit during the time period; is the number of hydropower units.

[0087] (22) Output constraint of hydropower units:

[0088] (13),

[0089] wherein, is the output of the th hydropower unit during the time period; is the generating head of the th hydropower unit during the time period; is the generating flow of the th hydropower unit during the time period.

[0090] (23) Vibration zone constraint:

[0091] (14),

[0092] (15),

[0093] (16),

[0094] wherein, , are respectively the maximum and minimum output limits of the th hydropower unit during the time period; is the lower limit of the first vibration zone of the th hydropower unit during the time period; is the upper limit of the th vibration zone of the hydropower unit during the time period; is the lower limit of the th vibration zone of the hydropower unit during the time period; is the upper limit of the th vibration zone of the hydropower unit during the time period; is the number of vibration zones of the hydropower station.

[0095]

[0095] ​(24) Shortest start-up and shutdown time constraint:

[0096] (17),

[0097] (18),

[0098] Among them, and are respectively the continuous start-up time and continuous shutdown time of the th hydropower unit up to the time period; and are respectively the shortest start-up and shortest shutdown times of the th hydropower unit.

[0099] (25) Maximum ramping constraint:

[0100] (19),

[0101] Among them, is the maximum ramping value of the th hydropower unit; is the output of the th hydropower unit at the time period.

[0102] S3. Establish a real-time electrochemical energy storage - water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model (abbreviation: real-time scheduling model);

[0103] Since there are still prediction deviations in the ultra-short-term output of wind and solar, the real-time electrochemical energy storage - water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary scheduling needs to adjust the output distribution of hydropower units, and at the same time use the electrochemical energy storage battery to store or release electricity to respond to the ultra-short-term prediction deviation, so as to meet the real-time load instruction issued by the power grid. Therefore, the load deviation that the multi-energy complementary system needs to adjust is the deviation between the ultra-short-term predicted output of wind and solar and the real-time output , where is the predicted wind power output at the time period, is the actual wind power output at the time period, is the predicted photovoltaic output at the time period, is the Actual photovoltaic output during a period. In the water-wind-solar complementary mode, if only hydropower is used to respond to the deviation of wind-solar power prediction, the hydropower units will face the risk of frequently crossing the vibration zone during the process of adjusting the output. In order to minimize the occurrence of adverse conditions of hydropower units crossing the vibration zone caused thereby, real-time dispatching utilizes the access of electrochemical energy storage to the water-wind-solar complementary system, which complements the flexibility advantages of hydropower units, and establishes a real-time electrochemical energy storage-water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary dispatching model. The research proposes a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage, establishes a real-time electrochemical energy storage-water-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal dispatching model with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, utilizes the access of electrochemical energy storage to the water-wind-solar complementary system, which complements the flexibility advantages of hydropower units, and through the coordinated dispatching of hydropower and electrochemical energy storage, reduces the self-dispatching risk caused by hydropower alone adjusting the deviation of wind-solar power prediction, and real-time tracks the system load command to reduce the risk of curtailed power in the complementary system.

[0104] (1) Objective function:

[0105] The uncertainty of future wind-solar power output leads to uncertain regulation flexibility requirements, and it is necessary to provide sufficient regulation flexibility supply in both the upward and downward directions. Based on this, a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for the coordinated regulation of hydropower and electrochemical energy storage is proposed, as shown in Equation (20). The smaller the value of the comprehensive flexibility, the better the comprehensive flexibility of hydropower-electrochemical energy storage.

[0106] Among them, the regulation flexibility of hydropower is restricted by the vibration zone of the unit, and the output of the unit will fall into different output corridors. In order to avoid the influence of different output corridors on the flexibility of hydropower, the formula is normalized to form a hydropower flexibility quantification index, as shown in Equation (21); the regulation flexibility of electrochemical energy storage is mainly restricted by its dischargeable capacity and rechargeable capacity, and the calculation method of its flexible quantification index is shown in Equation (22);

[0107] (20),

[0108] (21),

[0109] (22),

[0110] Among them, is the comprehensive flexibility quantification index of hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage during the is the flexibility quantification index of the hydropower station during the is the flexibility quantification index of electrochemical energy storage during the 、 are respectively the th hydropower unit at Flexibility in adjusting time periods upwards and downwards; For the Hydropower units in The width of the output corridor (formed by unit operation constraints) in the time period; for Number of hydropower units in operation during the period; 、 Electrochemical energy storage is The dischargeable and rechargeable amounts during the time period; For electrochemical energy storage, it can participate in regulating the total capacity; To take the absolute value.

[0111] (2) Constraints:

[0112] In addition to meeting the relevant constraints of reservoirs, hydropower stations and hydropower units described before and during the day, the real-time scheduling model also needs to meet the relevant constraints of electrochemical energy storage batteries and the boundary conditions provided by the intraday scheduling model.

[0113] (21) Energy balance constraints of electrochemical energy storage:

[0114] (twenty three),

[0115] (twenty four),

[0116] in, for The remaining capacity of the electrochemical energy storage at the end of the time period; for The remaining capacity of the electrochemical energy storage at the end of the time period; is the charge and discharge power of electrochemical energy storage (charging is positive, discharging is negative); 、 are the charging efficiency and discharging efficiency of electrochemical energy storage respectively; is the time interval.

[0117] (22) Avoid overcharge and overdischarge constraints:

[0118] (25),

[0119] (26),

[0120] in, 、 are the maximum and minimum charge rates of electrochemical energy storage, respectively; for The charge rate of electrochemical energy storage during the time period; is the rated capacity of the energy storage battery.

[0121] (23) Avoid frequent start-stop constraints of the unit:

[0122] (27),

[0123] Among them, and are respectively the start-stop status of the real-time scheduling model for the nth hydropower unit during a certain period and the start-stop status of the intraday scheduling model.

[0124] S4. Establish day-ahead-intraday-real-time multi-time-scale nested scheduling and step-by-step information feedback;

[0125] Multi-energy complementary scheduling is a multi-dimensional, non-convex, non-linear optimization problem, which contains various decision variables, including reservoir scheduling, unit start-stop plans, unit output allocation, and charge-discharge power of electrochemical energy storage at different time scales. The present invention uses the DP algorithm for solving, but the "curse of dimensionality" problem may occur during the model solving process when using the DP algorithm. To avoid this problem, the present invention adopts a hierarchical control method for the multi-time-scale nested model, as follows:

[0126] (1) The day-ahead scheduling model considers the complementary characteristics of hydropower and wind-solar power. The scheduling period is 1 day, and the scheduling interval is 15 minutes. With the maximum daily power generation benefit of the hydropower-wind-solar power combination as the scheduling objective and the reservoir storage capacity as the decision variable, DP traversal search is used to maximize the daily power generation of the multi-energy complementary system.

[0127] (2) The intraday scheduling model has a scheduling period of 1 hour and a scheduling interval of 15 minutes. This model considers factors such as the start-stop and output changes of the units during the scheduling period and is a dynamic allocation process of the output of hydropower units. To improve the computational efficiency of the algorithm, a database of the static load distribution tables of each unit under different unit start-stop combinations, generating heads, and total hydropower station output is first established. During the actual operation of the intraday scheduling model, according to the total output of the hydropower station, the generating head, and the feasible unit startup combinations, a feasible unit output allocation plan is directly obtained from the database. Then, from the feasible combinations of the unit output allocation plan, through DP traversal search, the optimal start-stop plan and output plan of the units in different scheduling intervals are determined with the objective of minimizing the total water consumption during the scheduling period. The results of this model are updated every 15 minutes, and the start-stop plan and output allocation plan of the units within the next hour will be determined. Finally, only the start-stop arrangement and output plan for the first scheduling interval, that is, the next 15 minutes, will be executed.

[0128] (3) The scheduling period of the real-time scheduling model is 15 minutes, and the scheduling time interval is 5 minutes. Aiming at the optimal comprehensive flexibility of the hydropower-electrochemical energy storage at the end of the scheduling time interval, the optimal hydropower unit output plan and the charge and discharge strategy of the electrochemical energy storage are determined through DP traversal search.

[0129] A day-ahead - intra-day - real-time multi-time scale nested scheduling and step-by-step information feedback are established to achieve top-down nesting: (as Figure 3 shown): The day-ahead and intra-day scheduling models are nested through the generation plan. The day-ahead scheduling comprehensively considers the power compensation regulation of hydropower, wind, and light to declare the day-ahead generation plan. The intra-day scheduling aims to complete the day-ahead generation plan, considering factors such as the start-stop and output changes of the units during the scheduling period, and dynamically allocates the output of the hydropower units; The intra-day and real-time scheduling models are nested through the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan. The intra-day scheduling determines the optimal start-stop plan and output plan of the units for different scheduling time intervals, and the real-time scheduling determines the optimal hydropower unit output plan and the charge and discharge strategy of the electrochemical energy storage; At the same time, the real-time scheduling model feeds back the final output allocation of the hydropower units to the intra-day scheduling model, and the intra-day scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan to the day-ahead scheduling model, realizing the multi-energy and multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling of electrochemical energy storage - hydropower, wind, and light.

[0130] Taking a certain multi-energy complementary system as an example, the above scheduling method is applied for analysis. The system includes a 1280 MW hydropower station, an 850 MW photovoltaic power station, and an 85 MW / 170 MWh lithium-ion energy storage power station. The specific parameters of the hydropower station are shown in Table 1.

[0131] Table 1 Relevant parameters of Longyangxia Hydropower Station

[0132]

[0133] By applying the above multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling method of electrochemical energy storage - hydropower, wind, and light, and setting the independent operation of hydropower and light and the complementary scheduling of hydropower and light as comparison strategies. The power generation situations of the three scheduling strategies within the scheduling period under multiple time scales are shown in Table 2 below. Compared with the independent operation of hydropower and light, the actual power generations of the hydropower, light, and storage complementary system and the hydropower and light complementary system are increased by 3.04% and 2.93% respectively. There are no power shortage and curtailment phenomena in the multi-energy complementary operation of electrochemical energy storage - hydropower and light throughout the scheduling period; while there are still a small amount of power shortage and curtailment phenomena in the hydropower and light complementary operation system at the real-time level, the curtailment amount is 60,000 kWh, and the shortage amount is 30,000 kWh. It can be seen that the hydropower and light complementary operation has significantly reduced the risk of power shortage and curtailment in the hydropower and light system, but it also shows that the addition of electrochemical energy storage makes the complementary system have better power supply reliability.

[0134] Table 2 Statistical table of power generation of three different scheduling strategies during the scheduling period (10,000 kW·h)

[0135]

[0136] The multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling system for electrochemical energy storage - water, wind and light of the present invention includes:

[0137] A day-ahead scheduling model construction unit, which is used to establish a day-ahead multi-energy complementary optimization scheduling model for water, wind and light with the goal of maximizing the daily power generation benefit, compensate and adjust the natural uncertainty of wind and light output, so as to guide the formulation of the day-ahead combined power generation plan of the multi-energy complementary system;

[0138] An intra-day scheduling model construction unit, which is used to establish an intra-day multi-energy complementary optimization scheduling model for water, wind and light with the goal of minimizing the sum of the water consumption for the whole hydropower station during the scheduling period, the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and crossing the vibration area, and guide the hydropower station to formulate the unit start-stop plan and the output distribution plan;

[0139] A real-time scheduling model construction unit, which is used to propose a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage, establish a real-time multi-energy complementary optimization scheduling model for electrochemical energy storage - water, wind and light with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, use the electrochemical energy storage to access the water, wind and light complementary system, complement the flexibility advantages of hydropower units, reduce the self-scheduling risk caused by the hydropower alone adjusting the wind and light prediction deviation, and track the system load command in real time to reduce the curtailment and abandonment risk of the complementary system;

[0140] A nested model construction and nested scheduling unit, which is used to establish a day-ahead - intra-day - real-time multi-time-scale nested scheduling model and a hierarchical information feedback mechanism, realize the nesting of the day-ahead scheduling model and the intra-day scheduling model through the power generation plan, realize the nesting of the intra-day scheduling model and the real-time scheduling model through the unit start-stop plan and the output distribution plan, and at the same time, the real-time scheduling model feeds back the final output distribution of the hydropower unit to the intra-day scheduling model, and the intra-day scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and the output distribution plan to the day-ahead scheduling model, so as to realize the hierarchical control of the scheduling risks at different time scales of the complementary system.

[0141] An electronic device according to the present invention, the device includes:

[0142] A memory storing executable program code;

[0143] A processor coupled to the memory;

[0144] The processor calls the executable program code stored in the memory and executes the steps of the multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method for electrochemical energy storage - water, wind and light.

[0145] A computer-readable storage medium according to the present invention stores computer instructions, which are used to execute the steps of the electro-chemical energy storage - water, wind and light multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling method when the computer instructions are called.

[0146] A computer program product according to the present invention includes a computer program / instructions, and when the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the electro-chemical energy storage - water, wind and light multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling method are implemented.

Claims

1. An electrochemistry energy storage - water, wind and light multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Establish a day-ahead hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model aiming at maximizing the daily power generation benefit, compensate and regulate the natural uncertainty of wind and solar power output, and guide the formulation of the day-ahead combined power generation plan for the multi-energy complementary system; Establish an intraday hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model aiming at minimizing the sum of the total water consumption for power generation of the hydropower station during the scheduling period, the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and crossing the vibration zone, and guide the hydropower station to formulate the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan; The objective function of the intraday hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model is: ， Among them, is the sum of the water consumption for the whole hydropower station to generate electricity and the penalty water consumption for the start-stop of the hydro-generator units and passing through the vibration area; n is the number of time intervals within a day; is the number of hydro-generator units; is the start-stop state of hydro-generator units in the time interval, taking 1 for startup and 0 for shutdown; is the start-stop state of hydro-generator units in the time interval, taking 1 for startup and 0 for shutdown; is the water consumption when the generating head is equal to and the th hydro-generator unit undertakes the load ; , are respectively the startup and shutdown penalty water consumptions of the th hydro-generator unit; is the number of times the th hydro-generator unit passes through the vibration area from the time interval to the time interval; is the penalty water consumption corresponding to the th hydro-generator unit passing through the vibration area once; Propose a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage, establish a real-time electrochemical energy storage-hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model aiming at minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, use the electrochemical energy storage to access the hydropower-wind complementary system, complement the flexibility advantages of hydropower units, reduce the own scheduling risk caused by the hydropower alone regulating the wind and solar power prediction deviation, and track the system load command in real time to reduce the curtailment and abandonment risk of the complementary system; Establish a day-ahead-intraday-real-time multi-time scale nested scheduling model and nested mechanism. Through the power generation plan, realize the nesting of the day-ahead scheduling model and the intraday scheduling model. Through the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan, realize the nesting of the intraday scheduling model and the real-time scheduling model. At the same time, the real-time scheduling model feeds back the final output allocation of the hydropower unit to the intraday scheduling model, and the intraday scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan to the day-ahead scheduling model, realizing the hierarchical control of the scheduling risks at different time scales of the complementary system.

2. The electrochemical energy storage - water, wind, and solar multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein, The objective function of the day-ahead hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model is: ， Among them, is the combined daily power generation benefit of water, wind and photovoltaic power; is the th day and the time period; , , are respectively the wind power, photovoltaic power and hydropower outputs of the hydropower station in the time period; , , are respectively the on-grid electricity prices of wind power, photovoltaic power and hydropower; is the number of time periods within a day; is the time interval.

3. The electrochemical energy storage - multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method for water, wind, and light according to claim 1, wherein The comprehensive flexibility quantification index of hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage is expressed as: ， Among them, is the comprehensive flexibility quantification index of the hydropower unit and the electrochemical energy storage during the is the flexibility quantification index of the hydropower station during the is the flexibility quantification index of the electrochemical energy storage during the Flexibility Quantification Index of Hydropower Station Expressed as: ， Among them, , are respectively the upward and downward regulation flexibilities of the th hydropower unit during the period; is the width of the output corridor where the th hydropower unit is located during the period; is the number of hydropower units in operation during the period; is to take the absolute value; Flexibility Quantification Index for Electrochemical Energy Storage Expressed as: ， Among them, and are the dischargeable capacity and rechargeable capacity of the electrochemical energy storage during the period respectively; is the total capacity that the electrochemical energy storage can participate in regulation.

4. The electrochemical energy storage - water, wind and solar multi - time - scale nested complementary scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein, Establish a day-ahead-intraday-real-time multi-time scale nested scheduling model and nested mechanism, including: The day-ahead and intraday optimal scheduling models are nested through the power generation plan. The day-ahead scheduling comprehensively considers the power compensation and regulation declarations of hydropower, wind and solar to formulate the day-ahead power generation plan. The intraday scheduling aims to complete the day-ahead power generation plan, considers the start-stop and output changes of the units during the scheduling period, and dynamically allocates the output of the hydropower units. The intraday and real-time optimal scheduling models are nested through the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan. The intraday scheduling determines the optimal start-stop plan and output plan of the units in different scheduling periods, and the real-time scheduling determines the optimal output plan of the hydropower units and the charge-discharge strategy of the electrochemical energy storage. At the same time, the real-time scheduling feeds back the final output allocation of the hydropower unit to the intraday optimal scheduling model, and the intraday optimal scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and the output allocation plan to the day-ahead optimal scheduling model, realizing the multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling of electrochemical energy storage-hydropower-wind-solar multi-energy.

5. The multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method for electrochemical energy storage - water, wind and light according to claim 1, wherein The intra-day hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model realizes the dynamic allocation process of the output of hydropower units. First, a database of the static load distribution tables of each unit is established under different unit start-stop combinations, generating heads, and the total output of the hydropower station. During the actual operation of the intra-day hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model, according to the total output of the hydropower station, the generating head, and the feasible unit startup combinations, a feasible unit output allocation plan is directly obtained from the database. Then, from the feasible combinations of the unit output allocation plan, with the goal of minimizing the total water consumption during the scheduling period, through traversal search, the optimal start-stop plan and output plan of the units in different scheduling periods are determined. The model updates the results according to the rolling of the scheduling periods, determines the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan within a future predetermined time, and finally only executes the start-stop arrangement and output plan of the first scheduling period.

6. An electro-chemical energy storage - water, wind and solar multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling system, characterized in that, Including: A day-ahead scheduling model construction unit, which is used to establish a day-ahead hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of maximizing the daily power generation benefit, compensates and adjusts the natural uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic power outputs, and guides the formulation of the day-ahead combined power generation plan for the multi-energy complementary system. An intra-day scheduling model construction unit, which is used to establish an intra-day hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the sum of the power generation water consumption of the whole hydropower station during the scheduling period, the penalty water consumption for unit start-stop and crossing the vibration area, and guides the hydropower station to formulate the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan. The objective function of the intra-day hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model is: ， wherein, is the sum of the water consumption for power generation of the whole hydropower station and the penalty water consumption for the start-stop of the hydro-generator units and crossing the vibration area; n is the number of time intervals within a day; is the number of hydro-generator units; is the on-off state of hydro-generator units at time interval taking 1 for startup and 0 for shutdown; is the on-off state of hydro-generator units at time interval taking 1 for startup and 0 for shutdown; is the water consumption of the th hydro-generator unit when the generating head is equal to , are respectively the startup and shutdown penalty water consumptions of the th hydro-generator unit; is the number of times the th hydro-generator unit crosses the vibration area from time interval to ; is the penalty water consumption corresponding to one crossing of the vibration area by the th hydro-generator unit; A real-time scheduling model construction unit, which is used to propose a comprehensive flexibility quantification index for hydropower units and electrochemical energy storage, establish a real-time electrochemical energy storage-hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling model with the goal of minimizing the comprehensive flexibility value, uses the electrochemical energy storage to access the hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power complementary system, complements the flexibility advantages of hydropower units, reduces the self-scheduling risk caused by the hydropower alone adjusting the wind and photovoltaic power prediction deviation, and tracks the system load command in real time to reduce the curtailment risk of the complementary system. A nested model construction and nested scheduling unit, which is used to establish a day-ahead-intra-day-real-time multi-time-scale nested scheduling model and nested mechanism, realizes the nesting of the day-ahead scheduling model and the intra-day scheduling model through the power generation plan, realizes the nesting of the intra-day scheduling model and the real-time scheduling model through the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan. At the same time, the real-time scheduling model feeds back the final output allocation of the hydropower unit to the intra-day scheduling model, and the intra-day scheduling model feeds back the unit start-stop plan and output allocation plan to the day-ahead scheduling model, realizing the hierarchical control of the scheduling risks at different time scales of the complementary system.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes: A memory storing executable program codes; A processor coupled to the memory; The processor calls the executable program codes stored in the memory and executes the steps of the electrochemical energy storage-hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which are used to execute the steps of the electrochemical energy storage-hydropower, wind power, and photovoltaic power multi-time-scale nested complementary scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-5 when called.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the electrochemical energy storage - multi-time scale nested complementary scheduling method for water, wind, and light according to any one of claims 1-5 are implemented.

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