Fault diagnosis elimination method and device for fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault diagnosis elimination method and device for a fuel cell system, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. According to the method, the fact that the galvanic pile is in the true fault state is judged firstly, it is ensured that subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the running state, the membrane dry fault and the water logging fault of the galvanic pile are effective, and the fault diagnosis and elimination accuracy of a fuel cell system is improved; by diagnosing and eliminating the running state, the membrane dry fault and the water logging fault of the electric pile, the fault in the fuel cell system can be comprehensively diagnosed and eliminated, the low fault diagnosis and elimination accuracy caused by incomplete diagnosis in the prior art is avoided, the comprehensive fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system are realized, and the fault diagnosis and elimination efficiency is improved. And the fault diagnosis elimination accuracy of the fuel cell system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, and particularly relates to a method and device for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the automotive industry, the ownership of fuel cell vehicles is increasing continuously. As the power source of fuel cell vehicles, the fuel cell system is composed of multiple fuel cell stacks, and its operating state directly affects the performance and stability of fuel cell vehicles. For example, in the fuel cell system, membrane drying and flooding are two phenomena that may affect its performance and stability. Membrane drying refers to the phenomenon that the proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell is in a dry state due to lack of sufficient moisture, which affects its performance and stability. Flooding refers to the phenomenon that the inside of the fuel cell is blocked by excessive moisture, such as the catalyst, reaction gas channels or bipolar plate channels.

[0003] At present, for the fault detection and fault elimination methods of fuel cell systems, most of them detect faults through CVM (Cyclic Voltammetry Method), or judge whether membrane drying occurs through high-frequency impedance. However, the simple use of CVM detection will lead to the situation of true faults or false faults in the judgment of the fuel cell system, that is, the situation of true single low or false single low, thus making it impossible to accurately identify the faults of the fuel cell system in a timely manner, resulting in low accuracy of fault detection and elimination. And only using high-frequency impedance for detection can only determine whether membrane drying occurs, but cannot identify the flooding problem in the fuel cell system, thus leading to low accuracy of fault diagnosis and fault elimination of the fuel cell system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method and device for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system to solve the defects of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method and device for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system to solve the above technical problems. By diagnosing true faults, operating states, membrane drying faults and flooding faults of the fuel cell stack, comprehensive fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system are realized, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system is improved.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system, including:

[0006] Collecting real-time operating state data of the fuel cell stack, and determining that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating state data;

[0007] Based on the real-time operating status data, perform an operating status diagnosis on the fuel cell stack. After determining that the fuel cell stack is within a preset operating fault range, adjust the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database to make the fuel cell stack under preset standard operating conditions;

[0008] After determining that the fuel cell system is under preset standard operating conditions, perform a membrane dry fault diagnosis and a water flooding fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data to obtain a fault diagnosis result;

[0009] Based on the fault diagnosis result, eliminate the faults of the fuel cell stack to complete the elimination of the faults of the fuel cell system.

[0010] It can be understood that, compared with the prior art, the present invention collects the real-time operating status data of the fuel cell stack, determines that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating status data, and then performs an operating status diagnosis on the fuel cell stack according to the real-time operating status data. After determining that the fuel cell stack is within a preset operating fault range, adjust the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database to make the fuel cell stack under preset standard operating conditions; then perform a membrane dry fault diagnosis and a water flooding fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data to obtain a fault diagnosis result; based on the fault diagnosis result, eliminate the faults of the fuel cell stack, realizing the elimination of the faults of the fuel cell system. By first determining that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state, the present invention ensures that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operating status, membrane dry fault, and water flooding fault of the fuel cell stack are effective, improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system; by diagnosing and eliminating the operating status, membrane dry fault, and water flooding fault of the fuel cell stack, it is possible to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults in the fuel cell system, avoiding the low accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination caused by incomplete diagnosis in the prior art, so as to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults of the fuel cell system and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the step of collecting the real-time operating status data of the fuel cell stack and determining that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating status data specifically includes:

[0012] Collect the real-time operating status data of the fuel cell stack, and the real-time operating status data includes: real-time voltage data;

[0013] Query the preset database to obtain the voltage warning threshold and voltage calculation threshold of the fuel cell stack;

[0014] When the real-time voltage data is lower than the voltage warning threshold, determine that the fuel cell stack is in a fault state, and increase the gas flow rates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack by a preset ratio, and collect the first real-time voltage data of the fuel cell stack;

[0015] Perform calculations on the first real-time voltage data and the real-time voltage data to obtain a calculation result;

[0016] After determining that the calculation result is greater than the voltage calculation threshold, determine that the stack is in a true fault state.

[0017] This preferred solution diagnoses the fault state of the stack through the real-time operating state data of the stack, thereby determining that the stack is in a true fault state, and further ensuring that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operating state, membrane dry fault, and waterlogging fault of the stack are effective, thus improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0018] As a preferred solution, when diagnosing the operating state of the stack according to the real-time operating state data and determining that the stack is within a preset operating fault range, adjust the stack in combination with the preset database to make the stack in a preset standard operating condition, specifically including:

[0019] The real-time operating state data includes: the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water, the real-time operating data of the air, and the real-time operating data of the hydrogen;

[0020] Query the preset database to obtain the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the standard operating data of the air, and the standard operating data of the hydrogen;

[0021] Obtain the first difference data between the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water and the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the second difference data between the real-time operating data of the air and the standard operating data of the air, and the third difference data between the real-time operating data of the hydrogen and the standard operating data of the hydrogen;

[0022] After determining that the stack is within the preset operating fault range according to the first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data, adjust the operating conditions of the stack, and update the first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data until the updated first difference data, second difference data, and third difference data all meet the preset standard operating range, complete the adjustment of the stack, and further make the stack in a preset standard operating condition.

[0023] This preferred solution diagnoses the operating state of the stack through the real-time operating state data and ensures that the stack is in a preset standard operating condition, in a way of diagnosing and eliminating the operating state of the stack, which can provide a diagnostic basis for subsequent membrane dry fault diagnosis and waterlogging fault diagnosis, thus realizing the comprehensive fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system and improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0024] As a preferred solution, after determining that the fuel cell system is in preset standard operating conditions, membrane dryness fault diagnosis and flooding fault diagnosis are performed on the stack based on the real-time operating state data to obtain a fault diagnosis result, which specifically includes:

[0025] The real-time operating state data further includes: real-time impedance;

[0026] Query the preset database to obtain the standard voltage range data, standard current variance data, impedance upper limit threshold, and impedance lower limit threshold of the stack;

[0027] Determine the first real-time current data of the stack according to the first real-time voltage data;

[0028] When the real-time impedance is greater than the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy a preset first judgment condition, determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane dryness fault;

[0029] When the real-time impedance is greater than or equal to the impedance lower limit threshold, and the real-time impedance is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy a preset second judgment condition, determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a flooding fault.

[0030] This preferred solution performs membrane dryness fault diagnosis and flooding fault diagnosis on the stack through real-time operating state data, which can comprehensively diagnose and eliminate faults in the stack, thereby improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0031] As a preferred solution, based on the fault diagnosis result, the faults of the stack are eliminated to complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system, which specifically includes:

[0032] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane dryness fault, adjust the stack according to the preset stack membrane dryness adjustment method to eliminate the membrane dryness fault of the stack;

[0033] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a flooding fault, adjust the stack according to the preset stack flooding adjustment method to eliminate the flooding fault of the stack;

[0034] After determining that the faults of the stack are eliminated, complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0035] This preferred solution adopts different stack adjustment methods for membrane dryness faults and flooding faults, so that the membrane dryness faults and flooding faults of the stack can be accurately eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0036] As a preferred solution, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, the stack is adjusted according to a preset stack membrane drying adjustment method to eliminate the membrane drying fault of the stack. Specifically, it includes:

[0037] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, adjust the relative humidity or operating temperature of the air of the stack according to a preset step size, and update the real-time impedance of the stack;

[0038] After determining that the real-time impedance of the stack is less than or equal to the impedance threshold, the elimination of the membrane drying fault of the stack is completed.

[0039] This preferred solution adjusts the relative humidity or operating temperature of the air of the stack by a preset step size, realizes the elimination of the membrane drying fault, thus ensuring the diagnostic elimination accuracy of the membrane drying fault of the stack, and further improving the diagnostic elimination accuracy of the fuel cell system.

[0040] As a preferred solution, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a waterlogging fault, the stack is adjusted according to a preset stack waterlogging adjustment method to eliminate the waterlogging fault of the stack. Specifically, it includes:

[0041] When the fault type of the stack is a waterlogging fault, the stack is adjusted according to a preset first waterlogging fault elimination method, and the first real-time performance data of the stack is collected, and the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data are updated;

[0042] When the first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, it is determined that the waterlogging fault of the stack is an anode waterlogging fault, and the elimination of the waterlogging fault of the stack is completed;

[0043] When the first real-time performance data does not meet the preset performance requirements, the stack is adjusted according to a preset second waterlogging fault elimination method, and the first real-time performance data, the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data of the stack are updated until the updated first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, and it is determined that the waterlogging fault of the stack is a cathode waterlogging fault, and the elimination of the waterlogging fault of the stack is completed.

[0044] This preferred solution refines the diagnosis of the waterlogging fault by judging whether the waterlogging fault of the stack is an anode waterlogging fault or a cathode waterlogging fault, improves the diagnostic and elimination accuracy of the waterlogging fault, and further improves the diagnostic elimination accuracy of the fuel cell system.

[0045] As a preferred solution, adjusting the fuel cell stack according to the preset first waterlogging fault elimination method specifically includes:

[0046] Adjust the hydrogen pulse emission time length of the fuel cell stack, and perform hydrogen pulse emission on the fuel cell stack according to the preset emission times and the adjusted hydrogen pulse emission time length.

[0047] This preferred solution can further determine the type of waterlogging fault according to the adjustment result by adjusting the hydrogen pulse emission time length of the fuel cell stack, refine the diagnosis of the waterlogging fault, improve the accuracy of diagnosing and eliminating the waterlogging fault, and thus improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0048] As a preferred solution, adjusting the fuel cell stack according to the preset second waterlogging fault elimination method specifically includes:

[0049] Adjust the air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell stack according to the preset air adjustment ratio.

[0050] This preferred solution can ensure the normal and stable operation of the fuel cell stack by adjusting the air stoichiometric ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of diagnosing and eliminating the waterlogging fault of the fuel cell stack, and further improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0051] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault diagnosis and elimination device for a fuel cell system, including: a true fault state judgment module, an operating state diagnosis and elimination module, a fault diagnosis result acquisition module, and a fault elimination module;

[0052] Among them, the true fault state judgment module is used to collect the real-time operating state data of the fuel cell stack and determine that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating state data;

[0053] The operating state diagnosis and elimination module is used to perform an operating state diagnosis on the fuel cell stack according to the real-time operating state data. After determining that the fuel cell stack is within the preset operating fault range, the fuel cell stack is adjusted in combination with the preset database to make the fuel cell stack in the preset standard operating conditions;

[0054] The fault diagnosis result acquisition module is used to perform a membrane dry fault diagnosis and a waterlogging fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating state data after determining that the fuel cell system is in the preset standard operating conditions, and obtain the fault diagnosis result;

[0055] The fault elimination module is used to eliminate the fault of the fuel cell stack based on the fault diagnosis result to complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0056] It can be understood that, compared with the prior art, the present invention collects real-time operation status data of the stack, determines that the stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operation status data, then diagnoses the operation status of the stack according to the real-time operation status data, and after determining that the stack is within a preset operation fault range, adjusts the stack in combination with the preset database to make the stack in preset standard operation conditions; then performs membrane drying fault diagnosis and flooding fault diagnosis on the stack based on the real-time operation status data to obtain a fault diagnosis result; and eliminates the faults of the stack based on the fault diagnosis result, thereby realizing the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system. By first determining that the stack is in a true fault state, the present invention ensures that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operation status, membrane drying fault and flooding fault of the stack are effective, improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system; by diagnosing and eliminating the operation status, membrane drying fault and flooding fault of the stack, it is possible to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults in the fuel cell system, avoiding the low accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination caused by incomplete diagnosis in the prior art, so as to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults of the fuel cell system and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 : is a flowchart of the steps of a method for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 : is a schematic structural diagram of a device for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Among them, 201: True fault state judgment module; 202: Operation status diagnosis and elimination module; 203: Fault diagnosis result acquisition module; 204: Fault elimination module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0060] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] In the fault diagnosis of a fuel cell system, currently, fault diagnosis is usually carried out through CVM detection or high-frequency impedance. However, simply performing CVM detection cannot accurately determine whether it is a false fault state or a true fault state. Among them, the false fault state, namely false single low, is used to indicate an error in the fault diagnosis of the fuel cell system; the true fault state, namely true single low, is used to indicate that there is an actual fault problem in the fuel cell system itself. In addition, simply using high-frequency impedance for fault diagnosis can only detect membrane drying faults in the fuel cell system, but cannot identify flooding faults, let alone whether it is anode flooding or cathode flooding. These incomplete fault diagnoses and eliminations of the fuel cell system lead to low accuracy in the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system to solve the defects of the prior art, realizing comprehensive fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system and improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0062] Embodiment 1

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a step flowchart of a method for fault diagnosis and elimination of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including steps S101 to S104.

[0064] Step S101: Collect real-time operating state data of the stack, and determine that the stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating state data.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, before performing fault diagnosis and elimination on the fuel cell system, it is necessary to construct a standard database of the fuel cell system (i.e., the preset database later), which includes the performance parameters of the stack and the operating condition parameters of each operating point;

[0066] Among them, the performance parameters of the stack include: the V-A curve of the stack, standard voltage range data, standard current variance data, and high-frequency impedance data; the V-A curve of the stack refers to the curve of the voltage and current of the stack, which is used to characterize the performance of the stack from low load to high load, that is, the performance from 0 mA / cm 2 to the maximum current density (0 mA / cm 2 means that there is no current passing through the stack); usually, multiple test points are selected within the range from 0 mA / cm 2 to the maximum current density, and the test points use 100 mA / cm 2 as the transconductance unit, and the currents of the test points are recorded in sequence as: A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , A6 , A 7 …A n , The average voltage corresponding to the current at the test point is V A1 , V A2 , V A3 , V A4 , V A5 , V A6 , V A7 , …V An ; Then, plot the V - A curve based on the current and average voltage at the test point;

[0067] After that, calculate the voltage range of each test point according to the V - A curve to obtain the standard voltage range data of the stack. The standard voltage range data of the stack is expressed as:

[0068] d VA1 , d VA2 , d VA3 , d VA4 , d VA5 , d VA6 , d VA7 …d VAn ;

[0069] After that, calculate the current variance of each test point according to the V - A curve to obtain the standard current variance data of the stack. The standard current variance data of the stack is expressed as:

[0070] Stdev A1 , Stdev A2 , Stdev A3 , Stdev A4 , Stdev A5 , Stdev A6 , Stdev A7 …Stdev An ;

[0071] After that, calculate the high - frequency impedance of each test point according to the V - A curve to obtain the high - frequency impedance of the stack. The high - frequency impedance of the stack is expressed as R A1 , R A2, R A3 , R A4 R A5 R A6 R A7 …R An ;

[0072] The operating condition parameters at each operating point include: the pressure drop of air, the pressure drop of hydrogen, the pressure drop of water, the standard operating temperature at the air inlet, the standard operating temperature at the air outlet, the standard operating temperature at the hydrogen inlet, the standard operating temperature at the hydrogen outlet, the temperatures at the water outlet and water inlet, the standard pressure of hydrogen, the standard pressure of air, the pressure of the cooling water, the air flow rate, the hydrogen flow rate, the standard humidity of air, the standard humidity of hydrogen, the rotational speed of the hydrogen pump, the power of the hydrogen pump, the rotational speed of the air compressor, etc.;

[0073] In addition, the standard database also stores the operating threshold data of the stack, including: the voltage warning threshold and the voltage resolution threshold, the upper impedance threshold and the lower impedance threshold.

[0074] In this embodiment, collecting the real-time operating state data of the stack and determining that the stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating state data specifically includes:

[0075] Collecting the real-time operating state data of the stack, where the real-time operating state data includes: real-time voltage data;

[0076] Querying a preset database to obtain the voltage warning threshold and the voltage resolution threshold of the stack;

[0077] When the real-time voltage data is lower than the voltage warning threshold, it is determined that the stack is in a fault state, and the gas flow rates of the anode and cathode of the stack are increased according to a preset ratio, and the first real-time voltage data of the stack is collected;

[0078] Performing resolution on the first real-time voltage data and the real-time voltage data to obtain a resolution result;

[0079] After determining that the resolution result is greater than the voltage resolution threshold, it is determined that the stack is in a true fault state.

[0080] In an alternative embodiment, the real-time voltage of each test point of the stack is collected to obtain real-time voltage data, and then a preset database is queried to obtain the voltage warning threshold V min and the voltage resolution threshold (in this embodiment, the voltage resolution threshold is set to 10 mv). When the real-time voltage of any test point of the stack is lower than the voltage warning threshold V min it is determined that the stack is in a fault state; then the gas flow rates of the anode and cathode of the stack are increased to 1.2 times the original gas flow rate (i.e., the preset ratio is set to 1.2 times), the first real-time voltage of each test point of the stack is collected to obtain the first real-time voltage data, the first real-time voltage data is subtracted from the real-time voltage data to obtain the resolution result, and if the resolution result is greater than 10 mv, it is determined that the stack is in a true fault state.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, the first real-time voltage data is defined as:

[0082] A ′ 1 , A ′ 2 , A ′ 3 , A ′ 4 , A ′ 5 , A ′ 6 , A ′ 7 … A ′ n ;

[0083] Define the first real-time voltage data as:

[0084] Obtain the first real-time voltage range data based on the first real-time voltage data as:

[0085]

[0086] The first real-time current variance data is:

[0087]

[0088] After that, compare with the V-A curve, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data in the preset database;

[0089] If and the time exceeds 10 s, that is, when the first real-time voltage data is less than or equal to at most one time the average voltage in the V-A curve and the time exceeds 10 s, it can be determined that the stack is in a true fault state;

[0090] Or when and the time exceeds 10 s, that is, when the first real-time voltage range data is greater than or equal to at least one time the voltage range data of the stack and the time exceeds 10 s, it can be determined that the stack is in a true fault state;

[0091] Or when and the time exceeds 10 s, that is, when the first real-time current variance data is greater than or equal to at least one time the current variance data of the stack and the time exceeds 10 s, it can be determined that the stack is in a true fault state.

[0092] In this embodiment, the fault state of the stack is diagnosed through the real-time operating state data of the stack, thereby determining that the stack is in a true fault state, and further ensuring that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operating state, membrane drying fault, and flooding fault of the stack are effective, thus improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0093] Step S102: Perform an operating status diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data. After determining that the fuel cell stack is within a preset operating fault range, adjust the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database to make the fuel cell stack operate under preset standard operating conditions.

[0094] In this embodiment, the step of performing an operating status diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data, and after determining that the fuel cell stack is within a preset operating fault range, adjusting the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database to make the fuel cell stack operate under preset standard operating conditions specifically includes:

[0095] The real-time operating status data includes: the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water, the real-time operating data of the air, and the real-time operating data of the hydrogen.

[0096] Query the preset database to obtain the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the standard operating data of the air, and the standard operating data of the hydrogen.

[0097] Obtain the first difference data between the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water and the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the second difference data between the real-time operating data of the air and the standard operating data of the air, and the third difference data between the real-time operating data of the hydrogen and the standard operating data of the hydrogen.

[0098] After determining that the fuel cell stack is within the preset operating fault range according to the first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data, adjust the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, and update the first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data until the updated first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data all meet the preset standard operating range, completing the adjustment of the fuel cell stack, and further making the fuel cell stack operate under preset standard operating conditions.

[0099] In an alternative embodiment, the real-time operating status data includes: the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water, the real-time operating data of the air, and the real-time operating data of the hydrogen. The real-time operating data of the air includes: the real-time operating temperature at the air inlet, the real-time stoichiometric ratio of the air, the real-time pressure of the air, and the real-time humidity of the air. The real-time operating data of the hydrogen includes: the real-time temperature at the hydrogen inlet, the real-time humidity of the hydrogen, and the real-time pressure of the hydrogen.

[0100] Then query the preset database to obtain the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the standard operating data of the air, and the standard operating data of the hydrogen. The standard operating data of the air includes: the standard operating temperature at the air inlet, the standard stoichiometric ratio of the air, the standard pressure of the air, and the standard humidity of the air. The standard operating data of the hydrogen includes: the standard temperature at the hydrogen inlet, the standard humidity of the hydrogen, and the standard pressure of the hydrogen.

[0101] Calculate the eighth difference between the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water and the standard operating temperature of the cooling water to obtain the first difference data;

[0102] Calculate the first difference between the real-time operating temperature of the air inlet and the standard operating temperature of the air inlet, the second difference between the real-time stoichiometric ratio of the air and the standard stoichiometric ratio of the air, the third difference between the real-time pressure of the air and the standard pressure of the air, and the fourth difference between the real-time humidity of the air and the standard humidity of the air to obtain the second difference data;

[0103] Calculate the fifth difference between the real-time temperature of the hydrogen inlet and the standard temperature of the hydrogen inlet, the sixth difference between the real-time humidity of the hydrogen and the standard humidity of the hydrogen, and the seventh difference between the real-time pressure of the hydrogen and the standard pressure of the hydrogen to obtain the third difference data;

[0104] When the eighth difference is less than -2 or greater than 2, or the first difference is less than -2 or greater than 2, or the fifth difference is less than -2 or greater than 2, or the second difference is less than 0.95, or the third difference is less than 0.95, or the fourth difference is less than 0.95, or the seventh difference is less than 0.95, or the sixth difference is less than 0.95, it is determined that the stack is within the preset operating fault range;

[0105] After that, adjust the operating conditions of the stack to ensure that when 2 ≥ the eighth difference ≥ -2, 2 ≥ the first difference ≥ -2, 2 ≥ the fifth difference ≥ -2, the second difference ≥ 0.95, the third difference ≥ 0.95, the fourth difference ≥ 0.95, the seventh difference ≥ 0.95, and the sixth difference ≥ 0.95, it is determined that the updated first difference data, second difference data, and third difference data meet the preset standard operating range, complete the adjustment of the stack, and further enable the stack to be in the preset standard operating conditions.

[0106] In this embodiment, the operating state of the stack is diagnosed through the real-time operating state data, and it is ensured that the stack is in the preset standard operating conditions. By diagnosing and eliminating the operating state of the stack, a diagnostic basis can be provided for subsequent membrane dry fault diagnosis and waterlogging fault diagnosis, thereby realizing the comprehensive fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system and improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0107] Step S103: After determining that the fuel cell system is in the preset standard operating conditions, perform membrane dry fault diagnosis and waterlogging fault diagnosis on the stack based on the real-time operating state data to obtain the fault diagnosis result.

[0108] In this embodiment, after determining that the fuel cell system is in the preset standard operating conditions, performing membrane dry fault diagnosis and waterlogging fault diagnosis on the stack based on the real-time operating state data to obtain the fault diagnosis result specifically includes:

[0109] The real-time operating state data further includes: real-time impedance;

[0110] Query the preset database to obtain the standard voltage range data, standard current variance data, impedance upper limit threshold, and impedance lower limit threshold of the stack;

[0111] Determine the first real-time current data of the stack according to the first real-time voltage data;

[0112] When the real-time impedance is greater than the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy the preset first judgment condition, determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a dry membrane fault;

[0113] When the real-time impedance is greater than or equal to the impedance lower limit threshold, and the real-time impedance is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy the preset second judgment condition, determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a water flooding fault.

[0114] In an alternative embodiment, define the real-time impedance as R, the impedance upper limit threshold as R max and the impedance lower limit threshold as R min ;

[0115] When the real-time impedance R is greater than the impedance upper limit threshold R max , and satisfies at least one of the conditions in (i.e., the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy the preset first judgment condition), determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a dry membrane fault;

[0116] When the real-time impedance R is greater than or equal to the impedance lower limit threshold of R min , and the real-time impedance R is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold R max , and satisfies at least one of the conditions in (i.e., the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy the preset second judgment condition), determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a water flooding fault.

[0117] This embodiment diagnoses the dry membrane fault and water flooding fault of the stack through the real-time operating state data, and can comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults of the stack, thereby improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0118] Step S104: Eliminate the faults of the stack based on the fault diagnosis results to complete the elimination of the faults of the fuel cell system.

[0119] In this embodiment, the elimination of the faults of the stack based on the fault diagnosis results to complete the elimination of the faults of the fuel cell system specifically includes:

[0120] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, adjust the stack according to a preset stack membrane drying adjustment method to eliminate the membrane drying fault of the stack;

[0121] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a flooding fault, adjust the stack according to a preset stack flooding adjustment method to eliminate the flooding fault of the stack;

[0122] After determining that the faults of the stack are eliminated, complete the elimination of the faults of the fuel cell system.

[0123] In this embodiment, by adopting different stack adjustment methods for membrane drying faults and flooding faults, the membrane drying faults and flooding faults of the stack can be accurately eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0124] In this embodiment, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, adjusting the stack according to a preset stack membrane drying adjustment method to eliminate the membrane drying fault of the stack specifically includes:

[0125] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, adjust the relative humidity or operating temperature of the air of the stack according to a preset step size and update the real-time impedance of the stack;

[0126] After determining that the real-time impedance of the stack is less than or equal to the impedance threshold, complete the elimination of the membrane drying fault of the stack.

[0127] In an alternative embodiment, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, the elimination of the membrane drying fault is divided into two parts. The first part is to adjust the relative humidity of the air of the stack, that is, adjust the real-time humidity of the air of the stack, and increase the relative humidity of the air step by step at a step size of 10% until the real-time impedance R is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold R max to complete the elimination of the membrane drying fault of the stack;

[0128] Or increase the relative humidity of the air step by step at a step size of 10% until the relative humidity of the air of the stack is 80% to complete the elimination of the membrane drying fault of the stack;

[0129] The second part is to adjust the operating temperature of the stack until the real-time impedance R is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold R max when the membrane dry fault of the stack is eliminated.

[0130] It should be noted that the elimination of the membrane dry fault is divided into two parts. Experimenters can choose any one of the parts to eliminate the membrane dry fault according to the operating conditions of the specific fuel cell system, or choose both parts to eliminate the membrane dry fault.

[0131] In this embodiment, by adjusting the relative humidity of the air or the operating temperature of the stack with a preset step size, the elimination of the membrane dry fault is achieved, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the diagnosis and elimination of the membrane dry fault of the stack, and further improving the accuracy of the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0132] In this embodiment, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a waterlogging fault, the stack is adjusted according to a preset stack waterlogging adjustment method to eliminate the waterlogging fault of the stack, which specifically includes:

[0133] When the fault type of the stack is a waterlogging fault, the stack is adjusted according to a preset first waterlogging fault elimination method, and the first real-time performance data of the stack is collected, and the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data are updated;

[0134] When the first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, it is determined that the waterlogging fault of the stack is an anode waterlogging fault, and the waterlogging fault of the stack is eliminated;

[0135] When the first real-time performance data does not meet the preset performance requirements, the stack is adjusted according to a preset second waterlogging fault elimination method, and the first real-time performance data, the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data of the stack are updated until the updated first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, and it is determined that the waterlogging fault of the stack is a cathode waterlogging fault, and the waterlogging fault of the stack is eliminated.

[0136] In this embodiment, by judging whether the waterlogging fault of the stack is an anode waterlogging fault or a cathode waterlogging fault, the diagnosis of the waterlogging fault is refined, the accuracy of the diagnosis and elimination of the waterlogging fault is improved, and further the accuracy of the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system is improved.

[0137] In this embodiment, the adjustment of the stack according to the preset first waterlogging fault elimination method specifically includes:

[0138] Adjust the hydrogen pulse emission time length of the stack, and perform hydrogen pulse emission on the stack according to the preset number of emissions and the adjusted hydrogen pulse emission time length.

[0139] In this embodiment, by adjusting the hydrogen pulse emission time length of the stack, it is possible to further determine the type of waterlogging fault based on the adjustment result, refine the diagnosis of the waterlogging fault, improve the accuracy of diagnosing and eliminating the waterlogging fault, and thus improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0140] In this embodiment, the adjustment of the stack according to the preset second waterlogging fault elimination method specifically includes:

[0141] Adjust the air stoichiometric ratio of the stack according to the preset air adjustment ratio.

[0142] In this embodiment, by adjusting the air stoichiometric ratio, it is possible to ensure the normal and stable operation of the stack, thereby improving the accuracy of diagnosing and eliminating the waterlogging fault of the stack, and further improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0143] In an alternative embodiment, when the fault type of the stack is a waterlogging fault, adjust the hydrogen pulse emission time length of the stack to 1.5 times the original, and after performing more than n hydrogen pulse emissions (n≥3), collect the first real-time performance data of the stack, and update the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data;

[0144] When the first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and at the same time meets V A′n ≥0.98V An 、 (that is, when the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition), determine that the waterlogging fault of the stack is an anode waterlogging fault, and complete the elimination of the waterlogging fault of the stack;

[0145] When the first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, increase the air stoichiometric ratio of the stack to 1.2 times the original, and update the first real-time performance data, the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data of the stack until the updated first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and at the same time meets (that is, when the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition), determine that the waterlogging fault of the stack is a cathode waterlogging fault, and complete the elimination of the waterlogging fault of the stack.

[0146] It should be noted that the first real-time performance data described in this embodiment meeting the preset performance requirements means that the first real-time performance data of the fuel cell stack meets the performance data when the fuel cell stack is in the rated operating state. The specific performance requirements can be determined according to the specific adjustment requirements of the experimenter.

[0147] In this embodiment, by collecting the real-time operating state data of the fuel cell stack, determining that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating state data, then diagnosing the operating state of the fuel cell stack according to the real-time operating state data, when it is determined that the fuel cell stack is within the preset operating fault range, adjusting the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database to make the fuel cell stack in the preset standard operating conditions; then diagnosing the membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating state data to obtain the fault diagnosis result; eliminating the fault of the fuel cell stack based on the fault diagnosis result, the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system are realized. In this embodiment, by first determining that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state, it is ensured that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operating state, membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the fuel cell stack are effective, improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system; by diagnosing and eliminating the operating state, membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the fuel cell stack, the faults in the fuel cell system can be comprehensively diagnosed and eliminated, avoiding the low accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination caused by incomplete diagnosis in the prior art, so as to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults of the fuel cell system and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0148] Embodiment 2

[0149] Please refer to Figure 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a fault diagnosis and elimination device for a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: a true fault state judgment module 201, an operating state diagnosis and elimination module 202, a fault diagnosis result acquisition module 203, and a fault elimination module 204.

[0150] Among them, the true fault state judgment module 201 is used to collect the real-time operating state data of the fuel cell stack and determine that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating state data.

[0151] In this embodiment, the true fault state judgment module 201 includes: a true fault state judgment unit;

[0152] The true fault state judgment unit is used to collect the real-time operating state data of the fuel cell stack, and the real-time operating state data includes: real-time voltage data;

[0153] Query the preset database to obtain the voltage warning threshold and voltage calculation threshold of the fuel cell stack;

[0154] When the real-time voltage data is lower than the voltage warning threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is in a fault state, and the gas flow rates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack are increased according to a preset ratio, and the first real-time voltage data of the fuel cell stack is collected;

[0155] Perform a calculation on the first real-time voltage data and the real-time voltage data to obtain a calculation result;

[0156] After determining that the calculation result is greater than the voltage calculation threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state.

[0157] The operating state diagnosis and elimination module 202 is configured to perform an operating state diagnosis on the fuel cell stack according to the real-time operating state data, and after determining that the fuel cell stack is within a preset operating fault range, adjust the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database so that the fuel cell stack is in a preset standard operating condition.

[0158] In this embodiment, the operating state diagnosis and elimination module 202 includes: an operating state diagnosis and elimination unit;

[0159] In the operating state diagnosis and elimination unit, the real-time operating state data includes: the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water, the real-time operating data of the air, and the real-time operating data of the hydrogen;

[0160] The operating state diagnosis and elimination unit is configured to query the preset database to obtain the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the standard operating data of the air, and the standard operating data of the hydrogen;

[0161] Obtain the first difference data between the real-time operating temperature of the cooling water and the standard operating temperature of the cooling water, the second difference data between the real-time operating data of the air and the standard operating data of the air, and the third difference data between the real-time operating data of the hydrogen and the standard operating data of the hydrogen;

[0162] After determining that the fuel cell stack is within a preset operating fault range according to the first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data, adjust the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack, and update the first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data until the updated first difference data, the second difference data, and the third difference data all meet the preset standard operating range, complete the adjustment of the fuel cell stack, and further make the fuel cell stack in a preset standard operating condition.

[0163] The fault diagnosis result acquisition module 203 is configured to perform a membrane dry fault diagnosis and a water flooding fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating state data after determining that the fuel cell system is in a preset standard operating condition, and obtain a fault diagnosis result.

[0164] In this embodiment, the fault diagnosis result acquisition module 203 includes: a fault diagnosis result acquisition unit;

[0165] In the fault diagnosis result acquisition unit, the real-time operating state data further includes: real-time impedance;

[0166] The fault diagnosis result acquisition unit is configured to query the preset database to obtain the standard voltage range data, standard current variance data, impedance upper limit threshold, and impedance lower limit threshold of the stack;

[0167] Determine the first real-time current data of the stack according to the first real-time voltage data;

[0168] When the real-time impedance is greater than the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy a preset first judgment condition, determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault;

[0169] When the real-time impedance is greater than or equal to the impedance lower limit threshold, and the real-time impedance is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, first real-time voltage data, standard voltage range data, and standard current variance data satisfy a preset second judgment condition, determine that the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a water flooding fault.

[0170] The fault elimination module 204 is configured to eliminate the fault of the stack based on the fault diagnosis result to complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0171] In this embodiment, the fault elimination module 204 includes: a fault elimination unit;

[0172] The fault elimination unit is configured to, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, adjust the stack according to a preset stack membrane drying adjustment method to eliminate the membrane drying fault of the stack;

[0173] When the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a water flooding fault, adjust the stack according to a preset stack water flooding adjustment method to eliminate the water flooding fault of the stack;

[0174] After determining that the fault of the stack is eliminated, complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0175] In this embodiment, the fault elimination unit includes: a membrane drying fault elimination subunit;

[0176] The membrane drying fault elimination subunit is configured to, when the fault diagnosis result of the stack is a membrane drying fault, adjust the relative humidity or operating temperature of the air of the stack according to a preset step size, and update the real-time impedance of the stack;

[0177] After determining that the real-time impedance of the stack is less than or equal to the impedance threshold, the elimination of the membrane drying fault of the stack is completed.

[0178] In this embodiment, the fault elimination unit includes: a waterlogging fault elimination subunit;

[0179] The waterlogging fault elimination subunit is configured to, when the fault type of the stack is a waterlogging fault, adjust the stack according to a preset first waterlogging fault elimination method, collect first real-time performance data of the stack, and update the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data;

[0180] When the first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, it is determined that the waterlogging fault of the stack is an anode waterlogging fault, and the elimination of the waterlogging fault of the stack is completed;

[0181] When the first real-time performance data does not meet the preset performance requirements, the stack is adjusted according to a preset second waterlogging fault elimination method, and the first real-time performance data, the first real-time current data, and the first real-time voltage data of the stack are updated until the updated first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, and it is determined that the waterlogging fault of the stack is a cathode waterlogging fault, and the elimination of the waterlogging fault of the stack is completed.

[0182] In this embodiment, the waterlogging fault elimination subunit includes: a first waterlogging fault elimination component;

[0183] The first waterlogging fault elimination component is configured to adjust the hydrogen pulse emission time length of the stack and perform hydrogen pulse emission on the stack according to the preset emission times and the adjusted hydrogen pulse emission time length.

[0184] In this embodiment, the waterlogging fault elimination subunit includes: a second waterlogging fault elimination component;

[0185] The second waterlogging fault elimination component is configured to adjust the air stoichiometric ratio of the stack according to a preset air regulation ratio.

[0186] In this embodiment, by collecting the real-time operation status data of the stack, determining that the stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operation status data, then diagnosing the operation status of the stack according to the real-time operation status data, when it is determined that the stack is within the preset operation fault range, adjusting the stack in combination with the preset database to make the stack in the preset standard operation conditions; then diagnosing the membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the stack based on the real-time operation status data to obtain the fault diagnosis result; eliminating the faults of the stack based on the fault diagnosis result, the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system are realized. By first determining that the stack is in a true fault state in this embodiment, it is ensured that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operation status, membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the stack are effective, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system is improved; by diagnosing and eliminating the operation status, membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the stack, the faults in the fuel cell system can be comprehensively diagnosed and eliminated, avoiding the low accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination caused by incomplete diagnosis in the prior art, so as to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults of the fuel cell system and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0187] In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, by collecting the real-time operation status data of the stack, determining that the stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operation status data, then diagnosing the operation status of the stack according to the real-time operation status data, when it is determined that the stack is within the preset operation fault range, adjusting the stack in combination with the preset database to make the stack in the preset standard operation conditions; then diagnosing the membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the stack based on the real-time operation status data to obtain the fault diagnosis result; eliminating the faults of the stack based on the fault diagnosis result, the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system are realized. By first determining that the stack is in a true fault state in the embodiment of the present invention, it is ensured that the subsequent diagnosis and elimination of the operation status, membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the stack are effective, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system is improved; by diagnosing and eliminating the operation status, membrane drying fault and waterlogging fault of the stack, the faults in the fuel cell system can be comprehensively diagnosed and eliminated, avoiding the low accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination caused by incomplete diagnosis in the prior art, so as to comprehensively diagnose and eliminate the faults of the fuel cell system and improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

[0188] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the objective, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In particular, it is pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: Collecting real-time operating status data of the fuel cell stack, and determining that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating status data; Performing an operation status diagnosis on the fuel cell stack according to the real-time operation status data, and after determining that the fuel cell stack is in a preset operation fault range, adjusting the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database so that the fuel cell stack is in a preset standard operation condition; After determining that the fuel cell system is in a preset standard operating condition, performing membrane dry fault diagnosis and water flooding fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data to obtain a fault diagnosis result; The fault of the fuel cell stack is eliminated based on the fault diagnosis result to complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

2. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting of real-time operating status data of the battery stack and determining that the battery stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operating status data specifically includes: Collecting real-time operating status data of the battery stack, the real-time operating status data including: real-time voltage data; Querying a preset database to obtain a voltage warning threshold and a voltage solution threshold of the battery stack; When the real-time voltage data is lower than the voltage warning threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is in a fault state, and the gas flow rates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack are increased according to a preset ratio, and the first real-time voltage data of the fuel cell stack is collected; Solving the first real-time voltage data and the real-time voltage data to obtain a solution result; After determining that the solution result is greater than the voltage solution threshold, it is determined that the fuel cell stack is in a true fault state.

3. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of diagnosing the operation status of the fuel cell stack according to the real-time operation status data and determining that the fuel cell stack is in a preset operation fault range, and adjusting the fuel cell stack in combination with the preset database so that the fuel cell stack is in a preset standard operation condition specifically includes: The real-time operation status data includes: real-time operation temperature of cooling water, real-time operation data of air and real-time operation data of hydrogen; Querying the preset database to obtain cooling water standard operating temperature, air standard operating data and hydrogen standard operating data; Acquire first difference data between the real-time operating temperature of cooling water and the standard operating temperature of cooling water, second difference data between the real-time operating data of air and the standard operating data of air, and third difference data between the real-time operating data of hydrogen and the standard operating data of hydrogen; After determining that the fuel cell stack is in a preset operating fault range based on the first difference data, the second difference data and the third difference data, the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack are adjusted, and the first difference data, the second difference data and the third difference data are updated until the updated first difference data, the second difference data and the third difference data all meet the preset standard operating range, completing the adjustment of the fuel cell stack, thereby placing the fuel cell stack in preset standard operating conditions.

4. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: After determining that the fuel cell system is in a preset standard operating condition, performing membrane dry fault diagnosis and water flooding fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data to obtain a fault diagnosis result specifically includes: The real-time operating status data also includes: real-time impedance; Querying the preset database to obtain standard voltage range data, standard current variance data, and impedance upper threshold and impedance lower threshold of the battery stack; Determine first real-time current data of the fuel cell stack according to the first real-time voltage data; When the real-time impedance is greater than the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, the first real-time voltage data, the standard voltage range data, and the standard current variance data meet a preset first judgment condition, it is determined that the fault diagnosis result of the fuel cell stack is a membrane dry fault; When the real-time impedance is greater than or equal to the impedance lower limit threshold, and the real-time impedance is less than or equal to the impedance upper limit threshold, and the first real-time current data, the first real-time voltage data, the standard voltage extreme difference data and the standard current variance data meet the preset second judgment condition, the fault diagnosis result of the fuel cell stack is determined to be a water flooding fault.

5. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Eliminating the fault of the stack based on the fault diagnosis result to complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system specifically includes: When the fault diagnosis result of the battery stack is a membrane dry fault, adjusting the battery stack according to a preset battery stack membrane dry adjustment method to eliminate the membrane dry fault of the battery stack; When the fault diagnosis result of the battery stack is a water flooding fault, adjusting the battery stack according to a preset battery stack water flooding adjustment method to eliminate the water flooding fault of the battery stack; After determining that the fault of the fuel cell stack has been eliminated, the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system is completed.

6. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the fault diagnosis result of the battery stack is a membrane dry fault, adjusting the battery stack according to a preset battery stack membrane dry adjustment method to eliminate the membrane dry fault of the battery stack specifically includes: When the fault diagnosis result of the battery stack is a membrane dry fault, adjusting the relative humidity or operating temperature of the air of the battery stack according to a preset step size, and updating the real-time impedance of the battery stack; After determining that the real-time impedance of the battery stack is less than or equal to the impedance threshold, the membrane dry fault of the battery stack is eliminated.

7. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the fault diagnosis result of the battery stack is a flood fault, adjusting the battery stack according to a preset battery stack flood adjustment method to eliminate the flood fault of the battery stack specifically includes: When the fault type of the battery stack is a flood fault, the battery stack is adjusted according to a preset first flood fault elimination method, and first real-time performance data of the battery stack is collected, and the first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data are updated; When the first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirement, and the updated first real-time current data and the first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, it is determined that the water flooding fault of the battery stack is an anode water flooding fault, and the water flooding fault of the battery stack is eliminated; When the first real-time performance data does not meet the preset performance requirements, the fuel cell stack is adjusted according to the preset second water flooding fault elimination method, and the first real-time performance data, first real-time current data and first real-time voltage data of the fuel cell stack are updated until the updated first real-time performance data meets the preset performance requirements, and the updated first real-time current data and first real-time voltage data meet the preset third judgment condition, and it is determined that the water flooding fault of the fuel cell stack is a cathode water flooding fault, thereby completing the elimination of the water flooding fault of the fuel cell stack.

8. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the battery stack according to the preset first flood fault elimination method specifically includes: The hydrogen pulse emission time length of the fuel cell stack is adjusted, and hydrogen pulse emission is performed on the fuel cell stack according to a preset emission frequency and the adjusted hydrogen pulse emission time length.

9. A method for diagnosing and eliminating faults in a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the battery stack according to the preset second flood fault elimination method specifically includes: The air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell stack is adjusted according to a preset air adjustment ratio.

10. A fuel cell system fault diagnosis and elimination device, characterized in that: include: True fault state judgment module, operation state diagnosis elimination module, fault diagnosis result acquisition module and fault elimination module; The true fault state judgment module is used to collect real-time operation state data of the battery stack, and determine whether the battery stack is in a true fault state based on the real-time operation state data; The operation status diagnosis elimination module is used to perform operation status diagnosis on the battery stack according to the real-time operation status data, and after determining that the battery stack is in a preset operation fault range, adjust the battery stack in combination with the preset database so that the battery stack is in a preset standard operation condition; The fault diagnosis result acquisition module is used to determine that the fuel cell system is in a preset standard operating condition, and then perform membrane dry fault diagnosis and water flooding fault diagnosis on the fuel cell stack based on the real-time operating status data to obtain a fault diagnosis result; The fault elimination module is used to eliminate the fault of the fuel cell stack based on the fault diagnosis result to complete the fault diagnosis and elimination of the fuel cell system.

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