Efficient and energy-saving macromolecule cracking system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of macromolecular cracking, in particular to an efficient and energy-saving macromolecular cracking system, and solves the problems that energy is wasted due to loss of a large amount of heat in the heating process of a traditional hot blast stove, the retention time of hot air in a cracker is short, the heat transfer efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is low when a macromolecular material is cracked in the prior art. The hot blast stove comprises a hot blast stove body and a cracker, a hot air circulating pipeline is installed between the hot blast stove body and the cracker, the hot blast stove body is composed of a combustion ventilation mechanism and an isolation heat storage mechanism, and the isolation heat storage mechanism is located in the combustion ventilation mechanism. And the cracker consists of a reflux cracking mechanism and a shunt warming mechanism. Hot air needed in the macromolecule cracking process is spirally conveyed twice, uniform temperature distribution can be promoted, the heat energy transmission efficiency is improved, waste heat can be conveniently utilized, and the energy-saving effect of the hot blast stove is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer pyrolysis, and specifically to an energy-efficient polymer pyrolysis system. Background Art

[0002] The main function of a static pyrolyzer is to break down large structures or samples into small pieces for convenient transportation, processing, or subsequent analysis. Its principle is to use external forces or energy to destroy the internal connections of the structure or sample to achieve the purpose of pyrolysis. Among them, the pyrolyzer uses high temperature to rapidly decompose the organic matter in the sample to generate small molecule compounds for subsequent qualitative and quantitative analysis. This method has a wide range of applications in the field of organic matter analysis;

[0003] When pyrolyzing polymer materials, a hot blast stove needs to be installed at the hot gas input end of the pyrolyzer. The hot blast stove is a thermal power machine that began to be widely used in China in the late 1970s. It has become a replacement product for electric heat sources and traditional steam power heat sources in many industries. The hot blast stove has a variety of types and complete series. It is divided into hand-fired and machine-fired types according to the coal feeding method, and into coal, oil, gas stoves, etc. according to the fuel type. Usually, one of the main functions of the hot blast stove is to supply heat to the pyrolyzer.

[0004] When pyrolyzing polymer materials conventionally, during the heating process of the traditional hot blast stove, a large amount of heat is lost, resulting in energy waste. The residence time of the hot air in the pyrolyzer is relatively short, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency, and a large amount of heat cannot be fully utilized, which is not conducive to energy-saving effects. Therefore, it does not meet the existing requirements, and for this reason, we propose an energy-efficient polymer pyrolysis system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-efficient polymer pyrolysis system to solve the problems raised in the above background art that when pyrolyzing polymer materials conventionally, during the heating process of the traditional hot blast stove, a large amount of heat is lost, resulting in energy waste, the residence time of the hot air in the pyrolyzer is relatively short, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency, and a large amount of heat cannot be fully utilized, which is not conducive to energy-saving effects.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a highly efficient and energy-saving polymer cracking system, including a hot blast stove and a cracker. A hot air circulation pipeline is installed between the hot blast stove and the cracker. The hot blast stove is composed of a combustion ventilation mechanism and an isolation heat storage mechanism. The isolation heat storage mechanism is located inside the combustion ventilation mechanism. The cracker is composed of a reflux cracking mechanism and a shunt temperature increasing mechanism. The shunt temperature increasing mechanism is located inside the reflux cracking mechanism. The isolation heat storage mechanism includes a partition cover. A heat insulation layer is installed inside the partition cover. The partition cover and the heat insulation layer are fixedly connected by a plurality of partition support frames. A plurality of monomer splicing rings are fixedly installed inside the heat insulation layer. An inner combustion chamber is formed inside the plurality of monomer splicing rings. A high temperature area and a low temperature area are provided inside the combustion chamber. A heat storage body is installed between the high temperature area and the low temperature area.

[0007] The reflux cracking mechanism includes an outer layer waste heat isolation cover. An inner layer waste heat isolation cover is installed inside the outer layer waste heat isolation cover. A plurality of waste heat guiding spiral strips are fixedly installed between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover. A reflux output pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the outer layer waste heat isolation cover. The shunt temperature increasing mechanism includes a hot air input pipe. A hot air shunt box is fixedly installed at one end of the hot air input pipe. A plurality of hot air guiding pipes are fixedly installed at one end of the hot air shunt box. A hot air reversing pipe is installed outside the hot air guiding pipe. A hot air guiding spiral strip is provided between the hot air guiding pipe and the hot air reversing pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the combustion ventilation mechanism includes a hot air housing. The hot air housing is fixedly connected to the partition cover. A burner is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hot air housing. Injection spray guns are fixedly installed on both sides of the burner. A reflux box is fixedly installed on one side of the hot air housing. A reflux fan is fixedly installed on the rear end face of the reflux box. A reflux input pipe is fixedly installed at the front end of the reflux box. A first hot air delivery pipe is fixedly installed at the front end of the hot air housing. A second hot air delivery pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the first hot air delivery pipe. A cold air input pipe is fixedly installed on the other side of the first hot air delivery pipe. A cold air delivery fan is fixedly installed at the end of the cold air input pipe away from the first hot air delivery pipe. Pneumatic valves are fixedly provided between the reflux box and the reflux input pipe, between the first hot air delivery pipe and the second hot air delivery pipe, and between the cold air input pipe and the cold air delivery fan.

[0009] Preferably, the reflux cracking mechanism further includes a cracking installation shell fixedly connected to the outer layer waste heat isolation cover. A plurality of exhaust ends are fixedly installed between the cracking installation shell and the outer layer waste heat isolation cover. An input installation cover is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cracking installation shell. A plugging gate plate is installed at the front end of the cracking installation shell. A sealing air guiding seat is fixedly installed between the input installation cover and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover.

[0010] Preferably, the bottoms of the two gas injection spray guns penetrate through the hot air housing and are inserted into the interior of the combustion chamber. The reflux input pipe and the combustion chamber are connected through a reflux box. Blades are fixedly provided at the output ends of the reflux fan and the cold air delivery fan. The reflux input pipe and the reflux output pipe are connected through a hot air circulation pipeline. The hot air circulation pipeline is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second hot air delivery pipe. A plurality of cracking interfaces are provided at the rear end of the hot air circulation pipeline. The second hot air delivery pipe and the plurality of cracking interfaces are connected through the hot air circulation pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the cold air input pipe and the second hot air delivery pipe are connected through a first hot air delivery pipe. The rear end of the first hot air delivery pipe penetrates through the hot air housing and is inserted into the inner side of the combustion chamber. The first hot air delivery pipe is connected to the low temperature zone. A plurality of monomer splicing rings are linearly arranged along the axis of the regenerator. The regenerator is fixedly connected to the monomer splicing rings. The high temperature zone is located between the burner and the regenerator. The temperature in the high temperature zone is 1000 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in the low temperature zone is 700 degrees Celsius.

[0012] Preferably, the front end of the first hot air delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the hot air input pipe. The first hot air delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the hot air distribution box through the hot air input pipe. The input mounting cover is fixedly connected to the hot air distribution box. The hot air distribution box is used for conveying hot air and distributing it into the interiors of a plurality of hot air guide pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the cracking installation shell is fixedly connected to a plurality of hot air reversing pipes. The hot air guide pipe is coaxial with the hot air reversing pipe. The hot air guide pipe is fixedly connected to the hot air guide spiral strip. The flow direction of the hot air inside the hot air guide pipe is opposite to the flow direction of the hot air between the hot air guide pipe and the hot air reversing pipe. The sealed air guide seat is connected to a plurality of hot air reversing pipes.

[0014] Preferably, the sealed air guide seat is connected between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover. The front end of the reflux output pipe penetrates through the cracking installation shell and is inserted between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover. The temperature inside the reflux output pipe is 330 degrees Celsius. The outer layer waste heat isolation cover and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover are fixedly connected through a plurality of waste heat guide spiral strips. A cracking chamber is provided inside the inner layer waste heat isolation cover. The bottom end of the exhaust end sequentially penetrates through the cracking installation shell, the outer layer waste heat isolation cover, and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover and is inserted into the inner side of the cracking chamber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, a regenerator is installed in the combustion chamber, enabling the combustion chamber to be divided into a high-temperature zone and a low-temperature zone by the regenerator. Furthermore, multiple through-holes arranged in an array on the surface of the regenerator can fully combust harmful gases, achieving precise control of the hot gas temperature output by the first hot air delivery pipe, ensuring the efficient progress of the cracking process. Multiple cracking interfaces are provided at the rear end of the hot air circulation pipeline. Through the cracking interfaces, multiple cracker can be connected, facilitating the hot blast stove to supply hot air to multiple cracker simultaneously through the hot air circulation pipeline, and realizing the cracking operation of multiple cracker on polymer materials synchronously;

[0017] 2. In the present invention, the hot blast shunt box evenly shunts the hot gas into the interiors of multiple hot air guide pipes. While the hot air guide pipes conduct primary heat transfer on the hot air, the hot air can be reversed through the hot air reversing pipe. The hot air increases the residence time and contact area during the hot air delivery process under the spiral guiding action of the hot air guide pipe, promoting uniform temperature distribution, improving the heat transfer efficiency, and enabling stable static cracking of the polymer materials in the cracking chamber. The outer layer waste heat isolation cover and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover can further utilize the waste heat of the hot air through multiple waste heat guiding spiral strips, reducing the phenomenon of local overheating or cold spots in the cracking chamber and ensuring a more uniform heating process;

[0018] 3. In the present invention, the reflux fan can return the cracked hot gas to the combustion chamber successively through the reflux input pipe, the hot air circulation pipeline, and the reflux output pipe, which can further improve the utilization of the waste heat in the hot gas, facilitate the heat preservation operation of the cracker, improve the heat utilization rate in the hot air, and at the same time facilitate reducing the combustion intensity in the combustion chamber and the consumption of combustibles, being more energy-saving and efficient. The cold air delivery fan transports external cold air to the inside of the first hot air delivery pipe through the cold air input pipe. Then, the first hot air delivery pipe inputs the cold air through the hot air input pipe and the hot blast shunt box, realizing the rapid and stable cooling operation of the cracking chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the hot blast stove of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a top view of the hot blast stove of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic sectional structural diagram of the hot blast stove of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic sectional structural diagram of the isolation and heat storage mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the cracker of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 Installation structural schematic diagram of the reflux output pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 Installation structural schematic diagram of the waste heat guiding spiral strip of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 Installation structural schematic diagram of the flow splitting and temperature increasing mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 Cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the flow splitting and temperature increasing mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1, hot blast stove; 2, combustion ventilation mechanism; 201, burner; 202, hot blast housing; 203, gas injection spray gun; 204, reflux fan; 205, reflux box; 206, reflux input pipe; 207, first hot air delivery pipe; 208, second hot air delivery pipe; 209, cold air input pipe; 210, cold air delivery fan; 211, pneumatic valve; 3, isolation heat storage mechanism; 301, partition cover; 302, partition support frame; 303, heat insulation layer; 304, monomer splicing ring; 305, high temperature area; 306, low temperature area; 307, heat storage body; 4, cracker; 5, reflux cracking mechanism; 501, cracking installation shell; 502, input installation cover; 503, exhaust end; 504, reflux output pipe; 505, outer layer waste heat isolation cover; 506, inner layer waste heat isolation cover; 507, waste heat guiding spiral strip; 508, blocking gate; 509, sealed air guide seat; 6, flow splitting and temperature increasing mechanism; 601, hot air input pipe; 602, hot air splitting box; 603, hot air reversing pipe; 604, hot air guiding pipe; 605, hot air guiding spiral strip; 7, hot air circulation pipeline. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a highly efficient and energy-saving polymer cracking system, including a hot blast stove 1 and a cracker 4. A hot air circulation pipeline 7 is installed between the hot blast stove 1 and the cracker 4. The hot blast stove 1 is composed of a combustion ventilation mechanism 2 and an isolation heat storage mechanism 3. The isolation heat storage mechanism 3 is located inside the combustion ventilation mechanism 2. The cracker 4 is composed of a reflux cracking mechanism 5 and a shunt temperature increasing mechanism 6. The shunt temperature increasing mechanism 6 is located inside the reflux cracking mechanism 5. By using the cracker 4 to perform two spiral transports on the hot air required for the polymer cracking process, it can promote the uniform distribution of temperature, improve the heat transfer efficiency, and facilitate the utilization of waste heat, thereby improving the energy-saving effect of the hot blast stove 1.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the isolation heat storage mechanism 3 includes a partition cover 301. A heat insulation layer 303 is installed inside the partition cover 301. The partition cover 301 and the heat insulation layer 303 are fixedly connected by a plurality of partition support frames 302. A plurality of monomer splicing rings 304 are fixedly installed inside the heat insulation layer 303. The inner sides of the plurality of monomer splicing rings 304 form a combustion chamber. A high-temperature area 305 and a low-temperature area 306 are provided inside the combustion chamber. The temperature in the high-temperature area 305 is 1000 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in the low-temperature area 306 is 700 degrees Celsius. A heat storage body 307 is installed between the high-temperature area 305 and the low-temperature area 306. The high-temperature area 305 is located between the burner 201 and the heat storage body 307. The plurality of monomer splicing rings 304 are linearly arranged along the axis of the heat storage body 307. The heat storage body 307 is fixedly connected to the monomer splicing rings 304. Through a plurality of through holes arranged in an array on the surface of the heat storage body 307, harmful gases can be fully burned, realizing precise control of the temperature of the hot air output by the first hot air delivery pipe 207 and ensuring the efficient progress of the cracking process.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , the combustion ventilation mechanism 2 includes a hot air housing 202. The hot air housing 202 is fixedly connected to the partition cover 301. A burner 201 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hot air housing 202. Injection spray guns 203 are fixedly installed on both sides of the burner 201. The bottom ends of the two injection spray guns 203 penetrate through the hot air housing 202 and are inserted into the interior of the combustion chamber. A reflux box 205 is fixedly installed on one side of the hot air housing 202. A reflux fan 204 is fixedly installed on the rear end face of the reflux box 205. A reflux input pipe 206 is fixedly installed at the front end of the reflux box 205. The reflux input pipe 206 is connected to the combustion chamber through the reflux box 205, enabling the reflux fan 204 to reflux the cracked hot air into the combustion chamber through the reflux input pipe 206 under the support of the reflux box 205, which can further improve the utilization of the waste heat in the hot air;

[0034] At the front end of the hot air housing 202, a first hot air delivery pipe 207 is fixedly installed. The rear end of the first hot air delivery pipe 207 penetrates through the hot air housing 202 and is inserted into the inner side of the combustion chamber. The first hot air delivery pipe 207 is connected in communication with the low-temperature zone 306. On one side of the first hot air delivery pipe 207, a second hot air delivery pipe 208 is fixedly installed. The hot air circulation pipeline 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second hot air delivery pipe 208. At the rear end of the hot air circulation pipeline 7, there are multiple cracking interfaces. The second hot air delivery pipe 208 and the multiple cracking interfaces are connected in communication through the hot air circulation pipeline 7. Through the cracking interfaces, multiple cracker 4 can be connected, so that the hot blast stove 1 can supply hot air to multiple cracker 4 synchronously through the hot air circulation pipeline 7, realizing the cracking operation of multiple cracker 4 on polymer materials synchronously;

[0035] On the other side of the first hot air delivery pipe 207, a cold air input pipe 209 is fixedly installed. The cold air input pipe 209 and the second hot air delivery pipe 208 are connected in communication through the first hot air delivery pipe 207. At the end of the cold air input pipe 209 away from the first hot air delivery pipe 207, a cold air delivery fan 210 is fixedly installed. At the output ends of the reflux fan 204 and the cold air delivery fan 210, blades are fixedly provided. Pneumatic valves 211 are fixedly provided between the reflux tank 205 and the reflux input pipe 206, between the first hot air delivery pipe 207 and the second hot air delivery pipe 208, and between the cold air input pipe 209 and the cold air delivery fan 210, so that the cold air delivery fan 210 inputs cold air through the cold air input pipe 209, the first hot air delivery pipe 207, the hot air input pipe 601 and the hot air distribution box 602, realizing the rapid and stable temperature reduction operation of the cracking chamber.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 6 to 9 , the reflux cracking mechanism 5 includes an outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505. Inside the outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505, an inner layer waste heat isolation cover 506 is installed. Inside the inner layer waste heat isolation cover 506, there is a cracking chamber. On the outer side of the outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505, a cracking installation shell 501 is fixedly installed. On one side of the outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505, a reflux output pipe 504 is fixedly installed. The front end of the reflux output pipe 504 penetrates through the cracking installation shell 501 and is inserted between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover 506. The temperature inside the reflux output pipe 504 is 330 degrees Celsius. Between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover 506, multiple waste heat guiding spiral strips 507 are fixedly installed. The outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover 506 are fixedly connected through multiple waste heat guiding spiral strips 507. The reflux input pipe 206 and the reflux output pipe 504 are connected in communication through the hot air circulation pipeline 7. The outer layer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover 506 can further utilize the waste heat of the hot air through multiple waste heat guiding spiral strips 507, reducing the phenomenon of local overheating or cold spots in the cracking chamber and ensuring a more uniform heating process;

[0037] A plurality of exhaust ends 503 are fixedly installed between the cracking installation shell 501 and the outer waste heat isolation cover 505. The bottom ends of the exhaust ends 503 sequentially penetrate through the cracking installation shell 501, the outer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner waste heat isolation cover 506 and are inserted into the inside of the cracking chamber. An input installation cover 502 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cracking installation shell 501. A plugging gate plate 508 is installed at the front end of the cracking installation shell 501. A sealing air guide seat 509 is fixedly installed between the input installation cover 502 and the inner waste heat isolation cover 506. The sealing air guide seat 509 is connected in a through manner between the outer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner waste heat isolation cover 506. The air is collected through the sealing air guide seat 509 and then shunted again to the inside of the outer waste heat isolation cover 505 and the inner waste heat isolation cover 506.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 Figure, the shunt temperature increasing mechanism 6 includes a hot air input pipe 601. The front end of the first hot air delivery pipe 207 is fixedly connected to the hot air input pipe 601. One end of the hot air input pipe 601 is fixedly installed with a hot air shunt box 602. The first hot air delivery pipe 207 is fixedly connected to the hot air shunt box 602 through the hot air input pipe 601. The input installation cover 502 is fixedly connected to the hot air shunt box 602. One end of the hot air shunt box 602 is fixedly installed with a plurality of hot air guide pipes 604. The hot air shunt box 602 is used to convey hot air and shunt it to the inside of the plurality of hot air guide pipes 604. A hot air reversing pipe 603 is installed on the outer side of the hot air guide pipe 604. The sealing air guide seat 509 is connected in a through manner with the plurality of hot air reversing pipes 603. The cracking installation shell 501 is fixedly connected to the plurality of hot air reversing pipes 603. The hot air guide pipe 604 is coaxial with the hot air reversing pipe 603. The flow direction of the hot air inside the hot air guide pipe 604 is opposite to the flow direction of the hot air between the hot air guide pipe 604 and the hot air reversing pipe 603. A hot air guide spiral strip 605 is provided between the hot air guide pipe 604 and the hot air reversing pipe 603. The hot air guide pipe 604 is fixedly connected to the hot air guide spiral strip 605. The hot air can be reversed through the hot air reversing pipe 603, so that the hot air increases the residence time and contact area during the hot air conveying process under the spiral guiding action of the hot air guide pipe 604, promotes the uniform distribution of temperature, and improves the heat energy transfer efficiency.

[0039] Working principle: When pyrolyzing polymer materials, the polymer materials are placed through the exhaust end 503 inside the pyrolysis chamber provided inside the inner heat insulation cover 506. After the power is turned on, the burner 201 can continuously burn under the oxygen supply of the two gas injection spray guns 203, thereby heating the inner side of the combustion chamber formed within the multiple monomer splicing rings 304. A heat storage body 307 is installed in the combustion chamber, enabling the combustion chamber to be divided into a high-temperature zone 305 and a low-temperature zone 306 through the heat storage body 307. Furthermore, the harmful gases can be fully burned through the multiple through holes arranged in an array on the surface of the heat storage body 307, achieving precise control of the hot gas temperature output by the first hot air delivery pipe 207 and ensuring the efficient progress of the pyrolysis process;

[0040] A hot air circulation pipeline 7 is installed between the reflux input pipe 206 and the reflux output pipe 504. The hot air circulation pipeline 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second hot air delivery pipe 208. A plurality of pyrolysis interfaces are provided at the rear end of the hot air circulation pipeline 7, enabling the second hot air delivery pipe 208 to be connected through the hot air circulation pipeline 7 to the plurality of pyrolysis interfaces. Furthermore, the plurality of pyrolyzers 4 can be connected through the pyrolysis interfaces, facilitating the hot blast stove 1 to supply hot air to the plurality of pyrolyzers 4 synchronously through the hot air circulation pipeline 7 and realizing the synchronous pyrolysis operation of the polymer materials by the plurality of pyrolyzers 4;

[0041] The hot gas output by the first hot air delivery pipe 207 can be transported into the hot air shunt box 602 through the hot air input pipe 601. Then, the hot air shunt box 602 evenly shunts the hot gas into the plurality of hot air guide pipes 604 under the support of the input mounting cover 502. A hot air guide spiral strip 605 is fixedly installed on the surface of the hot air guide pipe 604, enabling the hot air to undergo primary heat transfer through the hot air guide pipe 604 while the hot air can be reversed through the hot air reversing pipe 603. Furthermore, the hot gas inside the hot air reversing pipe 603 and the hot air flow direction inside the hot air guide pipe 604 are opposite, realizing that the hot gas increases the residence time and contact area during the hot air transportation process under the spiral guiding action of the hot air guide pipe 604, promoting uniform temperature distribution, improving the heat transfer efficiency, and enabling stable static pyrolysis of the polymer materials in the pyrolysis chamber;

[0042] After the hot air reversing pipe 603 utilizes the hot gas, it is collected through the sealed air guide seat 509 and then shunted again to the inner sides of the outer heat insulation cover 505 and the inner heat insulation cover 506. Furthermore, the outer heat insulation cover 505 and the inner heat insulation cover 506 can further utilize the waste heat of the hot air through the plurality of waste heat guide spiral strips 507, reducing the local overheating or cold spot phenomenon in the pyrolysis chamber and ensuring a more uniform heating process.

[0043] After the utilization of the waste heat of the hot gas is completed, the reflux fan 204 is started, so that the reflux fan 204 can sequentially return the cracked hot gas to the combustion chamber through the reflux input pipe 206, the hot air circulation pipeline 7 and the reflux output pipe 504 under the support of the reflux box 205. This can further improve the utilization of the waste heat in the hot gas, facilitate the heat preservation operation of the cracker, improve the heat utilization rate in the hot air, and at the same time facilitate reducing the combustion intensity in the combustion chamber and the usage amount of the combustibles, making it more energy-saving and efficient. After the cracking is completed, the cold air delivery fan 210 is started, so that the cold air delivery fan 210 delivers the external cold air to the inside of the first hot air delivery pipe 207 through the cold air input pipe 209. Then, the first hot air delivery pipe 207 inputs the cold air through the hot air input pipe 601 and the hot air shunt box 602 to achieve the rapid and stable cooling operation of the cracking chamber.

[0044] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. An energy-efficient polymer cracking system, comprising a hot air furnace (1) and a cracker (4), characterized in that: A hot air circulation duct (7) is installed between the hot air furnace (1) and the cracker (4); the hot air furnace (1) is composed of a combustion ventilation mechanism (2) and an isolation heat storage mechanism (3); the isolation heat storage mechanism (3) is located inside the combustion ventilation mechanism (2); the cracker (4) is composed of a reflux cracking mechanism (5) and a shunt temperature increasing mechanism (6); the shunt temperature increasing mechanism (6) is located inside the reflux cracking mechanism (5); the isolation heat storage mechanism (3) includes a partition cover (301); the partition cover (302) is provided with a plurality of partitions. 01) is installed with a thermal insulation layer (303), the partition cover (301) and the thermal insulation layer (303) are fixedly connected via a plurality of partition support frames (302), a plurality of monomer splicing rings (304) are fixedly installed inside the thermal insulation layer (303), the inner sides of the plurality of monomer splicing rings (304) form a combustion chamber, a high temperature zone (305) and a low temperature zone (306) are provided inside the combustion chamber, and a heat storage body (307) is installed between the high temperature zone (305) and the low temperature zone (306); The reflux cracking mechanism (5) comprises an outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505), an inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506) is installed on the inner side of the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505), a plurality of waste heat guide spiral strips (507) are fixedly installed between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505) and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506), a reflux output pipe (504) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505), and the diversion temperature increasing mechanism (6) comprises a hot air input pipe (601), a hot air diversion box (602) is fixedly installed at one end of the hot air input pipe (601), a plurality of hot air guide pipes (604) are fixedly installed at one end of the hot air diversion box (602), a hot air reversing pipe (603) is installed on the outer side of the hot air guide pipe (604), and a hot air guide spiral strip (605) is provided between the hot air guide pipe (604) and the hot air reversing pipe (603).

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The combustion ventilation mechanism (2) comprises a hot air housing (202), the hot air housing (202) being fixedly connected to a partition cover (301), a burner (201) being fixedly mounted at the rear end of the hot air housing (202), gas injection spray guns (203) being fixedly mounted on both sides of the burner (201), a return box (205) being fixedly mounted on one side of the hot air housing (202), a return fan (204) being fixedly mounted on the rear end face of the return box (205), a return inlet pipe (206) being fixedly mounted at the front end of the return box (205), and a first air inlet pipe (206) being fixedly mounted at the front end of the hot air housing (202). A hot air conveying pipe (207), a second hot air conveying pipe (208) is fixedly installed on one side of the first hot air conveying pipe (207), a cold air input pipe (209) is fixedly installed on the other side of the first hot air conveying pipe (207), a cold air conveying fan (210) is fixedly installed on one end of the cold air input pipe (209) away from the first hot air conveying pipe (207), and a pneumatic valve (211) is fixedly installed between the return box (205) and the return input pipe (206), the first hot air conveying pipe (207) and the second hot air conveying pipe (208), and the cold air input pipe (209) and the cold air conveying fan (210).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The reflux cracking mechanism (5) also includes a cracking installation shell (501) fixedly connected to the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505), a plurality of exhaust ports (503) are fixedly installed between the cracking installation shell (501) and the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505), an input installation cover (502) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cracking installation shell (501), a blocking gate (508) is installed at the front end of the cracking installation shell (501), and a sealing air guide seat (509) is fixedly installed between the input installation cover (502) and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506).

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bottom ends of the two gas injection spray guns (203) pass through the hot air shell (202) and are plugged into the interior of the combustion chamber. The reflux input pipe (206) is connected to the combustion chamber through a reflux box (205). The output ends of the reflux fan (204) and the cold air delivery fan (210) are fixedly provided with blades. The reflux input pipe (206) is connected to the reflux output pipe (504) through a hot air circulation pipe (7). The hot air circulation pipe (7) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second hot air delivery pipe (208). The rear end of the hot air circulation pipe (7) is provided with a plurality of cracking interfaces. The second hot air delivery pipe (208) is connected to the plurality of cracking interfaces through the hot air circulation pipe (7).

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cold air input pipe (209) and the second hot air delivery pipe (208) are connected through the first hot air delivery pipe (207); the rear end of the first hot air delivery pipe (207) passes through the hot air shell (202) and is plugged into the inner side of the combustion chamber; the first hot air delivery pipe (207) is connected through the low temperature zone (306); a plurality of the monomer splicing rings (304) are linearly arranged along the axis of the heat storage body (307); the heat storage body (307) and the monomer splicing rings (304) are fixedly connected; the high temperature zone (305) is located between the burner (201) and the heat storage body (307); the temperature in the high temperature zone (305) is 1000 degrees Celsius; and the temperature in the low temperature zone (306) is 700 degrees Celsius.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The front end of the first hot air conveying pipe (207) is fixedly connected to the hot air input pipe (601), the first hot air conveying pipe (207) is fixedly connected to the hot air diversion box (602) via the hot air input pipe (601), the input installation cover (502) is fixedly connected to the hot air diversion box (602), and the hot air diversion box (602) is used to convey hot air and divert it to the inside of multiple hot air guide pipes (604).

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The cracking installation shell (501) is fixedly connected to a plurality of hot air reversing tubes (603), the hot air guide tube (604) is coaxial with the hot air reversing tube (603), the hot air guide tube (604) is fixedly connected to the hot air guide spiral strip (605), the hot air flow direction inside the hot air guide tube (604) is opposite to the hot air flow direction between the hot air guide tube (604) and the hot air reversing tube (603), and the sealed air guide seat (509) is connected to the plurality of hot air reversing tubes (603).

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving polymer cracking system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The sealing air guide seat (509) is connected with the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505) and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506); the front end of the reflux output pipe (504) passes through the cracking installation shell (501) and is plugged between the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505) and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506); the temperature inside the reflux output pipe (504) is 330 degrees Celsius; the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505) and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506) are fixedly connected by a plurality of waste heat guide spiral strips (507); a cracking chamber is provided inside the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506); the bottom end of the exhaust end (503) passes through the cracking installation shell (501), the outer layer waste heat isolation cover (505) and the inner layer waste heat isolation cover (506) in sequence and is plugged into the inner side of the cracking chamber.

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