A crusher for waste plastics

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waste plastic recycling, and specifically discloses a crusher for waste plastics, which comprises a processing frame and a crushing cavity installed on the processing frame, a crushing assembly for crushing plastics is arranged in the crushing cavity, a ventilation pipe is installed on one side of the crushing cavity, and an air guide fan which is in communication with the ventilation pipe is arranged on the processing frame; a first filter is installed on the ventilation pipe through a mounting frame, a protective sleeve is arranged on one side of the ventilation pipe, a second filter is arranged in the protective sleeve, and an elastic supporting and blocking piece which is matched with the ventilation groove is arranged in the ventilation pipe. At this moment, the gas pressure in the crushing cavity drives the elastic supporting and blocking piece to move away from the ventilation groove, so that the ventilation groove is in communication with the crushing cavity, the gas in the crushing cavity enters the ventilation pipe through the ventilation groove, and the gas is discharged through the air guide fan, thereby avoiding the influence of the first filter blockage on the air guide fan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste plastic recycling, in particular to a crusher for waste plastic. Background Art

[0002] Plastic is a high molecular compound made from monomers through addition polymerization or condensation polymerization. Its deformation resistance is medium, between that of fiber and rubber. It is composed of synthetic resin and additives such as fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants and colorants. In order to solve the problems of environmental pollution caused by waste plastics, and to alleviate the tight supply of raw material resins, reduce resin consumption and reduce product costs, the recycling and reuse of waste plastics has become an important way. The main process is to separate and screen waste plastic products, and use external forces to destroy the internal cohesion of the material, so that large particles can be turned into small particles, thereby meeting the technical requirements of wire drawing, tube drawing or injection molding.

[0003] Specifically, waste plastics are a general term for plastics that have been used in civilian, industrial and other applications and eventually eliminated or replaced. According to different ways of reuse, they can be divided into recycled plastics, reprocessed plastics, recycled plastics, reusable plastics, recyclable plastics, and non-recyclable plastics.

[0004] At present, when recycling and reusing waste plastics, they must first be crushed, and a crusher will be used in the crushing process. Crusher in the prior art, such as the Chinese patent with application number 202222745624.9, authorization announcement number CN218488850U, and name of plastic crusher for waste electronic products, discloses a plastic crusher for waste electronic products, including a crusher, the upper surface of the crusher is provided with a feeding port, the inner wall of the feeding port is provided with a feeding frame with openings on both the upper surface and the lower surface, and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the crusher are both provided with a hydraulic cylinder 1; in the above patent, plastic is crushed by setting blade 1 and blade 2, the plastic enters the crusher through the feeding port and first falls into the flip platform, after the plastic falls in, the blades 1 on both sides are driven by the hydraulic cylinder 1 to approach each other, and the whole plastic is segmented, and the plastic is fragmented twice, thereby improving the crushing efficiency and crushing effect.

[0005] For example, the patent with the application number 201921622599.7 and the authorization announcement number CN210705536U, and the name of a plastic production crusher, the above-mentioned patent discloses a plastic production crusher, which comprises a crushing box, a crushing cavity is formed in the crushing box, a feeding belt is fixedly installed on the left side of the crushing box and extends into the crushing cavity, fixed teeth are fixedly installed on the top of the feeding belt on the left and right sides of the crushing cavity, a first crushing roller is rotatably connected between the front and rear walls of the crushing cavity and located on the top of the feeding belt, and a second crushing roller is rotatably connected between the front and rear walls of the crushing cavity and located on the right side of the first crushing roller. The plastic production crusher in the above-mentioned patent solves the problem that waste plastics need to be crushed during recycling and reuse, and also solves the problem that dust and harmful gas are easily generated during the crushing of waste plastics, which can cause harm if not treated.

[0006] In the prior art including the above-mentioned patent, the crushing efficiency of plastics can be improved to a certain extent. It is known that dust and harmful gas are easily generated during the crushing of waste plastics, therefore, in the prior art including the above-mentioned patent, the dust and harmful gas generated during the crushing are sucked into the collection cavity by the induced draft fan, the clean air is discharged from the air outlet, and the dust and harmful gas are intercepted by the filter screen and gradually precipitated into the collection box for collection. It is well known that during the above-mentioned working process, dust in the form of particulate matter is generated during the crushing of plastics, and the dust is intercepted by the filter screen, which will clog the filter screen after a long period of work. In order to solve the problem of clogging of the filter screen in the prior art, a knocking assembly is usually used to knock the filter screen to make it vibrate, which can clean the filter screen to a certain extent.

[0007] However, when the crushed plastic material is dry, a large amount of dust particles will be generated instantaneously during the crushing of the dry plastic, and a large amount of dust particles will be clogged in the filter screen instantaneously under the action of the induced draft fan. The dust particles on the filter screen cannot be cleaned in time, which will cause the air path to be blocked when the induced draft fan is running, affecting the service life of the induced draft fan. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a waste plastic crusher to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a crusher for waste plastics, comprising a processing frame and a crushing chamber mounted on the processing frame, a crushing assembly for crushing plastics is arranged inside the crushing chamber, a ventilation pipe is installed on one side of the crushing chamber, and an induced draft fan connected to the ventilation pipe is arranged on the processing frame, and the induced draft fan extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber; a first filter is installed on the ventilation pipe through a mounting frame, and a ventilation slot is also opened on the ventilation pipe, a protective cover is provided on the ventilation pipe on one side of the ventilation slot, and a second filter is provided inside the protective cover Parts; at the same time, an elastic support sealing part adapted to the ventilation slot is provided inside the ventilation duct; a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the first filter element is provided on the mounting frame, and the cleaning mechanism and the elastic support sealing part are connected through a linkage mechanism; when the first filter element is blocked by dust particles generated by the crushed plastic, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber drives the elastic support sealing part away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber are connected, and the first filter element is self-cleaned by the linkage mechanism and the cleaning mechanism during the travel of the elastic support sealing part away from the ventilation slot, so that the first filter element is unobstructed.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic support sealing member includes a sealing plate, a sealing groove adapted to the sealing plate is opened on the ventilation pipe, an elastic pressure unit is arranged inside the ventilation pipe, and the elastic pressure unit drives the sealing plate to be clamped in the sealing groove; the elastic pressure unit includes a mounting frame slidably connected to the ventilation pipe, a pressure rod is rotatably connected inside the ventilation pipe, a pressure gear is installed on the pressure rod, and a pressure rack meshing with the pressure gear is provided on the sealing plate; and a support spring is arranged between the mounting frame and the ventilation pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes a brush plate slidably connected to the mounting frame, and the brush plate is provided with multiple groups of cleaning bristles; and the brush plate is slidably connected to the mounting frame through a mounting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a linkage shaft rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe, and the linkage shaft and the pressure rod are connected through a synchronous part; a reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw is slidably connected to the mounting frame, the mounting block is installed on the threaded sleeve, and a linkage part is provided between the reciprocating screw and the linkage shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a bristle cleaning member for cleaning the cleaning bristles is provided on the mounting frame; the bristle cleaning member includes multiple groups of inserts, and the multiple groups of inserts are arranged on the mounting frame through supporting ribs; the mounting block is slidably connected to a mounting plate through a limit unit, and multiple groups of connecting springs are provided between the mounting plate and the brush plate; a guide portion is also provided between the mounting frame and the mounting block; the guide portion includes an avoidance groove provided on the first filter element, and a guide groove is provided on the mounting frame; an extrusion groove is provided on the inner side of the mounting block, and an adaptation groove is provided on the brush plate; when the driving screw drives the mounting block to slide inside the mounting frame, the mounting block 145 is driven to slide through the cooperation of the guide groove and the avoidance groove, so that the extrusion groove on the mounting block 145 cooperates with the brush plate adaptation groove to drive the brush plate to drive the cleaning bristles to abut against the first filter element.

[0014] Furthermore, a cleaning plate for cleaning the second filter element is provided inside the protective sleeve, and the cleaning plate is connected to the reciprocating screw through a transmission mechanism; when the elastic support sealing member moves away from the ventilation slot, the first filter element is self-cleaned by the linkage mechanism and the cleaning mechanism, and the second filter element is self-cleaned by the transmission mechanism and the cleaning plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission rod rotatably connected to the protective sleeve, a transmission gear is provided on the transmission rod, and a transmission rack engaged with the transmission gear is slidably connected to the protective sleeve, the cleaning plate is installed on the transmission rack, and the reciprocating screw and the transmission rod are connected through a synchronization unit.

[0016] Furthermore, a vibration unit is provided between the cleaning plate and the transmission rack to improve the cleaning effect of the second filter element.

[0017] Furthermore, the vibration unit includes a vibration block, and the cleaning plate and the vibration block are clamped together by a clamping piece; a mounting groove is provided on the transmission rack, and the vibration block is slidingly connected to the transmission rack through a limiting portion, and a vibration spring is provided between the vibration block and the mounting groove; a plurality of groups of protrusions are provided on the protective cover, and a vibration space is formed between adjacent protrusions, and the vibration block and the vibration space are intermittently clamped together, so that the cleaning plate intermittently abuts against the second filter element.

[0018] Furthermore, a loading piece is provided on one side of the processing frame, and a unloading piece is also provided on the side of the processing frame away from the loading piece.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during actual use, the waste plastic crusher places the plastic inside the crushing chamber and uses the crushing assembly to crush the plastic. When the crushed plastic is relatively dry or brittle, a large amount of dust particles will instantly appear in the dry plastic during the crushing process. The large amount of dust particles will clog the filter screen in an instant under the action of the induced draft fan. When the first filter element is clogged by the dust particles generated by the crushed plastic, the pressure inside the ventilation pipe is lower than that inside the crushing chamber outside the ventilation pipe. In order to ensure the gas circulation inside the crushing chamber and the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber drives the elastic support sealing member away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber are connected. The gas inside the crushing chamber will enter the ventilation pipe through the ventilation slot and be discharged through the induced draft fan. Therefore, the influence of the blockage of the first filter element on the induced draft fan can be avoided, meeting the working needs.

[0020] Furthermore, when the elastic support sealing member is away from the ventilation slot, the gas inside the crushing chamber will enter the ventilation pipe through the ventilation slot, ensuring pressure balance within the crushing chamber. The first filter element is then passively cleaned by the linkage mechanism and the cleaning mechanism. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a complex mechanical mechanism to clean the first filter element. Instead, the cleaning process is passively performed to ensure pressure balance within the crushing chamber, significantly improving the practicality of the crusher. When the first filter element is unblocked, the gas inside the crushing chamber can smoothly enter the ventilation pipe through the first filter element, achieving pressure balance between the ventilation pipe and the crushing chamber. At this point, the pressure on the elastic support sealing member is reduced, and the elastic force of the elastic support sealing member will once again block the ventilation slot. If the first filter element becomes clogged again, the elastic support sealing member will reopen the ventilation slot, repeating the cycle while simultaneously self-cleaning the first filter element, significantly improving the practicality of the crusher.

[0021] Furthermore, during the cleaning process of the first filter element, when the reciprocating screw rotates, it will drive the transmission rod to rotate through the synchronization unit, and then the brush plate can be driven to slide back and forth in the protective sleeve through the cooperation of the transmission gear and the transmission rack to clean the second filter element. Therefore, there is no need to set up a separate cleaning device to clean the second filter element. In order to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber, the first filter element is passively cleaned during the stroke, and the second filter element is also passively cleaned during the stroke, which further improves the practicality of the crusher and meets the work needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ventilation pipe structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of the installation frame from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the linkage between the elastic support sealing member and the cleaning mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the linkage mechanism installation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection between the bristle cleaning member and the cleaning bristles provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cleaning brush and the second filter element provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Top view of the state;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle line AA;

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a vibration unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the local state structure of a ventilation pipe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a ventilation duct as viewed from above provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle edge BB;

[0037] Figure 15 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the CC cross-sectional structure along the middle edge;

[0038] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the location of the avoidance groove provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a state where the bristle cleaning member and cleaning bristles are separated according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the crushing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. processing frame; 2. loading member; 3. unloading member; 4. crushing chamber; 5. crushing assembly; 6. induced draft fan; 7. ventilation pipe; 8. mounting frame; 9. first filter element; 10. protective cover; 11. second filter element; 12. blocking plate; 121. blocking groove; 13. elastic pressure unit; 131. mounting frame; 132. supporting spring; 133. pressure rod; 134. pressure gear; 135. pressure rack; 14. cleaning mechanism; 141. mounting plate; 142. brush plate; 143. cleaning brush bristles; 144. connecting spring; 145. Mounting block; 15. Linkage mechanism; 151. Reciprocating screw; 152. Threaded sleeve; 153. Linkage part; 154. Linkage shaft; 16. Brush cleaning member; 161. Insert; 162. Support rib; 163. Avoidance groove; 164. Guide groove; 165. Extrusion groove; 166. Adapter groove; 17. Cleaning plate; 18. Transmission mechanism; 181. Transmission rod; 182. Transmission gear; 183. Transmission rack; 184. Synchronizing unit; 19. Vibration unit; 191. Vibration block; 192. Vibration spring; 193. Bump; 194. Vibration space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figures 1-19The present invention provides a technical solution: a crusher for waste plastics, comprising a processing frame 1 and a crushing chamber 4 mounted on the processing frame 1, a crushing assembly 5 for crushing plastics is arranged inside the crushing chamber 4, a ventilation pipe 7 is installed on one side of the crushing chamber 4, and a draft fan 6 connected to the ventilation pipe 7 is arranged on the processing frame 1, the draft fan 6 extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber 4; a first filter element 9 is installed on the ventilation pipe 7 through an installation frame 8, and a ventilation slot is also opened on the ventilation pipe 7, a protective cover 10 is provided on the ventilation pipe 7 on one side of the ventilation slot, and a second filter element 11 is arranged inside the protective cover 10; at the same time, An elastic support sealing member adapted to the ventilation slot is provided inside the air duct 7; a cleaning mechanism 14 for cleaning the first filter element 9 is provided on the mounting frame 8, and the cleaning mechanism 14 and the elastic support sealing member are connected via a linkage mechanism 15; when the first filter element 9 is blocked by dust particles generated by crushed plastic, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber 4 drives the elastic support sealing member away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber 4 are connected, and in the process of the elastic support sealing member moving away from the ventilation slot, the first filter element 9 is self-cleaned through the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14, so as to achieve unobstructed flow of the first filter element 9.

[0045] Specifically, the waste plastic crusher includes a processing frame 1 and a crushing chamber 4 installed on the processing frame 1. A crushing assembly 5 for crushing plastic is provided inside the crushing chamber 4, which is used to crush the plastic inside the crushing chamber 4. The crushing assembly 5 includes at least two crushing rollers, and the multiple crushing rollers are engaged by gears, and a motor for driving the crushing rollers to rotate is provided on the processing frame 1 to achieve the crushing of the waste plastic entering the crushing chamber 4. Specifically, the crushing assembly 5 also includes other components, which are not described here, so as to meet the needs of the crushing work. A ventilation pipe 7 is installed on one side of the crushing chamber 4, and an induced draft fan 6 connected to the ventilation pipe 7 is provided on the processing frame 1. The induced draft fan 6 extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber 4, thereby preventing the spread of harmful gases. Specifically, a collection box is provided on the processing frame 1, and the induced draft fan 6 draws the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 into the collection box. The gas can be discharged only after disinfection treatment, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the diffusion of harmful gases during the crushing process. Specifically, the collection box and the subsequent disinfection equipment are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] The first filter 9 is installed on the ventilation pipe 7 through the installation frame 8, and the ventilation pipe 7 is provided with ventilation grooves, and the ventilation pipe 7 is provided with a protective sleeve 10 on one side of the ventilation grooves, and the protective sleeve 10 is provided with a second filter 11 inside. Preferably, the ventilation grooves are two, and the two ventilation grooves are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ventilation pipe 7, and the second filter 11 and the subsequent structure related to the second filter 11 are both two, and the effect is better. When the first filter 9 is blocked, the gas in the crushing cavity 4 will enter the inside of the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation grooves, so as to ensure the air circulation in the crushing cavity 4. Specifically, the structure and working principle of the first filter 9 and the second filter 11 are the same, both including a filter frame, and a filter screen is embedded in the filter frame to meet the filtering needs.

[0047] At the same time, the ventilation pipe 7 is provided with an elastic supporting plugging piece matched with the ventilation grooves. When the first filter 9 is in a smooth state, the elastic force of the elastic supporting plugging piece at this moment will plug the ventilation grooves. At this moment, the gas in the crushing cavity 4 enters the inside of the ventilation pipe 7 through the first filter 9, and the gas in the crushing cavity 4 is discharged through the induced draft fan 6 to meet the working needs.

[0048] The cleaning mechanism 14 for cleaning the first filter 9 is arranged on the installation frame 8, which can clean the first filter 9 and clean the dust particles blocked on the first filter 9 to realize the smoothness of the first filter 9, so as to continue to meet the filtering work of the first filter 9. More specifically, the cleaning mechanism 14 and the elastic supporting plugging piece are connected through the linkage mechanism 15, so that the first filter 9 can be passively cleaned during the stroke of the elastic supporting plugging piece, and the use effect is better.

[0049] Specifically, in the actual use process, the plastic is placed in the crushing cavity 4, and the crushing assembly 5 is used to crush the plastic. When the crushed plastic is dry or brittle, a large amount of dust particles will be generated in the crushing process of the dry plastic. A large amount of dust particles will be blocked by the filter screen under the action of the induced draft fan 6. When the first filter 9 is blocked by the dust particles generated by the crushed plastic, the pressure in the ventilation pipe 7 is less than that in the crushing cavity 4 outside the ventilation pipe 7. In order to circulate the gas in the crushing cavity 4, the pressure balance in the crushing cavity 4 is ensured. At this moment, the gas pressure in the crushing cavity 4 drives the elastic supporting plugging piece to move away from the ventilation grooves, so that the ventilation grooves are in communication with the crushing cavity 4. At this time, the gas in the crushing cavity 4 enters the inside of the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation grooves, and the gas is discharged through the induced draft fan 6, so as to avoid the influence of the blocking of the first filter 9 on the induced draft fan 6, and meet the working needs. Of course, the gas in the crushing cavity 4 will be filtered by the second filter 11 before entering the inside of the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation grooves, so as to avoid affecting the use of the induced draft fan 6.

[0050] At the same time, when the elastic support blocking member is away from the ventilation slot, the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14 self-clean the first filter element 9 to ensure that the first filter element 9 is unobstructed. Therefore, when the elastic support blocking member is away from the ventilation slot, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 will enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation slot, ensuring the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4. During the stroke, the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14 passively clean the first filter element 9. Therefore, there is no need to set up a complex mechanical mechanism to clean the first filter element 9. Instead, it is passively cleaned during the stroke to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, greatly improving the practicality of the crusher. When the first filter element 9 is unobstructed, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 can smoothly enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the first filter element 9, that is, the pressure balance between the ventilation pipe 7 and the crushing chamber 4 is achieved, and the pressure on the elastic support blocking member will be reduced. At this time, the elastic force of the elastic support blocking member will once again block the ventilation slot. If the first filter element 9 is blocked again, the elastic support sealing member will open the ventilation slot again, and the first filter element 9 can be self-cleaned during the reciprocating cycle, which greatly improves the practicality of the crusher.

[0051] In the embodiment provided by the present application, the elastic supporting plugging member includes a plugging plate 12, and a plugging groove 121 is formed on the ventilation pipe 7 and matched with the plugging plate 12. When the plugging plate 12 is clamped in the plugging groove 121, the ventilation groove can be plugged. An elastic pressing unit 13 is arranged in the ventilation pipe 7, and the elastic pressing unit 13 drives the plugging plate 12 to be clamped in the plugging groove 121. The elastic pressing unit 13 includes a mounting frame 131 which is slidably connected to the ventilation pipe 7, a pressing rod 133 which is rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe 7, a pressing gear 134 which is arranged on the pressing rod 133, and a pressing rack 135 which is arranged on the plugging plate 12 and matched with the pressing gear 134. A supporting spring 132 is arranged between the mounting frame 131 and the ventilation pipe 7. Specifically, a vertical groove is formed on the ventilation pipe 7, the mounting frame 131 is vertically slidably connected to the vertical groove, and the supporting spring 132 is arranged between the vertical groove and the mounting frame 131, so that the elastic pressing unit 13 can plug the plugging plate 12 in the plugging groove 121. In the use process, when the first filter 9 is blocked by the dust particles generated by the crushed plastic, the pressure in the ventilation pipe 7 is smaller than that in the crushing cavity 4 outside the ventilation pipe 7. In order to make the gas in the crushing cavity 4 flow, the pressure balance in the crushing cavity 4 is ensured, and the gas pressure in the crushing cavity 4 drives the plugging plate 12 to slide with the pressing rack 135. After the pressing rack 135 and the mounting frame 131 overcome the elastic force of the supporting spring 132, the plugging plate 12 is away from the plugging groove 121, the gas in the crushing cavity 4 can enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation groove, and the gas can be discharged through the induced draft fan 6. Therefore, the influence of the blocking of the first filter 9 on the induced draft fan 6 can be avoided, and the working requirement can be met.

[0052] In the embodiment provided by the present application, the cleaning mechanism 14 includes a brush plate 142 which is slidably connected to the mounting frame 8, and a plurality of cleaning brushes 143 are arranged on the brush plate 142. The brush plate 142 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 8 through a mounting block 145. Therefore, when the mounting block 145 slides, the brush plate 142 slides, the brush plate 142 drives the brushes to slide on the first filter 9, and the first filter 9 is cleaned.

[0053] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the linkage mechanism 15 includes a linkage shaft 154 rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe 7, and the linkage shaft 154 is connected to the pressure rod 133 via a synchronous member. A reciprocating screw 151 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 8, and a threaded sleeve 152 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 8 and is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw 151. The mounting block 145 is mounted on the threaded sleeve 152, and a linkage portion 153 is provided between the reciprocating screw 151 and the linkage shaft 154. Specifically, the synchronous member can be a pulley transmission member well known in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The diameter of the linkage shaft 154 is smaller than the diameter of the pressure rod 133. Based on the transmission ratio, when the speed is constant, the number of revolutions of the linkage shaft 154 is greater than the number of revolutions of the pressure rod 133. That is, the number of revolutions of the reciprocating screw 151 driven by the linkage shaft 154 is sufficient to drive the threaded sleeve 152 to slide back and forth on the mounting frame 8. When the mounting block 145 slides, the brush plate 142 is driven to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9 to clean the first filter element 9. Similarly, the linkage part 153 can also be a pulley transmission part to meet the rotation of the reciprocating screw rod 151. During operation, when the first filter element 9 is blocked by dust particles generated by crushed plastic, the pressure inside the ventilation pipe 7 is lower than that inside the crushing chamber 4 outside the ventilation pipe 7. In order to ensure the gas circulation inside the crushing chamber 4 and to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber 4 drives the sealing plate 12 to drive the pressure rack 135 to slide. When the pressure rack 135 slides, it will passively drive the pressure gear 134 to rotate, and drive the pressure rod 133 to rotate through the pressure gear 134, and then drive the linkage shaft 154 to rotate through the synchronous member. When the linkage shaft 154 rotates, it will drive the reciprocating screw rod 151 to rotate through the linkage part 153, and then drive the mounting block 145 to slide through the threaded sleeve 152, which will drive the brush plate 142 to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9, thereby cleaning the first filter element 9 and meeting work needs. Preferably, foldable sealing curtains are provided between the front and rear sides of the threaded sleeve 152 and the mounting frame 8. These curtains automatically expand and collapse when the threaded sleeve 152 slides, thereby effectively reducing the amount of gas inside the crushing chamber 4 from entering the ventilation pipe 7 through the sliding area of ​​the threaded sleeve 152, further meeting operational requirements. The foldable sealing curtains are conventional technology, and their structure and operating principle are not described in detail herein.

[0054] In the embodiment provided herein, a bristle cleaning member 16 is provided on the mounting frame 8 for cleaning the cleaning bristles 143. This allows for cleaning of the cleaning bristles 143, preventing the accumulation of dust particles on the cleaning bristles 143 from affecting the cleaning effect of the first filter element 9, and significantly improving the practicality of the pulverizer. The bristle cleaning member 16 comprises multiple groups of inserts 161, which are mounted on the mounting frame 8 via support ribs 162. The support ribs 162 ensure sufficient clearance between the inserts 161 and the cleaning bristles 143, facilitating cleaning of the bristles 143 by the inserts 161. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the mounting block 145 is slidably connected to the threaded sleeve 152 via a positioning member. The mounting block 145 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 141 through a limiting unit, and multiple groups of connecting springs 144 are arranged between the mounting plate 141 and the brush plate 142; a guide portion is also provided between the mounting frame 8 and the mounting block 145; the guide portion includes an avoidance groove 163 provided on the first filter element 9, and a guide groove 164 is provided on the mounting frame 8; an extrusion groove 165 is provided on the inner side of the mounting block 145, and an adaptation groove 166 is provided on the brush plate 142. Therefore, during use, when the driving screw drives the mounting block 145 to slide inside the mounting frame 8, the mounting block 145 is driven to slide relative to the mounting plate 141 through the cooperation of the guide groove 164 and the avoidance groove 163, so that the extrusion groove 165 on the mounting block 145 cooperates with the adaptation groove 166 of the brush plate 142 to drive the brush plate 142 to drive the cleaning bristles 143 to abut against the first filter element 9. At this moment, when the mounting block 145 slides relative to the mounting frame 8, it will drive the brush plate 142 to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9, thereby cleaning the first filter element 9 and improving the cleaning efficiency of the first filter element 9.

[0055] Meanwhile, when the threaded sleeve 152 slides reversely, the mounting block 145 will slide relative to the mounting plate 141 under the influence of the avoidance groove 163 and the guide groove 164, at this moment, the extrusion groove 165 on the mounting block 145 is away from the matching groove 166 on the brush plate 142, before this, when the brush plate 142 slides reversely, it will drive the cleaning brush 143 to slide to a certain position, when the threaded sleeve 152 continuously slides reversely, the connecting spring 144 restores the elastic deformation to drive the brush plate 142 to slide to the side close to the mounting plate 141, the connecting spring 144 restores the elastic deformation to drive the brush plate 142 to slide, at this moment, the brush plate 142 drives the cleaning brush 142 to slide out of the plug 161, realizing the cleaning effect of the cleaning brush 143, which is cyclic and has excellent use effect. More specifically, when the reciprocating screw rod 151 does not rotate, the threaded sleeve 152 is located in the mounting frame 8, and the plug 161 is inserted in the cleaning brush 143. At the same time, the pitch of the reciprocating screw rod 151 can be set according to the working environment.

[0056] In the embodiment provided by the application, the protective sleeve 10 is internally provided with a cleaning plate 17 for cleaning the second filter 11. The cleaning plate 17 can clean the second filter 11, so that the gas in the broken chamber 4 can pass through the ventilation groove into the ventilation pipe 7, avoiding affecting the use effect of the induced draft fan 6, further meeting the working needs. The cleaning plate 17 and the reciprocating screw rod 151 are transmissionally connected through the transmission mechanism 18, so that when the first filter 9 is cleaned by the reciprocating screw rod 151, the second filter 11 is passively cleaned by the cleaning plate 17, greatly improving the working efficiency of the crusher. When the elastic supporting plugging member is away from the ventilation groove and the first filter 9 is self-cleaned by the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14, the second filter 11 is self-cleaned by the transmission mechanism 18 and the cleaning plate 17, greatly improving the practicability of the crusher.

[0057] In the embodiment provided herein, the transmission mechanism 18 includes a transmission rod 181 rotatably connected to the protective sleeve 10. A transmission gear 182 is provided on the transmission rod 181. A transmission rack 183 is slidably connected to the protective sleeve 10 and meshes with the transmission gear 182. The cleaning plate 17 is mounted on the transmission rack 183, and the reciprocating screw 151 is connected to the transmission rod 181 via a synchronization unit 184. Therefore, during use, when the reciprocating screw 151 rotates, it drives the transmission rod 181 through the synchronization unit 184. This, in turn, drives the brush plate 142 to slide back and forth within the protective sleeve 10 through the cooperation of the transmission gear 182 and the transmission rack 183, thereby cleaning the second filter element 11. Therefore, the second filter element 11 can be cleaned without the need for a separate cleaning device. Furthermore, the second filter element 11 is also cleaned passively during the stroke to ensure pressure balance within the crushing chamber 4, further improving the practicality of the crusher and meeting operational requirements. The synchronization unit 184 is a prior art synchronous wheel assembly, and its structure and working principle are not described in detail here. Preferably, foldable sealing curtains are provided between the front and rear sides of the transmission rack 183 and the protective cover 10. These curtains automatically expand and collapse as the transmission rack 183 slides, effectively reducing the amount of gas within the crushing chamber 4 that enters the ventilation pipe 7 from the sliding area of ​​the transmission rack 183, further meeting operational requirements. The foldable sealing curtains are prior art, and their structure and working principle are not described in detail here.

[0058] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a vibration unit 19 is provided between the cleaning plate 17 and the transmission rack 183 to improve the cleaning effect of the second filter element 11. By providing the vibration unit 19, the cleaning brush can passively vibrate during the reciprocating sliding stroke inside the protective cover 10, intermittently contacting the second filter element 11, causing the second filter element 11 to vibrate, further improving the cleaning effect of the second filter element 11. The vibration unit 19 includes a vibration block 191, and the cleaning plate 17 and the vibration block 191 are clamped together by a clamping member. The transmission rack 183 has a mounting slot, and the vibration block 191 is slidably connected to the transmission rack 183 through a limiter. A vibration spring 192 is provided between the vibration block 191 and the mounting slot. The protective cover 10 is provided with multiple groups of protrusions 193, and a vibration space 194 is formed between adjacent protrusions 193. The vibration block 191 and the vibration space 194 are intermittently engaged, so that the cleaning plate 17 intermittently contacts the second filter element 11, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the second filter element 11.

[0059] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a loading member 2 is provided on one side of the processing frame 1, and a discharge member 3 is further provided on the side of the processing frame 1 away from the loading member 2. Specifically, the loading member 2 and the discharge member 3 are both existing technologies, thereby facilitating the loading of waste plastics and the discharge of waste plastics after crushing, greatly improving the working efficiency of the crusher.

[0060] It should be noted that the electrical equipment involved in this application can be powered by batteries or external power supply.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc., should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crusher for waste plastics, comprising a processing frame (1) and a crushing chamber (4) mounted on the processing frame (1), wherein a crushing assembly (5) for crushing plastics is provided inside the crushing chamber (4), characterized in that: A ventilation pipe (7) is installed on one side of the crushing chamber (4), and an induced draft fan (6) connected to the ventilation pipe (7) is provided on the processing frame (1), and the induced draft fan (6) extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber (4); A first filter element (9) is installed on the ventilation pipe (7) via a mounting frame (8), and a ventilation slot is also provided on the ventilation pipe (7). A protective sleeve (10) is provided on one side of the ventilation slot, and a second filter element (11) is provided inside the protective sleeve (10). At the same time, an elastic support and blocking element adapted to the ventilation slot is provided inside the ventilation pipe (7); A cleaning mechanism (14) for cleaning the first filter element (9) is provided on the mounting frame (8), and the cleaning mechanism (14) is transmission-connected to the elastic support blocking element via a linkage mechanism (15); The elastic support sealing member comprises a sealing plate (12); a sealing groove (121) adapted to the sealing plate (12) is provided on the ventilation pipe (7); an elastic pressure unit (13) is provided inside the ventilation pipe (7); the elastic pressure unit (13) drives the sealing plate (12) to be clamped in the sealing groove (121); The elastic pressure unit (13) includes a mounting frame (131) slidably connected to the ventilation pipe (7), a pressure rod (133) is rotatably connected inside the ventilation pipe (7), a pressure gear (134) is installed on the pressure rod (133), and a pressure rack (135) meshing with the pressure gear (134) is provided on the blocking plate (12); A support spring (132) is provided between the mounting frame (131) and the ventilation pipe (7). When the first filter element (9) is clogged by dust particles generated by crushed plastic, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber (4) drives the elastic support sealing element away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber (4) are connected, and during the travel of the elastic support sealing element away from the ventilation slot, the first filter element (9) is self-cleaned through the linkage mechanism (15) and the cleaning mechanism (14), so that the first filter element (9) is unblocked.

2. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (14) comprises a brush plate (142) slidably connected to the mounting frame (8), and the brush plate (142) is provided with a plurality of groups of cleaning bristles (143); The brush plate (142) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (8) via the mounting block (145).

3. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism (15) includes a linkage shaft (154) rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe (7), and the linkage shaft (154) is connected to the pressure rod (133) through a synchronous member. A reciprocating screw rod (151) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (8), a threaded sleeve (152) threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod (151) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (8), the mounting block (145) is mounted on the threaded sleeve (152), and a linkage portion (153) is provided between the reciprocating screw rod (151) and the linkage shaft (154).

4. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bristle cleaning member (16) for cleaning the cleaning bristles (143) is provided on the mounting frame (8); The bristle cleaning member (16) comprises a plurality of groups of inserts (161), and the plurality of groups of inserts (161) are arranged on the mounting frame (8) via supporting ribs (162); The mounting block (145) is slidably connected to a mounting plate (141) via a limiting unit, a plurality of connection springs (144) are provided between the mounting plate (141) and the brush plate (142), and a guide portion is further provided between the mounting frame (8) and the mounting block (145); The guide portion includes an avoidance groove (163) provided on the first filter element (9), and a guide groove (164) is provided on the mounting frame (8); an extrusion groove (165) is provided on the inner side of the mounting block (145), and an adaption groove (166) is provided on the brush plate (142); When the driving screw drives the mounting block (145) to slide inside the mounting frame (8), the mounting block (145) is driven to slide by the cooperation of the guide groove (164) and the avoidance groove (163), so that the extrusion groove (165) on the mounting block (145) and the adaption groove (166) of the brush plate (142) cooperate to drive the brush plate (142) to drive the cleaning bristles (143) to abut against the first filter element (9).

5. The waste plastic crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cleaning plate (17) for cleaning the second filter element (11) is provided inside the protective sleeve (10), and the cleaning plate (17) is connected to the reciprocating screw (151) via a transmission mechanism (18); When the elastic support sealing member moves away from the ventilation slot, the first filter element (9) is self-cleaned by the linkage mechanism (15) and the cleaning mechanism (14), and the second filter element (11) is self-cleaned by the transmission mechanism (18) and the cleaning plate (17).

6. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (18) includes a transmission rod (181) rotatably connected to the protective sleeve (10), a transmission gear (182) being provided on the transmission rod (181), and a transmission rack (183) meshing with the transmission gear (182) being slidably connected to the protective sleeve (10), the cleaning plate (17) being mounted on the transmission rack (183), and a reciprocating screw rod (151) and the transmission rod (181) being transmission-connected via a synchronization unit (184).

7. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: A vibration unit (19) is provided between the cleaning plate (17) and the transmission rack (183) to improve the cleaning effect of the second filter element (11).

8. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration unit (19) comprises a vibration block (191), and the cleaning plate (17) and the vibration block (191) are clamped together via a clamping member; The transmission rack (183) is provided with a mounting groove, the vibration block (191) is slidably connected to the transmission rack (183) via a limiting portion, and a vibration spring (192) is provided between the vibration block (191) and the mounting groove; The protective sleeve (10) is provided with multiple groups of protrusions (193), a vibration space (194) is formed between two adjacent protrusions (193), and the vibration block (191) and the vibration space (194) are intermittently engaged, so that the cleaning plate (17) intermittently abuts against the second filter element (11).

9. The waste plastic crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: A loading piece (2) is provided on one side of the processing frame (1), and a unloading piece (3) is further provided on a side of the processing frame (1) away from the loading piece (2).

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