Design method of general-inductance integrated base station based on special sensing radio frequency front end

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication and inductance integrated system design, and discloses a communication and inductance integrated base station design method based on a special sensing radio frequency front end. The core of the invention lies in that through double optimization of hardware and software, the problem of communication and sensing resource conflict in a traditional communication and sensing integrated scheme is solved. Specifically, the base station can independently execute a target sensing task in a special frequency band or time slot by adding a sensing special radio frequency module, so that the occupation of a sensing function on communication time resources is avoided, and the communication rate and capacity are ensured not to be influenced. Meanwhile, the baseband processing resource and the bearer network of the communication base station are multiplexed, so that the hardware cost is reduced, the real-time transmission and processing of the sensing data are realized, and the overall efficiency of the system is further improved. In addition, the multi-base-station cooperative sensing and networking function is supported, and through the distributed sensing and data fusion technology, the detection precision and the coverage range of the low-altitude target are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of synaesthesia integration system design, and in particular to a synaesthesia integration base station design method based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end. Background Art

[0002] With the booming low-altitude economy, low-altitude aircraft represented by rotorcraft drones, logistics drones, and air taxis are rapidly integrating into urban life and industrial production, and the low-altitude economy has become a new engine to drive economic growth. However, with the surge in the number of low-altitude aircraft and the diversification of application scenarios, the demand for wide-area perception of low-altitude targets is also growing. Traditional low-altitude detection equipment is mainly aimed at key point protection, with limited coverage and insufficient deployment density, making it difficult to cope with the large-scale, highly dynamic target detection needs in the low-altitude economy. Especially in complex urban environments, the rapid identification, precise positioning, and real-time tracking of low-altitude targets have become key challenges for the development of the industry.

[0003] In this context, the 5G communication system provides a new technical approach to solving the problem of low-altitude target detection. The 5G system is highly similar to the radar system in terms of signal processing and resource scheduling. Its time resources can be flexibly allocated. It also has the characteristics of wide-area coverage and high-density station deployment, and can provide an efficient network solution for low-altitude target detection. By deeply integrating communication and perception functions, the 5G network can not only meet the wide-area perception needs of low-altitude targets, but also provide high-reliability and low-latency communication services for low-altitude aircraft, thereby realizing the dual empowerment of communication and perception.

[0004] In the 5G-A (5G-Advanced) stage, the integrated synaesthesia base station mainly adopts the time-division integrated synaesthesia technology solution. This solution reuses the radio frequency and baseband processing hardware of the communication base station, and divides a part of the time resources based on the 5G communication frame structure for target perception, thereby realizing the coordinated work of communication and perception functions. This technical path not only reduces hardware costs, but also makes full use of the existing communication infrastructure, providing a cost-effective solution for low-altitude target detection. However, although the integrated synaesthesia technology has significant advantages in theory, it still faces two challenges in practical applications: First, the perception function occupies a part of the communication time resources, resulting in a decrease in communication rate and capacity. In the low-altitude economy, there is a contradiction between the high-speed and large-capacity requirements of communication services and the time resource occupation of the perception function, which may affect the quality of communication services, especially in high-density and high-traffic scenarios. This problem is particularly prominent.

[0005] Secondly, there is a certain performance gap between communication base station hardware and dedicated radar hardware. Since the original intention of the design of communication base stations is to meet communication needs, they are obviously inferior to low-altitude radars in terms of detection power, accuracy, and altitude coverage. For example, the transmission power and antenna gain of communication base stations are usually low, making it difficult to achieve accurate detection of small targets at long distances and low altitudes; at the same time, their signal processing algorithms are also mainly optimized for communication, lacking targeted design for low-altitude target characteristics, resulting in limited detection accuracy and anti-interference capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end. Aiming at the problems of large resource occupation and weak detection performance of existing communication perception integrated solutions, the present invention carries out the design of perception radio frequency modules based on the needs of low-altitude target detection, realizes the transmission and reception of perception beams by adding a new perception-dedicated radio frequency front end to the communication base station, multiplexes the communication baseband processing module and the 5G bearer network, and completes the perception control, processing and networking coordination. The communication and perception functions of this solution work simultaneously, so that the wide-area low-altitude target perception capability coverage can be achieved without affecting the communication rate and capacity.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The original communication base station includes 5G bearer network, BBU server, optical fiber, and communication AAU. On the basis of the original communication base station, a dedicated sensing RF front-end module is added, which is specifically used for sensing beam emission and target echo signal reception. The communication base station also integrates functions including waveform generation, beam control, transmission and reception timing, and echo data sampling; Step 2: Open a sensing control processing link on the BBU server in the original communication base station to complete the sensing working mode control and echo data processing; Step 3: Reuse the 5G communication bearer network to upload the low-altitude target point tracks obtained by the integrated synesthesia base station to the fusion center, realize multi-site track fusion, improve target perception effect, and generate the low-altitude target situation in the current airspace.

[0008] Furthermore, the BBU server includes a radar control module, an information processing module, and a sensing transmission and reception module.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 1, a dedicated sensing radio frequency front-end module is added, including the following steps: S1: Design and develop a dedicated sensing RF front-end module based on the characteristics of low-altitude target points including rotary-wing drones and specific scenario requirements; S2: Deploy a dedicated sensing RF front-end module at the original communication base station site. The azimuth direction of the dedicated sensing RF front-end module is consistent with the communication AAU, and the pitch angle is determined and deployed according to the airspace coverage requirements and scanning range; S3: The dedicated sensing RF front-end module is connected to the BBU server via optical fiber and realizes data interaction through the communication standard CPRI interface; S4: The dedicated sensing RF front-end module receives control information sent by the radar control module in the BBU server, and the control information controls the dedicated sensing RF front-end module to realize beam scanning and low-altitude target echo signal reception; S5: After receiving the low-altitude target echo signal, the dedicated sensing RF front-end module performs digital filtering, digital carrier frequency shifting, and downsampling operations on the echo signal, and packages the sampled AD data according to the detection frame length and transmits it back to the BBU server through the CPRI interface.

[0010] Furthermore, step 2 includes the following steps: S6: Perception control: The radar control module in the BBU server generates perception control information and sends it to the dedicated perception RF front-end module through the CPRI interface, thereby controlling the operation of the dedicated perception RF front-end module, including transmission and reception; S7: Signal processing: The sensing transmitting and receiving module in the BBU server receives the echo data packet returned by the communication AAU, and the signal processing module performs data analysis and signal processing operations; S8: Data processing: The signal processing module first performs point trace processing, including distance estimation, speed estimation, angle estimation and low-altitude target point trace aggregation; Then track processing is performed to achieve low-altitude target tracking.

[0011] Furthermore, the signal processing in step S7 includes the following steps: T1: Digital beamforming; T2: Generate sum, azimuth difference, and elevation difference beams; T3: Complete MTI, digital pulse compression, MTD, CFAR detection, clutter map detection, and low-altitude target information extraction and processing.

[0012] Furthermore, the low-altitude target information extraction process in step T3 includes angle measurement, distance measurement, and speed measurement.

[0013] Further, step 3 includes the following steps: S9: Point track reporting: The low-altitude target point track formed by signal processing and data processing in the BBU server is uploaded to the fusion center through the 5G bearer network; S10: Point track fusion: The multi-site track fusion operation of adjacent sites is completed at the fusion center to improve the accuracy and continuity of low-altitude monitoring network's detection of low-altitude targets; S11: Situation display: The fused low-altitude target situation is displayed on the display control interface for user use and operation.

[0014] Furthermore, point track fusion in step S10 includes common view track registration and non-common view track continuation.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end, which realizes the efficient sensing and networking functions of low-altitude targets by innovatively adding sensing dedicated radio frequency hardware and reusing the baseband processing resources and bearer network of the communication base station. This design not only significantly improves the detection capability of low-altitude targets, but also makes full use of the existing communication infrastructure, reduces deployment costs, and provides strong technical support for the sustainable development of the low-altitude economy.

[0016] The core of the present invention is to solve the problem of communication and perception resource conflicts in the traditional synaesthesia integration solution through the dual optimization of hardware and software. Specifically, by adding a dedicated radio frequency module for perception, the base station can independently perform target perception tasks in a dedicated frequency band or time slot, avoiding the occupation of communication time resources by the perception function, thereby ensuring that the communication rate and capacity are not affected. At the same time, the baseband processing resources and bearer network of the communication base station are reused, which not only reduces the hardware cost, but also realizes the real-time transmission and processing of perception data, further improving the overall efficiency of the system. In addition, the present invention also supports multi-base station collaborative perception and networking functions, and significantly improves the detection accuracy and coverage of low-altitude targets through distributed perception and data fusion technology.

[0017] The results of the present invention can be widely used in the design and deployment of integrated communication and perception base stations in the 5G-A (5G-Advanced) and 6G stages. In the 5G-A stage, the present invention can provide an efficient solution for low-altitude target detection without affecting the quality of communication services, meeting the urgent needs of smart cities, logistics distribution, emergency rescue and other fields for wide-area low-altitude perception. In the 6G stage, with the further maturity of synaesthesia integration technology, the present invention will provide a more intelligent and networked perception capability for the low-altitude economy, supporting emerging application scenarios such as ultra-large-scale drone clusters and air traffic management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a morphological diagram of a communication-aware integrated base station based on a dedicated awareness radio frequency front end involved in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2It is a communication perception integrated base station architecture diagram based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end involved in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a communication perception integrated base station perception function module and work flow chart based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end involved in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The preferred mechanism and implementation method of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a technical solution of a synaesthesia integrated base station design method based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end. Figure 1 This is a morphological diagram of a communication-aware integrated base station based on a dedicated awareness radio frequency front end involved in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a communication perception integrated base station architecture diagram based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end involved in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a communication perception integrated base station perception function module and work flow chart based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The BBU server is a communication baseband processing server, and the communication AAU is a 5G wireless base station antenna unit. Example

[0023] A technical solution for a synaesthesia integrated base station design method based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end includes the following steps: Step 1: The original communication base station includes 5G bearer network, BBU server, optical fiber, and communication AAU; the BBU server includes radar control module, information processing module, and perception transmission and reception module; On the basis of the original communication base station, a dedicated sensing RF front-end module is added, which is specially used for sensing beam emission and receiving target echo signals. The communication base station also integrates functions including waveform generation, beam control, transmission and reception timing, and echo data sampling. Waveform generation can support a variety of waveform configurations to meet the detection needs of different low-altitude targets; Beam control can achieve high-precision tracking of low-altitude targets by dynamically adjusting the beam direction and width; The timing of transmission and reception can ensure the timing synchronization of the sensing signal and the communication signal to avoid resource conflicts; The echo data sampling adopts high-precision analog-to-digital conversion technology to ensure high-fidelity acquisition of echo signals; In step 1, a dedicated sensing RF front-end module is added, including the following steps: S1: Design and development of dedicated perception RF front-end module: Design and develop dedicated perception RF front-end module based on the characteristics of low-altitude target points including rotorcraft drones and specific scenario requirements; S2: Dedicated perception RF front-end module deployment: Deploy a dedicated perception RF front-end module on the original communication base station site. The azimuth direction of the dedicated perception RF front-end module is consistent with the communication AAU, and the pitch angle is determined and deployed according to the airspace coverage requirements and scanning range; S3: Dedicated perception RF front-end module is connected to the communication base station: The dedicated perception RF front-end module is connected to the BBU server through optical fiber, and data interaction is achieved through the communication standard CPRI interface; S4: Perception beam emission and control: The dedicated perception RF front-end module receives control information sent by the radar control module in the BBU server. The control information controls the dedicated perception RF front-end module to realize beam scanning and low-altitude target echo signal reception; S5: Echo data sampling: After receiving the low-altitude target echo signal, the dedicated sensing RF front-end module performs digital filtering, digital carrier frequency shifting, and downsampling operations on the echo signal, and packages the sampled AD data according to the detection frame length and transmits it back to the BBU server through the CPRI interface.

[0024] Step 2: Open a sensing control processing link on the BBU server to complete sensing working mode control and echo data processing; The following steps are involved: S6: Perception control: The radar control module in the BBU server generates perception control information and sends it to the dedicated perception RF front-end module through the CPRI interface, thereby controlling the operation of the dedicated perception RF front-end module, including transmission and reception; S7: Signal processing: The sensing transmitting and receiving module in the BBU server receives the echo data packet returned by the communication AAU, and the signal processing module performs data parsing and signal processing operations. The signal processing operations include digital beam forming, generating sum, azimuth difference, and elevation difference beams, and completing MTI, digital pulse compression, MTD, CFAR detection, clutter map detection, and target information extraction processing; Target information extraction and processing include angle measurement, distance measurement, and speed measurement; S8: Data processing: The signal processing module first performs point trace processing, including distance estimation, speed estimation, angle estimation and low-altitude target point trace aggregation; Then track processing is performed to achieve low-altitude target tracking.

[0025] Step 3: Reuse the 5G communication bearer network to upload the low-altitude target point track obtained by the integrated inter-sensory base station to the fusion center to achieve multi-site track fusion, improve the target perception effect, and generate the low-altitude target situation in the current airspace; The following steps are involved: S9: Point track reporting: The low-altitude target point track formed by signal processing and data processing in the BBU server is uploaded to the fusion center through the 5G bearer network; S10: Point track fusion: The multi-site track fusion operation of adjacent sites is completed at the fusion center, including common view track registration, non-common view track continuation, etc., to improve the accuracy and continuity of low-altitude monitoring network for low-altitude target detection; S11: Situation display: The fused low-altitude target situation is displayed on the display control interface for user use and operation.

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated perception radio frequency front end. Aiming at the problems of large resource occupation and weak detection performance of existing communication perception integrated solutions, the present invention carries out the design of perception radio frequency modules based on the needs of low-altitude target detection, realizes the transmission and reception of perception beams by adding a new perception-dedicated radio frequency front end to the communication base station, multiplexes the communication baseband processing module and the 5G bearer network, and completes the perception control, processing and networking coordination. The communication and perception functions of this solution work simultaneously, so that the wide-area low-altitude target perception capability coverage can be achieved without affecting the communication rate and capacity.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The original communication base station includes 5G bearer network, BBU server, optical fiber, and communication AAU. On the basis of the original communication base station, a dedicated sensing RF front-end module is added, which is specifically used for sensing beam emission and target echo signal reception. The communication base station also integrates functions including waveform generation, beam control, transmission and reception timing, and echo data sampling; Step 2: Open a sensing control processing link on the BBU server in the original communication base station to complete the sensing working mode control and echo data processing; Step 3: Reuse the 5G communication bearer network to upload the low-altitude target point tracks obtained by the integrated synesthesia base station to the fusion center, realize multi-site track fusion, improve target perception effect, and generate the low-altitude target situation in the current airspace.

2. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BBU server includes a radar control module, an information processing module, and a sensing transmission and reception module.

3. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, a dedicated sensing RF front-end module is added, including the following steps: S1: Design and develop a dedicated sensing RF front-end module based on the characteristics of low-altitude target points including rotary-wing drones and specific scenario requirements; S2: Deploy a dedicated sensing RF front-end module at the original communication base station site. The azimuth direction of the dedicated sensing RF front-end module is consistent with the communication AAU, and the pitch angle is determined and deployed according to the airspace coverage requirements and scanning range; S3: The dedicated sensing RF front-end module is connected to the BBU server via optical fiber and realizes data interaction through the communication standard CPRI interface; S4: The dedicated sensing RF front-end module receives control information sent by the radar control module in the BBU server, and the control information controls the dedicated sensing RF front-end module to realize beam scanning and low-altitude target echo signal reception; S5: After receiving the low-altitude target echo signal, the dedicated sensing RF front-end module performs digital filtering, digital carrier frequency shifting, and downsampling operations on the echo signal, and packages the sampled AD data according to the detection frame length and transmits it back to the BBU server through the CPRI interface.

4. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following steps: S6: Perception control: The radar control module in the BBU server generates perception control information and sends it to the dedicated perception RF front-end module through the CPRI interface, thereby controlling the operation of the dedicated perception RF front-end module, including transmission and reception; S7: Signal processing: The sensing transmitting and receiving module in the BBU server receives the echo data packet returned by the communication AAU, and the signal processing module performs data analysis and signal processing operations; S8: Data processing: The signal processing module first performs point trace processing, including distance estimation, speed estimation, angle estimation and low-altitude target point trace aggregation; Then track processing is performed to achieve low-altitude target tracking.

5. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal processing in step S7 includes the following steps: T1: Digital beamforming; T2: Generate sum, azimuth difference, and elevation difference beams; T3: Complete MTI, digital pulse compression, MTD, CFAR detection, clutter map detection, and low-altitude target information extraction and processing.

6. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 5, characterized in that: The low-altitude target information extraction and processing in step T3 includes angle measurement, distance measurement, and speed measurement.

7. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3 includes the following steps: S9: Point track reporting: The low-altitude target point track formed by signal processing and data processing in the BBU server is uploaded to the fusion center through the 5G bearer network; S10: Point track fusion: The multi-site track fusion operation of adjacent sites is completed at the fusion center to improve the accuracy and continuity of low-altitude monitoring network's detection of low-altitude targets; S11: Situation display: The fused low-altitude target situation is displayed on the display control interface for user use and operation.

8. The method for designing a synaesthesia integrated base station based on a dedicated sensing radio frequency front end according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S10, point track fusion is performed, including common view track registration and non-common view track continuation.

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