Gear broaching machining equipment

Abstract

The invention provides gear broaching machining equipment, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The broaching tool solves the problems of low machining precision and abnormal abrasion of the broaching tool caused by overlong broaching tool during existing broaching machining. The gear broaching machining equipment comprises a support, a broach, a workbench and a clamp, an oil storage tank and a hydraulic driving unit are arranged on the support, the broach is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic driving unit, a plurality of arc-shaped roller paths are arranged on the side wall of the broach, the workbench is arranged at the top of the oil storage tank, a clamping part for installing the clamp is arranged on the workbench, and a clamping cavity is formed in the bottom of the clamp. Protruding positioning blocks which are meshed with each other are arranged on the clamping portion and the clamping cavity, a centralizing and centering system is arranged on the top of the clamp, and the clamp has the advantages of being easy and convenient to use, high in machining precision and efficient in lubrication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and relates to a machining device, in particular to a gear hobbing machining device. Background Art

[0002] Gear hobbing is a cutting machining method mainly used for machining the tooth profile part of a gear. The broach is the key tool, which removes materials through a broaching motion. It mainly uses a special multi-tooth tool (broach) to cut the workpiece along a straight line motion to form the gear tooth profile at one time. It is especially good at machining complex structures such as internal gears and spline holes.

[0003] During gear hobbing, limited by the existing machining tools, the tool needs to be set for multi-layer cutting. When each cutting edge cuts the gear, the gear accuracy will be reduced due to vibration, and the generated vibration is also likely to cause wear of the cutting edge of the tool. The broach is often a long strip structure, and the end is pulled by a hydraulic mechanism to make the tool pass through the gear to form the gear. During machining, in order to ensure positioning, the inner hole of the gear will be close to the size of the guide rod of the broach to reduce the gap between the broach and the gear. The conventional broaching machine pulls one end of the rack through a hydraulic structure, and the starting size is the same as the predetermined size. As the broach moves, the longer the exposed part of the broach is, the greater the vibration generated by the broach will be, and at the same time, the tool is also prone to deviation. When the cutting edge located at the center of the broach is machining, elastic deformation will occur due to the vibration of the tool, resulting in a reduction in machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to research and improve the vibration during machining to reduce the loss of the broach and increase the machining accuracy of the gear. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gear hobbing machining device with low vibration and high-efficiency lubrication for the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A gear hobbing machining device for efficiently lubricating and preventing broach wear, characterized by comprising: A bracket, on which an oil storage tank and a hydraulic drive unit are provided; A broach, which is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic drive unit, and several arc-shaped raceways are provided on the side wall of the broach; A workbench, which is placed on top of the oil storage tank, and a clamping part for installing a fixture is provided on the workbench; A fixture, a clamping cavity is provided at the bottom of the fixture, protruding and mutually engaging positioning blocks are provided on both the clamping part and the clamping cavity, and a centering and straightening system is provided at the top of the fixture.

[0006] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, three support rods are provided on the centering system. The support rods are evenly distributed in a ring on the top of the fixture. A number of rotating rings are provided on the fixture. The end of the support rod is provided with a rotating shaft. A number of springs are provided between the support rods. A ball is fixed at the end of the support rod.

[0007] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a guide pipe is provided in the fuel tank. A support spring is provided in the guide pipe. A guide slider is provided at the end of the support spring, and the guide slider abuts against the bottom of the broach.

[0008] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a number of guide rings are provided on the broach.

[0009] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a gear installation cavity is provided in the fixture. A number of retraction cavities are provided between the fixture and the clamping part. A detachable plug is provided in the retraction cavity. A pressing inclination angle is provided on the plug.

[0010] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a gear is provided in the gear installation cavity. A processing inner hole is provided on the gear. A through hole is provided at the top of the fixture. The through hole and the upper surface of the gear form an oil storage cavity.

[0011] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a guiding inclination angle is provided on the fixture. An inclined guiding groove is provided at the top of the fixture. The guiding groove communicates the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixture.

[0012] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, an oil spraying pipe is provided on the workbench, and the oil spraying pipe is symmetrically arranged with the guiding groove on both sides of the broach.

[0013] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a number of drainage grooves are provided on the workbench, and a number of oil leakage holes are provided on the processing workbench. An oil retaining plate is provided on the side wall of the workbench.

[0014] In the above-mentioned gear hobbing processing equipment, a liquid sensor is provided on the guide pipe. An oil pump is provided in the fuel tank. A control pedal is provided on the bracket. The control pedal connects the liquid sensor and the oil pump.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a centering system. By pulling each other by multiple groups of springs, the distance between the support rods is kept consistent, so that both ends and the middle section of the broach maintain the same vertical line, reducing the deformation of the broach, thereby reducing the wear of the broach and increasing the machining accuracy of the gear.

[0016] The present invention provides an oil storage tank on the fixture and the upper surface of the gear, and provides a flow channel for cooling oil, so that the broach is fully contacted with the cooling oil, further reducing the wear of the broach.

[0017] The present invention is provided with a liquid sensor, so that the movement of the liquid driving unit lags behind the oil injection lubrication, reducing the wear and breakage of the broach caused by the dry broaching of the broach due to the operator's operation error. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the workbench of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic semi-sectional structural diagram of the broach and the die of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the workbench of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic enlarged structural diagram of a part of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic semi-sectional structural diagram of a part of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the fuel tank of the present broaching processing equipment.

[0025] In the figure, 1. fixture; 2. centering system; 3. bracket; 4. diversion groove; 5. pressurizing inclination angle; 6. fuel tank; 7. control foot pedal; 8. plug block; 9. workbench; 10. fuel injection pipe; 11. hydraulic drive unit; 12. oil leakage hole; 13. oil baffle; 14. gear; 15. gear installation cavity; 16. through hole; 17. guiding ring; 18. machining inner hole; 19. guiding slider; 20. supporting spring; 21. guiding pipe; 22. retraction cavity; 23. ball; 24. broach; 25. arc-shaped raceway; 26. diversion inclination angle; 27. oil holding cavity; 28. spring; 29. positioning block; 30. clamping part; 31. support rod; 32. rotating ring; 33. rotating shaft; 34. clamping cavity; 35. oil pump; 36. liquid sensor; 37. drainage groove. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] Such as Figures 1-7As shown in the figure, this broaching processing equipment includes a bracket 3, a broach 24, a workbench 9, and a fixture 1. A fuel tank 6 and a hydraulic drive unit 11 are provided on the bracket 3. The broach 24 is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic drive unit 11. A number of arc-shaped raceways 25 are provided on the side wall of the broach 24. The workbench 9 is placed on top of the fuel tank 6, and a clamping portion 30 for installing the fixture 1 is provided on the workbench 9. A clamping cavity 34 is provided at the bottom of the fixture 1. Protruding and mutually engaging positioning blocks 29 are provided on both the clamping portion 30 and the clamping cavity 34. And a centering and aligning system 2 is provided at the top of the fixture 1.

[0028] Preferably, three support rods 31 are provided on the centering and aligning system 2. The support rods 31 are evenly distributed in a circular pattern on the top of the fixture 1. A number of rotating rings 32 are provided on the fixture 1. A rotating shaft 33 is provided at the end of the support rod 31. A number of springs 28 are provided between the support rods 31. A ball 23 is fixed at the end of the support rod 31. The ball 23 abuts against the arc-shaped raceway 25. The three support rods 31 are pressed towards the broach 24 under the pulling action of the spring 28, so that the middle section of the broach 24 remains centered and vertical, reducing the reduction of machining accuracy caused by the shaking and vibration of the broach 24, and at the same time reducing the wear of the broach 24.

[0029] Preferably, a guide tube 21 is provided in the fuel tank 6. A support spring 20 is provided in the guide tube 21. A guide slider 19 is provided at the end of the support spring 20. And the guide slider 19 abuts against the bottom of the broach 24. The guide tube 21, the broach 24, and the hydraulic drive unit 11 are on the same axis. The guide tube 21 and the hydraulic drive unit 11 ensure that both ends of the broach 24 are on the same vertical line. Cooperating with the centering and aligning system 2, the middle section of the broach 24 is reduced in deformation during cutting, and the eccentricity between the internal teeth and the external teeth of the gear 14 is reduced.

[0030] Preferably, a number of guide rings 17 are provided on the broach 24.

[0031] Preferably, a gear installation cavity 15 is provided in the fixture 1. A number of retraction cavities 22 are provided between the fixture 1 and the clamping portion 30. A detachable plug 8 is provided in the retraction cavity 22. A pressurizing inclination angle 5 is provided on the plug 8. When installing the gear 14 to be processed, the ball 23 is located in the guide ring 17. The retraction cavity 22 is docked with the clamping portion 30. The positioning blocks 29 are mutually engaged by rotation to complete the limit, and then fixed by the plug 8. The broach 24 moves upward under the pulling of the hydraulic drive unit 11, and the ball 23 enters the arc-shaped raceway 25 to straighten the broach 24.

[0032] Preferably, a gear 14 is provided in the gear installation cavity 15. A machining inner hole 18 is provided on the gear 14. A through hole 16 is provided at the top of the fixture 1. The through hole 16 and the upper surface of the gear 14 form an oil storage cavity 27. Cooling oil is sprayed into the oil storage cavity 27, so that the cooling oil fills the machining inner hole 18, increasing the lubrication effect on the tool.

[0033] Preferably, a diversion inclination angle 26 is provided on the fixture 1, and an inclined diversion groove 4 is formed at the top of the fixture 1. The diversion groove 4 communicates the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixture 1. The inner wall end of the diversion groove 4 is higher than the outer wall end, so that the overflowing cooling oil can flow out more quickly, and at the same time, the accelerated cooling oil is more likely to carry the machining debris and flow.

[0034] Preferably, a fuel injection pipe 10 is provided on the workbench 9, and the fuel injection pipe 10 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the broach 24 with the diversion groove 4. The cooling oil ejected from the fuel injection pipe 10 flows around the broach 24 and then enters the diversion groove 4, so that the broach 24 is fully contacted with the cooling oil.

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of drainage grooves 37 are provided on the workbench 9, and a plurality of oil leakage holes 12 are provided on the workbench 9. An oil baffle 13 is provided on the side wall of the workbench 9.

[0036] Preferably, a liquid sensor 36 is provided on the guide pipe 21, an oil pump 35 is provided in the oil storage tank 6, and a control foot pedal 7 is provided on the bracket 3. The control foot pedal 7 is connected to the liquid sensor 36 and the oil pump 35.

[0037] Preferably, in the first embodiment, when the oil is sufficient, the oil pump 35 and the hydraulic drive unit 11 are started by stepping on the control foot pedal 7. When stepping on the control foot pedal 7, the oil pump 35 works. When the oil contacts the liquid sensor 36, the hydraulic drive unit 11 works to control the movement of the broach 24, preventing excessive wear and breakage of some cutting edges due to incomplete lubrication of the broach 24.

[0038] In the second embodiment, when the oil is insufficient, step on the control pedal, and the oil is ejected. When the oil volume is too small, the oil flows downward along the broach 24 from one side of the injection pipe and does not contact the liquid sensor 36, and the hydraulic control unit does not work.

[0039] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace them, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0040] Although terms such as fixture 1, centering system 2, bracket 3, diversion groove 4, pressurizing inclination angle 5, fuel tank 6, control foot pedal 7, plug 8, workbench 9, fuel injection pipe 10, hydraulic drive unit 11, oil leakage hole 12, oil baffle 13, gear 14, gear installation cavity 15, through hole 16, guiding ring 17, machining inner hole 18, guiding slider 19, supporting spring 20, guiding tube 21, retraction cavity 22, ball 23, broach 24, arc-shaped raceway 25, diversion inclination angle 26, oil storage cavity 27, spring 28, positioning block 29, clamping portion 30, support rod 31, rotating ring 32, rotating shaft 33, clamping cavity 34, oil pump 35, liquid sensor 36, drainage groove 37 are used more frequently in this text, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooth-broaching equipment, characterized in that: include: A bracket (3), wherein the bracket (3) is provided with an oil storage tank (6) and a hydraulic drive unit (11); A broach (24), the broach (24) being fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic drive unit (11), and a plurality of arc-shaped rolling tracks (25) being provided on a side wall of the broach (24); A workbench (9), the workbench (9) being placed on top of the oil storage tank (6), and having a clamping portion (30) on which the clamp (1) is mounted; A clamp (1), wherein a clamping cavity (34) is provided at the bottom of the clamp (1), protruding positioning blocks (29) that engage with each other are provided on the clamping portion (30) and the clamping cavity (34), and a centering system (2) is provided at the top of the clamp (1).

2. The tooth-broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening and centering system (2) is provided with three support rods (31), the support rods (31) are evenly distributed in a ring shape at the top of the clamp (1), a plurality of rotating rings (32) are provided on the clamp (1), a rotating shaft (33) is provided at the end of the support rods (31), a plurality of springs (28) are provided between the support rods (31), and a ball (23) is fixed at the end of the support rod (31).

3. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide tube (21) is provided in the oil storage tank (6), a support spring (20) is provided in the guide tube (21), a guide slider (19) is provided at the end of the support spring (20), and the guide slider (19) abuts against the bottom of the broach (24).

4. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broach (24) is provided with a plurality of guide rings (17).

5. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (1) is provided with a gear installation cavity (15), and a plurality of retraction cavities (22) are provided between the clamp (1) and the clamping portion (30). A detachable plug (8) is provided in the retraction cavity (22), and a pressurizing angle (5) is provided on the plug (8).

6. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gear (14) is arranged in the gear installation cavity (15), a machined inner hole (18) is arranged on the gear (14), a through hole (16) is arranged on the top of the fixture (1), and the through hole (16) and the upper surface of the gear (14) form an oil storage cavity (27).

7. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture (1) is provided with a flow guide angle (26), and an inclined flow guide groove (4) is provided at the top of the fixture (1), wherein the flow guide groove (4) connects the inner wall and the outer wall of the fixture (1).

8. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil injection pipe (10) is provided on the workbench (9), and the oil injection pipe (10) and the guide groove (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the broach (24).

9. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (9) is provided with a plurality of drainage grooves (37), and the workbench (9) is provided with a plurality of oil leakage holes (12), and an oil baffle plate (13) is provided on the side wall of the workbench (9).

10. The tooth broaching equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide tube (21) is provided with a liquid sensor (36), the oil storage tank (6) is provided with an oil pump (35), and a control pedal (7) is provided on the bracket (3), and the control pedal (7) connects the liquid sensor (36) and the oil pump (35).

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