Fabric, fabric dyeing method, and fabric manufacturing method

Abstract

In a fabric containing an aliphatic polyamide yarn composed of an aliphatic polyamide resin, in a two-dimensional scattering image obtained by wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement with the c-axis of the crystal as the fiber axis direction, the scattering intensity distribution obtained by integrating the scattering intensity in the range of + / -45 degrees from the equatorial direction with the origin as the center, the maximum value of the scattering intensity of the gamma-crystal-based scattering of the aliphatic polyamide resin is greater than the maximum value of the scattering intensity of the alpha-crystal-based scattering of the aliphatic polyamide resin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fabric containing an aliphatic polyamide yarn, a method for dyeing the fabric, and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] An aliphatic polyamide resin in which an aliphatic skeleton is bonded by a plurality of amide bonds is also called nylon, and has properties such as being lightweight (low specific gravity), having high mechanical strength, excellent rub resistance, and excellent chemical resistance (washing resistance). Utilizing these properties, aliphatic polyamide resins are used in various fiber products such as clothes for outdoor wear, small items such as bags and wallets, curtains, and car seats.

[0003] Conventionally, as a method for dyeing a fabric made of a yarn formed from an aliphatic polyamide resin, a method of impregnating the fabric in an aqueous dispersion containing a dye and heating the aqueous dispersion at a high temperature of about 100°C has been known. Particularly when an acid dye is used as the dye, due to the ionic bond between the acid dye and the aliphatic polyamide resin, a fabric having excellent dyeing fastness to light, washing, etc. is obtained.

[0004] However, in the conventional dyeing method, for the purpose of sufficiently dyeing the fabric with the dye to a desired concentration and suppressing uneven dyeing, heat treatment at a high temperature of about 100°C is required during dyeing. Therefore, a large amount of energy and heating time are required, or equipment capable of processing even near the boiling point of water is required.

[0005] Therefore, techniques for relaxing dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature and dyeing time have been proposed. For example, the following technique is known: during the melt spinning and extrusion of polyamide fibers, an aliphatic polyamide resin such as polyamide 6 (nylon 6), which is usually used as a fiber, is blended with polyamide 5.X (X is an integer from 4 to 16) produced from pentamethylenediamine and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, thereby obtaining polyamide fibers (Patent Document 1).

[0006] Prior Art Documents

[0007] Patent Documents

[0008] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-524488 Summary of the Invention

[0009] Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0010] However, using a special resin such as polyamide 5.X is disadvantageous in terms of cost. Therefore, for example, a technique that can also be applied to inexpensive aliphatic polyamide yarns such as nylon 6, which are mass-produced, is required.

[0011] The present invention has been completed to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a fabric, a method for dyeing the fabric, and a method for manufacturing the fabric, which include an aliphatic polyamide yarn having high dyeability even under loose dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature and dyeing time.

[0012] Means for Solving the Problems

[0013] To solve the above problems, one aspect of the fabric, the method for dyeing the fabric, and the method for manufacturing the fabric of the present invention has the following configuration.

[0014] (1) One aspect of the fabric according to the present invention is a fabric that includes an aliphatic polyamide yarn made of an aliphatic polyamide resin, and in the two-dimensional scattering image obtained by performing wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement with the c-axis of the crystal as the fiber axis direction, in the scattering intensity distribution obtained by integrating the scattering intensity in the range of ±45° from the equatorial direction with the origin as the center, the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the γ-crystal scattering of the aliphatic polyamide resin is greater than the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the α-crystal scattering of the aliphatic polyamide yarn.

[0015] (2) In one aspect of the fabric of the present invention, the above aliphatic polyamide yarn may be any one of the following (A) to (C).

[0016] (A) An aliphatic polyamide yarn obtained by polycondensation of a diamine having an even number of carbon atoms and a dicarboxylic acid having an even number of carbon atoms.

[0017] (B) An aliphatic polyamide yarn having an amino acid skeleton with an odd number of carbon atoms as a repeating unit.

[0018] (C) An aliphatic polyamide yarn formed of nylon 4 or nylon 6.

[0019] (3) In one aspect of the fabric of the present invention, the fabric can be dyed with an acid dye, and the washing fastness in Method A-2 of Method A described in JIS L0844 is 3 or more grades for color change and fading and 3 or more grades for staining, and the dry cleaning fastness in Method A-1 described in JIS L 0860 is 3 or more grades for color change and fading and 3 or more grades for staining.

[0020] (4) The method for dyeing the fabric of the present invention is to immerse the above fabric in an aqueous dispersion containing an acid dye and perform dyeing processing at a temperature of 90°C or lower.

[0021] (5) In the method for dyeing the fabric of the present invention, pre-setting can be performed at a temperature of 170°C or lower before the above dyeing processing.

[0022] (6) The method for producing a fabric of the present invention is the method for producing the fabric described above, wherein the aliphatic polyamide yarn is subjected to a false twisting process at a temperature of 180° C. or less.

[0023] Effects of the Invention

[0024] According to the fabric of the present invention, it is possible to provide a fabric including an aliphatic polyamide yarn having high dyeability even if dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature and dyeing time are relaxed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the X-ray scattering intensity distribution of aliphatic polyamide yarn collected from fabric immediately before dyeing in Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. It should be noted that the embodiments described below all represent a preferred specific example of the present invention. Therefore, the numerical values, shapes, materials, constituent elements, etc. shown in the following embodiments are examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, for the constituent elements in the following embodiments that are not recorded in the independent claims representing the highest concept of the present invention, they are described as arbitrary constituent elements.

[0027] (Aliphatic polyamide yarn)

[0028] The aliphatic polyamide yarn included in the fabric of the present embodiment is a yarn composed of an aliphatic polyamide resin. In the aliphatic polyamide resin constituting the aliphatic polyamide yarn, in a two-dimensional scattering image obtained by wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement with the c-axis of the crystal as the fiber axis direction, in a scattering intensity distribution obtained by integrating the scattering intensity in a range of ±45° from the equatorial direction with the origin as the center, the maximum value of the scattering intensity due to scattering by γ crystals is greater than the maximum value of the scattering intensity due to scattering by α crystals.

[0029] The crystal structure formed by aliphatic polyamide resins includes α crystals (α-type crystals) and γ crystals (γ-type crystals) unless special processing is performed. Aliphatic polyamide resins tend to form γ crystals under conditions governed by reaction rate theory, but if sufficient heating, shearing, etc. are performed to exceed the peak of activation energy, thermodynamically stable α crystals tend to be formed, and γ crystals tend to decrease.

[0030] The α-crystalline aliphatic polyamide resin of the monoclinic system is more densely packed with molecules than the γ-crystalline of the triclinic system and is firm as a crystal structure. In addition, in the aliphatic polyamide resin, the α-crystal is a crystal formed by the interaction of the NH segment and the CO segment in the fully extended aliphatic polyamide chain. Therefore, compared with the γ-crystal that has bends and twists in the molecular chain to form the interaction between the NH segment and the CO segment, it is easier to fold and the lamellar structure is more likely to grow significantly. Therefore, in the aliphatic polyamide yarn composed of the aliphatic polyamide resin with a large amount of α-crystals, the diffusion of dye molecules in the yarn is hindered. In contrast, in the aliphatic polyamide yarn composed of the aliphatic polyamide resin with a large amount of γ-crystals, the dye molecules diffuse relatively quickly in the yarn. Furthermore, dyes such as acid dyes and reactive dyes bind to the NH segment in the aliphatic polyamide chain for dyeing. Therefore, the γ-crystal with less consumption of dyeing sites caused by the formation of crystals and lamellar structures is more likely to bind to the above dyes. That is, an aliphatic polyamide yarn composed of the aliphatic polyamide resin with a large amount of γ-crystals can be used. Through the above effects, the aliphatic polyamide yarn of the present embodiment has high dyeability even under loose dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature and dyeing time.

[0031] The amount of γ-crystals contained in the aliphatic polyamide yarn can be qualitatively determined from the scattering intensity distribution obtained by measurement using the wide-angle X-ray scattering method (wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement). For example, when measuring nylon 6 using Cu Kα rays (wavelength: 0.15418 nm) as the X-ray source, the scattering based on the γ-crystal appears at 2θ = 21 - 22° (interplanar spacing: 0.42 - 0.40 nm), and the scattering based on the α-crystal appears at 2θ = 19.5 - 20.5° (interplanar spacing: 0.46 - 0.43 nm) and 2θ = 23 - 24° (interplanar spacing: 0.39 - 0.37 nm). In the case of an aliphatic polyamide yarn using nylon 6 as the aliphatic polyamide resin, if the maximum value of the scattering intensity at 2θ = 21 - 22° is higher than the maximum values of the scattering intensity at 2θ = 19.5 - 20.5° and 23 - 24°, it can be evaluated as an aliphatic polyamide resin with a high γ-crystal ratio and is an aliphatic polyamide yarn with high dyeability.

[0032] It should be noted that the aliphatic polyamide yarn is usually stretched mostly in the fiber axis direction to improve the strength of the yarn. At this time, sometimes artifacts (artificial crystal structures) are formed in the fiber axis direction during this stretching process. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the influence of the artifacts. In the present invention, in the two-dimensional scattering image obtained by performing wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement with the c-axis of the crystal of the aliphatic polyamide resin as the fiber axis direction, the scattering intensity distribution obtained by integrating the scattering intensity in the range of ±45° from the equatorial direction centered on the origin is evaluated, thereby removing the influence of the crystals in the fiber axis direction that appear on the meridian of the two-dimensional scattering image.

[0033] In aliphatic polyamide resins other than nylon 6, the plane spacing of each crystal may sometimes be different. However, by comparing the maximum values of the scattering intensities in the scattering from γ-crystals and from α-crystals of the aliphatic polyamide resin that constitutes the aliphatic polyamide yarn to be targeted, the amount of γ-crystals can be evaluated.

[0034] The aliphatic polyamide yarn of the present embodiment may be any one of the following (A) to (C).

[0035] (A) An aliphatic polyamide yarn obtained by polycondensation of a diamine having an even number of carbon atoms and a dicarboxylic acid having an even number of carbon atoms.

[0036] (B) An aliphatic polyamide yarn having an amino acid skeleton with an odd number of carbon atoms as a repeating unit.

[0037] (C) An aliphatic polyamide yarn formed from nylon 4 or nylon 6.

[0038] In the aliphatic polyamide yarn corresponding to any one of the above (A) to (C), when two aliphatic polyamide molecules are arranged in parallel, there is a position where the NH chain segment and the CO chain segment are likely to exactly overlap in the state of an extended chain. Therefore, if no treatment under special conditions is performed, a large amount of α-crystals will be generated in the aliphatic polyamide yarn. Thus, if the conventional aliphatic polyamide yarn corresponding to the above (A) to (C) is directly used, the dyeability is worse than that of other aliphatic polyamide yarns.

[0039] In contrast, since the aliphatic polyamide yarn of the present embodiment can increase the proportion of γ-crystals, even when the aliphatic polyamide yarn corresponding to the above (A) to (C) is used, the dyeability can be improved. That is, when the aliphatic polyamide yarn corresponding to the above (A) to (C) is used, by increasing the proportion of γ-crystals, the dyeability can be improved, and particularly high effects can be obtained.

[0040] It should be noted that in the present invention, the counting method of the number of carbon atoms in the above (A) and (B) includes the carbon atoms constituting the amide bond. As the number of carbon atoms in the main chain between N atoms constituting the amide bond that repeatedly appears in the aliphatic polyamide molecule, the number of carbon atoms present in the side chain is not included therein.

[0041] The aliphatic polyamide yarn of the present embodiment may be any one of a staple fiber yarn composed of multiple short fibers, a monofilament yarn composed of one long fiber, and a multifilament yarn composed of multiple long fibers, and may also be any one of an untwisted yarn, a twisted yarn, and a processed yarn. As the processed yarn, there is no particular limitation, and for example, a false twist processed yarn, an inserted processed yarn, a shaped processed yarn, a wiping processed yarn, a Taslan processed yarn, an interlaced processed yarn, a crimped yarn, a side-by-side composite processed yarn, etc. can be used.

[0042] In the aliphatic polyamide yarn of this embodiment, if the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the scattering of γ-crystals is greater than the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the scattering of α-crystals, there is no limitation on its adjustment method. As a method for generating a large amount of γ-crystals, examples include the addition of crystal nucleating agents such as water and inorganic particles, acceleration treatment of the crystallization rate such as rapid cooling after melt spinning or stretching processing, crystallization under kinetic control conditions based on the adjustment of the heating temperature during melt spinning or stretching processing, promotion or inhibition of crystallization based on the adjustment of the draw ratio, and combinations thereof. In particular, from the viewpoint of easy control, it is preferable to set the heating temperature during melt spinning or stretching processing to 180°C or lower, and more preferably to 170°C or lower. In addition, when stretching processing is performed, it is preferable to set the draw ratio to 1.05 to 1.20 times. Furthermore, when stretching processing is performed, twisting processing or false-twist processing can be performed simultaneously.

[0043] For the purpose of obtaining a fabric that imparts protrusions, stretchability, a matte feeling, etc. to the yarn and is not easily wrinkled, false-twist processing is sometimes performed on the yarn. Usually, when spinning at a high speed, for example, a speed of 2000 m / minute or more, the γ-crystals in the aliphatic polyamide yarn undergo a structural phase change to become α-crystals, and the γ-crystals tend to decrease. On the other hand, if the spinning speed is slowed down in order to suppress the structural phase change from γ-crystals to α-crystals, the productivity will of course deteriorate. In this regard, since heating treatment and cooling treatment are accompanied when false-twist processing is performed on the yarn, the generation of γ-crystals in the yarn can be promoted through this heating treatment and cooling treatment. Therefore, by performing false-twist processing on the aliphatic polyamide yarn, an aliphatic polyamide yarn containing a relatively large amount of γ-crystals can be obtained without having a significant impact on productivity. However, if the temperature of the heating treatment (heater temperature) is too high, thermodynamically stable α-crystals are likely to be generated. Therefore, the temperature of the heating treatment (heater temperature) when performing false-twist processing on the aliphatic polyamide yarn is preferably 180°C or lower, and more preferably 170°C or lower.

[0044] (Fabric containing aliphatic polyamide yarn)

[0045] The fabric of this embodiment contains the aforementioned aliphatic polyamide yarn, and its form is not particularly limited. Examples include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, etc. In this case, the fabric containing the aliphatic polyamide yarn can be manufactured by a known method.

[0046] In addition, in the fabric of the present embodiment, in addition to the aliphatic polyamide yarn, it may also be a fabric formed by interweaving or interlacing yarns made of other raw materials such as aliphatic polyamide yarns that do not meet the above conditions and / or yarns made by spinning polyester yarns or natural fibers. If yarns with different dyeabilities are included, a fabric that visually enjoys variations through dyeing can be obtained. On the other hand, when it is desired to dye the fabric uniformly in a single color, only aliphatic polyamide yarns that meet the above conditions can be used, and it is further more preferable to use only a single type of aliphatic polyamide yarn.

[0047] The fabric of the present embodiment can be dyed with dyes, and the washing fastness in Method A-2 of Method A described in JIS L 0844 should be 3 or more levels for color change and fading and 3 or more levels for staining, and the dry cleaning fastness in Method A-1 described in JIS L 0860 should be 3 or more levels for color change and fading and 3 or more levels for staining. As the dyes for dyeing, for example, acid dyes, disperse dyes, reactive dyes, direct dyes, pigments, etc. can be used. Among them, acid dyes with high fastness to various properties of aliphatic polyamide yarns are preferably used.

[0048] The fabric of the present embodiment has high dyeability. When immersed in an aqueous dispersion containing an acid dye in the dye, even when dyeing is carried out at a temperature below 90 °C, the dye can be fully dyed on the fabric. Thus, a fabric containing aliphatic polyamide yarns with high dyeability is obtained. In addition, even when dyeing is carried out at a temperature below 90 °C where various fastnesses are likely to deteriorate, the above various fastnesses can be achieved.

[0049] In addition, in the fabric of the present embodiment, as long as the desired purpose is not deviated from, various functional additives such as titanium oxide and other matting agents, antioxidants, stabilizers, anti-discoloration agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents, heat-resistant agents, antibacterial and deodorant agents, bacteriostatic agents, antiviral agents, SR agents, inorganic particles, dyeing aids, cooling agents, moisturizing agents, hygroscopic agents, water repellents, fragrances, etc. can be added to the aliphatic polyamide yarn or attached to the surface of the yarn. These functional additives can be used alone, or multiple types can be used in combination, and they can also be combined with a binder for increasing the attachment amount and preventing the detachment of the attached functional additives.

[0050] Furthermore, for the fabric of the present embodiment, it is also possible to impart patterns based on printing or transfer, gloss based on calendering, pleat processing, three-dimensionality based on embossing, etc.

[0051] (Dyeing method)

[0052] Next, the dyeing method of the present embodiment will be described.

[0053] The dyeing method of this embodiment is to immerse the above-mentioned fabric in an aqueous dispersion containing an acid dye and perform dyeing at a temperature below 90°C.

[0054] As the dye for dyeing, acid dyes with high fastness to various aliphatic polyamide yarns can be used. However, in the case of dyeing a fabric containing yarns other than aliphatic polyamide yarns, dyes suitable for each raw material can also be used in combination. As acid dyes, leveling type, semi-ground type, ground type, and gold-containing type can be used. From the viewpoint of low environmental load, leveling type, semi-ground type, and ground type acid dyes are preferably used as acid dyes. These acid dyes are dispersed in water and used for dyeing.

[0055] Known dyeing assistants can be added to the aqueous dispersion containing the dye. As dyeing assistants, acids, pH regulators, chelating agents, accelerating agents, leveling agents, retarding agents, dispersants, carriers, etc. can be cited. Especially when dyeing is performed using multiple dyes with different dyeing speeds, such as different types of dyes like leveling type and ground type, in order to suppress dyeing unevenness caused by the dyeing speed, a leveling agent, a pH regulator, especially a pH slider that changes the acidity of the aqueous solution according to temperature, can be added to the aqueous dispersion containing the dye.

[0056] The dyeing machine used in dyeing is not particularly limited, and a jet dyeing machine, a winch dyeing machine, a beam dyeing machine, etc. can be used. The fabric is immersed in the aqueous dispersion containing the acid dye filled in these dyeing machines for dyeing.

[0057] Even when the fabric of the present invention is dyed at a temperature below 90°C, which is lower than the dyeing temperature of the fabric formed of polyamide yarn in the past, the dye can be fully dyed on the fabric. Thus, the input energy and the heating time can be shortened. Furthermore, the dyeing temperature can also be set below 85°C. The lower limit of the dyeing temperature is not particularly limited, and from the viewpoint of fully dyeing the fabric with the dye, the dyeing temperature is preferably 55°C or higher, more preferably 60°C or higher. It should be noted that the "dyeing temperature" in the present invention refers to the highest temperature reached by the aqueous dispersion during the dyeing process.

[0058] The fabric dyed in the above process becomes an intermediate material for manufacturing a fiber product by drying. The drying method is not particularly limited, and hot air drying, screen drying, contact drying, infrared drying, dielectric drying, etc. can be used.

[0059] In addition, for the purpose of easily adjusting the properties of the fabric such as the length, width, textile density, and knitting density of the fabric after dyeing and suppressing the formation of wrinkles in the fabric during dyeing that cause uneven dyeing, pre-setting can also be performed before dyeing. When performing pre-setting, in order not to reduce the γ-crystals in the aliphatic polyamide yarn, the pre-setting is preferably performed at a temperature of 170°C or lower, more preferably 160°C or lower. As the lower limit value of the pre-setting temperature, there is no particular limitation, and in order to fully exhibit the above-mentioned pre-setting effect, it is preferably 130°C or higher.

[0060] Furthermore, for the dyed fabric, for the purpose of improving the washing fastness, it is possible to perform soaping treatment to wash away the lightly dyed dyes and dyeing assistants with a surfactant, and fixation treatment to firmly fix the dyes to the fabric with synthetic tannin or the like.

[0061] In addition, various functional treatments such as adjustment of the properties based on finish setting and imparting shape memory, antistatic treatment, antibacterial treatment, antiviral treatment, SR treatment, cold feeling imparting treatment, water absorption treatment, water repellent treatment, aroma imparting treatment, etc., and various design treatments such as printing, transfer printing, calendering, wrinkling, embossing, etc. can also be performed on the dyed fabric.

[0062] According to the dyeing method of the present embodiment, even when the dyeing process is performed at a temperature of 90°C or lower, the dye can be fully dyed on the fabric. That is, even if the dyeing conditions such as the dyeing temperature and dyeing time are loose, it is possible to dye to the desired concentration and suppress the occurrence of uneven dyeing. In addition, various fastnesses described above can also be imparted to the fabric.

[0063] Examples

[0064] Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be listed to describe the fabric of the present embodiment in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In addition, various physical properties in the following examples and comparative examples were measured by the following methods.

[0065] (1) Crystal state of aliphatic polyamide yarn

[0066] The crystalline state of the aliphatic polyamide yarn was determined by wide-angle X-ray scattering. Specifically, as the measuring device, a fully automatic multi-functional X-ray diffractometer manufactured by Rigaku Corporation: SmartLab (registered trademark) was used. The incident ray source was monochromatized to Kα rays using Cu. Under the conditions of a tube current of 200 mA, a tube voltage of 45 kV, and an irradiation time of 15 minutes, the yarn collected from the fabric just before dyeing was aligned. For the sample of the aliphatic polyamide yarn with the c-axis set as the fiber axis direction, a two-dimensional scattering image was obtained. In the obtained two-dimensional scattering image, with the origin as the center, the scattering intensity was integrated along the arc of the concentric circle centered at the origin within the range of ±45° from the equatorial direction, and the scattering intensity distribution with the horizontal axis as 2θ and the vertical axis as the scattering intensity was obtained. Specifically, for the samples of Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1 described later, the scattering intensity distribution was obtained. In Figure 1 the results are shown. Figure 1 is a graph showing the scattering intensity distribution of the aliphatic polyamide yarn collected from the fabric just before dyeing in Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1. It should be noted that in Figure 1 the scattering intensities of Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1 are expressed as relative values.

[0067] In this scattering intensity distribution, the maximum value of the scattering intensity in the range of 2θ = 21 - 22° where scattering from the γ crystal appears and the maximum values of the scattering intensity in the ranges of 2θ = 19.5 - 20.5° and 23 - 24° where scattering from the α crystal appears were respectively read and compared.

[0068] (2) Dyeability

[0069] Regarding the dyeability, the following two evaluations (A) and (B) were carried out.

[0070] (A) The dyed fabric was visually confirmed to check for uneven dyeing.

[0071] (B) Acid was added to the residual liquid used in dyeing, and a fabric of ordinary nylon 6 was immersed in the residual liquid at a bath ratio (mass ratio) of fabric:residual liquid = 1:50, heated to 100 °C and held for 30 minutes, thereby obtaining a fabric dyed with the residual liquid. Using a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere manufactured by Kurashiki Boseki Co., Ltd.: COLOR-7x, the fabric dyed with the residual liquid was set as D65, and colorimetry was performed at a viewing angle of 2°. According to its total light reflectance (R), the surface concentration (K / S value) was calculated by the following (Equation 1).

[0072] K / S = (1 - R) 2 / 2R (Equation 1)

[0073] The lower the K / S value, the thinner the fabric dyed with the residual liquid, and it can be evaluated that the dye is dyed on the fabric with high efficiency during the original dyeing.

[0074] (3) Washing fastness

[0075] The test is carried out according to Method A-2 of Method for Testing Color Fastness to Washing described in JIS L 0844. It should be noted that nylon and cotton are used as the attached white cloth.

[0076] (4) Dry-cleaning fastness

[0077] The test is carried out according to Method A-1 described in Method for Testing Color Fastness to Dry Cleaning in JIS L 0860.

[0078] (Example 1)

[0079] [Melt spinning process]

[0080] The pellets made of nylon 6 are heated to 265 °C to be melted and spun at a speed of 3900 m / minute, thereby obtaining filaments made of nylon 6.

[0081] [False twist process]

[0082] Next, while stretching the obtained filaments from the heater temperature of 150 °C to 1.15 times, false twist processing is carried out on the fineness of 22 dtex (20 filaments), thereby obtaining an aliphatic polyamide yarn.

[0083] [Weaving process]

[0084] Next, the obtained yarn is used as the warp and weft yarns for plain weaving, thereby obtaining a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarns with a weave density of 195 threads / 2.54 cm × 165 threads / 2.54 cm.

[0085] [Dyeing process]

[0086] Next, the fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarns obtained is immersed in a normal-temperature aqueous dispersion containing an acid dye, a leveling agent, and a pH sliding agent (bath ratio is 1:50), and the aqueous dispersion is heated at 3 °C / minute. When the temperature of the aqueous dispersion reaches 80 °C, the fabric is taken out and dried, thereby obtaining a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarns dyed khaki with an acid dye. No uneven dyeing is found in the obtained fabric, and it is uniformly colored. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0087] (Example 2)

[0088] Except that the heater temperature in the false-twist process was set to 170 °C, the operation was the same as in Example 1, and a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained. No uneven dyeing was found in the obtained fabric, and it was uniformly colored. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0089] (Example 3)

[0090] After obtaining a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn in the same manner as in Example 1, immediately before the dyeing process, the above fabric was pre-set at 160 °C, and except for this, the operation was the same as in Example 1, and a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained. No uneven dyeing was found in the obtained fabric, and it was uniformly colored. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0091] (Example 4)

[0092] The pre-setting temperature was set to 180 °C, and except for this, the operation was the same as in Example 3, and a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained. No uneven dyeing was found in the obtained fabric, and it was uniformly colored. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0093] (Comparative Example 1)

[0094] Except that the heater temperature in the false-twist process was set to 190 °C and the draw ratio was set to 1.23 times, the operation was the same as in Example 1, and a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained. Vertical stripes and uneven dyeing occurred on the obtained fabric. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0095] (Comparative Example 2)

[0096] The pre-setting temperature was set to 190 °C, and except for this, the operation was the same as in Example 3, and a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained. Vertical stripes and uneven dyeing occurred on the obtained fabric. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0097] (Comparative Example 3)

[0098] Except that an aliphatic polyamide yarn with a fineness of 22 dtex (20 filaments) was obtained without false-twisting the nylon 6 filament, a fabric formed of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Vertical stripes and uneven dyeing occurred on the obtained fabric. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0099] (Reference Example 1)

[0100] A fabric made of aliphatic polyamide yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the heater temperature in the false-twist process was set to 190 °C and the draw ratio was set to 1.23 times.

[0101] Next, the obtained fabric made of aliphatic polyamide yarn was immersed in a normal-temperature aqueous dispersion containing an acid dye, a leveling agent, and a pH buffer (bath ratio: 1:50). The aqueous dispersion was heated at a rate of 1 °C per minute. When the temperature of the aqueous dispersion reached 98 °C, it was maintained for 30 minutes, after which the fabric was taken out and dried. Thus, a fabric made of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye was obtained. No uneven dyeing was found in the obtained fabric, and it was uniformly colored. The evaluation results of the obtained fabric are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1

[0103]

[0104] As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4 where the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the scattering of γ-crystals is larger than the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the scattering of α-crystals, even when dyed at a temperature below 80 °C, uniform dyeing without uneven dyeing can be achieved, and the dye can be efficiently dyed onto the fabric.

[0105] (Example 5)

[0106] [Fixing process]

[0107] The fabric made of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye obtained in Example 1 was immersed in an aqueous dispersion of synthetic tannin and treated at 70 °C for 20 minutes, thereby obtaining a fixed fabric.

[0108] The washing fastness of the above-obtained fabric was color change and fading: grade 4, staining: grade 4 - 5, and the dry-cleaning fastness was color change and fading: grade 4 - 5, staining: grade 4 - 5.

[0109] (Reference Example 2)

[0110] For the fabric made of aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed khaki with an acid dye obtained in Reference Example 1, a fabric subjected to the same fixing treatment as in Example 5 was obtained. The washing fastness of the obtained fabric was color change and fading: grade 4, staining: grade 4 - 5, and the dry-cleaning fastness was color change and fading: grade 4 - 5, staining: grade 4 - 5.

[0111] From the comparison between Example 5 and Reference Example 2, it can be seen that the fabric dyed with an acid dye according to this embodiment has washing fastness and dry-cleaning fastness equivalent to those of a fabric made of an aliphatic polyamide yarn dyed with an acid dye in the prior art.

Claims

1. A fabric, which is a fabric comprising aliphatic polyamide yarns made of an aliphatic polyamide resin, wherein, in the two-dimensional scattering image obtained by wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement with the c-axis of the crystal as the fiber axis direction, in the scattering intensity distribution obtained by integrating the scattering intensities in the range of ±45° from the equatorial direction centered on the origin, the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the γ-crystal scattering of the aliphatic polyamide resin is greater than the maximum value of the scattering intensity based on the α-crystal scattering.

2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein, the aliphatic polyamide yarn is any one of the following (A) to (C), (A) An aliphatic polyamide yarn obtained by polycondensation of a diamine having an even number of carbon atoms and a dicarboxylic acid having an even number of carbon atoms, (B) An aliphatic polyamide yarn having an amino acid skeleton with an odd number of carbon atoms as a repeating unit, (C) An aliphatic polyamide yarn formed of nylon 4 or nylon 6.

3. The fabric according to claim 1 or 2, which is dyed with an acid dye, and the washing fastness in Method A-2 of Method A described in JIS L 0844 is 3 or more grades for color change and fading and 3 or more grades for staining, and the dry cleaning fastness in Method A-1 described in JIS L 0860 is 3 or more grades for color change and fading and 3 or more grades for staining.

4. A method for dyeing a fabric, wherein, the fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is immersed in an aqueous dispersion containing an acid dye, and dyeing is carried out at a temperature of 90°C or lower.

5. The method for dyeing a fabric according to claim 4, wherein, before the dyeing, pre-setting is carried out at a temperature of 170°C or lower.

6. A method for manufacturing a fabric, which is a method for manufacturing the fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, false twisting of the aliphatic polyamide yarn is carried out at a temperature of 180°C or lower.

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