Hydrogen production reaction device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen production reaction device and method, and relates to the field of hydrogen production, the hydrogen production reaction device comprises a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber and a CO removal chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with a first feed port for hydrocarbon and air to enter the combustion chamber; the reforming chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber; the reforming chamber is provided with a second feed port and a first channel, the reforming chamber can be communicated with the combustion chamber through the first channel, and the second feed port is used for allowing hydrocarbon to enter the reforming chamber; the CO removal chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber; the CO removal chamber is provided with a third feed port, a second channel and a discharge port, the CO removal chamber can be communicated with the reforming chamber through the second channel, and the CO removal chamber is used for reacting CO in a product. Hydrocarbon entering the combustion chamber can sequentially enter the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber to be subjected to reforming reaction for hydrogen production and carbon monoxide removal respectively. According to the invention, the carbon emission is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption and cost are reduced; the toxic effect of toxic byproducts on terminal hydrogen utilization equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a hydrogen production reaction device and method. Background Art

[0002] As a clean, efficient and renewable energy source, hydrogen energy has received more and more attention. Although hydrogen energy has great potential, many related technologies are still in the research and development and demonstration stage. In the field of traditional methane hydrogen production technology, there are many problems that need to be solved. First, the structural design of the traditional methane hydrogen production reactor is not reasonable. The tail gas after heating in the catalytic combustion chamber is directly discharged from the outlet of the catalytic combustion chamber to the outside of the reactor. The product in the catalytic combustion chamber is not considered for utilization. More raw materials need to be re-introduced into the reforming reaction chamber, which increases carbon emissions, reduces energy utilization efficiency, increases energy consumption and costs, and the coupling between the reaction chambers is poor, making it difficult to achieve efficient energy transfer and material recycling. Second, there is a lack of effective treatment and recovery mechanisms for toxic byproducts such as CO generated during the reaction, which not only causes a waste of resources, but also has a significant toxic effect on terminal hydrogen equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production reaction device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which is conducive to reducing carbon emissions, improving energy utilization efficiency, realizing efficient energy transfer and material recycling, reducing energy consumption and costs; and reducing the toxic effects of toxic by-products on terminal hydrogen equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a hydrogen production reaction device, comprising a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber and a CO removal chamber, wherein: The combustion chamber is provided with a first feed inlet for supplying hydrocarbons and air into the combustion chamber; The reforming chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber; the reforming chamber is provided with a second feed port and a first channel, the reforming chamber can be connected with the combustion chamber through the first channel, and the second feed port is used for supplying hydrocarbons into the reforming chamber; The CO removal chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber; the CO removal chamber is provided with a third feed port, a second channel and a discharge port, the CO removal chamber can be connected with the reforming chamber through the second channel, and the CO removal chamber is used to remove CO from the reaction products from the reforming chamber.

[0005] Preferably, the first channel is arranged on the side wall of the reforming chamber and extends along the length direction of the reforming chamber. A first air inlet is arranged on the side of the first channel close to the combustion chamber, and a first one-way valve is arranged at the first air inlet. A plurality of first air outlet holes are arranged on the side of the first channel close to the reforming chamber. The reaction products of the combustion chamber can enter the reforming chamber through the first one-way valve and the first air outlet holes of the first channel. The second channel is arranged on the side wall of the CO removal chamber and extends along the length direction of the CO removal chamber. A second air inlet is arranged on the side of the second channel close to the reforming chamber, and a second one-way valve is arranged at the second air inlet. A plurality of second air outlet holes are arranged on the side of the second channel close to the CO removal chamber. The reaction products of the reforming chamber can enter the CO removal chamber through the second one-way valve and the second air outlet holes of the second channel.

[0006] Preferably, the CO removal chamber is arranged inside the reforming chamber.

[0007] Preferably, at least one output pipe is further included. The first feed port includes a first feed port one. The first feed port one, the second feed port, and the third feed port are all at least one. At least one of the combustion chamber, the reforming chamber, and the CO removal chamber is provided with at least one output pipe. The output pipe of the combustion chamber is sleeved inside each first feed port one and extends towards the end of the combustion chamber away from the first feed port one. The output pipe of the reforming chamber is sleeved inside each second feed port and extends towards the end of the reforming chamber away from the second feed port. The output pipe of the CO removal chamber is sleeved inside each third feed port and extends towards the end of the CO removal chamber away from the third feed port. A plurality of air outlet holes are arranged on the side walls of each output pipe.

[0008] Preferably, an ignition device is further included, and the ignition device can cause the hydrocarbon in the combustion chamber and the oxygen in the air in the combustion chamber to undergo a combustion reaction.

[0009] Preferably, an intake main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes are further included. The first feed port further includes a plurality of second feed ports. The intake main pipe is provided with a total feed port. One end of each branch pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the intake main pipe and communicates with the inner cavity of the intake main pipe. The other end of each branch pipe is fixedly connected to one of the second feed ports of the combustion chamber, and each second feed port communicates with one branch pipe.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes a controller, a plurality of flow control devices and a plurality of temperature detection devices. The flow control devices are provided at the first feed port, the main intake pipe and the third feed port, and at least one temperature detection device is provided at each end of the reforming chamber, and one temperature detection device is provided at each end of the CO removal chamber; all the flow control devices and all the temperature detection devices are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes at least one catalyst addition pipe and at least one plug. The combustion chamber, the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber are all fixedly connected and communicated with one end of at least one catalyst addition pipe, and the other end of each catalyst addition pipe is detachably and fixedly connected to a plug.

[0012] This embodiment provides a hydrogen production method based on the hydrogen production reaction device described above, including the following steps: S1. Add hydrocarbons and air into the combustion chamber through the first feed port to cause a catalytic combustion reaction of the hydrocarbons and air in the combustion chamber; use the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction to heat the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber; S2. Make the reaction product of the combustion chamber enter the reforming chamber through the first channel, and add hydrocarbons into the reforming chamber through the second feed port to cause a reforming reaction between the hydrocarbons in the reforming chamber and the reaction product of the combustion chamber to generate hydrogen; S3. Make the reaction product of the reforming chamber enter the CO removal chamber through the second channel, and add water vapor into the CO removal chamber through the third feed port to cause the carbon monoxide in the reaction product of the reforming chamber to react with the water vapor in the CO removal chamber to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

[0013] Preferably, the hydrocarbon is methane; S1 includes: a catalytic combustion reaction occurs between methane in the combustion chamber and oxygen in the air in the combustion chamber to generate carbon dioxide and water; S2 includes: a reforming reaction occurs between methane in the reforming chamber and water in the reforming chamber to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and a reforming reaction occurs between methane in the reforming chamber and carbon dioxide in the reforming chamber to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

[0014] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: The present invention provides a hydrogen production reaction device and method, comprising a reforming chamber and a CO removal chamber. The combustion chamber is provided with a first feed port for feeding hydrocarbons into the combustion chamber; the reforming chamber is arranged inside the combustion chamber; the reforming chamber is provided with a second feed port and a first channel, and the reforming chamber can communicate with the combustion chamber through the first channel, and the second feed port is used for feeding hydrocarbons into the reforming chamber; the CO removal chamber is arranged inside the combustion chamber; the CO removal chamber is provided with a third feed port, a second channel and a discharge port, and the CO removal chamber can communicate with the reforming chamber through the second channel, and the CO removal chamber is used for removing CO from the reaction products from the reforming chamber.

[0015] The first feed port is used for feeding hydrocarbons and air to carry out a combustion reaction in the combustion chamber, generating carbon dioxide and water, and generating heat to heat the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber. The carbon dioxide and water generated by the combustion chamber enter the reforming chamber through the first channel, and react with the hydrocarbons entering the reforming chamber through the second feed port to generate a large amount of hydrogen, and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are generated concomitantly; all gas components in the reforming chamber enter the CO removal chamber through the second channel, and the carbon monoxide in the gas components is removed in the CO removal chamber. In the present invention, the hydrocarbons entering the combustion chamber can sequentially enter the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber, respectively carry out reforming reaction for hydrogen production and carbon monoxide removal, and the final product is discharged from the discharge port for subsequent collection, treatment or use of hydrogen. The present invention realizes the full utilization of the products in the combustion chamber, reduces the input amount of raw materials in the reforming chamber, thereby facilitating the reduction of carbon emissions, improving the energy utilization efficiency, realizing efficient energy transfer and material recycling utilization, reducing energy consumption and cost; at the same time, the carbon monoxide is removed, reducing the poisoning effect of the toxic by-products on the terminal hydrogen-using equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Structural schematic of the hydrogen production reaction device provided in Embodiment 1 Figure 1 ; Figure 2 For Figure 1 the enlarged view of A in Figure 3 Structural schematic of the hydrogen production reaction device provided in Embodiment 1 Figure 2 ; In the figure: 100, hydrogen production reaction device; 1, combustion chamber; 101, first feed inlet; 102, second feed inlet; 2, reforming chamber; 201, second feed inlet; 202, first channel; 203, first one-way valve; 204, first gas outlet orifice; 3, CO removal chamber; 301, third feed inlet; 302, second channel; 303, outlet; 304, second one-way valve; 305, second gas outlet orifice; 4, output pipe; 401, gas outlet; 5, intake main pipe; 501, total feed inlet; 6, gas distribution pipe; 7, catalyst addition pipe; 8, plug; 9, ignition device. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production reaction device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which is beneficial to reducing carbon emissions, improving energy utilization efficiency, realizing efficient energy transfer and material recycling utilization, reducing energy consumption and costs; reducing the poisoning effect of toxic by-products on end-use hydrogen equipment.

[0020] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0021] Embodiment 1 As Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a hydrogen production reaction device 100, which includes a combustion chamber 1, a reforming chamber 2, and a CO removal chamber 3, where: The combustion chamber 1 is provided with a first feed port for hydrocarbons and air to enter; The reforming chamber 2 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 1; The reforming chamber 2 is provided with a second feed port 201 and a first channel 202, and the reforming chamber 2 can communicate with the combustion chamber 1 through the first channel 202; The CO removal chamber 3 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 1; The CO removal chamber 3 is provided with a third feed port 301, a second channel 302, and a discharge port 303, and the CO removal chamber 3 can communicate with the reforming chamber 2 through the second channel 302. The CO removal chamber 3 is used to remove CO from the reaction products coming from the reforming chamber 2. The first feed port is used for hydrocarbons and air to enter, so as to carry out a combustion reaction in the combustion chamber 1, generate carbon dioxide and water, and generate heat to heat the reforming chamber 2 and the CO removal chamber 3. The carbon dioxide and water generated by the combustion chamber 1 enter the reforming chamber 2 and react with the hydrocarbons entering the reforming chamber 2 through the second feed port 201 to generate a large amount of hydrogen, and generate carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide; All gas components in the reforming chamber 2 enter the CO removal chamber 3, and the carbon monoxide in the gas components is removed by the CO removal chamber 3. In this embodiment, the hydrocarbons entering the combustion chamber 1 can sequentially enter the reforming chamber 2 and the CO removal chamber 3, respectively participate in the reforming reaction for hydrogen production and carbon monoxide removal. The final product is discharged from the discharge port 303 for subsequent collection, treatment, or use of hydrogen. This embodiment realizes the full utilization of the products in the combustion chamber, reduces the input amount of raw materials in the reforming chamber 2, which is conducive to reducing carbon emissions, improving energy utilization efficiency, realizing efficient energy transfer and material recycling utilization, reducing energy consumption and costs; At the same time, the CO is removed, reducing the poisoning effect of toxic by-products on the end-use hydrogen equipment.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first channel 202 is arranged on the side wall of the reforming chamber 2 and extends along the length direction of the reforming chamber 2. A first air inlet is arranged on the side of the first channel 202 close to the combustion chamber 1, and a first one-way valve 203 is arranged at the first air inlet. A plurality of first air outlet holes 204 are arranged on the side of the first channel 202 close to the reforming chamber 2. The reaction products of the combustion chamber 1 can enter the reforming chamber 2 through the first one-way valve 203 and each first air outlet hole 204 of the first channel 202. The first one-way valve 203 is used to control the one-way flow of gas, preventing the gas in the reforming chamber 2 from flowing back into the combustion chamber 1. The first air outlet holes 204 can evenly disperse the reactants in the combustion chamber 1 in the reforming chamber, making the reaction in the reforming chamber 2 more sufficient and stable.

[0023] In this embodiment, the CO removal chamber 3 is arranged inside the reforming chamber 2.

[0024] In this embodiment, the second channel 302 is disposed on the side wall of the CO removal chamber 3 and extends along the length direction of the CO removal chamber 3. A second air inlet is provided on the side of the second channel 302 close to the reforming chamber 2, and a second one-way valve 304 is provided at the second air inlet. A plurality of second air outlet holes 305 are provided on the side of the second channel 302 close to the CO removal chamber 3. The reaction products of the reforming chamber 2 can enter the reforming chamber 2 through the second one-way valve 304 and the respective second air outlet holes 305 of the second channel 302. The second one-way valve 304 is used to control the unidirectional flow of gas and prevent the gas in the CO removal chamber 3 from flowing back into the reforming chamber 2. The second air outlet holes 305 can evenly disperse the reactants in the reforming chamber 2 in the CO removal chamber 3, making the reaction in the CO removal chamber 3 more sufficient and stable.

[0025] In this embodiment, it further includes at least one output pipe 4. The first feed port includes feed port one 101. The feed port one 101, the second feed port 201, and the third feed port 301 are all at least one. At least one of the combustion chamber 1, the reforming chamber 2, and the CO removal chamber 3 is provided with at least one output pipe 4. The output pipe 4 of the combustion chamber 1 is sleeved in each feed port one 101 and extends towards the end of the combustion chamber 1 away from the feed port one 101. The output pipe 4 of the reforming chamber 2 is sleeved in each second feed port 201 and extends towards the end of the reforming chamber 2 away from the second feed port 201. The output pipe 4 of the CO removal chamber 3 is sleeved in each third feed port 301 and extends towards the end of the CO removal chamber 3 away from the third feed port 301. A plurality of air outlet holes 401 are provided on the side wall of each output pipe 4. Reaction raw materials such as methane enter the corresponding reaction chamber through the plurality of air outlet holes 401 of the output pipe 4, improving the uniformity of the distribution of the reaction raw materials in the corresponding reaction chamber and ensuring that the reactions in the combustion chamber 1, the reforming chamber 2, and the CO removal chamber 3 can proceed efficiently and stably.

[0026] In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 1, the reforming chamber 2, and the CO removal chamber 3 are all provided with one output pipe 4.

[0027] In this embodiment, an ignition device 9 is further included. The ignition device 9 can cause a combustion reaction between the hydrocarbons in the combustion chamber 1 and the oxygen in the air in the combustion chamber 1. As a preferred embodiment, the ignition device 9 is an electric heating ignition device 9. The ignition device 9 is disposed in the combustion chamber 1 and at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1. The ignition device 9 is used to provide ignition energy for the mixture of hydrocarbons and air in the combustion chamber 1 at the initial stage of the reaction to initiate the catalytic combustion reaction in the combustion chamber 1. Specifically: start the ignition device 9 disposed at the combustion chamber 1, and then add hydrocarbons and air into the combustion chamber 1 through the first feed port, so that the hydrocarbons and the oxygen in the air undergo a catalytic combustion reaction on the surface of the catalyst, generating carbon dioxide and water and releasing a large amount of heat; when the temperature at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1 reaches 400 °C, the catalytic combustion reaction proceeds stably and the heat generated is sufficient to maintain its continuous combustion, and the ignition device 9 stops working.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, a temperature detection device is disposed at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1. The temperature detection device is signal-connected to the ignition device 9. When the temperature detection device monitors that the temperature at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1 reaches the set temperature, the ignition device 9 automatically stops working. The ignition device 9 only works in the initial stage of the reaction, consuming a small amount of electric energy. When the catalytic combustion reaction starts to release heat and keeps the temperature of the combustion chamber 1 at the self-sustaining temperature, the ignition device 9 automatically stops and switches to continuous operation relying on the heat of the combustion reaction itself.

[0029] In this embodiment, an intake main pipe 5 and a plurality of branch pipes 6 are further included. The first feed port further includes a plurality of second feed ports 102. The intake main pipe 5 is provided with a total feed port 501. One end of each branch pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the intake main pipe 5 and communicates with the inner cavity of the intake main pipe 5. The other end of each branch pipe 6 is fixedly connected to a second feed port 102 of the combustion chamber 1. Each second feed port 102 communicates with a branch pipe 6. The total feed port 501 is used for air to enter and enter the combustion chamber 1 through each branch pipe 6. Through the shunt function of the branch pipes 6, the uniformity of the air entering the combustion chamber 1 is improved, which helps the reaction raw materials in the combustion chamber 1 to react fully with oxygen.

[0030] In this embodiment, it further includes a controller, a plurality of flow control devices and a plurality of temperature detection devices. Flow control devices are provided at the first feed inlet 101, the main intake pipe 5 and the third feed inlet 301. At least one temperature detection device is provided at each end of the reforming chamber 2, and one temperature detection device is provided at each end of the CO removal chamber 3; preferably, a plurality of temperature detection devices are arranged in the reforming chamber 2 along the extension direction parallel to the corresponding output pipe, and a plurality of temperature detection devices are arranged in the CO removal chamber 3 along the extension direction parallel to the corresponding output pipe; all the flow control devices and all the temperature detection devices are communicatively connected to the controller. Due to the temperature gradient of heat conduction in the combustion chamber 1, the inlet area of the reforming chamber 2 is coupled to the high-temperature part corresponding to catalytic combustion (the inlet end of the combustion chamber 1), and the end area of the reforming chamber 2 is coupled to the relatively low-temperature part corresponding to catalytic combustion (the end of the combustion chamber 1). The temperature distribution form of the reforming chamber 2 also decreases in a gradient along the flow direction of the reforming stream; each temperature detection device collects the temperature data at the installation position of each temperature detection device in real time and feeds it back to the controller. The controller is preset with a preset temperature range at the front end of the reforming (preferably 700-800 °C) and a preset temperature range at the end of the reforming (preferably 580-640 °C). When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the front end of the reforming chamber 2 received by the controller is lower than the minimum value of the preset temperature range at the front end of the reforming, and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the end of the reforming chamber 2 is lower than the minimum value of the preset temperature range at the end of the reforming, the controller increases the intake air volume at the corresponding positions through the flow control device at the first feed inlet 101 and the flow control device at the main intake pipe 5; when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the front end of the reforming chamber 2 received by the controller is higher than the maximum value of the preset temperature range at the front end of the reforming, and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the end of the reforming chamber 2 is higher than the maximum value of the preset temperature range at the end of the reforming, the controller reduces the intake air volume at the corresponding positions through the flow control device at the first feed inlet 101 and the flow control device at the main intake pipe 5; to maintain the stability of the temperature field in the reforming chamber 2. It should be noted that the adjustment of the intake air volume of the flow control device at the first feed inlet 101 and the flow control device at the main intake pipe 5 needs to be adjusted proportionally, so that the intake air volumes at the two places always remain within the preset ratio. By reasonably setting the lengths of the combustion chamber 1 and the reforming chamber 2 or by setting different heat insulation structures at different positions in the reforming chamber 2, when the temperature at the front end of the reforming chamber 2 is within the preset temperature range at the front end of the reforming, the temperature at the end of the reforming chamber 2 can be within the preset temperature range at the end of the reforming. The temperature at the front end of the reforming chamber 2 is controlled at 700-800 °C to meet the heat demand of the dry reforming (high-temperature endothermic) reaction, and the temperature at the end of the reforming chamber 2 is controlled at 580-640 °C to meet the heat demand of the wet reforming (medium-temperature endothermic).The CO removal chamber 3 removes CO through the water-gas shift reaction (reaction of CO with water). The water vapor entering at the third feed port 301 can directly couple and cool the high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas from the reforming chamber 2. When the temperature detected by the temperature detection device at the third feed port 301 is lower than the minimum value of the preset removal temperature range of the controller, the controller reduces the intake amount of water vapor through the flow control device at the third feed port 301. When the temperature detected by the temperature detection device at the third feed port 301 is higher than the maximum value of the preset removal temperature range of the controller, the controller increases the intake amount of water vapor through the flow control device at the third feed port 301. The controller controls the intake flow rate of water vapor to cool the high-temperature gas from the reforming chamber 2 to 200 - 250 °C. At the same time, since the water-gas shift reaction is an exothermic reaction, by controlling the intake flow rate of water vapor, this exothermic reaction can maintain the temperature of the CO removal chamber 3 in the optimal range of 250 - 400 °C.

[0031] In this embodiment, all temperature detections are carried out by thermocouples for on-line monitoring.

[0032] In this embodiment, it further includes at least one catalyst addition tube 7 and at least one plug 8. The combustion chamber 1, the reforming chamber 2, and the CO removal chamber 3 are all fixedly connected and communicated with one end of at least one catalyst addition tube 7, and the other end of each catalyst addition tube 7 is detachably and fixedly connected with a plug 8. The catalyst addition tube 7 is used to add or replace the catalyst to the combustion chamber 1, the reforming chamber 2, or the CO removal chamber 3. After the addition is completed, the catalyst addition tube 7 is blocked by the plug 8 to prevent catalyst leakage. The catalyst addition tube 7 and the plug 8 are preferably snap-connected. The shape and size of the plug 8 are designed according to the shape and size of the catalyst addition tube 7 to ensure a tight snap fit with the catalyst addition tube 7, and at the same time, it can be conveniently disassembled and installed to facilitate flexible control of the catalyst addition process.

[0033] As a preferred implementation manner, the reforming chamber 2 is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber 1, and the CO removal chamber 3 is fixedly connected to the reforming chamber 2. The first feed port 101, the second feed port 201, and the third feed port 301 are respectively arranged on one end surface in the length direction of the combustion chamber 1, the reforming chamber 2, and the CO removal chamber 3. An intake control device capable of controlling parameters such as the gas flow rate is arranged on the output pipe 4 to control the intake rate of the raw material. The intake control device is preferably a valve.

[0034] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a hydrogen production method based on the hydrogen production reaction device 100 in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: S1. Add hydrocarbons and air into the combustion chamber 1 through the first feed port to cause a catalytic combustion reaction of the hydrocarbons and air in the combustion chamber 1; use the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction to heat the reforming chamber 2 and the CO removal chamber 3; S2. Let the reaction products of the combustion chamber 1 enter the reforming chamber 2 through the first channel 202, and add hydrocarbons into the reforming chamber 2 through the second feed port 201, so that the hydrocarbons in the reforming chamber 2 react with the reaction products of the combustion chamber 1 to carry out a reforming reaction and generate hydrogen; S3. Let the reaction products of the reforming chamber 2 enter the CO removal chamber 3 through the second channel 302, and add water vapor into the CO removal chamber 3 through the third feed port 301, so that carbon monoxide in the reaction products of the reforming chamber 2 reacts with the water vapor in the CO removal chamber 3 to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The CO removal chamber 3 reduces the content of carbon monoxide and generates more hydrogen, which can better meet the requirements of end - use hydrogen.

[0035] In this embodiment, the hydrocarbon is methane; S1 includes: methane in the combustion chamber 1 and oxygen in the air in the combustion chamber 1 undergo a catalytic combustion reaction to generate carbon dioxide and water, and the chemical equation is: CH 4 +2O 2 →CO 2 +2H 2 O; S2 includes: the reaction products (carbon dioxide and water) in the combustion chamber 1 enter the reforming chamber 2 through the first channel 202, and the methane introduced into the reforming chamber 2 reacts with the water (specifically water vapor) in the reforming chamber 2 to carry out a reforming reaction and generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the chemical equation is: CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 ; The methane in the reforming chamber 2 reacts with the carbon dioxide in the reforming chamber 2 to carry out a reforming reaction (specifically dry reforming reaction) and generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the chemical equation is: CH 4 +CO 2 →2CO+2H 2 , which reasonably utilizes the products in the combustion chamber 1, generates a large amount of hydrogen, reduces carbon emissions, and achieves maximum heat absorption and release coupling and material coupling. S3 includes: the gas components after the reaction in the reforming chamber 2 enter the CO removal chamber 3, and carbon monoxide in the gas discharged from the reforming chamber 2 undergoes a water - gas shift reaction with the newly introduced water vapor to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and the chemical equation is: CO+H 2 O→CO 2 +H 2 .

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, a combustion catalyst is provided in the combustion chamber 1. The introduced methane and air come into contact with each other and undergo a catalytic combustion reaction on the surface of the catalyst. During the hydrogen production process, according to the hydrogen production demand, continuous feeding is carried out in the combustion chamber 1. The controller can control the intake ratio of air and hydrocarbon through the flow control devices at the first feed port 101 and the main intake pipe 5, so as to control the gas ratio of the catalytic combustion reaction, make oxygen fully react, and make the oxygen in excess by 15 - 30% according to the actual process production requirements, ensuring the sufficiency and stability of combustion. A cerium-zirconium-based reforming catalyst is provided in the reforming chamber 2. Even if there is some residual oxygen in the mixed gas entering the reforming chamber 2 from the combustion chamber 1, the cerium-zirconium-based reforming catalyst can effectively absorb the residual oxygen in the reforming chamber 2. Its oxygen storage capacity can not only reduce or avoid the interference of oxygen on the main reaction in the reforming chamber 2; in addition, the residual oxygen can react with some methane to undergo a partial oxidation reaction to release heat, and can provide energy for the reforming chamber 2 in a directly coupled manner. The presence of an appropriate amount of oxygen can play a positive role in the reforming reaction and better improve the system efficiency.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the size of the combustion chamber 1 can also be reasonably set, the addition amount of the combustion catalyst in the combustion chamber 1 can be set, etc., so that the hydrocarbon entering the combustion chamber 1 is completely burned in the combustion chamber 1. It should be noted that in the application of this embodiment, it is not necessary to completely burn the hydrocarbon in the combustion chamber 1. A small amount of hydrocarbon can also be allowed to enter the reforming chamber 2 from the combustion chamber 1, and the hydrocarbon entering the reforming chamber 2 can be used as the reaction raw material for the reforming reaction in the reforming chamber 2, which can utilize the hydrocarbon in the combustion chamber 1 and is beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production capacity of the system.

[0038] This embodiment provides a segmented coupling hydrogen production process. Using the total feed port 501 of the main intake pipe 5 and the first feed port 101 as the inlets for the initial gas, the raw material gas entering therefrom successively undergoes methane catalytic combustion in the combustion chamber 1, methane and steam reforming and methane and carbon dioxide dry reforming in the reforming chamber 2, and water gas shift in the CO removal chamber 3. Through the cooperation of the first channel 202, the second channel 302, the output pipe 4, the gas distribution pipe 6, and the intake control device, etc., key parameters such as the flow rate and distribution of the gas are regulated, jointly constructing an efficient, stable and flexible gas reaction system, enabling the reaction to occur continuously, evenly and stably. By means of segmented reaction, the maximum heat absorption and release coupling and material coupling are achieved, effectively utilizing the carbon dioxide produced by catalytic combustion, reducing carbon emissions, and providing a hydrogen production reactor with a compact structure and reasonable design for the downstream of the technology, with strong practicability.

[0039] In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production reaction device, characterized in that: It includes a combustion chamber, a reforming chamber and a CO removal chamber, wherein: The combustion chamber is provided with a first feed inlet for supplying hydrocarbons and air into the combustion chamber; The reforming chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber; the reforming chamber is provided with a second feed port and a first channel, the reforming chamber can be connected with the combustion chamber through the first channel, and the second feed port is used for supplying hydrocarbons into the reforming chamber; The CO removal chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber; the CO removal chamber is provided with a third feed port, a second channel and a discharge port, the CO removal chamber can be connected with the reforming chamber through the second channel, and the CO removal chamber is used to remove CO from the reaction products from the reforming chamber.

2. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first channel is arranged on the side wall of the reforming chamber and extends along the length direction of the reforming chamber, a first air inlet is arranged on the side of the first channel close to the combustion chamber, a first one-way valve is arranged at the first air inlet, a plurality of first gas outlet holes are arranged on the side of the first channel close to the reforming chamber, and the reaction products of the combustion chamber can enter the reforming chamber through the first one-way valve and each of the first gas outlet holes of the first channel; the second channel is arranged on the side wall of the CO removal chamber and extends along the length direction of the CO removal chamber, a second air inlet is arranged on the side of the second channel close to the reforming chamber, a second one-way valve is arranged at the second air inlet, a plurality of second gas outlet holes are arranged on the side of the second channel close to the CO removal chamber, and the reaction products of the reforming chamber can enter the reforming chamber through the second one-way valve and each of the second gas outlet holes of the second channel.

3. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CO removal chamber is disposed in the reforming chamber.

4. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes at least one output pipe, the first feed port includes feed port 1, the feed port 1, the second feed port and the third feed port are at least one, at least one of the combustion chamber, the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber is provided with at least one output pipe, the output pipe of the combustion chamber is sleeved in each of the feed port 1 and extends to the end of the combustion chamber away from the feed port 1, the output pipe of the reforming chamber is sleeved in each of the second feed ports and extends to the end of the reforming chamber away from the second feed port, the output pipe of the CO removal chamber is sleeved in each of the third feed ports and extends to the end of the CO removal chamber away from the third feed port; a plurality of gas outlets are provided on the side wall of each of the output pipes.

5. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ignition device is also included, which can cause the hydrocarbons in the combustion chamber and the oxygen in the air in the combustion chamber to undergo a combustion reaction.

6. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air intake main pipe and multiple air branch pipes, the first feed port also includes multiple feed port IIs, the air intake main pipe is provided with a total feed port, one end of each of the air branch pipes is fixedly connected to the side wall of the air intake main pipe and communicated with the inner cavity of the air intake main pipe, the other end of each of the air branch pipes is fixedly connected to one of the feed ports II of the combustion chamber, and each of the feed ports II is communicated with one of the air branch pipes.

7. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, multiple flow control devices and multiple temperature detection devices. The flow control devices are arranged at the feed port, the air intake main pipe and the third feed port. At least one temperature detection device is arranged at each of the two ends of the reforming chamber, and one temperature detection device is arranged at each of the two ends of the CO removal chamber. All the flow control devices and all the temperature detection devices are communicatively connected to the controller.

8. The hydrogen production reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes at least one catalyst addition tube and at least one plugging cover. The combustion chamber, the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber are all fixedly connected and communicated with one end of at least one catalyst addition tube, and the other end of each catalyst addition tube is detachably fixedly connected to one of the plugging covers.

9. A method for producing hydrogen based on the hydrogen production reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, adding hydrocarbons and air into the combustion chamber through the first feed port, so that the hydrocarbons and air in the combustion chamber undergo a catalytic combustion reaction; using the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction to heat the reforming chamber and the CO removal chamber; S2, allowing the reaction product of the combustion chamber to enter the reforming chamber through the first channel, adding hydrocarbons into the reforming chamber through the second feed port, so that the hydrocarbons in the reforming chamber and the reaction product of the combustion chamber undergo a reforming reaction to generate hydrogen; S3. Allow the reaction product of the reforming chamber to enter the CO removal chamber through the second channel, add water vapor into the CO removal chamber through the third feed inlet, and allow the carbon monoxide in the reaction product of the reforming chamber to react with the water vapor in the CO removal chamber to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

10. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hydrocarbon is methane; S1 includes: the methane in the combustion chamber and the oxygen in the air in the combustion chamber undergo a catalytic combustion reaction to generate carbon dioxide and water; S2 includes: the methane in the reforming chamber and the water in the reforming chamber undergo a reforming reaction to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the methane in the reforming chamber and the carbon dioxide in the reforming chamber undergo a reforming reaction to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

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