Potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with effect of preventing and treating plant diseases and application of potato residue fermented compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with a plant disease prevention and treatment effect and application of the potato residue fermented compound fertilizer. The invention provides a potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and treating plant diseases, which comprises a potato residue fermented organic fertilizer and a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation in a mass ratio of (90-110): (11-17). The traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation and the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer are matched for use, the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is further improved due to the addition of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation, the fertilizer has the effect of preventing and treating plant diseases, and the dual effects of promoting growth and preventing diseases are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases and its application. Background Art

[0002] Among the food crops widely planted globally, production efficiency and quality directly affect food safety and farmers' income, and are of great significance for ensuring food security and improving farmers' living standards.

[0003] Nowadays, unreasonable or excessive fertilizer application may lead to problems such as soil quality degradation, environmental pollution, and decline in crop yield and quality. Strengthening and improving the treatment of pollutants and enhancing the resource utilization efficiency of pollutants are urgent problems to be solved in the development of the green industry. Using the production composting technology to produce organic fertilizers can more quickly achieve the harmless treatment and resource utilization of potato residues.

[0004] In the process of potato processing, in order to extract starch or make potato chips, multiple steps such as washing, peeling, slicing, and soaking are required. The waste generated in these steps is mainly the potato skin, fragments, and starch that cannot be fully extracted, etc., which together constitute potato residues. Although these wastes contain certain nutrients, the proportion is unbalanced and it is difficult to be directly utilized. Processing potato residues into high-efficiency organic fertilizers required for agricultural production can not only make use of waste, but also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production, reduce the negative impact of chemical fertilizers on the soil and crops, and improve the yield and safety of agricultural products.

[0005] Although the production of organic fertilizers is the main mode of harmless treatment and resource utilization of potato residues, due to the lack of mature supporting technologies in organic fertilizer production, the treatment effects vary, and there are still problems such as high water content, insufficient fermentation, and low nutrient content in the aerobic composting of potato residues. Therefore, how to make full use of the residual value of potato residues and further process them into organic fertilizers with rich nutrient content and high fertilizer efficiency is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to solve.

[0006] Chinese herbal medicines are rich in resources and widely sourced. They have attracted people's attention due to their advantages such as no drug resistance and drug residues, small toxic and side effects, low cost, being natural, and having remarkable effects. Chinese herbal medicines contain nutrients such as proteins, amino acids, vitamins, lipids, carbohydrates, macroelements, and various trace elements. They also contain a large amount of organic acids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, volatile oils, waxes, tannins, and some unknown growth-promoting active substances. Therefore, Chinese herbal medicines contain both nutrients for plants to absorb and utilize and active ingredients with bactericidal effects. Reasonable use of Chinese herbal medicines can not only develop more types of fertilizers with high fertilizer efficiency but also solve problems such as pathogen drug resistance and excessive drug residues caused by chemical drugs and antibiotics, achieving two birds with one stone. Therefore, how to apply Chinese herbal medicines in the preparation of organic fertilizers and develop a potato residue fermentation compound fertilizer with the prevention and control of plant diseases is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a potato residue fermentation compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases and its application.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a potato residue fermentation compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases, including: potato residue fermentation organic fertilizer and a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation, with a mass ratio of 90 - 110:11 - 17;

[0010] Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation includes the following components in parts by mass: 40 - 50 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 20 - 30 parts of Peucedanum praeruptorum, 20 - 30 parts of Melia azedarach bark, 15 - 20 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 15 - 20 parts of Eleutherococcus senticosus, 15 - 20 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 10 - 15 parts of Acorus calamus, 10 - 15 parts of Sophora flavescens, 5 - 10 parts of Atractylodes lancea, 4 - 6 parts of Celosia cristata.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is as follows:

[0012] (1) Mix and pulverize Astragalus membranaceus, Peucedanum praeruptorum, Melia azedarach bark, Paeonia lactiflora, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Andrographis paniculata, Acorus calamus, Sophora flavescens, Atractylodes lancea, and Celosia cristata to obtain material 1;

[0013] (2) Mix material 1 with water in a mass ratio of 1:5 - 7, soak, and then decoct, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the pulverized material is passed through a 40 - 60 - mesh sieve, and the material passing through the sieve is material 1; in step (2), the soaking time is 3 - 5 h; the decocting time is 2 - 3 h.

[0015] The present invention also provides a potato residue fermented organic fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 150-200 parts of potato residue, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 4-6 parts of soybean meal, 4-6 parts of corn flour, 10-20 parts of furfural residue, 1-2 parts of fermentation bacterium agent, and 1-2 parts of compound bacterium agent; the fermentation bacterium agent comprises: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride; the compound bacterium agent comprises: Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus sporogenes and Pseudoalteromonas.

[0016] Preferably, the bacteria content of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation bacterium agent is 200-400 million / mL.

[0017] Preferably, the bacteria content of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus sporogenes and Pseudoalteromonas in the compound bacterium agent is 300-500 million / mL.

[0018] Preferably, the volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation bacterium agent is 20-26:18-24:15-19:7-13:4-6.

[0019] Preferably, the volume ratio of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus sporogenes and Pseudoalteromonas in the compound bacterium agent is 12-16:10-14:6-10:5-9.

[0020] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] (a) Mix potato residue, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn flour, furfural residue and fermentation bacterium agent, adjust the water content and then carry out composting;

[0022] (b) Mix the composted material obtained in step (a) with the compound bacterium agent for fermentation, and after aging, obtain the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer.

[0023] Preferably, the water content is adjusted to 60-65% in step (a).

[0024] Preferably, the composting time in step (a) is 15-20 d, and the pile is turned over every 4-6 d.

[0025] Preferably, the fermentation time in step (b) is 7-10 d.

[0026] Preferably, the aging time in step (b) is 20-30 d.

[0027] The present invention also provides the application of the potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases in preventing and controlling plant diseases.

[0028] Preferably, the plant disease is: the plant disease is: wheat root rot, wheat sheath blight, tomato phytophthora root rot or tomato early blight.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Potato residue is a byproduct produced in the production process of potato starch. It has high water content, many self-contained bacteria, and is easy to spoil. However, it contains a large amount of available components such as cellulose, pectin, and crude protein, and has a high development and utilization value. Among the fermentation bacteria used in the present invention, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride can effectively decompose the crude fiber in potato residue, and the use of capsule-coated yeast can decompose macromolecular proteins into small molecular proteins that can be directly utilized. Bacillus subtilis can decompose various organic substances, and Lactobacillus mansoni has the effect of activating the middle elements such as silicon, calcium, and magnesium in the fermentation material, and also has the function of decomposing phosphorus and potassium.

[0031] The composite bacterial agent used in the present invention can further decompose and utilize the fermented material, and its main function is that it can be applied to the soil as a probiotic strain, which can activate the soil and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer. The Bacillus cereus and Lactobacillus inulinus added in the composite bacterial agent have the functions of solubilizing phosphorus and potassium, which can improve the soil fertilizer efficiency and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer. Bacillus alvei and Pseudomonas have an antibacterial effect, have excellent control effects on a variety of plant pathogens, and can also enhance the stress resistance of crops.

[0032] Among the components added to the Chinese medicine composite preparation of the present invention, astragalus is rich in various nutrients, such as organic acids, amino acids, vitamins and trace elements, etc., and these components have a good promoting effect on the growth and development of plants. Red peony root contains a variety of organic nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium, etc., especially contains a variety of organic acids, and is also rich in plant growth hormones, which also have significant effects on promoting the growth and development of plants, enhancing plant immunity and improving yield and quality. Atractylodes lancea has a significant fertilizer effect when used as a fertilizer component, and can also effectively improve soil structure, which is conducive to improving the quality of agricultural products. Andrographis paniculata has a variety of biologically active ingredients, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, etc., which can have a significant preventive effect on a variety of diseases. Sophora flavescens contains rich nutrients, and the matrine contained in Sophora flavescens has a good preventive effect on wheat sheath blight and tomato phytophthora root rot.

[0033] Toosendan bark contains toosendanin, which can inhibit or interfere with the production of highly harmful aflatoxins by fungi, has a strong inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, and has good control effects on a variety of plant diseases. Acanthopanax senticosus has good control effects on powdery mildew of plants and plant diseases caused by other types of bacteria or fungi. Peucedanum praeruptorum has a certain effect on the control of rice blast. The addition of Acanthopanax senticosus can promote plant growth, improve the growth rate of crops and the nutrient absorption capacity, and at the same time, can improve the disease resistance of plants and reduce the degree of plant damage by diseases and pests. Acorus calamus can effectively control a variety of plant diseases. Celosia cristata has good control effects on tomato gray mold.

[0034] The components of the traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation prepared by the present invention have a synergistic effect, and have a dual effect of effectively controlling plant diseases and promoting the growth of crops. For a variety of plant diseases, such as wheat root rot pathogen, wheat sheath blight pathogen, tomato Phytophthora root rot pathogen, etc., it has excellent control effects.

[0035] The present invention uses the traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation in combination with potato residue fermented organic fertilizer. The addition of the traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation not only further improves the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer, but also makes the fertilizer have the effect of controlling plant diseases, achieving the dual effects of promoting growth and preventing diseases. Specific embodiments

[0036] The present invention provides a potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of controlling plant diseases, including: potato residue fermented organic fertilizer and traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation, with a mass ratio of 90-110:11-17; preferably 94-106:12-16; more preferably 98-102:13-15; even more preferably 100:14.

[0037] In the present invention, the traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation includes the following components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 20-30 parts of Peucedanum praeruptorum, 20-30 parts of Toosendan bark, 15-20 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 15-20 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 15-20 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 10-15 parts of Acorus calamus, 10-15 parts of Sophora flavescens, 5-10 parts of Atractylodes lancea, 4-6 parts of Celosia cristata; preferably: 42-48 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 22-28 parts of Peucedanum praeruptorum, 22-28 parts of Toosendan bark, 16-19 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 16-19 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 16-19 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 11-14 parts of Acorus calamus, 11-14 parts of Sophora flavescens, 6-9 parts of Atractylodes lancea, 5 parts of Celosia cristata; more preferably 44-46 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 24-26 parts of Peucedanum praeruptorum, 24-26 parts of Toosendan bark, 17-18 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 17-18 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 17-18 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 12-13 parts of Acorus calamus, 12-13 parts of Sophora flavescens, 7-8 parts of Atractylodes lancea, 5 parts of Celosia cristata; even more preferably 45 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 25 parts of Peucedanum praeruptorum, 25 parts of Toosendan bark, 18 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 18 parts of Acanthopanax senticosus, 18 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 13 parts of Acorus calamus, 13 parts of Sophora flavescens, 8 parts of Atractylodes lancea, 5 parts of Celosia cristata.

[0038] In the present invention, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is as follows:

[0039] (1) Mix and pulverize astragalus root, purple foxglove root, melia bark, red peony root, acanthopanax root, common andrographis herb, calamus, lightyellow sophora root, atractylodes rhizome and cockscomb flower to obtain material 1;

[0040] (2) Mix material 1 with water at a mass ratio of 1:5 - 7, soak and then decoct, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0041] In the present invention, the mass ratio of material 1 to water is preferably 1:6.

[0042] In the present invention, in step (1), the pulverized material is sieved through a 40 - 60 mesh sieve, and the material passing through the sieve is material 1; preferably 44 - 56 mesh, more preferably 48 - 52 mesh; even more preferably 50 mesh.

[0043] In the present invention, in step (2), the soaking time is 3 - 5 h; preferably 4 h.

[0044] In the present invention, in step (2), the decocting time is 2 - 3 h; preferably 2.5 h.

[0045] The present invention also provides a fermented organic fertilizer from potato residues, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 150 - 200 parts of potato residues, 10 - 20 parts of wheat bran, 4 - 6 parts of soybean meal, 4 - 6 parts of corn flour, 10 - 20 parts of furfural residues, 1 - 2 parts of fermentation bacterium agent, 1 - 2 parts of compound bacterium agent; preferably 160 - 190 parts of potato residues, 12 - 18 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of corn flour, 12 - 18 parts of furfural residues, 1.5 parts of fermentation bacterium agent, 1.5 parts of compound bacterium agent; more preferably 170 - 180 parts of potato residues, 14 - 16 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of corn flour, 14 - 16 parts of furfural residues, 1.5 parts of fermentation bacterium agent, 1.5 parts of compound bacterium agent; even more preferably 175 parts of potato residues, 15 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of furfural residues, 1.5 parts of fermentation bacterium agent, 1.5 parts of compound bacterium agent.

[0046] In the present invention, the fermentation bacterium agent includes: bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus reuteri, saccharomycopsis fibuligera, trichoderma harzianum and trichoderma viride; the compound bacterium agent includes: bacillus cereus, paenibacillus alvei, lactobacillus sporogenes and pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes.

[0047] In the present invention, the bacteria content of bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus reuteri, saccharomycopsis fibuligera, trichoderma harzianum and trichoderma viride in the fermentation bacterium agent is 2 - 4×10⁸ / mL; preferably 3×10⁸ / mL.

[0048] In the present invention, the viable count of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in the compound bacterial agent is 300 million to 500 million / mL; preferably 400 million / mL.

[0049] In the present invention, the volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation bacterial agent is 20 - 26:18 - 24:15 - 19:7 - 13:4 - 6; preferably 21 - 25:19 - 23:16 - 18:8 - 12:5; more preferably 22 - 24:20 - 22:17:9 - 11:5; even more preferably 23:21:17:10:5.

[0050] In the present invention, the volume ratio of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in the compound bacterial agent is 12 - 16:10 - 14:6 - 10:5 - 9; preferably 13 - 15:11 - 13:7 - 9:6 - 8; more preferably 14:12:8:7.

[0051] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (a) Mix potato residue, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn flour, furfural residue, and the fermentation bacterial agent, adjust the water content, and then carry out composting;

[0053] (b) Mix the composted material obtained in step (a) with the compound bacterial agent for fermentation, and after aging, obtain the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer.

[0054] In the present invention, in step (a), the water content is adjusted to 60 - 65%; preferably 61 - 64%; more preferably 62 - 63%; even more preferably 62%.

[0055] In the present invention, in step (a), the composting time is 15 - 20 d, and the pile is turned every 4 - 6 d; preferably the composting time is 16 - 19 d, and the pile is turned every 5 d; more preferably the composting time is 17 - 18 d, and the pile is turned every 5 d; even more preferably the composting time is 18 d, and the pile is turned every 5 d.

[0056] In the present invention, in step (b), the fermentation time is 7 - 10 d; preferably 8 - 9 d; more preferably 9 d.

[0057] In the present invention, in step (b), the aging time is 20 - 30 d; preferably 22 - 28 d; more preferably 24 - 26 d; even more preferably 25 d.

[0058] The present invention also provides the application of the potato residue fermented compound fertilizer having the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases in preventing and controlling plant diseases.

[0059] In the present invention, the plant diseases are wheat root rot, wheat sharp eyespot, tomato Phytophthora root rot or tomato early blight.

[0060] In the present invention, the sources of the strains are Bacillus subtilis (Mingzhou Biology B12039), Lactobacillus leichmannii (ATCC7830), Saccharomycopsis fibuligera (ATCC 32693), Trichoderma harzianum (Mingzhou Biology BMZ112200), Trichoderma viride (Mingzhou Biology BMZ127533), Bacillus cereus (Mingzhou Biology B81109), Paenibacillus alvei (Mingzhou Biology B94678), Lactobacillus inulinus (ATCC 15538) and Pseudomonas pseudoalteromonas (NCCB 100134).

[0061] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] A method for preparing a potato residue fermented organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0064] (1) Mix 150 kg of potato residue, 10 kg of wheat bran, 4 kg of soybean meal, 4 kg of corn flour and 10 kg of furfural residue evenly with a turning vehicle, and turn and inject oxygen to obtain a fermentation base material.

[0065] (2) Add 1 kg of brown sugar to 55 L of normal temperature water, add 1.2 kg of salt and 1.2 kg of urea, heat to boiling to remove miscellaneous bacteria, and when the temperature drops to 37 °C, put it into a fermentation barrel for standby.

[0066] (3) Divide the brown sugar water obtained in step (2) into 9 parts, and inoculate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus leichmannii, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus and Pseudomonas pseudoalteromonas respectively according to a volume ratio of 4.5%, stir evenly, seal, and put it into a culture room. The temperature of the culture room is controlled at 25 ± 2 °C and cultured for 24 hours.

[0067] (4) Mix the Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus leichmannii, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride obtained in step (3) to obtain a fermentation inoculant, wherein the volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus leichmannii, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation inoculant is 20:18:15:7:4; the bacteria content is 200 million / mL.

[0068] (5) Mix the Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Bacillus parafibrisolvens, and Pseudoalteromonas obtained in step (3) to obtain a compound microbial agent. Among them, the volume ratio of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Bacillus parafibrisolvens, and Pseudoalteromonas in the compound microbial agent is 12:10:6:5, and the bacterial content is 300 million / mL for each.

[0069] (6) Mix 1 kg of the fermentation base material and the fermentation microbial agent, adjust the water content to 60%, and then carry out composting for 15 days, turning the pile every 4 days;

[0070] (7) Mix the composted material obtained in step (6) with 1 kg of the compound microbial agent and ferment for 7 days. After aging for 20 days, the fermented organic fertilizer from potato residues is obtained.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] A preparation method of fermented organic fertilizer from potato residues is as follows:

[0073] (1) Stir 200 kg of potato residues, 20 kg of wheat bran, 6 kg of soybean meal, 6 kg of corn flour, and 20 kg of furfural residue evenly with a turning machine, and carry out turning and oxygen injection to obtain a fermentation base material.

[0074] (2) Add 1 kg of brown sugar to 45 L of normal-temperature water, add 1 kg of table salt and 1 kg of urea, heat and boil to remove miscellaneous bacteria. When the temperature drops to 37 °C, put it into a fermentation barrel for standby.

[0075] (3) Divide the brown sugar water obtained in step (2) into 9 parts, and inoculate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Bacillus parafibrisolvens, and Pseudoalteromonas respectively according to a volume ratio of 3.6%, stir evenly, seal, and put it into a culture room. The temperature of the culture room is controlled at 25 ± 2 °C and cultured for 24 hours.

[0076] (4) Mix the Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma viride obtained in step (3) to obtain a fermentation microbial agent. Among them, the volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation microbial agent is 26:24:19:13:6; the bacterial content is 400 million / mL for each.

[0077] (5) Mix the Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Bacillus parafibrisolvens, and Pseudoalteromonas obtained in step (3) to obtain a compound microbial agent. Among them, the volume ratio of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Bacillus parafibrisolvens, and Pseudoalteromonas in the compound microbial agent is 16:14:10:9, and the bacterial content is 500 million / mL for each.

[0078] (6) Mix 2 kg of the fermented base material and the fermentation inoculant, adjust the water content to 65%, and then compost for 20 days, turning the pile every 6 days;

[0079] (7) Mix the composted material obtained in step (6) with 2 kg of the compound inoculant and ferment for 10 days. After aging for 30 days, the fermented organic fertilizer from potato residues is obtained.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] A preparation method of a fermented organic fertilizer from potato residues comprises the following steps:

[0082] (1) Stir 185 kg of potato residues, 15 kg of wheat bran, 5 kg of soybean meal, 5 kg of corn flour, and 15 kg of furfural residues evenly with a turning machine, and turn and inject oxygen to obtain the fermented base material.

[0083] (2) Add 1 kg of brown sugar to 50 L of normal-temperature water, add 1 kg of table salt and 1 kg of urea, heat and boil to remove miscellaneous bacteria. When the temperature drops to 37 °C, put it into a fermentation barrel for standby.

[0084] (3) Divide the brown sugar water obtained in step (2) into 9 parts, and inoculate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus, and Pseudoalteromonas at a volume ratio of 4% respectively. Stir evenly, seal, and put it into a culture room. The temperature of the culture room is controlled at 25 ± 2 °C and cultured for 24 hours.

[0085] (4) Mix the Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma viride obtained in step (3) to obtain the fermentation inoculant. Among them, the volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation inoculant is 23:21:17:11:5; the bacteria content is 300 million / mL for all.

[0086] (5) Mix the Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus, and Pseudoalteromonas obtained in step (3) to obtain the compound inoculant. Among them, the volume ratio of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus, and Pseudoalteromonas in the compound inoculant is 14:12:8:7, and the bacteria content is 400 million / mL for all.

[0087] (6) Mix 1.5 kg of the fermented base material and the fermentation inoculant, adjust the water content to 60%, and then compost for 18 days, turning the pile every 5 days;

[0088] (7) Mix the composted material obtained in step (6) with 1.5 kg of the compound inoculant and ferment for 8 days. After aging for 25 days, the fermented organic fertilizer from potato residues is obtained.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] A preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is as follows:

[0091] (1) Mix 40 kg of astragalus membranaceus, 20 kg of peucedanum praeruptorum, 20 kg of melia azedarach bark, 15 kg of radix paeoniae rubra, 15 kg of acanthopanax senticosus, 15 kg of andrographis paniculata, 10 kg of acorus calamus, 10 kg of sophora flavescens, 5 kg of atractylodes lancea, and 4 kg of cockscomb flower, and pulverize them through a 40-mesh sieve. The material under the sieve is Material 1;

[0092] (2) Mix the Material 1 with water at a mass ratio of 1:5, soak for 3 h, then decoct for 2 h, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] A preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is as follows:

[0095] (1) Mix 50 kg of astragalus membranaceus, 30 kg of peucedanum praeruptorum, 30 kg of melia azedarach bark, 20 kg of radix paeoniae rubra, 20 kg of acanthopanax senticosus, 20 kg of andrographis paniculata, 15 kg of acorus calamus, 15 kg of sophora flavescens, 10 kg of atractylodes lancea, and 6 kg of cockscomb flower, and pulverize them through a 60-mesh sieve. The material under the sieve is Material 1;

[0096] (2) Mix the Material 1 with water at a mass ratio of 1:7, soak for 5 h, then decoct for 3 h, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0097] Example 6

[0098] A preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is as follows:

[0099] (1) Mix 45 kg of astragalus membranaceus, 25 kg of peucedanum praeruptorum, 25 kg of melia azedarach bark, 18 kg of radix paeoniae rubra, 18 kg of acanthopanax senticosus, 18 kg of andrographis paniculata, 13 kg of acorus calamus, 13 kg of sophora flavescens, 8 kg of atractylodes lancea, and 5 kg of cockscomb flower, and pulverize them through a 50-mesh sieve. The material under the sieve is Material 1;

[0100] (2) Mix the Material 1 with water at a mass ratio of 1:6, soak for 4 h, then decoct for 2.5 h, and filter to obtain the filtrate, which is the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0101] Example 7

[0102] A potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases can be obtained by mixing the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 and the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation prepared in Example 4 at a mass ratio of 90:11.

[0103] Example 8

[0104] A potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases can be obtained by mixing the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer prepared in Example 2 and the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation prepared in Example 5 according to a mass ratio of 110:17.

[0105] Example 9

[0106] A potato residue fermented compound fertilizer with the efficacy of preventing and controlling plant diseases can be obtained by mixing the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer prepared in Example 3 and the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation prepared in Example 6 according to a mass ratio of 100:14.

[0107] Experimental Example 1

[0108] Pathogen growth inhibition test

[0109] Pathogen selection: Wheat root rot pathogen, Wheat sharp eyespot pathogen, Tomato Phytophthora root rot pathogen, Tomato early blight pathogen (the concentration of each pathogen is 1×10 6 CFU / mL).

[0110] Test grouping;

[0111] Take the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation prepared in Example 6 as Experimental Group 1;

[0112] Set Control Group 1, with other methods the same as in Example 6, the only difference being that Melia azedarach bark and Radix Paeoniae Rubra are not added.

[0113] Control Group 2, with other methods the same as in Example 6, the only difference being that Atractylodes lancea and Celosia cristata are not added.

[0114] Concentrate and lyophilize the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations prepared in Experimental Group 1, Control Group 1 and Control Group 2. Prepare the lyophilized agents obtained from different test groups into PDA plates with a concentration of 0.25 g / mL. Use a punch with a diameter of 5 mm to take the bacterial strain from the pathogen colony, inoculate it in the center of the PDA plate, and place it in an incubator at 22°C with CO 2 Cultivate for 3 days, measure the colony growth diameter, use clear water without any reagent as the control, calculate the mycelial growth inhibition rate, repeat the experiment three times, and take the average value. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0115] Table 1 Bacteriostatic effect

[0116] Group Wheat root rot Wheat sharp eyespot Tomato Phytophthora root rot Tomato early blight Experimental group 1 78.9％ 77.9％ 85.0％ 82.4％ Control group 1 52.6％ 55.7％ 65.2％ 63.7％ Control group 2 58.2％ 60.1％ 70.8％ 67.5％ Clear water 0 0 0 0

[0117] It can be seen from the content recorded in Table 1 that the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation provided by the present invention has good inhibitory effects on various pathogens. Especially for Tomato Phytophthora root rot and Tomato early blight, the bacteriostatic effects are both higher than 80%. From the data of Control Group 1 and Control Group 2, it can be seen that if some components in the preparation are discarded, it will significantly affect the use effect of the compound preparation.

[0118] Experimental Example 2

[0119] Field control efficacy test

[0120] Select a test field with a high incidence of wheat root rot for planting wheat, and divide it into planting plots of equal area. The wheat variety is selected as Liangchun 1758. Three plots in each experimental group are randomly planted.

[0121] Select a test field with a high incidence of Phytophthora root rot of tomato for planting tomatoes, and divide it into planting plots of equal area. The tomato variety is selected as Tianwang tomato. Three plots in each experimental group are randomly planted.

[0122] Among them, the product obtained in Example 9 is used as Experimental Group 2.

[0123] And Control Group 3 is set up. Other methods are the same as those in Example 9, except that Melia azedarach bark and Paeonia lactiflora are not added during the preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0124] Control Group 4. Other methods are the same as those in Example 9, except that Atractylodes lancea and Celosia cristata are not added during the preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0125] Among them, the application method of the fermented compound fertilizer prepared by Experimental Group 2 and Control Groups 3 and 4 is as follows: 300 kg / mu is applied as base fertilizer before wheat planting, and 150 kg / mu is applied as top dressing during the jointing stage and filling stage respectively.

[0126] 350 kg / mu is applied as base fertilizer before tomato planting, and 200 kg / mu is applied as top dressing before tomato flower bud differentiation, during the fruit swelling stage, and during the full fruit stage respectively.

[0127] Existing Technology Group 1: For the control of wheat root rot, apply Benzovindiflupyr, and use it according to the method in the instruction manual.

[0128] Existing Technology Group 2: For the control of Phytophthora root rot of tomato, apply Root Rot Spirit, and use it according to the method in the instruction manual. Existing Technology Group 1 and Existing Technology Group 2 are applied the same fertilizer as the experimental groups (removing the addition of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation), and the application method is the same as that of Experimental Group 2.

[0129] During the high-incidence period of wheat root rot, investigate the incidence of wheat root rot in each experimental group respectively, and calculate the relative control efficacy.

[0130] During the high-incidence period of Phytophthora root rot of tomato, investigate the incidence of Phytophthora root rot of tomato in each experimental group respectively, and calculate the relative control efficacy.

[0131] For the calculation method of the control effect, please refer to the literature "Liu Ping, Li Qingkai, Li Yan, etc. Research on the control effect of water-soluble fertilizer containing wood vinegar on wheat root rot [J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 54(5): 146-150." and "Xie Xuewen, Zhao Yurong, Sun Xueying, etc. Isolation, identification and control effect of biocontrol bacteria against Phytophthora root rot of tomato [J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2020, 50(5): 8. DOI: 10.13926 / j.cnki.apps.000471."

[0132] Table 2 Results of wheat field experiments

[0133] Group Control effect Experimental group 78.38％ Control group 3 65.36％ Control group 4 69.32％ Existing technology group 1 72.54％

[0134] Table 3 Results of tomato field experiments

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] It can be seen from the contents recorded in Table 2 and Table 3 that the fermented compound fertilizer provided by the present invention has excellent control effects on wheat root rot and Phytophthora root rot of tomato, and its control effect is significantly better than that of the drugs in the prior art. From the data of Control Group 3 and Control Group 4, it can be seen that if some components in the fermented compound fertilizer are discarded, it will affect the control effect of the fermented compound fertilizer on root rot.

[0138] Experimental Example 3

[0139] Field control effect test

[0140] Select a test field for normal crop planting to plant wheat, and divide it into planting plots with equal areas. The wheat variety is selected as Liangchun 1758. Three plots in each test group are randomly planted.

[0141] Select a test field for normal crop planting to plant tomatoes, and divide it into planting plots with equal areas. The tomato variety is selected as Tianwang tomato. Three plots in each test group are randomly planted.

[0142] Among them, the product obtained in Example 9 is used as Experimental Group 2.

[0143] And Control Group 5 is set up. Other methods are the same as those in Example 9, except that Astragalus membranaceus and Paeonia lactiflora are not added during the preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0144] Control Group 6, other methods are the same as those in Example 9, except that Andrographis paniculata and Sophora flavescens are not added during the preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation.

[0145] Among them, the application method of the fermented compound fertilizer is as follows: it is applied as a base fertilizer at 300 kg / mu before wheat planting, and as topdressing during the jointing stage and filling stage, with 150 kg / mu applied respectively. It is used as a base fertilizer at 350 kg / mu before tomato planting, and topdressing is applied at 200 kg / mu respectively before tomato flower bud differentiation, during the fruit expansion stage, and at the full fruit stage.

[0146] And control group 7 is set: applying the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer prepared in Example 3. It is applied as a base fertilizer at 300 kg / mu before wheat planting, and as topdressing during the jointing stage and filling stage, with 150 kg / mu applied respectively.

[0147] Control group 8: applying the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer prepared in Example 3. It is applied as a base fertilizer at 350 kg / mu before tomato planting, and topdressing is applied at 200 kg / mu respectively before tomato flower bud differentiation, during the fruit expansion stage, and at the full fruit stage.

[0148] Except for the different fertilizer applications in each experimental group, other growth management methods are the same. After harvesting wheat and tomatoes, the yields are statistically counted, and the results are shown in Table 4 and Table 5.

[0149] Table 4 Statistical results of wheat yield

[0150] Group Yield kg / mu Experimental group 816.4 Control group 5 769.8 Control group 6 784.5 Control group 7 751.6

[0151] Table 5 Statistical results of tomato yield

[0152]

[0153] As can be seen from the content recorded in Table 4 and Table 5, the fermented compound fertilizer provided by the present invention can significantly increase the yields of wheat and tomatoes, and the yields of wheat and tomatoes are significantly better than those of other control groups. From the data of control group 5 and control group 6, and by comprehensively considering the data obtained in Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2, it can be seen that omitting the addition of some components will not only affect the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer for preventing and controlling plant diseases, but also affect the growth-promoting effect of the fertilizer.

[0154] From the data of control groups 7 and 8, it can be seen that whether the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is added has the most significant impact on the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer. By comprehensively considering the data obtained in Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2, it is also proved that the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation provided by the present invention has the dual functions of preventing and controlling plant diseases and promoting growth. And only when the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation and the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer are used together can the best growth-promoting effect be achieved.

[0155] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato residue fermented compound fertilizer having the effect of preventing and treating plant diseases, characterized in that: include: Potato residue fermented organic fertilizer and Chinese medicine compound preparation, the mass ratio is 90-110:11-17; The traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of astragalus, 20-30 parts of peucedanum, 20-30 parts of chinaberry bark, 15-20 parts of red peony root, 15-20 parts of acanthopanax, 15-20 parts of andrographis paniculata, 10-15 parts of calamus, 10-15 parts of sophora flavescens, 5-10 parts of atractylodes, and 4-6 parts of cockscomb.

2. The compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the Chinese medicine composite preparation is: (1) Astragalus, Peucedanum chinense, Melia azedarach bark, Paeonia lactiflora, Acanthopanax senticosus, Andrographis paniculata, Acorus calamus, Sophora flavescens, Atractylodes lancea and Celosia cristata are mixed and ground to obtain material 1; (2) The material 1 is mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:5-7, soaked, boiled, and filtered to obtain a filtrate, which is the traditional Chinese medicine composite preparation.

3. The compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The crushed material in step (1) is passed through a 40-60 mesh sieve, and the material under the sieve is material 1; the soaking time in step (2) is 3-5 hours; and the decoction time is 2-3 hours.

4. The compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The potato residue fermented organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of potato residue, 10-20 parts of bran, 4-6 parts of soybean meal, 4-6 parts of cornmeal, 10-20 parts of furfural residue, 1-2 parts of fermentation bacterial agent, and 1-2 parts of composite bacterial agent; The fermentation bacterial agent comprises: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus leishmanni, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride; the composite bacterial agent comprises: Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Spore Lactobacillus inulinus and Pseudoalteromonas.

5. The compound fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that The bacterial contents of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reimanii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation agent are all 200-400 million / mL; the bacterial contents of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus and Pseudoalteromonas in the composite agent are all 300-500 million / mL; the volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus reimanii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in the fermentation agent is 20-26:18-24:15-19:7-13:4-6; the volume ratio of Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus alvei, Lactobacillus inulinus and Pseudoalteromonas in the composite agent is 12-16:10-14:6-10:5-9.

6. The compound fertilizer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The method for preparing the potato residue fermented organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (a) mixing potato residue, bran, soybean meal, cornmeal, furfural residue and fermentation agent, adjusting the water content and then composting; (b) mixing the composted material obtained in step (a) with a composite bacterial agent for fermentation, and aging to obtain a potato residue fermented organic fertilizer.

7. The compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that In step (a), the moisture content is adjusted to 60-65%; the composting time is 15-20 days, and the compost is turned every 4-6 days.

8. The compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that The fermentation time in step (b) is 7 to 10 days; the aging time in step (b) is 20 to 30 days.

9. Use of the potato residue fermented compound fertilizer having plant disease prevention and control efficacy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 in preventing and controlling plant diseases.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plant diseases are: wheat root rot, wheat sheath blight, tomato phytophthora root rot or tomato early blight.

Images