A processing method for discontinuous long and deep holes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a processing method for discontinuous long and deep holes, belonging to the field of long and deep hole processing. The external chip removal boring method is used for the processing of long and deep holes, and a boring head guide wood is installed on the boring head for support. For the case where there are discontinuous segments on the hole wall of the long and deep holes, a discriminative guide support sleeve is designed and installed on the boring bar behind the boring head. Guide strips are installed on the guide support sleeve. When processing the discontinuous segments, the guide support sleeve is used to play a role of transitional support, forming complementary support with the boring head guide wood, successfully overcoming the processing difficulties of long and deep holes with discontinuous segments. Moreover, the method is simple and low in cost, can effectively guarantee the processing accuracy of discontinuous long and deep holes, and has wide popularization and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of deep and long hole machining, and particularly to a machining method for discontinuous deep and long holes. Background Art

[0002] Deep and long holes generally refer to hole machining where the ratio of the length L to the diameter D (L / D) is greater than 10. The common chip removal methods for deep hole machining are divided into external chip removal and internal chip removal. For external chip removal, coolant enters inside the drill pipe, and coolant and chips are discharged outside the drill pipe. Common machining methods using external chip removal include gun drilling, boring with a boring tool, etc.; for internal chip removal, coolant enters outside the drill pipe (using end face sealing of an oil feeder or between the double pipes of the tool), and coolant and chips are discharged inside the drill pipe. Corresponding common machining methods for internal chip removal include single-tube BTA (Boring and Trepanning Association), double-tube ejector drills, etc. Among them, the equipment structure required for the external chip removal method is simple and suitable for deep hole machining with large hole diameters.

[0003] Generally, the deep hole machining targets continuous deep holes (i.e., continuous hole walls). During machining, a certain number of guide woods or carbide support blocks are arranged on the outer circle of the deep hole tool, which can continuously play a supporting role during the internal hole machining process to prevent machining deviation. However, for some part structures, the deep hole is a discontinuous hole. For example, when a large-diameter oil pipe is welded to the outer circle and penetrates the internal hole, it causes the hole wall to be discontinuous. At this time, when using a conventional method such as boring with a boring tool, when passing through the discontinuous part, the guide wood on the boring head will instantly lose the supporting effect, and the boring head cannot continue to cut forward.

[0004] The current deep hole machining technology cannot solve the machining problem of discontinuous deep and long holes. It is necessary to propose a brand-new machining method for discontinuous deep and long holes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a machining method for discontinuous deep and long holes. Based on the external chip removal boring method, by designing a split-type guiding and supporting sleeve, which is installed on the boring bar behind the boring head and forms complementary support with the boring head guide wood on the boring head, the machining problem of discontinuous deep and long holes is solved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A processing method for discontinuous deep long holes. Side holes communicating with the outer circle are provided on the hole wall of the deep long holes to form discontinuous segments. The outer chip removal boring method is used for processing the deep long holes. Initially, a boring head guiding wood is installed on the outer periphery of the boring head for processing. When the boring depth reaches the discontinuous segment, the boring bar and the boring head are withdrawn, the boring head guiding wood is removed, a guiding support sleeve is installed on the boring bar adjacent to the boring head position. A guiding bar is installed on the guiding support sleeve, and the boring is continued forward by using the support of the guiding support sleeve. After crossing the discontinuous segment, after continuing to process beyond the length of the boring head guiding wood, the boring bar and the boring head are withdrawn, the guiding support sleeve is removed, the boring head guiding wood is installed, and the processing is continued until the depth reaches the requirements of the drawing.

[0008] Further, the guiding support sleeve is of a split structure, composed of two semi-circular support sleeves connected by bolts. When installed, the guiding support sleeve is installed on the boring bar behind the boring head and is connected to the rear end face of the boring head by bolts, so that the guiding support sleeve and the boring head are combined into one body.

[0009] Further, a plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the guiding support sleeve, and guiding bars are installed in the grooves.

[0010] Further, the guiding bars are arranged in multiple segments in the grooves, and the total length of the multiple segments of guiding bars in each groove is not less than the length of the discontinuous segment of the deep long hole, ensuring that the guiding bars on the guiding support sleeve can always play a supporting role during the processing of the discontinuous segment.

[0011] Further, the material of the guiding support sleeve is steel, and the guiding bars are made of wood. The wooden guiding bars are installed in the grooves with an interference fit.

[0012] Further, before boring, the side holes are blocked with a tooling plug to prevent the cutting oil from being thrown out during the boring process.

[0013] Further, on a deep hole drilling and boring machine, the parts are clamped in a way of one end with a chuck and the other end with a roller, and the part is aligned according to the outer circle and the dial indicator is used to press the table for alignment.

[0014] Further, a counterweight block is installed on the chuck for process counterweight, and the counterweight block is arranged in the direction opposite to the side hole.

[0015] Further, one end of the boring bar is fixedly connected to the boring head, and the other end is supported on the tailstock of the drilling and boring machine and connected to the oil feeder. The distance between the end face of the oil feeder and the end face of the part is not less than the total length of the boring head plus the guiding support sleeve. During processing, the cutting oil enters from the inside of the boring bar, and the oil and iron chips are discharged between the machined hole and the outer circle of the boring bar.

[0016] Further, after the boring process reaches the depth required by the drawing, the straightness of the deep hole machining is measured by a thickness gauge. According to the measurement results, the process cutting parameters are adjusted, and the next cutting is carried out again until the straightness is qualified, and then the finish machining is carried out.

[0017] Beneficial effects: According to the structural characteristics of the discontinuous long and deep holes, the present invention improves the external chip removal boring method, designs a complementary support formed by the guiding support sleeve and the boring head guiding wood. The guiding support sleeve is used to form a support at the discontinuous section, enabling the boring head to successfully transition to the continuous section, and then the boring head guiding wood is continued to be used for support, effectively solving the problem that the original boring head guiding wood loses support at the discontinuous section, resulting in difficult machining of discontinuous holes; and there is no need to carry out large-scale transformation of the original equipment, only the guiding support sleeve needs to be installed, which is simple to use, low in cost, and can effectively guarantee the machining accuracy of discontinuous long and deep holes, and has wide popularization and application value. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the guiding support sleeve of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic boring diagram of the boring head + boring head guiding wood boring to the discontinuous section;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic boring diagram of the boring head (removing the boring head guiding wood) + guiding support sleeve boring the discontinuous section;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic boring diagram of the boring head + boring head guiding wood boring after crossing the discontinuous section.

[0022] In the figure: 1 guiding support sleeve, 2 semi-circular support sleeve, 3 guiding strip, 4 end face flange, 5 bolt, 6 plug, 7 claw, 8 idler roller, 9 counterweight, 10 boring head, 11 boring head guiding wood, 12 boring tool, 13 oil feeder, 14 boring bar. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0023] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] As Figures 1-4 shown, the discontinuous long and deep hole machining method of the present invention uses the external chip removal method for boring machining. The length-diameter ratio of the long and deep hole is greater than 10, and the hole diameter is not less than 100 mm. The discontinuous long and deep hole refers to that a side hole is provided on the hole wall to communicate with the outside of the part, so that the hole wall forms a discontinuous section.

[0025] Generally, a boring head guiding wood 11 is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the boring head 10. The outer diameter of the boring head guiding wood 11 is equal to the diameter of the machined hole, which plays a supporting role in deep hole machining. For the special situation of discontinuous long and deep holes, the present invention designs a split-type guiding support sleeve 1, asFigure 1 The guiding support sleeve 1 is composed of two semi-circular support sleeves 2 with their mating surfaces aligned and then connected by bolts 5. This split design facilitates the installation of the guiding support sleeve 1 on the boring bar 14. A plurality of grooves for installing the guiding strips 3 are provided at intervals on the outer circumference of the guiding support sleeve 1. The guiding strips 3 are press-fitted into the grooves. The length of the guiding strips 3 can be divided into multiple segments according to the length of the discontinuous section of the deep hole, and the total length of the guiding strips only needs to be not less than the length of the discontinuous section of the deep hole, ensuring that when passing through the discontinuous section of the long deep hole, the guiding strips 3 on the guiding support sleeve 1 can always play a supporting role.

[0026] An end face flange 4 is designed at the front end face of the guiding support sleeve 1. During use, the guiding support sleeve 1 is installed on the boring bar 14 behind the boring head 10. Align the end face flange 4 of the guiding support sleeve 1 with the rear end face of the boring head 10, then use bolts 5 to tighten the mating surfaces of the two semi-circular support sleeves 2 to fix the guiding support sleeve 1 on the boring bar 14. Then use bolts 5 to connect the end face flange 4 of the guiding support sleeve 1 and the boring head 10 into one body. Finally, install the guiding strips 3 in the grooves of the guiding support sleeve 1, ensuring that the total length of the guiding strips 3 along the axial direction is greater than the length of the discontinuous section of the deep hole; during the machining of the discontinuous long deep hole, the boring head guiding wood 11 and the guiding strips 3 on the guiding support sleeve 1 form complementary support during the machining process. When the boring head guiding wood 11 loses its supporting role, the guiding strips 3 on the guiding support sleeve 1 can always play a supporting role.

[0027] The material of the guiding support sleeve 1 is generally selected as steel to ensure it has sufficient stiffness, and the guiding strips 3 are made of wood.

[0028] The general process of the machining method for the discontinuous long deep hole of the present invention is as follows: The external chip removal boring method is used for machining the long deep hole. Initially, the boring head guiding wood 11 is installed on the outer circumference of the boring head 10 for machining. When the boring depth reaches the discontinuous section, withdraw the boring bar 14 and the boring head 10, remove the boring head guiding wood 11 on the boring head 10, install the guiding support sleeve 1 at a position adjacent to the boring head 10 on the boring bar 14. The guiding support sleeve 1 is equipped with guiding strips 3. Utilize the support of the guiding strips 3 on the guiding support sleeve 1 to continue boring forward. After crossing the discontinuous section, continue machining for a length not less than that of the boring head guiding wood 11, then withdraw the boring bar 14 and the boring head 10, remove the guiding support sleeve 1, install the boring head guiding wood 11, and continue machining until the depth reaches the requirements of the drawing.

[0029] The following illustrates the machining method for the discontinuous long deep hole of the present invention with specific examples.

[0030] First, clamp the part on the deep hole drilling and boring machine. As Figure 2As shown, there is an oil port at the discontinuous part of the deep hole of the part, which is connected to the outer circle, forming a discontinuous section. Before boring the hole, first make a tooling plug 6, and use bolts 5 to connect and seal the oil port to prevent cutting oil from being thrown out during the boring process.

[0031] On the deep hole drilling and boring machine, the part is clamped by using a chuck 7 to clamp one end and a roller 8 to support the other end. Adjust the chuck 7 and the roller 8, and use a dial indicator to align with the outer circle of the part according to the alignment belt. The alignment tolerance is one-third of the inner hole form and position tolerance to align the part. Due to the oil hole, there is eccentricity in the outer circle, and a counterweight block 9 needs to be installed on the chuck for process counterweight. Usually, the counterweight block 9 is set in the direction opposite to the oil hole; if the oil hole is downward, the counterweight block 9 is installed at the position above the part on the chuck for balance; one end of the boring bar 14 is fixedly connected to the boring head 10, and the other end is supported on the tailstock of the drilling and boring machine and connected to the oil feeder 13.

[0032] Then, according to the processing method described in the present invention, the boring head guide wood 11 and the guide support sleeve 1 are used to form complementary supports to process the discontinuous long deep hole.

[0033] After the part is clamped, aligned and the balance is adjusted, the boring head guide wood 11 and the boring tool 12 are installed on the boring head 10, ensuring that the distance between the end face of the oil feeder 13 and the end face of the part is not less than the length of the boring head 10 + the guide support sleeve 1. The cutting oil enters inside the drill pipe, and the oil and iron chips are discharged from the gap between the machined hole and the outer circle of the boring bar 14 and enter the machine tool iron chip collection box, that is, the external chip removal method is used for boring. When the boring depth approaches the discontinuous section of the long deep hole, the boring bar 14 and the boring head 10 are withdrawn in time.

[0034] At the discontinuous section of the long deep hole, replace it with the guide support sleeve 1 for processing. As Figure 1 、 Figure 3 shown, remove the boring head guide wood 11, install the guide support sleeve 1 on the boring bar 14 behind the boring head 10, align it with the rear end face of the boring head 10, use bolts 5 to tighten the joint surface of the two semi-circular support sleeves 2 and the rear end face of the boring head 10 and the end face flange 4 of the guide support sleeve 1, install a segmented guide strip 3 on the outer circumference of the guide support sleeve 1, according to the controllability of the feed depth of the machine tool boring bar 14, first move the boring head 10 to the previous boring position, and under the support of the guide strip 3 of the guide support sleeve 1, perform boring again. After passing through the discontinuous hole, continue to process according to the continuous deep hole method. After continuing to process a length not less than the length of the boring head guide wood 11, withdraw the boring bar 14, the boring head 10 and the guide support sleeve 1 in time.

[0035] Then, replace it with the boring head guide wood 11 and continue to process. As Figure 4As shown, the guide support sleeve 1 is removed, and the boring head guide wood 11 is installed. After the boring head 10 has bored a discontinuous hole, it is then bored forward by the length of the boring head guide wood 11 to reach the last processing position. At this time, the boring head guide wood 11 has played a supporting role, and processing is continued according to the continuous boring method until the depth is processed to the requirements of the drawing.

[0036] According to the above method, after one processing is completed, use an ultrasonic thickness gauge in the "M" direction to measure the wall thickness along the alignment tape to obtain the straightness of the deep hole processing; and adjust the process cutting parameters according to the measurement results, and then perform the next cut again according to the above processing method until the straightness is qualified, and then carry out fine processing.

[0037] The processing method described in the present invention uses the complementary support of the guide support sleeve 1 and the boring head guide wood 11 to successfully solve the processing problem of discontinuous long and deep holes. The guide support sleeve 1 has a simple structure and is easy to install. While retaining the original processing method as much as possible, there is no need to carry out large-scale transformation of the original equipment. The use cost is low, and the processing accuracy can be effectively guaranteed, which has the value of promotion and application.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for discontinuous deep long holes, wherein side holes communicating with the outer circle are provided on the hole wall of the deep long holes to form discontinuous segments, characterized in that The method of external chip removal boring is adopted for the machining of long and deep holes. Initially, a boring head guide wood is installed on the outer periphery of the boring head for machining. When the boring depth reaches the discontinuous section, the boring bar and the boring head are withdrawn, the boring head guide wood is removed, and a guide support sleeve is installed on the boring bar adjacent to the boring head. A guide bar is installed on the guide support sleeve, and the boring is continued forward by using the support of the guide support sleeve. After crossing the discontinuous section, after continuing to machine beyond the length of the boring head guide wood, the boring bar and the boring head are withdrawn, the guide support sleeve is removed, the boring head guide wood is installed, and the machining is continued until the depth reaches the requirements of the drawing. The guide support sleeve is of a split structure and is composed of two semi-circular support sleeves connected by bolts. During installation, the guide support sleeve is installed on the boring bar behind the boring head and is connected to the rear end face of the boring head by bolts, so that the guide support sleeve and the boring head are combined into one body. A plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the guide support sleeve, and guide bars are installed in the grooves. The guide bars are arranged in multiple segments in the grooves, and the total length of the multiple segments of guide bars in each groove is not less than the length of the discontinuous section of the long and deep hole, ensuring that the guide bars on the guide support sleeve can always play a supporting role during the machining of the discontinuous section.

2. The processing method of a discontinuous deep long hole according to claim 1, wherein, The material of the guide support sleeve is steel, and the guide bar is made of wood. The wooden guide bar is installed in the groove with an interference fit.

3. A processing method for a discontinuous deep long hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before boring, a tooling plug is used to block the side hole to prevent the cutting oil from splashing out during the boring process.

4. A processing method for discontinuous deep long holes according to claim 1, characterized in that On the deep hole drilling and boring machine, the parts are clamped in the way of one end with a chuck and the other end with a roller, and the part is aligned according to the outer circle by using a dial indicator to press the table for alignment.

5. A processing method for a discontinuous deep long hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, A counterweight block is installed on the chuck for process counterweight, and the counterweight block is arranged in the position opposite to the side hole.

6. A processing method for a discontinuous long and deep hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the boring bar is fixedly connected to the boring head, and the other end is supported on the tailstock of the drilling and boring machine and connected to the oil supply device. The distance between the end face of the oil supply device and the end face of the part is not less than the total length of the boring head plus the guide support sleeve. During machining, the cutting oil enters from the inside of the boring bar, and the oil and iron chips are discharged between the machined hole and the outer circle of the boring bar.

7. A processing method for a discontinuous deep long hole according to claim 1, characterized in that After the boring is machined to the depth required by the drawing, the straightness of the deep hole machining is measured, and according to the measurement results, the process cutting parameters are adjusted, and the next cut is carried out again until the straightness is qualified, and then the finish machining is carried out.

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