Quinoa flower extracting solution as well as extracting method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a quinoa flower quilt extracting solution as well as an extracting method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of farming. The extraction method of the quinoa flower extracted solution comprises the following steps: soaking dried quinoa flowers in an acidic solvent or an alkaline solvent at the soaking temperature of 20-25 DEG C for 5-6 hours to obtain the quinoa flower extracted solution, and then centrifuging and filtering the quinoa flower extracted solution to obtain the quinoa flower extracted solution. The quinoa flower extracted solution can effectively inhibit germination of quinoa ears, the inhibition rate reaches up to 82.1%, and the yield and quality of quinoa can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular relates to a quinoa perianth extract, an extraction method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Quinoa is rich in nutrients. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has determined that quinoa is the only food crop that can meet all the nutritional needs of humans. As people pay more and more attention to their health and pursue balanced nutrition, quinoa plays an increasingly important role in maintaining human health and promoting global economic development. At the same time, as a typical representative crop that is resistant to environmental stress, quinoa has become an agronomic crop that can be grown normally in marginal soils and highly variable climates.

[0003] Ear sprouting refers to the phenomenon that grains germinate directly on the mother plant when the grains are continuously exposed to high temperature and high humidity before being harvested in the field. Ear sprouting of quinoa is a global agricultural problem. Once ear sprouting occurs, the grain yield and quality will drop significantly, and food security will be difficult to guarantee. The global economic losses directly caused by ear sprouting are as high as US$1 billion each year. Ear sprouting causes the hydrolysis of starch, protein, lipids, etc. in the endosperm, thereby reducing the weight of the grains, indirectly providing a favorable living environment for saprophytic fungi, accelerating the corruption and deterioration of seeds and losing vitality, and at the same time having an adverse effect on the quality of seedlings. Therefore, in the face of the growing population and increasingly frequent natural disasters, ensuring food production safety is a necessary condition for solving the above problems.

[0004] At present, there are many studies on the spike germination of traditional crops, and some effective chemical agents for inhibiting spike germination have also been found. However, the seed structure of quinoa is completely different from that of traditional crops. Therefore, the methods used to inhibit spike germination of traditional crops are completely useless for the spike germination of quinoa. In addition, the use of traditional chemical agents will also threaten food and food safety. Therefore, the problem of quinoa spike germination needs to be solved urgently.

[0005] Plant-derived allelopathic substances are produced by the plant's own leaching, exudation, or self-release during decomposition. Allelopathic substances can stimulate or inhibit plant germination and increase crop resistance to biotic or abiotic stresses. In addition, plant-derived allelopathic substances do not produce residual or toxic effects in the soil. Therefore, the use of plant-derived allelopathic substances to inhibit quinoa spike germination has good prospects. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention discloses a quinoa perianth extract and an extraction method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that traditional crop ear germination inhibitors have poor inhibitory effects on quinoa ear germination.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a method for extracting a quinoa perianth extract, which comprises the following steps: S1: Soak the dried quinoa perianth in an acid solution or a salt solution at an immersion temperature of 20-25°C for 5-6 hours to obtain a quinoa perianth extract; S2: Centrifuge and filter the quinoa perianth extract to obtain it.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0009] Further, the drying temperature is 30-40°C and the drying time is 4.5-5.5 hours.

[0010] Further, the salt solution is an aqueous sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.001-0.01M; the acid solution is an aqueous acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.001-0.01M; the material-liquid ratio of the quinoa perianth to the solution is 1g: 40-50mL.

[0011] The present invention also discloses the application of the above quinoa perianth extract in the preparation of a quinoa germination inhibitor.

[0012] Further, the quinoa ear germination inhibitor is used to inhibit quinoa germination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the germination situation of quinoa grains after 48 hours of treatment with clear water; Figure 2 It is a diagram of the germination situation of quinoa grains after 48 hours of treatment with the quinoa perianth extract; Figure 3 It is a diagram of the germination situation of quinoa ears after 72 hours of spraying with clear water; Figure 4 It is a diagram of the germination situation of quinoa ears after 72 hours of spraying with the quinoa perianth extract.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The quinoa perianth extract is derived from the plant itself, has no toxic effect on the plant, and after spraying the quinoa ears, the germination inhibition rate of the quinoa ears can reach 82.1%, which can improve the yield and quality of quinoa. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The following describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0016] Example 1 A quinoa perianth extract, the extraction method thereof comprises the following steps: S1: Dry the quinoa perianth at 37 °C for 5 h, then soak the quinoa perianth in an aqueous sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.005 M at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL and soak for 6 h at 20 °C to obtain a quinoa perianth extract; S2: Centrifuge and filter the quinoa perianth extract to obtain it.

[0017] Example 2 A quinoa perianth extract, and its extraction method includes the following steps: S1: Dry the quinoa perianth at 30 °C for 5.5 h, then soak the quinoa perianth in an aqueous sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.001 M at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:40 mL and soak for 6 h at 25 °C to obtain a quinoa perianth extract; S2: Centrifuge and filter the quinoa perianth extract to obtain it.

[0018] Example 3 A quinoa perianth extract, and its extraction method includes the following steps: S1: Dry the quinoa perianth at 40 °C for 4.5 h, then soak the quinoa perianth in an aqueous acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.002 M at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:45 mL and soak for 5 h at 20 °C to obtain a quinoa perianth extract; S2: Centrifuge and filter the quinoa perianth extract to obtain it.

[0019] Example 4 A quinoa perianth extract, and its extraction method includes the following steps: S1: Dry the quinoa perianth at 35 °C for 5 h, then soak the quinoa perianth in an aqueous sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.001 M at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:50 mL and soak for 6 h at 20 °C to obtain a quinoa perianth extract; S2: Centrifuge and filter the quinoa perianth extract to obtain it.

[0020] Experimental Example ① Metabolomics analysis of quinoa perianth extract Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-combined quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-MS), 73 and 51 differential metabolites were identified in the two components in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. An online tool software was used to screen with P value < 0.05 and Fold change (FC) > 2 as the thresholds. Analyzing the screening results, in the positive ion mode, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, coumarin, diosmetin, 3-indoleacetic acid, L-phenylalanine, sinapic acid, and trans-cinnamic acid were substances with increased metabolite contents, and methyl jasmonate and pulegone were substances with decreased metabolite contents; in the negative ion mode, only 3-indolecarboxylic acid was a substance with an increased metabolite content, and bornyl acetate was a substance with a decreased content with an obvious difference but a difference multiple less than 2 times; the remaining metabolites were all substances with decreased metabolite contents, including azelaic acid, methyl cinnamate, phenylacetaldehyde, and umbelliferone. Among them, in the positive ion mode, there were 10 inhibitory substances, and in the negative ion mode, there were 6 inhibitory substances. These 16 substances together constituted the main substances inhibiting the germination of quinoa ears.

[0021] ② Inhibiting the germination of quinoa grains Select plump and morphologically intact quinoa seeds as experimental materials for grain germination. Soak the quinoa seeds in 0.45% NaClO solution for 4 min for disinfection, then slowly rinse the seeds with real running water for 10 min to remove the residual reagents. Subsequently, use tweezers to take out the disinfected seeds and place them in a crystallization petri dish lined with filter paper. Place 30 seeds in each petri dish. Set up an extract treatment group and a distilled water treatment control group, with 3 replicates within each group. Add 10 mL of quinoa perianth extract to the petri dishes in the extract treatment group and 10 mL of distilled water to the distilled water control group. Place the petri dishes in a constant temperature light incubator to simulate the natural germination conditions of the seeds: temperature 25 °C, light 16 / 24 h, and air humidity 60%. Count the number of germinated quinoa seeds every 4 h and calculate the seed germination rate. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0022] Table 1

[0023] As can be seen from the above table, after 48 h of cultivation, the germination rate of quinoa seeds treated with distilled water reached 100%, while the germination rate of seeds treated with the extract decreased significantly. The germination situation of quinoa grains after 48 h of cultivation is as Figures 1 - 2 shown.

[0024] ③ Inhibiting the germination of quinoa ears Select quinoa plants at the mature stage with consistent growth period, growth vigor and morphology in the field, hang labels to record them as experimental objects, divide them into the treatment group with quinoa perianth extract and the control group with water treatment, and set 3 biological replicates. 36 hours before the start of the experiment, spray the spikes of quinoa plants with quinoa perianth extract and water every 12 hours respectively, for a total of 3 times. At the start of the experiment, spray water on the quinoa plants to simulate the rainfall environment, and count the germination of the two groups after 72 hours. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0025] Table 2

[0026] As can be seen from the above table, after spraying for 72 hours, the germination rate of quinoa spikes treated with water reached 100%, while the germination rate of quinoa spikes treated with the extract decreased significantly. The germination of quinoa spikes after spraying for 72 hours is as Figures 3 - 4 shown.

[0027] Although the specific implementation modes of the present invention have been described in detail in combination with the embodiments, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts still fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for extracting quinoa perianth extract, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: soaking the dried quinoa perianth in an acid solution or a salt solution at a temperature of 20-25° C. for 5-6 hours to obtain a quinoa perianth extract; S2: Centrifuge and filter the quinoa perianth extract to obtain.

2. The method for extracting quinoa perianth extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature is 30~40℃ and the drying time is 4.5~5.5h.

3. The method for extracting quinoa perianth extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt solution is a sodium chloride aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.001-0.01M; the acid solution is an acetic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.001-0.01M; the solid-liquid ratio of quinoa perianth to the solution is 1g:40-50mL.

4. The quinoa perianth extract obtained by the method for extracting the quinoa perianth extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. An application of quinoa perianth extract, characterized in that: The quinoa perianth extract according to claim 4 is used to prepare a quinoa germination inhibitor.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The quinoa spike germination inhibitor is used for inhibiting quinoa germination.

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