New energy automobile power battery safety protection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy automobile power battery safety protection device which comprises a shell and single batteries, a top cover is arranged at the top of the shell, the single batteries are linearly arranged in the shell, the top cover is sealed after covering, partition blocks are arranged on the front side and the rear side of each single battery, and the partition blocks are arranged in the shell. A cavity is jointly formed by the partition block, the bottom face of the shell and the top cover, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the cavity, of the top cover, and a gaseous gel device is installed on the through hole; the gaseous gel device is used for rapidly mixing two aerogel components to form solid aerogel when spontaneous combustion of the power battery occurs, flame and heat are blocked, and other non-fault power battery packs are prevented from being involved and combusted together, so that the safety of the whole vehicle can be ensured, meanwhile, the loss of a vehicle owner is reduced, and the service life of the vehicle owner is prolonged. And life health and safety of passengers are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy battery protection devices, and particularly relates to a safety protection device for power batteries of new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of new energy vehicles and the increasing demand for energy storage systems, the safety issues of power batteries have become increasingly prominent. During the charging and discharging process of power batteries, the temperature may rise sharply due to factors such as short circuit, overcharging, over-discharging, or external puncture, which may lead to serious safety accidents such as spontaneous combustion and explosion.

[0003] In the prior art, although there are some battery management systems and heat dissipation systems for monitoring and adjusting the battery state, in extreme cases, these systems often cannot quickly and effectively control the development of the situation. Once the vehicle collides, the friction of the chassis may cause the battery to catch fire, and the vehicle will be burned down in a very short time. If the passengers in the vehicle cannot leave in time, it will pose a threat to the life and health of the passengers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a safety protection device for power batteries of new energy vehicles.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A safety protection device for power batteries of new energy vehicles includes a housing and single cells. A top cover is provided on the top of the housing. The single cells are linearly arranged in the housing, and the top cover is sealed after being closed. Partition blocks are provided on the front and rear sides of each single cell. The partition blocks, the bottom surface of the housing, and the top cover together form a cavity. Through holes are opened on the top cover corresponding to the cavities, and a gaseous gel device is installed on the through holes.

[0007] Among them, the interior of the gaseous gel device is divided into two parts by a partition board. The upper part of the partition board is an explosion chamber, and the lower part is a storage chamber. Sodium azide powder is filled in the explosion chamber. A storage bag is installed in the storage chamber. A round tube is provided at the bottom of the storage chamber. The round tube is arranged in the through hole. The bag mouth of the storage bag is connected to the round tube, and a pressure relief valve is provided at the round tube.

[0008] Furthermore, two through holes are opened above each cavity, and two gaseous gel devices are correspondingly installed. Among them, component A is contained in the storage bag inside the gaseous gel device located at the front side, and component B is contained in the storage bag inside the gaseous gel device located at the rear side.

[0009] Further, a front plate is provided on the front side of the housing. A control module is installed at the left position on the outer side of the front plate. A wire conduit is installed on the left side of the control module. At the same time, a current sensor is installed on the wire conduit. A collision sensor is installed on the right side of the control module. A temperature sensor is installed on the inner side of the front plate. The current sensor, the collision sensor, and the temperature sensor are all connected to the control module.

[0010] Further, an igniter is installed on the side wall of the explosion chamber. The igniter is connected to the control module through a wire.

[0011] Further, two reset springs are installed at the bottom of the partition plate. Sliders are installed at the edge positions of the partition plate. The sliders are closely attached to the inner wall of the gaseous gel device.

[0012] Further, a fixing plate is installed above the top cover. Both sides of the fixing plate are fixed to the two side walls of the housing through bolts. A rectangular slot is opened on the fixing plate. The size and quantity of the slots correspond to the gaseous gel devices one by one.

[0013] Further, the current sensor, the collision sensor, and the temperature sensor are connected to the signal input end of the control module. The igniter is connected to the signal output end of the control module.

[0014] Advantages of the present invention:

[0015] 1. The present invention is used inside an automobile. When the power battery undergoes a short circuit, is punctured by a sharp object, or the automobile undergoes a severe collision, it is detected by the current sensor, the collision sensor, and the temperature sensor. Then, the signal is transmitted to the control module for processing. The control module transmits the control signal to the igniter to control the ignition of the igniter. The igniter detonates the sodium azide powder in the explosion chamber. The partition plate is pushed downward to squeeze the storage bag and push the internal components into the lower cavity for mixing. Finally, they are fused to form an aerogel with insulation and heat insulation functions, blocking the chain reaction caused by the combustion of the power battery and preventing the non-faulty power battery pack from being damaged.

[0016] 2. The gaseous gel device provided in the present invention is used to quickly mix two aerogel components to form a solid aerogel when the power battery catches fire, blocking the flame and heat, preventing other non-faulty power battery packs from being involved in the combustion together. This can ensure the safety of the whole vehicle, reduce the losses of the vehicle owner, and ensure the life and health safety of the passengers. Description of the Drawings

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure on the rear side of the front plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the aerogel device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a control flow chart of the control module of the present invention;

[0024] 1 - housing, 11 - single battery cell, 111 - partition block, 112 - cavity, 12 - top cover, 121 - through hole, 13 - front plate, 131 - wire conduit, 2 - aerogel device, 21 - partition board, 211 - slider, 22 - explosion chamber, 23 - storage cavity, 231 - return spring, 24 - storage bag, 25 - round tube, 26 - pressure relief valve, 201 - igniter, 202 - wire, 3 - fixing plate, 31 - square groove, 41 - control module, 42 - current sensor, 43 - collision sensor, 44 - temperature sensor. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Refer to Figures 1 to 6, the present invention discloses a safety protection device for a power battery of a new energy vehicle, which includes a housing 1 and single cells 11. A top cover 12 is provided on the top of the housing 1. The single cells 11 are linearly arranged in the housing 1, and the top cover 12 is sealed after being closed. Partition blocks 111 are provided on the front and rear sides of each single cell 11. The partition blocks 111, the bottom surface of the housing 1 and the top cover 12 jointly form a cavity 112. A through hole 121 is opened on the top cover 12 at a position corresponding to the cavity 112, and a gaseous gel device 2 is installed on the through hole 121.

[0028] It should be noted that the housing 1 and the single cells 11 are the main components of the current power batteries of vehicles. The housing 1 is a rectangular groove, and the single cells 11 are neatly arranged one by one in the housing 1. Then, the electric energy is transmitted to other components of the vehicle through sequential connection of the current. Usually, a new energy vehicle requires multiple power batteries, which do not interfere with each other and are separated by the housing 1. The device of the present invention innovatively improves on the original housing 1. The top of the housing 1 is disassembled and set as the top cover 12, and multiple through holes 121 are opened on the top cover 12 for installing the gaseous gel device 2. At the same time, it is also convenient for the components of the gaseous gel to flow down from the through holes 121 and mix to form a solid aerogel. These components of the gaseous gel flow into the cavity 112, which is between two adjacent single cells 11. The components of the gaseous gel are mixed in the cavity 112 and finally form an aerogel with the same shape as the cavity 112, and at the same time fill the cavity 112 to isolate the single cells 11, avoiding causing a chain reaction and resulting in the combustion of multiple single cells 11.

[0029] Among them, the interior of the gaseous gel device 2 is divided into two parts, separated by a partition 21. The upper part of the partition 21 is an explosion chamber 22, and the lower part is a storage chamber 23. Sodium azide powder is filled in the explosion chamber 22. A storage bag 24 is installed in the storage chamber 23. A round tube 25 is provided at the bottom of the storage chamber 23. The round tube 25 is arranged in the through hole 121. The mouth of the storage bag 24 is connected to the round tube 25, and a pressure relief valve 26 is provided at the round tube 25.

[0030] It should be noted that refer to Figure 5As shown, the explosion chamber 22 and the storage chamber 23 are separated by a partition 21, and the partition 21 can slide up and down inside the gaseous gel device 2. The sodium azide powder filled in the explosion chamber 22 is a white solid powder with explosiveness. After the sodium azide powder explodes, it will generate an impact force to push the partition 21 to move downward quickly, thereby pushing out the gaseous gel components in the storage bag 24 for mixing, and finally forming a solid aerogel. Aerogel is a solid substance with extremely low density, light weight, and excellent heat insulation performance, and can maintain a stable heat insulation effect in extreme environments. In this way, each monomer battery 11 can be separated to prevent the rapid spread of the burning flame, ensure the safety of the power battery, reduce the damage to the vehicle, and achieve the safety of the vehicle power battery.

[0031] In this embodiment, two through holes 121 are opened above each cavity 112, and two gaseous gel devices 2 are correspondingly installed. Among them, component A is contained in the storage bag 24 inside the gaseous gel device 2 located on the front side, and component B is contained in the storage bag 24 inside the gaseous gel device 2 located on the rear side.

[0032] It should be noted that there are two gaseous gel devices 2 above each cavity 112. Component A is contained in the storage bag 24 on the front side, and component B is contained in the storage bag 24 on the rear side.

[0033] Component A is composed of the following materials: vinyl side chain type phenyl silicone resin 15 - 45%, composite aerogel powder 5 - 15%, mullite fiber 10 - 25%, inorganic filler A 15 - 60%, 1,3 - bis(dodecahydroxystearamide - N - methylene)benzene 0.1 - 1%, catalyst 0.1 - 1%.

[0034] Component B is composed of the following materials: phenyl hydrogen silicone oil 15 - 35%, composite aerogel powder 3 - 9%, inorganic filler B 55 - 80%, 1,3 - bis(dodecahydroxystearamide - N - methylene)benzene 0.1 - 1%, reaction inhibitor 0.1 - 2%. After component A and component B are extruded and flow from the storage bag 24 into the cavity 112, they will be mixed and then through a series of chemical reactions, finally forming a solid aerogel to fill the cavity 112.

[0035] In this embodiment, a front plate 13 is provided on the front side of the housing 1. A control module 41 is installed at the left position outside the front plate 13. A wire conduit 131 is installed on the left side of the control module 41, and a current sensor 42 is installed on the wire conduit 131. A collision sensor 43 is installed on the right side of the control module 41. A temperature sensor 44 is installed on the inner side of the front plate 13. The current sensor 42, the collision sensor 43, and the temperature sensor 44 are all connected to the control module 41.

[0036] In this embodiment, an igniter 201 is installed on the side wall of the explosion chamber 22, and the igniter 201 is connected to the control module 41 through a wire 202.

[0037] It should be noted that the control module 41 can be a single-chip microcomputer. As a functional module, the single-chip microcomputer can perform intelligent control, receive and process data signals from the current sensor 42, the collision sensor 43, and the temperature sensor 44, and control the igniter 201 to ignite and start, detonating the sodium azide powder in the explosion chamber 22 to push the partition 21 to slide, quickly emptying the aerogel components in the storage bag 24, squeezing them into the cavity 112, and completing the mixing work.

[0038] In this embodiment, two reset springs 231 are installed at the bottom of the partition 21, and a slider 211 is installed at the edge position of the partition 21. The slider 211 is closely attached to the inner wall of the gaseous gel device 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the current sensor 42, the collision sensor 43, and the temperature sensor 44 are connected to the signal input end of the control module 41, and the igniter 201 is connected to the signal output end of the control module 41.

[0040] It should be noted that referring to Figure 6 As shown, the current sensor 42 is used to detect the current condition of the battery pack; the temperature sensor 44 is used to detect the temperature condition of the battery pack; the collision sensor 43 is used to detect whether the power battery pack is violently collided; when a violent collision occurs, or the current sensor 42 detects a short circuit of the power battery pack, or the temperature sensor 44 detects a battery fire, if the power battery pack is damaged to a certain degree of severity, the power single cell 11 will have a sharp rise in internal chemical reaction pressure, and the igniter 201 will ignite the internal sodium azide, releasing a large amount of nitrogen or other harmless gases. These gases push the aerogel components A and B into the cavity 112 for mixing and quickly fill the entire housing 1 to isolate the flame of the battery fire.

[0041] In this embodiment, a fixing plate 3 is installed above the top cover 12. The two sides of the fixing plate 3 are fixed to the two side walls of the housing 1 by bolts. A rectangular slot 31 is opened on the fixing plate 3, and the size and quantity of the slot 31 correspond to the gaseous gel device 2 one by one.

[0042] It should be noted that only the round tube 25 of the gaseous gel device 2 contacts the through hole 121, and the fixing plate 3 is needed for the rest of the positions to prevent the entire gaseous gel device 2 from shifting. The set slot 31 can just clamp each gaseous gel device 2. After the fixing is completed, the entire device can be placed on the chassis of the vehicle for use.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] Refer to Figures 1 to 6 Figures 1 to 6 , the present invention discloses a safety protection device for a power battery of a new energy vehicle, which includes a housing 1 and a single battery 11. A top cover 12 is provided at the top of the housing 1. The single batteries 11 are linearly arranged and placed in the housing 1. After the top cover 12 is closed, it is sealed. Partition blocks 111 are provided on the front and rear sides of each single battery 11. The partition blocks 111 and the bottom surface of the housing 1 and the top cover 12 together form a cavity 112. A through hole 121 is opened at the position of the top cover 12 corresponding to the cavity 112, and a gaseous gel device 2 is installed on the through hole 121.

[0045]

[0045] It should be noted that the inner surfaces of the housing 1, the top cover 12, and the front plate 13 in this device are all plated with a layer of aluminum metal to form an aluminized layer. Aluminum has good reflection performance and can reflect most of the thermal radiation, reducing the heat transfer to the outside. In addition, the aluminized fabric also has certain wear resistance and tear resistance, which can protect other internal materials to a certain extent. The outer layer of the housing 1, the top cover 12, and the front plate 13 is made of aluminum alloy. Since aluminum alloy has good plasticity and workability, it is easy to be made into various shaped and structured parts through processes such as extrusion, casting, and stamping, which can meet the design requirements of battery packs for different vehicle models and can achieve complex structural designs, improving the space utilization rate of the battery pack. At the same time, aluminum alloy can provide strength performance equivalent to or even better than that of steel, so as to achieve the goal of lightweight while ensuring the structural strength of the battery pack.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and utilize the present invention well. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device, comprising a housing (1) and a single battery (11), wherein a top cover (12) is provided on the top of the housing (1), the single batteries (11) are arranged linearly in the housing (1), and the top cover (12) is sealed after being covered, characterized in that: A spacer (111) is provided on both the front and rear sides of each single cell (11); the spacer (111) and the bottom surface of the housing (1) and the top cover (12) together form a cavity (112); a through hole (121) is provided on the top cover (12) at a position corresponding to the cavity (112); and a gas gel device (2) is installed on the through hole (121); The interior of the aerogel device (2) is divided into two parts, which are separated by a partition (21). The upper part of the partition (21) is an explosion chamber (22), and the lower part is a storage chamber (23). The explosion chamber (22) is filled with sodium azide powder, and a storage bag (24) is installed in the storage chamber. A circular tube (25) is provided at the bottom of the storage chamber (23). The circular tube (25) is set in the through hole (121), and the bag mouth of the storage bag (24) is connected to the circular tube (25). At the same time, a pressure relief valve (26) is provided at the circular tube (25).

2. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two through holes (121) are provided above each cavity (112), and two gas gel devices (2) are installed correspondingly, wherein the internal storage bag (24) of the gas gel device (2) located at the front side contains component A, and the internal storage bag (24) of the gas gel device (2) located at the rear side contains component B.

3. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the housing (1) is provided with a front plate (13), a control module (41) is installed on the left side of the outer side of the front plate (13), a wire tube (131) is installed on the left side of the control module (41), and a current sensor (42) is installed on the wire tube (131), a collision sensor (43) is installed on the right side of the control module (41), and a temperature sensor (44) is installed on the inner side of the front plate (13), and the current sensor (42), the collision sensor (43) and the temperature sensor (44) are all connected to the control module (41).

4. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An igniter (201) is installed on the side wall of the explosion chamber (22), and the igniter (201) is connected to a control module via a wire (202).

5. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two return springs (231) are installed at the bottom of the partition (21), and a slider (211) is installed at the edge of the partition (21), and the slider (211) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the gas gel device (2).

6. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate (3) is installed above the top cover (12), and the two sides of the fixing plate (3) are fixed to the two side walls of the shell (1) by bolts. The fixing plate (3) is provided with rectangular square grooves (31), and the size and number of the square grooves (31) correspond one-to-one to the aerogel device (2).

7. A new energy vehicle power battery safety protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The current sensor (42), the collision sensor (43), and the temperature sensor (44) are connected to the signal input end of the control module (41), and the igniter (201) is connected to the signal output end of the control module (41).

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