Automatic steering gear of high-speed rail seat

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural design method of an automatic steering gear of a high-speed rail seat. The design is composed of a single-chip microcomputer control part and a gear set part. When the seat steering key is pressed down, the controller starts the motor to rotate in the forward direction, the forward gear is driven to rotate, the forward gear drives the seat lifting centripetal wheel to lift the seat so that the seat buckle can be separated from the clamping groove of the seat base, and after the seat can be steered, the motor stops running. At the moment, the gear of the seat is meshed with the transverse gear on the gear set. The controller drives the motor to rotate reversely, the motor drives the reverse gear to rotate, the reverse gear drives the seat to steer by 180 degrees, seat steering is completed, and the motor stops running. Afterwards, the motor rotates in the forward direction to drive the forward gear to enable the seat to rise and the centripetal wheel to rotate, the height of the seat is lowered, and after the seat buckle is lowered to the seat clamping groove, the motor stops running to complete steering. The structure is simple, the original seat structure does not need to be changed, the single-chip microcomputer, the motor and the gear set are combined, seat steering is automatically achieved, and unified, automatic and intelligent management is achieved in combination with the Internet of Things technology. According to the method, the burden of train workers is relieved, time is saved, efficiency is improved, economic development is greatly driven and promoted, and larger social benefits are created.

Description

1. Technical Field

[0001] The technical field of the present invention is computer technology and mechanical control. Computer technology mainly realizes the automatic control of the motor's running direction; mechanical control mainly realizes the steering adjustment control of the seat by the cooperation of the motor's running driving the gear set. 2. Background Art

[0002] Currently, high-speed rail is not only an important means of transportation but also a business card and a beautiful scenic line of our country. Due to its high speed, safety, and convenience, it has become the first choice for people to travel. However, when the train needs to change its running direction, in order to ensure the comfort of the passengers, the train staff has to manually change the direction of the train seats. At this time, the train staff has to move the seats one by one for adjustment, which is time-consuming and laborious, and greatly increases the labor burden of the staff. Therefore, to realize the automatic steering of high-speed rail seats, improve work efficiency and save manpower have become the main application background of the present invention. In addition, the design of the present invention has a simple structure. Without changing the original seat structure, it combines a single-chip microcomputer, a motor, and a gear set to automatically realize the steering adjustment of the seat. Moreover, the invention can be combined with the Internet of Things technology to achieve unified, automatic, and intelligent management. The invention not only reduces the burden on train staff, saves time, and improves efficiency, but also greatly drives and promotes economic development and creates greater social benefits.

[0003] 3. Description of the Invention Paragraph

[0004] (1) Steering Gear Design

[0005] This design mainly consists of two parts. The first part is the single-chip microcomputer control part, and the function of this part is to control the operation of the motor. The second part is the gear set part, and the function of this part is to realize the steering adjustment of the seat. When the seat steering button is pressed, the controller will start the motor to rotate forward, driving the forward gear to rotate. The forward gear drives the seat to rise, and the centripetal wheel for seat rising causes the seat buckle to disengage from the card slot of the seat base. When the seat can be steered, the motor stops running. At this time, the gear of the seat meshes with the transverse gear on the gear set. The controller drives the motor to rotate in reverse. The motor drives the reverse gear to rotate, and the reverse gear drives the seat to turn 180 degrees to complete the seat steering, and the motor stops running. Then, the motor rotates forward, and the motor drives the forward gear to make the centripetal wheel for seat rising rotate, realizing the lowering of the seat height. When the seat buckle drops to the seat card slot, the motor stops running to complete the steering. The working principle structure of the gear set is as Figure 1 shown.

[0006] Figure 1 The gear structure of the high-speed rail automatic seat mainly includes a stepper motor, forward and reverse gears, seat rotation gears, centripetal wheels for seat rising or lowering, and a gear box for fixing the gear assembly, etc. The structure is detailed in the attachedFigure 1 。

[0007] Appended Figure 1 Marking instructions in the figure:

[0008] Figure 1 The reference numeral The indicated rectangular block is the movable base of the high - speed rail seat; Represents the movable base buckle; Represents the fixed chassis of the high - speed rail seat base; Represents the slot of the fixed chassis of the high - speed rail seat; Represents the reverse rotation gear; Represents the intermediate gear; Represents the forward rotation gear; Represents the forward and reverse drive stepper motor; Represents the seat elevation drive gear; Represents the connecting rod between the seat elevation drive gear and the seat elevation centripetal wheel; Represents the seat steering gear; Is the seat elevation centripetal wheel; Is the gearbox; Is the connecting strut for seat elevation or depression.

[0009] (2) Control system design

[0010] The single - chip microcomputer selects the MCS51 series produced by Intel Corporation or the STC89C51 chip with good compatibility. Taking the STC89C51 chip as an example, the working voltage of this chip is 5V, and the allowable voltage range is 3.8 - 5.5V. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the VCC pin of the single - chip microcomputer, and the negative pole is connected to the VSS pin of the single - chip microcomputer. The crystal oscillator X and capacitors C1 and C2 provide the working clock (12MHz clock signal) for the single - chip microcomputer and are connected to the clock pins XTAL1 and XTAL2 of the single - chip microcomputer. C3, R1 and the 9th pin of the single - chip microcomputer form the reset circuit of the single - chip microcomputer. The key S1 is connected to the external interrupt pin P3.2 of the single - chip microcomputer. When S1 is pressed, an external interrupt signal is generated, guiding the single - chip microcomputer to execute at the external interrupt program, making the motor rotate to complete the seat steering.

[0011] (3) Timer - counter design

[0012] Utilize the two timer / counters T0 and T1 inside the 51 single-chip microcomputer to provide the timing for the motor operation. The clock oscillation period of the single-chip microcomputer provides a clock pulse of 12 MHz. After 12-frequency division, a pulse signal of 1 MHz is obtained, and the period is 1 microsecond. Utilize the counting function of timer T0 to count the 1-MHz pulse signal. The maximum count of the timer is 65536, and the duration of one pulse is 1 microsecond. Therefore, when the timer T0 reaches the maximum count, it takes 65.536 milliseconds. At this time, the timer will generate an overflow interrupt, and when the system receives the overflow interrupt signal, it will transfer the program to the interrupt subroutine to execute the corresponding actions of the motor. Additionally, a square wave signal can also be generated by the timer to make the motor work in a certain direction for a period of time. The working modes of the timer / counter of the 51 series of single-chip microcomputers are set by the M0 and M1 bits of the control register TMOD. The setting method is as shown in Table 1 below:

[0013] Table 1 Working Modes of the TMOD Register

[0014]

[0015] The setting methods of the initial values of the timer / counter for timing and counting in different working modes are as follows:

[0016] The setting methods of the initial values of the timer / counter for timing and counting in different working modes are as follows:

[0017] Mode 0: Initial value of timing = 2^13 - timing value = 2^13 - t·fosc / 12

[0018] Mode 2: Initial value of timing = 2^8 - timing value = 2^8 - t·fosc / 12

[0019] Modes 1 and 3: Initial value of timing = 2^16 - timing value = 2^16 - t·fosc / 12

[0020] Where t represents the timing duration and fosc is the crystal oscillator frequency of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0021] (4) Design of the forward and reverse rotation of the stepper motor

[0022] A stepper motor is a motor controlled by electrical pulses. The rotational speed of the stepper motor is proportional to the frequency of the pulses. The higher the pulse frequency, the more pulses pass through per unit time, the greater the rotational angular velocity, and the faster the motor rotates. The stepping angle of the stepper motor can be calculated by the formula:

[0023] θ = 360° / ZN

[0024] Wherein, Z is the number of rotor teeth, and N is the number of beats in one energization cycle. The three-phase 6-pole stepping motor operates in a single and double 6-beat mode, which has the characteristics of large torque and good stability. When the energization mode of the stepping motor is in the order of A → AB → B → BC → C → CA → A, it rotates counterclockwise; when the energization mode is in the order of A → AC → C → CB → B → BA → A, the stepping motor rotates clockwise. In addition, since the output current of the single-chip microcomputer is small and cannot drive a motor with a large power to work, a driver chip is required for power amplification. Commonly used driver integrated circuits include ULN2003, MC1413P, KID65004, etc.

[0025] For example, in ULN2003, there are 1 - 16 pins. Among them, pins 1 - 7 are input pins, pins 10 - 16 are the output terminals of the drive unit, pin 8 is the common ground terminal of each drive unit, and pin 9 is the common terminal of the protection diodes of each drive unit and can be connected to the power supply or left floating. According to the product parameters, its DC amplification factor is 1000, the high-level voltage at the input terminal is not less than 2.8V, and the power supply of the load at the output terminal is within 24V.

[0026] (5) Circuit design

[0027] The circuit design of the present invention mainly includes the following parts: the main control chip (STM80C51), the P0 port is used as the motor control port, the external interrupt INT0 is the start seat steering input key, and the chip clock is 12MHz. The motor input terminal drive amplification circuit (ULN2003), the power supply system DS18B20, and the circuit connection is as Figure 2 shown.

[0028] This figure mainly includes a power supply module, a crystal oscillator circuit, a main control chip, a motor control chip, a motor, and a reset button, etc. The details of this circuit part are shown in the attached Figure 2 .

[0029] Attached Figure 2 Marking instructions for the high-speed rail automatic seat steering control circuit:

[0030] Attached Figure 2 In the marking in represents the core control chip; represents the motor amplification circuit chip; represents the power supply control chip

[0031] (6) Program design

[0032] 1) Stepping motor forward rotation program

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] 2) Stepper motor reverse rotation subroutine

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] 3) Stepper motor stop rotation subroutine

[0039] 4) Main program design

[0040]

[0041] (5) Delay waiting subroutine

[0042] 。

Claims

1. The automatic steering device for high-speed rail seats includes a controller (1), a stepper motor (2), a forward (clockwise rotation) gear (3), a reverse (counterclockwise rotation) gear (4), a steering transmission gear (5), a seat lifting transmission gear (6), a seat lifting centering wheel (7), a seat steering wheel (8), and a gear fixed support (9). The movable gear and the transmission shaft are connected through the gear fixed support (9).

2. The automatic steering device for high-speed rail seats described in claim 1, characterized in that the control method of the movement includes the following steps: Step 1: Send or initiate a seat steering command Step 2: Control the motor to rotate forward to lift the seat out of the card slot, and stop the motor after the seat steering gear and the steering transmission gear are engaged. Step 3: Control the motor to rotate in reverse. After the seat rotates 180 degrees, the motor stops working. Step 4: Control the motor to rotate forward to disengage the seat steering gear from the transmission gear, and stop the motor after the seat card slot is reset.

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