High-temperature-resistant, heat-insulating, waterproof and anti-static multifunctional fabric and application

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional fabrics, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant, heat-insulating, waterproof and anti-static multifunctional fabric and application thereof.The fabric sequentially comprises a super-hydrophobic protective layer, an efficient heat-insulating layer, a conductive buffer layer and a moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing comfortable layer from outside to inside, the graphene quantum dots and the intelligent response type self-repairing polymer are loaded on the base fabric, and the organic silicon resin coating covers the base fabric. CuS-coated MXene composite nanosheets which are 8-12 wt% of the organic silicon resin coating and are of a core-shell structure and temperature-sensitive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel which is 15-20 wt% of the organic silicon resin coating are dispersed in the organic silicon resin coating; the efficient heat insulation layer comprises porous ceramic fibers as a framework and SiO2 aerogel attached to the framework; the SiO2 aerogel is doped with 30 to 35 weight percent of lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant, 3.5 to 5 weight percent of MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide, and 4 to 6 weight percent of boron nitride nanosheet and magnetic nanoparticles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional fabrics, and specifically to a multifunctional fabric with high temperature resistance, heat insulation, waterproof and anti-static properties and its applications. Background Art

[0002] In high-temperature working environments, such as firefighters, high-temperature welders, steelworkers, etc., workers are faced with hazards such as open flames, high radiant heat, and high-temperature object splashes, and need to wear functional thermal protective clothing to ensure their own safety. However, although the existing thermal protective clothing fabrics have functions such as flame retardancy, high temperature resistance, heat insulation, waterproof breathability, and comfort, the following problems still exist in actual applications:

[0003] Heavy and stuffy to wear: Traditional thermal protective clothing usually adopts a multi-layer composite material structure, resulting in a relatively large overall weight, and it is easy to feel stuffy and uncomfortable when wearing. Prolonged wearing will increase the physical consumption of workers.

[0004] Poor breathability: Due to the need for good heat insulation performance, the breathability of many thermal protective clothing fabrics is poor, which hinders the dissipation of human body heat and sweat, and is easy to cause the accumulation of internal moisture, affecting the comfort and work efficiency of workers.

[0005] Poor washability and wearing comfort: Some high-performance materials may lose their original functional characteristics after being washed many times. At the same time, the lack of softness and elasticity of the fabric will also affect the freedom of movement and comfort of the wearer.

[0006] Poor bonding strength between the base fabric layer and the surface material: The bonding effect between different layers is not good, and problems such as breakage, tearing, and material shedding are likely to occur, reducing the overall service life and reliability of the protective clothing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional fabric with high temperature resistance, heat insulation, waterproof and anti-static properties and its applications, which solves the problems in the above background art.

[0008] According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multifunctional fabric with high temperature resistance, heat insulation, waterproof and anti-static properties, which sequentially includes a superhydrophobic protective layer, a high-efficiency heat insulation layer, a conductive buffer layer, and a moisture-absorbing and sweat-evaporating comfort layer from outside to inside, wherein:

[0009] The superhydrophobic protective layer includes a base fabric, graphene quantum dots and a smart-responsive self-healing polymer loaded on the base fabric, and a silicone resin coating covering the base fabric. The silicone resin coating is dispersed with 8-12 wt% of core-shell structured CuS@MXene composite nanosheets and 15-20 wt% of thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels (PNIPAM) of the silicone resin coating;

[0010] The high-efficiency heat-insulating layer includes porous ceramic fibers as a framework, and SiO 2 aerogel attached to the framework; 30-35 wt% of lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant, 3.5-5 wt% of MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide, 4-6 wt% of boron nitride nanosheets (BN nanosheets) and magnetic nanoparticles are doped in the SiO 2 aerogel;

[0011] The conductive buffer layer includes an elastomer matrix, and conductive fillers, luminescent materials, biochar nanoparticles and titanium carbide nanowires are doped in the elastomer matrix;

[0012] The moisture-absorbing and sweat-evaporating comfort layer includes a base fabric formed by weaving protein fibers and regenerated cellulose fibers, and calcium alginate microspheres and microencapsulated probiotic ferment are loaded on the base fabric.

[0013] Through the two-layer structure design and material coupling, a dynamic cycle of photothermal energy capture - directional transmission - intelligent storage / release is realized. Energy capture and conversion (superhydrophobic protective layer) CuS@MXene composite nanosheets: CuS (copper sulfide) has wide-spectrum absorption characteristics (especially the absorption rate in the near-infrared band > 90%), and can efficiently convert sunlight into heat energy; MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) as a conductive substrate enhances the photothermal conversion efficiency through the surface plasmon resonance effect, and at the same time its two-dimensional sheet structure forms a heat conduction channel.

[0014] Thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel (PNIPAM): When the temperature exceeds the critical value (about 32-35 °C), the polymer chains undergo a phase change and shrink, resulting in the opening of micropores on the coating surface (the porosity increases by 30%), which not only accelerates the heat transfer to the heat-insulating layer, but also reduces the surface temperature through evaporation heat dissipation. Heat transfer and storage (high-efficiency heat-insulating layer) Vertically aligned boron nitride (BN) nanosheets: BN nanosheets (thermal conductivity about 400 W / m·K) arranged directionally along the thickness direction form a longitudinal heat conduction path, quickly conducting the surface heat into the interior of the heat-insulating layer to avoid local overheating.

[0015] Lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant: The three-dimensional network of graphene aerogel (porosity > 98%) loads lauric acid (phase change enthalpy about 180 J / g), constrains the phase change material through capillary force to solve the leakage problem; the graphene framework also serves as a heat conduction enhancer to evenly distribute heat throughout the phase change system.

[0016] Dynamic collaborative process: During the day: CuS@MXene absorbs solar energy - heat is conducted through the MXene interface to the BN thermal conduction network - heat is stored by the phase change material (delaying temperature rise); High-temperature trigger: When the temperature > 35°C, PNIPAM microgels shrink - pores open to accelerate heat dissipation + phase change material absorbs heat - double cooling; Night / low temperature: The phase change material releases the stored heat (slowly releases through the graphene framework), maintaining the internal temperature stable.

[0017] Synergistic enhancement of boron nitride nanosheets (BN nanosheets): Construct an intelligent heat flow path of "longitudinal heat conduction + transverse heat insulation" Addition amount control: Using the electric field-assisted self-assembly technique (voltage 500 - 800 V / cm), BN nanosheets are oriented vertically by more than 80% in the SiO 2 aerogel. Multi-scale coupling effect: Macroscopic level: Vertically arranged BN nanosheets form "heat pipes", increasing the in-plane thermal conductivity to 1.2 W / m·K (6 times higher than that of pure aerogel); Microscopic level: MXene nanosheets are horizontally interspersed between BN layers, suppressing the normal thermal conductivity below 0.025 W / m·K through phonon scattering; Synergistic index: Under 1000 W / m 2 illumination, the longitudinal heat transfer rate increases by 300%, while the transverse heat diffusion is reduced to 1 / 5 of the original aerogel.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base fabric is high-strength polyamide fiber;

[0019] The core of the core-shell structured CuS@MXene composite nanosheet is copper sulfide nanoparticles, and the shell layer is MXene nanosheets;

[0020] The surface of the copper sulfide nanoparticles adsorbs the MXene nanosheets through electrostatic self-assembly, forming a continuously coated shell layer with a thickness of 5 - 8 nm;

[0021] The MXene nanosheets are single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional sheets, with a lateral size of 200 - 500 nm and a thickness of 1 - 2 nm;

[0022] The copper sulfide nanoparticles are spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 50 - 80 nm, and the surface is rich in sulfur vacancy defects.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base fabric is high-strength polyamide fiber PA6 or high-strength polyamide fiber PA66.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the graphene quantum dots account for 0.1 - 0.5 wt% of the superhydrophobic protective layer;

[0025] The intelligent responsive self-healing polymer accounts for 2 - 5 wt% of the superhydrophobic protective layer;

[0026] The intelligent responsive self-healing polymer is a polyurethane-urea with a molecular weight of 50,000 - 100,000 Da.

[0027] Graphene quantum dots (GQDs): GQDs significantly enhance the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of the coating, and their optical properties can reflect part of the infrared rays, reducing the burden on the high-efficiency heat insulation layer. At the same time, the small size and high specific surface area of GQDs help to evenly disperse other nanoparticles, improving the overall stability of the coating.

[0028] Function of graphene quantum dots (GQDs): Graphene quantum dots can effectively reflect infrared rays, reducing the inward transfer of external heat and alleviating the burden on the high-efficiency heat insulation layer. In a high-temperature environment, this reflection effect is particularly important and can significantly reduce the rate of internal temperature rise.

[0029] Magnetic nanoparticles can cooperate with graphene quantum dots. Magnetic nanoparticles optimize the internal temperature distribution by sensing changes in the external magnetic field. When the superhydrophobic protective layer is affected by external environmental changes, such as approaching a fire source or a strong light source, the magnetic nanoparticles will adjust their arrangement accordingly, further enhancing the thermal management effect.

[0030] Intelligent responsive self-healing polymer: This polymer can automatically fill microcracks when damaged, extending the service life of the coating. It can also trigger the self-healing mechanism through environmental changes (such as temperature and humidity) to ensure long-term protection. This characteristic indirectly protects the high-efficiency heat insulation layer from external damage and ensures its long-term stable working performance.

[0031] The porous ceramic fiber, as the basic structure of the high-efficiency heat insulation layer, provides mechanical support and prevents damage caused by external impacts, thus ensuring the durability of the overall fabric.

[0032] MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbides, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and piezoelectric ceramic powder (PZT) in the conductive buffer layer jointly construct a continuous conductive path. This not only improves the overall electrical conductivity of the fabric but also effectively prevents the accumulation of static electricity, especially in a dry environment, enhancing the anti-static performance.

[0033] MXene has excellent electromagnetic shielding effect, which can not only reduce heat conduction but also jointly provide additional electromagnetic protection with the conductive buffer layer, especially suitable for applications in high-frequency environments. For example, in an industrial environment, this synergistic effect can protect the wearer from electromagnetic interference.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the porous ceramic fiber accounts for 60 - 70 wt% of the high-efficiency heat insulation layer;

[0035] The SiO 2The aerogel accounts for 30-40 wt% of the high-efficiency thermal insulation layer.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic nanoparticles account for 0.5-1 wt% of the high-efficiency thermal insulation layer;

[0037] The boron nitride nanosheets achieve a vertical orientation degree of >80% in the SiO 2 aerogel;

[0038] The lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant is a composite material formed by using graphene aerogel as a three-dimensional framework and filling the pores of the three-dimensional framework with a composite of the lauric acid, butyl stearate, and nanodiamond;

[0039] wherein, the butyl stearate is 3-5 wt% of the mass of the composite;

[0040] The nanodiamond is 1-2 wt% of the mass of the composite.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic nanoparticles can be Fe 3 O 4 particles.

[0042] The porous ceramic fiber and the SiO 2 aerogel: The porous ceramic fiber provides structural support and preliminary thermal insulation function, while the ultra-high porosity and low thermal conductivity of the SiO 2 aerogel further enhance the thermal insulation effect. The combination of the two forms an efficient thermal insulation barrier.

[0043] Magnetic nanoparticles: These particles can regulate the internal temperature distribution through an external magnetic field to achieve active thermal management. They can also sense weak magnetic field changes from the superhydrophobic protective layer to optimize the thermal regulation effect.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the elastomer matrix accounts for 70-80 wt% of the conductive buffer layer;

[0045] The conductive filler accounts for 15-20 wt% of the conductive buffer layer;

[0046] The luminescent material accounts for 0-5 wt% of the conductive buffer layer;

[0047] The biochar nanoparticles account for 3-4 wt% of the conductive buffer layer;

[0048] The titanium carbide nanowires account for 1-2 wt% of the conductive buffer layer.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the protein fiber accounts for 60 wt% of the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer;

[0050] The regenerated cellulose fiber accounts for 30 wt% of the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer;

[0051] The calcium alginate microspheres account for 5-7 wt% of the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer;

[0052] The microencapsulated probiotic ferment accounts for 3-5 wt% of the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer.

[0053] Protein fiber and regenerated cellulose fiber have good moisture absorption and air permeability, quickly absorb and conduct the sweat generated on the human body surface; the bionic structure increases the surface area and promotes water evaporation; calcium alginate microspheres (CaAlgMicrospheres) can quickly absorb sweat and regulate the pH value of the skin surface.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microencapsulated probiotic ferment is a microencapsulated Lactobacillus ferment;

[0055] The protein fiber is one of spider silk protein or silk protein, and the fineness of the protein fiber is 1.5-3 dtex;

[0056] The fineness of the regenerated cellulose fiber is 1.5-3 dtex;

[0057] The particle size of the calcium alginate microspheres is 1-5 μm;

[0058] The particle size of the microencapsulated probiotic ferment is 1-5 μm.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the regenerated cellulose fiber can be Lyocell fiber.

[0060] Protein fiber and regenerated cellulose fiber: These two natural fibers have good moisture absorption and air permeability, can quickly absorb and conduct the sweat generated on the human body surface, and keep the skin dry.

[0061] Bionic structure: Mimicking the microstructures of cicada wings or butterfly wings increases the surface area, promotes water evaporation, and further improves the sweat-wicking efficiency.

[0062] Calcium alginate microspheres (CaAlg Microspheres): These microspheres have excellent moisture absorption and ion exchange capabilities, can quickly absorb sweat and regulate the pH value of the skin surface, and maintain the acid-base balance of the skin.

[0063] Microencapsulated probiotics (such as Lactobacillus): These probiotics maintain the skin microbial balance, prevent skin diseases, and improve wearing comfort. They can also produce metabolites to help decompose organic pollutants that may adhere to other layers and assist in cleaning.

[0064] The sweat and moisture absorbed by the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer are evaporated by the latent heat released from the phase change material microcapsules in the highly efficient heat-insulating layer. The phase change material microcapsules absorb and store heat at high temperatures and release it when the temperature drops, playing a role in temperature regulation. This synergistic mechanism enables the fabric to maintain good thermal management performance under different temperature conditions. The calcium alginate microspheres quickly absorb sweat and regulate the pH value of the skin surface, maintaining a suitable skin environment and improving wearing comfort. At the same time, they can also assist in cleaning other layers, keeping the entire system clean and dry.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the elastomeric matrix is one of polyurethane or silicone rubber, and the Shore hardness of the elastomeric matrix is 20 - 50A;

[0066] The conductive filler is a composite material with a mass ratio of carbon nanotubes (CNT) to piezoelectric ceramic powder (PZT) of 1:1 - 1:2. The length of the carbon nanotubes is 1 - 5μm, and the particle size of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 1 - 5μm;

[0067] The luminescent material is zinc sulfide particles doped with copper, and the particle size of the luminescent material is 1 - 5μm;

[0068] The particle size of the biochar nanoparticles (BCNPs) is 10 - 50nm;

[0069] The diameter of the titanium carbide nanowires is 10 - 50nm, and the length is 1 - 5μm.

[0070] Elastomeric matrix and conductive filler: The elastomeric matrix provides good flexibility and comfort, while the conductive filler (CNT and PZT) constructs an efficient conductive network, ensuring both conductive performance and not affecting the wearing experience.

[0071] Luminescent material: The electroluminescent powder (such as ZnS doped with Cu) can emit visible light under specific conditions, for energy harvesting or display functions, increasing the intelligence level of the fabric.

[0072] Biochar nanoparticles (BCNPs): BCNPs not only improve the performance of the conductive network but also endow antibacterial protection functions, preventing bacterial growth and maintaining skin health.

[0073] Titanium carbide (TiC) nanowires: TiC nanowires enhance the conductivity and impact resistance, and at the same time, the two together enhance the stability and durability of the overall structure, ensuring reliable performance under extreme conditions.

[0074] Biochar nanoparticles in the conductive buffer layer can sense humidity changes and transmit them to other layers via electrical signals. When the humidity increases, the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer accelerates the sweating rate according to the received signal, improving the comfort of the wearer. The antibacterial protection function provided by the conductive buffer layer and the microencapsulated probiotics in the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer work synergistically to maintain skin health and prevent bacterial growth. The metabolites of the probiotics can also help clean other layers, keep the whole system clean and dry, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, and further maintain the hygienic conditions of the fabric. In addition, the metabolic activities of the probiotics help maintain the skin microbial balance and prevent the occurrence of skin diseases.

[0075] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application of the above-mentioned high-temperature resistant, heat-insulating, waterproof and anti-static multifunctional fabric in personal protective products.

[0076] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Superhydrophobic protection layer and high-efficiency heat-insulating layer: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) reflect part of the infrared rays, reducing the burden on the high-efficiency heat-insulating layer; Magnetic nanoparticles sense the weak magnetic field changes from the superhydrophobic protection layer to optimize the heat regulation effect.

[0077] Conductive buffer layer and high-efficiency heat-insulating layer: The conductive network of the conductive buffer layer and MXene in the high-efficiency heat-insulating layer form a continuous conduction path to prevent static electricity accumulation and enhance the overall anti-static performance.

[0078] Moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer and other layers: The sweat and moisture absorbed by the moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer are evaporated by the latent heat released from the phase change material microcapsules in the high-efficiency heat-insulating layer, and the metabolites of the probiotics assist in cleaning other layers to keep the whole system clean and dry.

[0079] And there is a dynamic synergistic process of heat, for example, during the day: CuS@MXene absorbs solar energy - heat is conducted through the MXene interface to the BN heat conduction network - heat is stored by the phase change material (delaying the temperature rise); High-temperature trigger: When the temperature > 35°C, PNIPAM microgel shrinks - the pores open to accelerate heat dissipation + the phase change material absorbs heat - double cooling; At night / low temperature: The phase change material releases the stored heat (slowly released through the graphene framework) to maintain the internal temperature stable.

[0080] Through the physical and chemical interactions between the above-mentioned layers, a dynamic and synergistic working system is formed, making the whole fabric more intelligent, efficient and environmentally friendly, suitable for personal protective equipment, especially products such as protective clothing and protective gloves, for whole-body or partial protection during operations under dangerous conditions.

[0081] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages simultaneously. Detailed implementation manners

[0082] In an embodiment of the present application, a multifunctional fabric with high temperature resistance, heat insulation, waterproof and anti-static properties and its application are proposed through the present invention.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] Superhydrophobic protective layer: High-strength polyamide fiber (62.5 wt%), graphene quantum dots (0.3 wt%), intelligent responsive self-healing polymer (3 wt%), silicone resin coating (containing 10 wt% CuS@MXene composite nanosheets, 17.5 wt% thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels).

[0085] High-efficiency heat insulation layer: Porous ceramic fiber (65 wt%), SiO 2 Aerogel (32.5 wt%), lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant (32.5 wt%), MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide (4 wt%), boron nitride nanosheets (5 wt%), magnetic nanoparticles (0.75 wt%).

[0086] Conductive buffer layer: Elastomer matrix (75 wt%), conductive filler (18 wt%), luminescent material (2 wt%), biochar nanoparticles (3.5 wt%), titanium carbide nanowires (1.5 wt%).

[0087] Moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking comfort layer: Protein fiber (60 wt%), regenerated cellulose fiber (30 wt%), calcium alginate microspheres (6 wt%), microencapsulated probiotic ferment (4 wt%).

[0088] Example 2

[0089] Superhydrophobic protective layer: High-strength polyamide fiber (70 wt%), graphene quantum dots (0.2 wt%), intelligent responsive self-healing polymer (4 wt%), silicone resin coating (containing 12 wt% CuS@MXene composite nanosheets, 16 wt% thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels).

[0090] High-efficiency heat insulation layer: Porous ceramic fiber (60 wt%), SiO 2 Aerogel (35 wt%), lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant (33 wt%), MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide (4.5 wt%), boron nitride nanosheets (5.5 wt%), magnetic nanoparticles (0.8 wt%).

[0091] Conductive buffer layer: Elastomer matrix (78 wt%), conductive filler (17 wt%), luminescent material (1 wt%), biochar nanoparticles (3 wt%), titanium carbide nanowires (1 wt%).

[0092] Moisture-absorbing and sweat-evaporating comfort layer: Protein fiber (60 wt%), regenerated cellulose fiber (30 wt%), calcium alginate microspheres (6.5 wt%), microencapsulated probiotic ferment (3.5 wt%).

[0093] Example 3

[0094] Superhydrophobic protective layer: High-strength polyamide fiber (75 wt%), graphene quantum dots (0.5 wt%), intelligent responsive self-healing polymer (5 wt%), silicone resin coating (containing 8 wt% CuS@MXene composite nanosheets, 15 wt% thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels).

[0095] High-efficiency heat-insulating layer: Porous ceramic fiber (70 wt%), SiO 2 Aerogel (30 wt%), lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant (34 wt%), MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide (5 wt%), boron nitride nanosheets (6 wt%), magnetic nanoparticles (1 wt%).

[0096] Conductive buffer layer: Elastomer matrix (80 wt%), conductive filler (16 wt%), luminescent material (0 wt%), biochar nanoparticles (3 wt%), titanium carbide nanowires (1 wt%).

[0097] Moisture-absorbing and sweat-evaporating comfort layer: Protein fiber (60 wt%), regenerated cellulose fiber (30 wt%), calcium alginate microspheres (7 wt%), microencapsulated probiotic ferment (3 wt%).

[0098] Example 4

[0099] Superhydrophobic protective layer: High-strength polyamide fiber (65 wt%), graphene quantum dots (0.4 wt%), intelligent responsive self-healing polymer (4.5 wt%), silicone resin coating (containing 9 wt% CuS@MXene composite nanosheets, 18 wt% thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels).

[0100] High-efficiency heat-insulating layer: Porous ceramic fiber (62.5 wt%), SiO 2 Aerogel (37.5 wt%), lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant (31.5 wt%), MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide (4.2 wt%), boron nitride nanosheets (5.2 wt%), magnetic nanoparticles (0.9 wt%).

[0101] Conductive buffer layer: Elastomer matrix (72 wt%), conductive filler (19 wt%), luminescent material (3 wt%), biochar nanoparticles (3.5 wt%), titanium carbide nanowires (1.5 wt%).

[0102] Moisture Absorption and Sweat Discharge Comfort Layer: Protein Fiber (60 wt%), Regenerated Cellulose Fiber (30 wt%), Calcium Alginate Microspheres (6.2 wt%), Microencapsulated Probiotic Fermentation Product (3.8 wt%).

[0103] Example 5

[0104] Superhydrophobic Protection Layer: High-Strength Polyamide Fiber (67.5 wt%), Graphene Quantum Dots (0.35 wt%), Smart Responsive Self-Healing Polymer (4.2 wt%), Silicone Resin Coating (containing 11 wt% CuS@MXene Composite Nanosheets and 16.5 wt% Thermosensitive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels).

[0105] High-Efficiency Heat Insulation Layer: Porous Ceramic Fiber (67.5 wt%), SiO 2 Aerogel (32.5 wt%), Lauric Acid-Graphene Aerogel Composite Phase Variant (32 wt%), MXene Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbide (4.8 wt%), Boron Nitride Nanosheets (5.8 wt%), Magnetic Nanoparticles (0.85 wt%).

[0106] Conductive Buffer Layer: Elastomer Matrix (76 wt%), Conductive Filler (17.5 wt%), Luminescent Material (2.5 wt%), Biochar Nanoparticles (3.2 wt%), Titanium Carbide Nanowires (1.2 wt%).

[0107] Moisture Absorption and Sweat Discharge Comfort Layer: Protein Fiber (60 wt%), Regenerated Cellulose Fiber (30 wt%), Calcium Alginate Microspheres (6.3 wt%), Microencapsulated Probiotic Fermentation Product (3.7 wt%).

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] Superhydrophobic Protection Layer lacking graphene quantum dots.

[0110] The remaining components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0111] Comparative Example 2

[0112] High-Efficiency Heat Insulation Layer lacking MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide.

[0113] The remaining components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0114] Comparative Example 3

[0115] Conductive Buffer Layer lacking biochar nanoparticles.

[0116] The remaining components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0117] Comparative Example 4

[0118] Lack of a hygroscopic and sweat-permeable comfort layer of calcium alginate microspheres.

[0119] The remaining components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0120] Comparative Example 5

[0121] Use ordinary polyurethane to replace the elastomeric matrix.

[0122] The remaining components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0123] Comparative Example 6

[0124] Lack of a superhydrophobic protective layer of CuS@MXene composite nanosheets.

[0125] The remaining components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0126] Experimental Example 1:

[0127] Test the materials in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6, including:

[0128] 1. High-temperature resistance test

[0129] Equipment: Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)

[0130] Method: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat from room temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C / min, and record the mass loss of the sample.

[0131] Evaluation criterion: The smaller the mass loss, the better the high-temperature resistance.

[0132] 2. Thermal insulation performance test

[0133] Equipment: Thermal conductivity tester

[0134] Method: Measure the thermal conductivity of the sample under steady-state conditions.

[0135] Evaluation criterion: The lower the thermal conductivity, the better the thermal insulation performance.

[0136] 3. Waterproof performance test

[0137] Equipment: Hydrostatic pressure tester

[0138] Method: Measure the maximum hydrostatic pressure that the sample can withstand.

[0139] Evaluation criterion: The higher the maximum hydrostatic pressure, the better the waterproof performance.

[0140] 4. Antistatic performance test

[0141] Equipment: Surface resistance tester

[0142] Method: Measure the surface resistance value of the sample.

[0143] Evaluation criteria: The lower the surface resistance value, the better the antistatic performance. Record all test results in detail to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. According to the test results, compare the differences between each example and the comparative example, and analyze the influence of the new material and the new structure on the performance. Based on the data analysis, obtain the superiority of the multifunctional fabric provided by the present invention in various performances, verify the importance of the synergistic effect between each layer and the significant improvement brought by the application of the new material. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0144] Table 1. Test results of the materials in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] High temperature resistance

[0148] The samples in the examples showed high high temperature resistance, and among them, Example 3 showed the best performance, reaching 670 °C.

[0149] In the comparative examples, the lack of specific components such as graphene quantum dots or MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbides would lead to a decrease in high temperature resistance.

[0150] 2. Heat insulation performance

[0151] The samples in the examples had excellent heat insulation performance, and the lowest thermal conductivity reached 0.03 K·m 2 / W.

[0152] In the comparative examples, the lack of certain components such as CuS@MXene composite nanosheets would lead to a significant decrease in heat insulation performance.

[0153] 3. Waterproof performance

[0154] The samples in the examples showed good waterproof performance, up to 120 mm Hg at most.

[0155] In the comparative examples, the lack of calcium alginate microspheres would lead to a decrease in waterproof performance. 4. Antistatic performance:

[0156] The samples in the examples had a low surface resistance value, indicating good antistatic performance, and the lowest could reach 5×10^6 Ω·cm.

[0157] In the comparative examples, the lack of biochar nanoparticles would lead to a decrease in antistatic performance.

[0158] Experimental Example 2

[0159] Test the materials in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6, including:

[0160] 1. Daytime Test: Solar Absorption and Heat Management

[0161] Equipment: Solar simulator, infrared thermal imager, temperature and humidity recorder

[0162] Method:

[0163] Use a solar simulator to simulate daytime solar radiation.

[0164] Record the change in the surface temperature of the sample and observe the heat conduction path through an infrared thermal imager.

[0165] Monitor the state change of the phase change material and record its heat absorption process.

[0166] Evaluation Criteria: Evaluate the solar absorption efficiency of the CuS@MXene composite nanosheets, the heat conduction efficiency at the MXene interface, and the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0167] 2. High-Temperature Trigger Test: PNIPAM Microgel Shrinkage and Heat Dissipation

[0168] Equipment: Thermostatic and humidistatic chamber, infrared thermal imager, stomatal aperture measuring instrument

[0169] Method:

[0170] Place the sample in a thermostatic and humidistatic chamber and set the temperature above 35°C.

[0171] Observe the shrinkage behavior of the PNIPAM microgel and its effect on the stomatal aperture.

[0172] Record the change in the surface temperature of the sample and analyze the dual cooling effect (PNIPAM microgel shrinkage accelerates heat dissipation + phase change material absorbs heat).

[0173] Evaluation Criteria: Evaluate the response speed of the PNIPAM microgel at high temperature and the change in stomatal aperture, as well as the overall heat dissipation effect. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0174] 3. Nighttime / Low-Temperature Test: Phase Change Material Releases Heat

[0175] Equipment: Thermostatic and humidistatic chamber, infrared thermal imager, temperature and humidity recorder

[0176] Method:

[0177] Place the sample in a thermostatic and humidistatic chamber and set the temperature to nighttime or low-temperature conditions (such as 10°C).

[0178] Observe the process of the phase change material releasing the stored heat and record the change in the internal temperature of the sample.

[0179] Analyze the influence of the graphene framework on the heat release rate.

[0180] Evaluation criteria: Evaluate the heat release efficiency of the phase change material and the role of the graphene framework to ensure the stability of the internal temperature. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0181] The following are the experimental data of five examples and six comparative examples under different temperature conditions:

[0182] Table 2. Daytime test results of the materials in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention

[0183]

[0184] 1. Daytime test

[0185] The samples in the examples showed high solar absorption and heat conduction efficiency. The CuS@MXene composite nanosheets could effectively absorb solar energy and conduct heat to the BN thermal conduction network.

[0186] The phase change material absorbed a large amount of heat during the day, delaying the temperature rise process. Example 1 performed the best, with a surface temperature of only 45°C, a heat conduction efficiency of 85%, and a heat absorption rate of the phase change material reaching 90%.

[0187] Table 3. High-temperature trigger test results of the materials in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] 2. High-temperature trigger test

[0191] Under high-temperature conditions, the PNIPAM microgel shrank and the pore openness increased, promoting heat dissipation. Example 1 performed excellently, with a pore openness of 85%, the surface temperature decreased by 5°C, and the heat dissipation efficiency reached 90%.

[0192] In the comparative examples, the lack of specific components led to a significant decrease in pore openness and heat dissipation efficiency.

[0193] Table 4. Nighttime / low-temperature test results of the materials in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention

[0194]

[0195] 3. Nighttime / low-temperature test

[0196] The phase change material slowly releases the stored heat at night or under low-temperature conditions to maintain the stability of the internal temperature.

[0197] The heat release efficiency of Example 1 is the highest, reaching 90%, and the temperature fluctuation range is only ±1°C.

[0198] In the comparative examples, the lack of certain components will lead to a decrease in heat release efficiency and an increase in the temperature fluctuation range.

[0199] Conclusion

[0200] From the above experimental data, it can be seen that the performance of each example is excellent under different temperature conditions, especially having significant advantages in dynamic heat management. Specifically:

[0201] CuS@MXene composite nanosheets enhance solar absorption and heat conduction efficiency.

[0202] PNIPAM microgels shrink at high temperatures, accelerate heat dissipation, and maintain stable internal temperature.

[0203] Phase change materials absorb heat during the day and release heat at night to maintain the stability of the internal temperature.

[0204] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0205] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fabric that is resistant to high temperature, heat-insulating, waterproof and anti-static, characterized in that: From the outside to the inside, it includes a super hydrophobic protective layer, a high-efficiency thermal insulation layer, a conductive buffer layer, and a moisture-wicking comfort layer, among which: The super-hydrophobic protective layer comprises a base fabric, graphene quantum dots and smart responsive self-healing polymers loaded on the base fabric, and an organic silicone resin coating covering the base fabric, wherein 8-12 wt % of CuS@MXene composite nanosheets with a core-shell structure and 15-20 wt % of thermosensitive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide microgel are dispersed in the organic silicone resin coating; The high-efficiency heat-insulating layer comprises porous ceramic fibers as a skeleton and SiO2 aerogel attached to the skeleton; the SiO2 aerogel is doped with 30-35wt% of lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant, 3.5-5wt% of MXene two-dimensional transition metal carbide, 4-6wt% of boron nitride nanosheets and magnetic nanoparticles; The conductive buffer layer comprises an elastomer matrix doped with conductive fillers, luminescent materials, biochar nanoparticles and titanium carbide nanowires; The moisture absorption and perspiration wicking comfortable layer comprises a base fabric formed by weaving protein fibers and regenerated cellulose fibers, and the base fabric is loaded with calcium alginate microspheres and microencapsulated probiotic fermentation products.

2. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base fabric is high-strength polyamide fiber; The high-strength polyamide fiber accounts for 62.5-75wt% of the super-hydrophobic protective layer; The core of the core-shell structured CuS@MXene composite nanosheet is copper sulfide nanoparticles, and the shell is MXene nanosheets; The surface of the copper sulfide nanoparticles adsorbs the MXene nanosheets through electrostatic self-assembly to form a continuous coating shell layer of 5-8 nm; The MXene nanosheet is a single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional sheet with a lateral size of 200-500nm and a thickness of 1-2nm; The copper sulfide nanoparticles are spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 50-80 nm and rich sulfur vacancy defects on the surface.

3. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene quantum dots account for 0.1-0.5wt% of the super-hydrophobic protective layer; The smart responsive self-healing polymer accounts for 2-5wt% of the super-hydrophobic protective layer; The smart responsive self-healing polymer is a polyurethane-urea with a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000 Da.

4. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous ceramic fibers account for 60-70wt% of the high-efficiency thermal insulation layer; The SiO2 aerogel accounts for 30-40wt% of the high-efficiency heat insulation layer.

5. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic nanoparticles account for 0.5-1wt% of the high-efficiency thermal insulation layer; The boron nitride nanosheets achieve a vertical orientation degree of >80% in the SiO2 aerogel; The lauric acid-graphene aerogel composite phase variant is a composite material formed by using graphene aerogel as a three-dimensional skeleton and filling the composite of lauric acid, butyl stearate and nano-diamond into the pores of the three-dimensional skeleton; Wherein, the butyl stearate is 3-5wt% of the mass of the composite; The nano-diamond is 1-2 wt % of the mass of the composite.

6. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastomer matrix accounts for 70-80wt% of the conductive buffer layer; The conductive filler accounts for 15-20wt% of the conductive buffer layer; The light emitting material accounts for 0-5wt% of the conductive buffer layer; The biochar nanoparticles account for 3-4wt% of the conductive buffer layer; The titanium carbide nanowires account for 1-2 wt % of the conductive buffer layer.

7. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protein fibers account for 60 wt % of the moisture wicking comfort layer; The regenerated cellulose fibers account for 30 wt% of the moisture wicking comfort layer; The calcium alginate microspheres account for 5-7wt% of the moisture wicking comfort layer; The microencapsulated probiotic fermentation product accounts for 3-5 wt % of the moisture wicking comfort layer.

8. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microencapsulated probiotic fermentation product is a microencapsulated lactobacillus fermentation product; The protein fiber is a kind of spider silk protein or silk protein, and the fineness of the protein fiber is 1.5-3dtex; The regenerated cellulose fiber has a fineness of 1.5-3 dtex; The particle size of the calcium alginate microspheres is 1-5 μm; The particle size of the microencapsulated probiotic fermentation product is 1-5 μm.

9. The multifunctional fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastomer matrix is ​​one of polyurethane or silicone rubber, and the Shore hardness of the elastomer matrix is ​​20-50A; The conductive filler is a composite material with a mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to piezoelectric ceramic powder of 1:1-1:2, the length of the carbon nanotubes is 1-5 μm, and the particle size of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 1-5 μm; The luminescent material is copper-doped zinc sulfide particles, and the particle size of the luminescent material is 1-5 μm; The particle size of the biochar nanoparticles is 10-50 nm; The titanium carbide nanowire has a diameter of 10-50 nm and a length of 1-5 μm.

10. Use of the high temperature resistant, heat insulating, waterproof and antistatic multifunctional fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in personal protective products.

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