Energy management method and system, computer equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an energy management method and system, computer equipment and a readable storage medium. The energy management method comprises the following steps: acquiring first current output power and previous output power of a first energy supply device; according to the first current output power and the previous output power, the current power change rate of the first energy supply device is obtained; acquiring first reference power of the first energy supply device according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; acquiring second current output power of a second energy supply device; acquiring second reference power of a second energy supply device according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; acquiring current flow rates and current furnace temperatures of the first gas and the second gas; and obtaining the reference flow velocity and the reference furnace temperature of the first gas according to the current flow velocity and the current furnace temperature of the first gas and the second gas. The load power can be optimally distributed, so that the first energy supply device and the second energy supply device efficiently operate, the energy consumption is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of hybrid energy storage, and in particular to an energy management method, system, computer device, and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) use hydrogen to generate electricity and are currently used in various vehicles or other electrical equipment. In order to improve the dynamic power and power density of fuel cells, fuel cells are usually mixed with other energy sources (such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, etc.) to ensure that vehicles or other electrical equipment have better performance.

[0003] However, during the use of fuel cells and other energy suppliers, an imbalance in energy supply may occur, which not only reduces the operating efficiency of the entire device, but also reduces the operating efficiency and service life of each energy supplier and increases power consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy management method, including: obtaining a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supplier; obtaining a current power change rate of the first energy supplier based on the first current output power and the previous output power; obtaining a first reference power of the first energy supplier based on the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; obtaining a second current output power of a second energy supplier; obtaining a second reference power of the second energy supplier based on the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; obtaining a current flow rate of a first gas, a current flow rate of a second gas and a current furnace temperature; wherein the first energy supplier is connected to a gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into a second gas by the gas conversion device, the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supplier, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device; obtaining a reference flow rate and a reference furnace temperature of the first gas based on the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature.

[0005] The disclosed embodiment also provides an energy management system, including an acquisition module and a processing module. The acquisition module is used to acquire the first current output power and the previous output power of the first energy supplier, acquire the current flow rate and the current furnace temperature of the first gas, and acquire the current flow rate of the second gas; the processing module is used to acquire the current power change rate of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power and the previous output power; the processing module is also used to acquire the first reference power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; the acquisition module is also used to acquire the second current output power of the second energy supplier; the processing module is also used to acquire the second reference power of the second energy supplier according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; the processing module is also used to acquire the reference flow rate and the reference furnace temperature of the first gas according to the current flow rate of the first gas, the current furnace temperature and the current flow rate of the second gas.

[0006] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer device, including a processor, a memory, and an input-output interface; the processor is connected to the memory and the input-output interface, respectively, wherein the input-output interface is used to receive data and output data, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call the computer program so that the computer device executes the energy management method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0007] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor so that a computer device having the processor executes the energy management method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0008] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the energy management method of the embodiment of the present disclosure has at least one of the following advantages and positive effects:

[0009] In the disclosed embodiment, the first reference power of the first energy supplier is obtained by the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate, and the first reference power is adapted to the power change rate of the first energy supplier, which can improve the operating efficiency and service life of the first energy supplier. The second reference power of the second energy supplier is obtained according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power, and the first gas reference flow rate and the reference furnace temperature are obtained by the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature, so as to realize the power allocation between the first energy supplier and the second energy supplier, optimize the distribution of load power, balance the energy supply of the first energy supplier and the second energy supplier, and operate efficiently, reduce energy consumption, and extend the service life of the two energy suppliers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The above and other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail example embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.

[0011] Figure 1 A flow chart of an energy management method shown in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 2 An energy conversion architecture diagram of an ammonia driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid application for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 3 A control architecture diagram of an energy management method shown in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the output power and the operating efficiency of a PEM fuel cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 5 A flow chart showing the control of furnace temperature, ammonia flow rate and hydrogen flow rate in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between ammonia, hydrogen and furnace temperature in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 7 Energy conversion architecture diagram of ammonia driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid power application shown in other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 8 Energy conversion architecture diagram of ammonia driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid power application shown in other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Fig. 9 A block diagram of an energy management system illustrating some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the present disclosure are used only as labels and are not numerical limitations on their objects. The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary illustrations and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor do they have to be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, while some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy management method, which can be applied to Figure 2The ammonia driven PEM fuel cell hybrid vehicle shown ensures efficient operation of the hybrid energy supply of the hybrid vehicle. The disclosed embodiment takes the PEM fuel cell hybrid vehicle as an example, but is not limited thereto, and the energy management method can also be applied to other hybrid power-consuming devices.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the architecture of an ammonia-driven PEM fuel cell hybrid application may include a first energy supply device 1 , a second energy supply device 2 , a load, and an energy management system 900 .

[0023] The first energy supply device 1 includes a gas conversion device 11 and a fuel cell device 12. The gas conversion device 11 may include an ammonia tank 111, a flow controller 112, a furnace 113, a furnace controller 114, a gas purifier 115 and a gas buffer 116. The fuel cell device 12 may include a PEM fuel cell 121, a fuel cell controller 122 and a power conditioner 123. The second energy supply device 2 may include a supercapacitor 21, a supercapacitor manager 22, a power converter 23, a battery 24 and a battery manager 25. The load may include a motor 3, a motor controller 4 and / or an auxiliary device 5.

[0024] Among them, the ammonia tank 111 is used to store ammonia (NH 3 ), and outputs ammonia to a flow controller 112, which is used to control the flow of ammonia and can measure the flow rate of ammonia in real time. * Q a and provide it to the energy management system 900, receiving the ammonia flow rate reference value sent by the energy management system 900 * Q ar , to regulate the ammonia flow rate, and deliver the regulated ammonia to the furnace 113. The furnace controller 114 is used to control the temperature of the furnace 113, so that the furnace 113 decomposes the ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen, and outputs the hydrogen, nitrogen and a small amount of ammonia to the gas purifier 115. The furnace controller 114 can measure the furnace temperature of the furnace 113 in real time. * T f Its input power * P f and sent to the energy management system 900, receiving the reference furnace temperature of the furnace 113 fed back by the energy management system 900 * T fr , the real-time input power of the furnace controller 114 is P f The gas purifier 115 removes ammonia from the mixed gas of hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia, and outputs hydrogen and nitrogen to the gas buffer 116. The gas buffer 116 is used to maintain the stability of the gas flow and provide hydrogen and nitrogen to the PEM fuel cell 121.

[0025] The PEM fuel cell 121 is used to convert hydrogen into electrical energy and can measure the flow rate of hydrogen in real time. * Q h ,Will * Q h The hydrogen flow rate is positively correlated with the electrical energy generated by the PEM fuel cell 121. The fuel cell controller 122 is used to provide power to the auxiliary components in the PEM fuel cell 121 and to send its own input power measured in real time to the energy management system 900. * P fcc The power regulator 123 is used to adjust the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 and to measure its own output power in real time. * P pcuh Send to the energy management system 900, receive the reference output power of the power regulator 123 sent by the energy management system 900 * P fcr .

[0026] The power converter 23 is used to adjust the output power P of the super capacitor 21. sc And send the real-time measured high-end power of the power converter 23 to the energy management system 900 * P pch , and receiving the power converter high-end power reference value sent by the energy management system 900 * P scr The power converter 23 has a high voltage end and a low voltage end, and the high-end power refers to the power of the high voltage end of the power converter 23. The supercapacitor manager 22 is used to monitor the operation of the supercapacitor 21 and provide the energy management system 900 with a real-time measured energy state ( * SOE) and output power P sc .

[0027] The battery manager 25 monitors the operation of the battery 24. The output power of the battery 24 is P b The battery manager 25 measures the output power of the battery 24 in real time. * P b and power status ( * SOC), and * P b and * The SOC is sent to the energy management system 900. The battery 24 can automatically meet the power changes of the auxiliary device 5. The input power of the auxiliary device 5 is represented by P ad express.

[0028] The motor controller 4 is used to adjust the output power of the motor 3. The input power of the motor controller 4 is P mc , the motor controller 4 can measure its input power in real time* P mc And send it to the energy management system 900.

[0029] The PEM fuel cell 121, supercapacitor 21 and battery 24 are used to provide power to the motor controller 4, furnace controller 114, fuel cell controller 122 and auxiliary equipment 5, and absorb braking energy (under braking conditions) through the motor 3 and motor controller 4. The supercapacitor 21 and battery 24 can also receive power provided by the PEM fuel cell 121 to maintain stable operation of the entire power vehicle.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the energy management method of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps S100 to S700.

[0031] S100: Obtaining a first current output power of a first energy supplier * P fc (t k ) and the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ).

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the first current output power * P fc (t k ) and the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ) are the current time t of the first energy supplier respectively k and the previous moment t k-1 The output power processed according to the load power and the state of the second energy supplier, and using Figure 3 The optimized allocation controller 60 shown in FIG. 1 is used for processing (the specific processing process is shown in Tables 1 to 5 described later). Figure 3 As shown, the load power can be the input power of the motor controller 4 measured in real time. * P mc , real-time measurement of the input power of the fuel cell controller 122 * P fcc and real-time measurement of the input power of the furnace controller 114 * P f The first energy supplier may be a PEM fuel cell 121, the second energy supplier may include a supercapacitor 21 and / or a battery 24, and the state of the second energy supplier may include the energy state of the supercapacitor 21 measured in real time. * SOE and / or real-time measurement of battery state of charge *SOC. SOE (State of energy) refers to the ratio of the current remaining energy (releasable energy) of the supercapacitor to the rated energy, reflecting its remaining capacity. SOC (State of charge) refers to the ratio of the current remaining charge of the battery to the rated charge, reflecting its remaining capacity.

[0033] Among them, t k represents the current time, t k-1 Represents the previous moment, k ≥ 1 and is a positive integer.

[0034] S200: According to the first current output power * P fc (t k ) and the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ), obtain the current power change rate R of the first energy supplier pfc (t k ).

[0035] R can be obtained according to the following formula (1): pfc (t k ):

[0036]

[0037] S300: According to the first current output power * P fc (t k ), the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ) and the current power change rate R pfc (t k ) to obtain a first reference power of the first energy supplier.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, S300 may include the following contents A1 to A5.

[0039] A1: Obtain a first preset power threshold of a first energy supplier.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the first preset power threshold may include a first preset maximum power value P fc,max and the first preset minimum power value P fc,min , that is, the first energy supplier is at P fc,min With P fc,max The first power preset threshold can be set according to the actual operation of the first energy supplier. For example, the first energy supplier can be a PEM fuel cell. When the rated power of the PEM fuel cell is 18 kW, Pfc,min = 7 kW, P fc,max = 20 kW. When the rated power of the PEM fuel cell is other values, P fc,min and P fc,max will also change and are not specially defined here.

[0041] A2: Obtain the first current limiting power P * (t fc (t k ) of the first energy supply device according to the first current output power P * (t fcl (t k ) and the first preset power threshold.

[0042] As Figure 3 shown, since * P fc (t k )(t

[0043] is an optimized value and may not be within the range of the first preset threshold, it needs to be limited within the first preset threshold range to ensure normal operation. * P fcl (t k ). If P fc,min ≤ * P fcl (t k )(t fc,max ≤ P * P fcl (t k ), then * P fc (t k )(t * P fcl (t k )(t fc,max > P * P fcl (t k ), then fc,max P * P fcl (t k )(t fc,min is less than P * P fcl (t k ), then fc,min P

[0044] A3: Obtain the previous limiting power P * (t fc (t k-1 ) of the first energy supply device according to the previous output power P *P fcl (t k-1 ).

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, according to the fuel cell power limiter 10, the previous limit power * P fcl (t k-1 ), if P fc,min ≤ * P fcl (t k-1 )≤P fc,max ,but * P fcl (t k-1 )= * P fc (t k-1 );like * P fcl (t k-1 )>P fc,max ,but * P fcl (t k-1 )=P fc,max ;like * P fcl (t k-1 ) is less than P fc,min ,but * P fcl (t k-1 )=P fc,min .

[0046] A4: Obtain a power change rate threshold of the first energy supplier.

[0047] In the disclosed embodiment, the first energy supplier may include a PEM fuel cell 121 for providing low dynamic power, and the second energy supplier may include a supercapacitor 21 for providing high dynamic power. Dynamic power refers to the power size that changes over time. For example, when the rate of change of the load power is large (such as a sudden increase in the load power), this situation is highly dynamic, and the second energy supplier is used to provide electrical energy. When the rate of change of the load power is small, that is, the load power is relatively stable, this situation is low dynamic, and the first energy supplier is used to provide electrical energy.

[0048] That is, the rate of change of the output power of the second energy supplier is greater than the rate of change of the output power of the first energy supplier. The power change rate threshold of the first energy supplier includes the maximum power change rate R pfc,max and the minimum power change rate R pfc,min For example, when the rated power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is 30 kW, R pfc,min Can be -4kW / s, R pfc,maxIt can be 4kW / s, and the current power change rate R of the first energy supplier pfc (t k ) is between the maximum value and the minimum value, the output power of the first energy supply is low dynamic power. Figure 2 The method disclosed in the present invention enables the PEM fuel cell 121 to provide a low dynamic load demand, the supercapacitor 21 to provide a high dynamic load demand and a low dynamic load demand, and the battery 24 to provide both a high dynamic load demand and a low dynamic load demand, and limits the rate of change of the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 to R pfc,min ~R pfc,max Within the low dynamic range between, the power demand beyond this range is allocated to the supercapacitor 21, and the power demand beyond the limited power range of the supercapacitor 21 is allocated to the battery 24, so that the various energy suppliers can cooperate with each other under different load demands to improve operating efficiency.

[0049] A5: According to the first current limit power * P fcl (t k ), the previous limit power * P fcl (t k-1 ), current power change rate R pfc (t k ) and a power change rate threshold to obtain a first reference power.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, A5 may include the following contents B1 to B2.

[0051] B1: According to the maximum power change rate R pfc,max and the minimum power change rate R pfc,min , obtain the maximum dynamic power variable ΔP of the first energy supplier fc,max and minimum dynamic power variation ΔP fc,min .

[0052] In the disclosed embodiment, ΔP fc,max =R pfc,max *(t k -t k-1 ), P fc,min =R pfc,min *(t k -t k-1 ).

[0053] B2: According to the current power change rate R pfc (t k ), maximum power change rate R pfc,max , minimum power change rate R pfc,min , the first current limit power * Pfcl (t k ), the previous limit power * P fcl (t k-1 ), maximum dynamic power variable ΔP fc,max and minimum dynamic power variation ΔP fc,min , get the first reference power * P fcr .

[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to obtain the first reference power * P fcr , B2 may include the following contents.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the first reference power is obtained by using the high dynamic power limiter 20 * P fcr If R pfc,min ≤R pfc (t k )≤R pfc,max ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k ); if R pfc (t k )<R pfc,min ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k-1 )+ΔP fc,min If R pfc (t k )>R pfc,max ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k-1 )+ΔP fc,max .

[0056] It is necessary to add that * P fcr (t k ) is the first reference power obtained at the current moment, * P fcl (t k ) is the first current limit power, * P fcl (t k-1 ) is the previous limited power, and the others have the same meanings as above.

[0057] S400: Obtaining a second current output power of a second energy supplier * P sc (t k ).

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the second current output power * P sc (t k ) is the output power after processing according to the load power and the status of the second energy supplier (see Tables 1 to 5 below).

[0059] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first energy supplier may include a fuel cell (such as a PEM fuel cell 121), the second energy supplier includes a supercapacitor 21 and a battery 24, and the second current output power * P sc (t k ) is the current output power of the supercapacitor 21. Then the first current output power of the first energy supplier is obtained * P fc (t k ) and obtaining the second current output power of the second energy supplier * P sc (t k ) includes: obtaining the current load power, the current energy state of the supercapacitor 21 and the current charge state of the battery 24; and obtaining the first current output power and the second current output power according to the current load power, the current energy state and the current charge state.

[0060] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, taking the ammonia driven PEM fuel cell 121 hybrid vehicle as an example, the hybrid vehicle includes three modes. The first mode is an idle mode, that is, the motor 3 does not rotate, and the input power of the motor controller 4 is measured. * P mc =0; the second is the driving mode, that is, the motor 3 rotates, and the input power of the motor controller 4 is measured * P mc >0; The third is a braking mode, in which the motor controller 4 controls the rotor of the motor 3 to decelerate, and the motor 3 can feed back the braking energy to the supercapacitor 21 and the battery 24 through the motor controller 4. * P mc <0. Referring to Tables 1 to 3, according to the load power and the energy state of the supercapacitor 21 * SOE, battery state of charge * SOC obtains the first current output power of the first energy supplier * P fc (t k) and the second current output power of the second power supply * P sc (t k )。

[0061] Table 1 * P mc =0 (idle mode)

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Wherein, * P ad = * P fcc + * P f ,that is * P ad represents the input power of the fuel cell controller 122 measured in real time * P fcc and the input power of the furnace controller 114 measured in real time * P f The sum of, which is the load power in the idle mode. * SOE has three states: high, medium, and low. * SOC also has three states: high, medium, and low (refer to the descriptions below Table 4 and Table 5). The negative sign indicates input or charging. For example, in the second row of Table 1 * P sc =-( * P fc - * P ad ) The negative sign in front represents the power allocated to the supercapacitor 21, that is, charging the supercapacitor 21.

[0065] For simplicity, only part of the content in Table 1 is explained. In the first row, * SOE = high & * SOC = high, then the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc is P fc,min , that is, the output power is the minimum. If the load power * P ad is greater than * P fc , then the output power of the supercapacitor 21 * P sc is adjusted to the difference between the two, causing the supercapacitor 21 to discharge. In the second row, * SOE = medium & * SOC = high, then the output power of the PEM fuel cell* P fc Adjusted to P fc,opt , P fc,opt represents the output power at the highest operating efficiency of the fuel cell. At this time * P fc is greater than the load power * P ad , then the remaining power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is used to charge the supercapacitor 21. Therefore * P sc = -( * P fc - * P ad ).

[0066] As Figure 4 shown, the abscissa represents the output power of the fuel cell, and the ordinate represents the operating efficiency of the fuel cell. When the output power is P fc,opt , the operating efficiency is η fc,max , representing the highest operating efficiency. η fc,h represents the lower limit of the high operating efficiency. For example, it can be 90% of η fc,max . According to the load demand, the SOE of the supercapacitor 21, and the SOC of the battery, the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 can be allocated within [P fc,ol , P fc,ou , or [P fc,min , P fc,ol , or [P fc,ou , P fc,max to obtain the highest efficiency operation, high efficiency operation, and as high an operating state as possible, respectively.

[0067] In the fourth row of Table 1 * SOE = high & * SOC = medium, then the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc is adjusted to P fc,opt , and the output power of the supercapacitor 21 * P sc = 0. Then, after the PEM fuel cell provides power to the load, the remaining power is used to charge the battery 24.

[0068] The electric power of the present disclosure is jointly provided by the PEM fuel cell 121, the supercapacitor 21, and the battery 24. If the output powers of the PEM fuel cell 121 and the supercapacitor 21 (i.e., the output powers adjusted by the power regulator 123 and the power converter 23) change, the output power of the battery 24 will automatically change to adapt to the new electric power balance.

[0069] Table 2 * Pmc > 0 (Drive mode)

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] In Table II, *P mc + *P ad represents the load power measured in real time in the drive mode. As can be seen from the foregoing, P fc,max is the first preset power maximum value, that is, the maximum output power of the PEM fuel cell 121. P fc,min is the first preset power minimum value, that is, the minimum output power of the PEM fuel cell 121, which is used to maintain the idle operation of the PEM fuel cell 121.

[0073] For the sake of simplicity, only some of the content in Table II will be explained. In the first row, * SOE = high & * SOC = high & P fc,min ≤ ( * P mc + * P ad ) ≤ P fc,max , then the output power of the PEM fuel cell is * P fc is * P mc + * P ad , the output power of the supercapacitor * P sc is 0, that is, the load power is within the range of the first preset power threshold, then the load power is provided by the PEM fuel cell. After the PEM fuel cell provides power for the load, the remaining power charges the battery 24.

[0074] In the fifth row, * SOE = medium & * SOC = high & P fc,max < ( * P mc + * P ad ), then * P fc = P fc,max , * P sc = 0, that is, the load power is greater than P fc,max , the output power of the PEM fuel cell is P fc,max , the output power of the PEM fuel cell still cannot meet the load power, then the remaining load power is provided by the battery (because the *The SOC is high, the supercapacitor * SOE is medium).

[0075] Table 3 * P mc <0(Braking mode)

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Among them, (*P mc +*P ad )<0 means that under braking conditions, the electric energy converted from braking energy by the motor 3 through the motor controller 4 is greater than the electric energy required by the load, that is, at this time the motor controller 4 is equivalent to an energy supply device, which is opposite to the output power of the energy supply.

[0079] In the first line, * SOE = high, * SOC=High,0≤( * P mc + * P ad )≤P fc,min , that is, the load power is positive and less than the first preset minimum power value, and the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is adjusted to P fc,min , at this time, the supercapacitor 21 does not need to be charged, so * P sc = 0, the remaining power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is used to charge the battery 24. * The SOC is high, but since the capacity of the battery 24 is larger, the remaining energy can be charged to the battery 24 .

[0080] In the fifth to last line, * SOE=High& * SOC = Low & ( * P mc + * P ad )≥0, due to * When the SOC is low, the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc Regulated to P fc,max , the output power of supercapacitor 21 is *P mc +*P ad , that is, the supercapacitor 21 provides electrical energy for the load, and the PEM fuel cell charges the battery 24.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, Table 4 is the acquisition of the state of charge SOC of the battery 24 , and Table 5 is the acquisition of the state of energy SOE of the supercapacitor 21 .

[0082] Table 4 Obtaining the battery SOC

[0083]

[0084] When the state of charge SOC of the battery 24 is medium, the SOC is in [SOC nl , SOC nu ], SOC nl Represents the lower limit of SOC when it is "medium", SOC nu Represents the upper limit of SOC being “medium”. When SOC is [SOC nl , SOC nu ], it is possible to protect the battery 24 from aging or performance degradation and keep the battery 24 running efficiently, and the battery 24 can be charged or discharged. min , SOC nl ], it means that the SOC is "low" and the battery needs to be charged. min Indicates the lower limit when SOC is "low". nu , SOC max ], it means that the SOC is "high" and the battery needs to be discharged. max Indicates the upper limit when SOC is "high". min , SOC nl , SOC nu and SOC max The value of can be set according to the type of battery 24. For example, when the battery 24 is a lithium-ion battery, SOC min Can be 20%, SOC nl Can be 55%, SOC nu Can be 85%, SOC max It can be 100% and is not particularly limited here.

[0085] Table 5 SOE of supercapacitor 21

[0086]

[0087] When the energy state SOE of the supercapacitor 21 is medium, the SOE is in [SOE nl , SOE nu ], namely SOE nl Represents the lower limit of SOE when it is "medium", SOE nu Represents the upper limit of SOE being “medium”. When SOE is between [SOE nl , SOE nuWhen it is possible to protect the supercapacitor 21 from aging or performance degradation and keep the supercapacitor 21 operating efficiently, the supercapacitor 21 can be charged or discharged. When the SOE is in [SOE min , SOE nl , it means that the SOE is "low", and the supercapacitor 21 needs to be charged. SOE min represents the lower limit when the SOE is "low". When the SOE is in [SOE nu , SOE max , it means that the SOE is "high", and the supercapacitor 21 needs to be discharged. SOE max represents the upper limit when the SOE is "high". SOE min , SOE nl , SOE nu and SOE max can be set according to the type of the supercapacitor 21. For example, when the supercapacitor 21 is an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC), SOE min can be 30%, SOE nl can be 45%, SOE nu can be 90%, and SOE max can be 100%, and no special limitation is made here.

[0088] The conditions in Table IV and Table V can be determined according to the hysteresis control algorithm so that the SOC / SOE changes smoothly. Those skilled in the art can obtain them according to the related technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0089] S500: Obtain the second reference power * P fc (t k ) of the second energy supplier according to the first current output power * P sc (t k ), the second current output power * P fcr (t k ) and the first reference power * P scr (t k ).

[0090] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, S500 may include: obtaining the second preset power threshold of the second energy supplier; according to the first current output power * P fc (t k ), the second current output power * P sc (t k ), the first reference power * Pfcr (t k ) and a second preset power threshold, obtaining a second reference power * P scr (t k ).

[0091] like Figure 3 As shown, real-time measurement of load power and supercapacitor 21 * SOE and Battery 24 * SOC, using the optimization allocation controller 60 to obtain the first current output power according to the above table * P fc (t k ) and obtain the first current limit power * P fcl (t k ).like * P fc (t k ) is not equal to * P fcl (t k ), then use Figure 3 The first calculator in 30 calculations * P fc (t k )and * P fcl (t k ), and the difference is compared with the second current output power of the second energy supplier. * P sc (t k ) and, that is * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcl (t k ), distributes the remaining power of the first energy supplier (PEM fuel cell 121) to the second energy supplier (supercapacitor 21).

[0092] The first reference power is obtained by using the high dynamic power limiter 20 * P fcr (t k ) after, if * P fcr (t k ) is not equal to * P fcl (t k ), then the second calculator 40 is used to calculate * P fcl (t k)and * P fcr (t k ) and compare the difference with * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcl (t k ) and obtain the output power of the second energy supplier after being allocated, that is, * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcl (t k )+ * P fcl (t k )- * P fcr (t k )= * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k ).

[0093] Obtain a second preset power threshold of the second energy supplier, where the second preset power threshold may include a second preset power maximum value P sc,max and the second preset minimum power value P sc,min , that is, the output power of the second energy supplier is P sc,max and P sc,min Normal operation between.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, the supercapacitor limiter 50 is used to obtain the current second reference power * P scr (t k ). Specifically, the output power of the second energy supplier after being allocated is obtained * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k ) then, if P sc,min ≤ *P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k )≤P sc,max ,but * P scr (t k )= * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k );like * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k )>P sc,max ,but * P scr (t k )=P sc,max ;like * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k )<P sc,min ,but * P scr (t k )=P sc,min .

[0095] Through the above management, the first energy supplier can maintain efficient operation within the low dynamic power range, and the remaining power of the first energy supplier is allocated to the second energy supplier, so that the second energy supplier can operate within the normal range, for example, the SOE of the supercapacitor 21 and the SOC of the battery 24 can be maintained within the normal range, and the aging or performance degradation of the supercapacitor 21 and the battery 24 can be avoided, and the efficient operation can be maintained. In addition, the second energy supplier can operate efficiently within the high dynamic power range.

[0096] After obtaining the first reference power and the second reference power, the energy management system 900 feeds back the first reference power to the power regulator 123 and feeds back the second reference power to the power converter 23 so that both output the power.

[0097] S600: Obtaining the current flow rate of the first gas * Q a , the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h and current furnace temperature * T f .

[0098] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, reference Figure 2 The gas conversion device 11 is connected to the first energy supplier (PEM fuel cell). The gas conversion device 11 is used to convert the first gas into the second gas, and the second gas is used to supply the fuel cell 121 with electricity. Figure 2 As shown, the current furnace temperature * T f is the current temperature of the furnace 113 in the gas conversion device 11, which is measured by the furnace controller 114. Figure 3 As shown, * Q a is the real-time measured ammonia flow rate, * Q h is the hydrogen flow rate measured in real time. The first gas may be ammonia, and the second gas may be hydrogen.

[0099] S700: According to the current flow rate of the first gas * Q a , the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h and current furnace temperature * T f , obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar and reference furnace temperature * T fr .

[0100] S700 aims to ensure the flow rate Q of the second gas (hydrogen) h Under the premise of stability, the furnace temperature should be reduced as much as possible to save energy. S700 may include the following contents C1 to C3.

[0101] C1: If the current furnace temperature * T f Reduce the temperature by a preset step size H t After that, it is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , regulating the current flow rate of the first gas * Q a for * Qar , in order to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas stable, if the flow rate of the first gas after regulation * Q ar If the temperature is within the preset range, the furnace temperature is continuously lowered to a value not less than the minimum preset furnace temperature according to the preset temperature step, and the flow rate of the first gas is continuously adjusted. * Q ar , to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h stability.

[0102] like Figure 5 As shown, the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl is the lower limit of the temperature at which the second gas (hydrogen) can be normally produced. The preset range of the flow rate of the first gas is [Q al , Q au ], the preset temperature step is H t , H t It can be 0.5℃. Figure 6 , which shows the relationship between ammonia, hydrogen and furnace temperature. It can be seen that the hydrogen flow rate increases with the increase of ammonia flow rate, and the hydrogen flow rate increases with the increase of furnace temperature. Figure 6 The flow rate of the first gas (ammonia) is adjusted to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas (hydrogen), for example, by increasing or decreasing at least one flow rate step to adjust.

[0103] C2: If the current furnace temperature * T f Reduce the temperature by at least one preset furnace temperature step H t After that, it is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , and the regulated flow rate of the first gas is outside the preset range, the flow rate of the first gas is regulated to the maximum flow rate or the minimum flow rate to obtain a reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar , and adjust the furnace temperature to obtain the reference furnace temperature * T fr , in order to maintain the stability of the flow rate of the second gas. It should be noted that due to the reference flow rate * Q ar is also the flow rate of the first gas after regulation, so it is also used * Q ar express.

[0104] like Figure 5 As shown, in this case, * T f -H t >T fl , * Q ar ≤Q al ,or * Qar ≥Q au ,like * Q ar ≤Q al , then control * Q ar =Q al ,like * Q ar ≥Q au , then control * Q ar =Q au (Right now * Q ar If it is not within the preset range, * Q ar Adjust to the upper or lower limit of the range. * Q ar is the reference flow rate of the first gas. * Q ar The hydrogen flow rate can no longer be adjusted, so the only way to keep the hydrogen flow rate stable is to adjust the furnace temperature. The final furnace temperature is the reference furnace temperature. * T fr .

[0105] refer to Figure 6 , according to the measured hydrogen flow rate * Q h The furnace temperature is adjusted to keep it stable. For example, the hydrogen flow rate * Q h 12L / min, * Q a If the hydrogen flow rate is 8L / min (assuming it is the upper or lower limit), the furnace temperature to maintain a stable hydrogen flow rate should be 680°C, but the actual furnace temperature is 700°C. In this case, you only need to adjust the furnace temperature to 680°C. Figure 6 The above example is only for the purpose of explaining how to adjust according to the corresponding relationship between the three. Figure 6 Adjustments should be made and the specific values ​​should be selected according to actual conditions.

[0106] C3: If the current furnace temperature * T f After reducing the temperature by at least one preset furnace temperature step, t Less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , the reduced furnace temperature is adjusted to the minimum preset furnace temperature to obtain the reference furnace temperature, and the flow rate of the first gas is adjusted * Q ar , to obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar , maintain the current flow rate of the second gas * Q hstability.

[0107] like Figure 5 As shown, in this case, * T fr = * T f -H t ≤T fl , that is, the furnace temperature after adjustment * T fr Less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , then adjust the regulated furnace temperature to the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl The reference furnace temperature * T fr Since the furnace temperature cannot be adjusted at this time, the only way to adjust the ammonia flow rate is to * Q ar To maintain the hydrogen flow rate * Q h The ammonia flow rate obtained at this time is the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar It should be noted that due to the reference furnace temperature * T fr It is also the furnace temperature after adjustment, so it is also used * T fr express.

[0108] Continue to refer Figure 6 , such as hydrogen flow rate * Q h 12L / min, reference furnace temperature * T fr At 680°C (assuming it is the lower limit), the ammonia flow rate that maintains a stable hydrogen flow rate * Q h It should be 8L / min, but the actual ammonia flow rate is 10L / min. In this case, the ammonia flow rate can be adjusted to 8L / min. Figure 6 The above example is only for the purpose of explaining how to adjust according to the corresponding relationship between the three. Figure 6 Adjustments should be made and the specific values ​​should be selected according to actual conditions.

[0109] After the above adjustment, if the hydrogen flow rate still changes, continue to make the above adjustment until the hydrogen flow rate stabilizes.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the energy management method is used to obtain the first reference power of the first energy supplier (PEM fuel cell 121), * P fcr After that, you can get the corresponding * P fcrThe hydrogen flow rate and ammonia flow rate are adjusted to maintain the stability of the hydrogen flow rate at this moment. * P fcr , then adjust the ammonia flow rate and furnace temperature according to the contents of C1 to C3 above, and the output corresponds to * P fcr Ammonia flow rate reference value * Q ar and reference furnace temperature * T fr , to adjust the ammonia flow rate and furnace temperature to the corresponding reference values. * P fcr When the value changes, the corresponding hydrogen flow rate also changes, and then the ammonia flow rate and furnace temperature are adjusted according to the contents of C1 to C3 above. Therefore, the entire hybrid functional architecture is adjusted in real time to ensure efficient operation.

[0111] The above adjustment can optimize the ammonia flow rate and minimize the furnace temperature, maximize the operating efficiency of the gas conversion device 11, and enable the gas conversion device 11 to provide stable hydrogen to the PEM fuel cell 121 in the fuel cell device 12, making the operation of the PEM fuel cell 121 more efficient and stable.

[0112] It should be noted that if * T f ≤T fl , that is, the furnace temperature measured in real time * T f If the temperature is less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature when it is not lowered, the furnace temperature can be * T f The furnace temperature is set to the minimum preset temperature, and the hydrogen flow rate is then kept constant by adjusting the ammonia flow rate.

[0113] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it is an energy conversion architecture diagram of ammonia driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid application shown in other embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 2 The difference is that Figure 2 The motor controller 4 is used to output power to the motor 3, Figure 7 Inverter 3' is used to output AC power. Figure 8 A DC-DC converter 3 is used in the process to output direct current. The energy management method of the embodiment of the present disclosure is applicable to Figure 7 and Figure 8 Hybrid applications in .

[0114] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy management system 900, including an acquisition module 901 and a processing module 902. The acquisition module 901 is used to acquire a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supply. The processing module 902 is used to acquire a current power change rate of the first energy supply based on the first current output power and the previous output power. The processing module 902 is also used to acquire a first reference power of the first energy supply based on the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate. The acquisition module 901 is also used to acquire a second current output power of a second energy supply. The processing module 902 is also used to acquire a second reference power of the second energy supply based on the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power. The acquisition module 901 is also used to obtain the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature, wherein the first energy supplier is connected to the gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into the second gas by the gas conversion device, the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supplier, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device. The processing module 902 is also used to obtain the reference flow rate and reference furnace temperature of the first gas based on the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing module 902 may include: Figure 3 An optimized distribution controller 60 , a fuel cell power limiter 10 , and a high dynamic power limiter 20 are shown.

[0116] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer device, including a processor, a memory, and an input / output interface; the processor is connected to the memory and the input / output interface, respectively, wherein the input / output interface is used to receive and output data, the memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call computer programs, so that the computer device executes the energy management method in any of the above embodiments.

[0117] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor so that a computer device having a processor executes the energy management method in any of the above embodiments.

[0118] The computer device and computer-readable storage medium of the embodiments of the present disclosure, by executing the above-mentioned energy management method, optimally distribute the load power between the first energy supply and the second energy supply, so that the first energy supply and the second energy supply can operate efficiently, and then the entire electrical equipment can operate efficiently, while extending the performance degradation of the first energy supply and the second energy supply, and extending the service life of the first energy supply and the second energy supply.

[0119] It should be understood that the present disclosure does not limit its application to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components proposed in this specification. The present disclosure can have other embodiments and can be implemented and executed in a variety of ways. The aforementioned variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or evident in the text and / or the drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best mode known for implementing the present disclosure and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An energy management method, It is characterized in that include: Obtaining a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supplier; Acquire a current power change rate of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power and the previous output power; Acquire a first reference power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; Obtaining a second current output power of a second energy supplier; Acquire a second reference power of the second energy supplier according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; Obtaining a current flow rate of the first gas, a current flow rate of the second gas, and a current furnace temperature; wherein the first energy supplier is connected to a gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into the second gas by the gas conversion device, the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supplier, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device; A reference flow rate and a reference furnace temperature of the first gas are acquired according to a current flow rate of the first gas, a current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Acquiring a first reference power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate includes: Obtaining a first preset power threshold of the first energy supplier; Acquire a first current limited power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power and the first preset power threshold; Acquire a previous limited power of the first energy supplier according to the previous output power and the first preset power threshold; Obtaining a power change rate threshold of the first energy supplier; The first reference power is acquired according to the first current limited power, the previous limited power, the current power change rate, and the power change rate threshold.

3. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The power change rate threshold includes a maximum power change rate and a minimum power change rate; Acquiring the first reference power according to the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the current power change rate, and the power change rate threshold includes: According to the maximum value of the power change rate and the minimum value of the power change rate, obtaining the maximum dynamic power variable and the minimum dynamic power variable of the first energy supplier; The first reference power is acquired according to the current power change rate, the maximum power change rate, the minimum power change rate, the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the maximum dynamic power variable and the minimum dynamic power variable.

4. The method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that Acquiring the first reference power according to the current power change rate, the maximum power change rate, the minimum power change rate, the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the maximum dynamic power variable, and the minimum dynamic power variable, including: If R pfc,min ≤R pfc (t k )≤R pfc,max ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k ); If R pfc (t k )<R pfc,min ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k-1 )+ΔP fc,min ; If R pfc (t k )>R pfc,max ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k-1 )+ΔP fc,max ; Among them, R pfc,min is the minimum value of the power change rate, R pfc,max is the maximum value of the power change rate, R pfc (t k ) is the current power change rate, * P fcr (t k ) is the first reference power, * P fcl (t k ) is the first current limit power, * P fcl (t k-1 ) is the previous limiting power, ΔP fc,min is the minimum dynamic power variable, ΔP fc,max is the maximum dynamic power variable, t k represents the current time, t k-1 Represents the previous moment, k ≥ 1 and is a positive integer.

5. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Acquiring a second reference power of the second energy supplier according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power, comprising: Obtaining a second preset power threshold of the second energy supplier; The second reference power is acquired according to the first current output power, the second current output power, the first reference power and the second preset power threshold.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that Acquiring a reference flow rate and a reference furnace temperature of the first gas according to a current flow rate of the first gas, a current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature, comprising: If the current furnace temperature is lowered by a preset furnace temperature step and is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature, the current flow rate of the first gas is regulated to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas; if the regulated flow rate of the first gas is within a preset range, the furnace temperature is further lowered according to the preset temperature step and the flow rate of the first gas is further regulated to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas; If the current furnace temperature is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature after being reduced by at least one preset furnace temperature step, and the regulated flow rate of the first gas is outside a preset range, the flow rate of the first gas is regulated to a maximum flow rate or a minimum flow rate to obtain a reference flow rate of the first gas, and the furnace temperature is regulated to obtain the reference furnace temperature to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas; If the current furnace temperature is less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature after being reduced by at least one preset furnace temperature step, the reduced furnace temperature is adjusted to the minimum preset furnace temperature to obtain a reference furnace temperature, and the flow rate of the first gas is adjusted to obtain a reference flow rate of the first gas to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas stable.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The first energy supplier includes a fuel cell, and the second energy supplier includes a supercapacitor and a battery; Acquiring a first current output power of a first energy supplier and acquiring a second current output power of a second energy supplier include: Acquiring the current load power, the current energy state of the supercapacitor and the current charge state of the battery; The first current output power and the second current output power are acquired according to the current load power, the current energy state, and the current charge state.

8. An energy management system, It is characterized in that include: An acquisition module, used for acquiring a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supplier; A processing module, configured to obtain a current power change rate of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power and the previous output power; The processing module is further used to obtain a first reference power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; The acquisition module is also used to acquire the second current output power of the second energy supplier; The processing module is further used to obtain a second reference power of the second energy supplier according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; The acquisition module is further used to acquire the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature; wherein the first energy supplier is connected to the gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into the second gas by the gas conversion device, the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supplier, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device; The processing module is further configured to obtain a reference flow rate and a reference furnace temperature of the first gas according to a current flow rate of the first gas, a current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature.

9. A computer device, It is characterized in that It includes a processor, a memory and an input-output interface; the processor is connected to the memory and the input-output interface respectively, wherein the input-output interface is used to receive data and output data, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call the computer program so that the computer device executes the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor, so that a computer device having the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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