Heat treatment device and process for large free forgings

Abstract

The invention relates to a large free forge piece heat treatment device and technology, and relates to the technical field of forge piece forging. An upper diagonal pre-quenching frame and a lower diagonal pre-quenching frame are arranged at the top of a quenching pool, nozzle sets for inclined jetting are arranged respectively to form a forge piece channel, and the working environment is improved through a two-section type quenching process: in the first stage, diagonal nozzles are adopted to pre-quench a downward forge piece, quenching liquid makes contact with a high-temperature surface and is instantly gasified, and steam is discharged after being treated by an air draft mechanism; and in the second stage, the pre-cooled forge piece is immersed in a quenching pool, and the quenching liquid boiling phenomenon is remarkably reduced. The device is innovatively provided with a slag collecting tank and a crushing system, quenching liquid is recycled through a three-way valve, a bottom nozzle strengthens bottom cooling of a forge piece, and an inclined liquid supplementing pipe promotes cleaning of the tank bottom. According to the process, through staged quenching control, steam directional treatment and a self-cleaning circulating system, liquid splashing caused by bubble breakage is effectively reduced, the working environment is improved, and meanwhile the quenching uniformity and the system stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of forging equipment, and in particular to a large free forging heat treatment device and process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial manufacturing, the performance and quality of forgings have a vital impact on the reliability and safety of various mechanical equipment. Among them, heat treatment is one of the important processes to improve the mechanical properties of forgings, especially the quenching process, which can significantly improve the hardness and strength of metal materials. Traditional quenching methods mainly include water cooling, oil cooling and air cooling. Although these methods are widely used in the processing of various forgings, they generally have some shortcomings.

[0003] The commonly used quenching device usually includes a quenching tank filled with quenching liquid, and the high-temperature forgings are placed in the quenching tank for rapid cooling through a robotic arm or other transmission mechanism. This direct immersion method can quickly reduce the temperature of the forgings in a short time and achieve the required microstructural transformation.

[0004] The above-mentioned related technologies have the following defects: in the actual production process, the high-temperature forgings directly contact and immerse in the quenching liquid, which will cause the quenching liquid to boil and undergo a large amount of gasification process, thereby generating a large number of bubbles that continuously flow to the liquid surface. Eventually, the bubbles burst and cause the quenching liquid to splash everywhere, which has a great impact on the working environment around the quenching pool, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to reduce the impact of bubble bursting during quenching on the working environment around the quenching pool, the present application provides a large free forging heat treatment device and a process thereof.

[0006] A large free forging heat treatment device comprises a quenching pool, an upper diagonal pre-quenching frame and a lower diagonal pre-quenching frame are arranged on the top of the quenching pool relative to each other, the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame is provided with an upper diagonal nozzle, the spray direction of the upper diagonal nozzle is inclined downward, the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame is provided with a lower diagonal nozzle, the spray direction of the lower diagonal nozzle is inclined upward, a channel is provided between the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame for forgings to pass through and finally be placed in the quenching pool, and a steam treatment module is also provided above the quenching pool.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the following effects are achieved: This application divides the quenching process into two stages. The first stage of the quenching process is the process of transporting the forging between the upper diagonal pre-quenching rack and the lower diagonal pre-quenching rack. During this process, the quenching liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the forging by the upper diagonal nozzle and the lower diagonal nozzle to pre-quench the forging. During this process, the forging is cooled in advance, and the quenching liquid sprayed onto the surface of the forging immediately vaporizes after contacting the high-temperature surface of the forging and is finally processed by the steam treatment module. The second stage of the quenching process is that the forging is finally immersed in the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool. Since the temperature of the forging after the first stage of the quenching process has dropped, the reaction degree between the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool and the forging in the second stage of the quenching process is reduced, that is, the degree of vaporization of the quenching liquid in the quenching pool in the second stage of the quenching process is lighter, so the bubbles breaking on the surface of the quenching liquid are relatively few, thereby reducing the impact of bubble breaking during the quenching process on the working environment around the quenching pool.

[0008] Preferably, the upper diagonal pre-quenching rack is provided with a blowing mechanism, the lower diagonal pre-quenching rack is provided with an air extraction mechanism, the air extraction mechanism is connected with a steam treatment pipeline in a communicating way, and the steam treatment pipeline is communicated with the steam treatment module.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the vaporized steam generated during the first stage of the quenching process will be guided to the steam treatment pipeline under the action of the blowing mechanism and the air extraction mechanism, and finally transported to the steam treatment module for centralized treatment. This not only effectively reduces the diffusion of steam in the space around the quenching pool, thereby further improving the working environment and enhancing the safety and hygiene of the working area.

[0010] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the quenching pool is inclined and a slag collection tank is arranged at the bottom. The slag collection tank is connected with a liquid extraction pipeline in a communicating way. The upper diagonal nozzle and the lower diagonal nozzle are supplied with liquid through a liquid spraying pipeline. The liquid spraying pipeline is connected with a liquid spraying pump. The liquid extraction pipeline and the liquid spraying pipeline are connected with a liquid supply pipeline through a three-way valve.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the inner bottom wall of the quenching pool is inclined and a slag collection tank is arranged at the bottom, so that the broken slag and the turbid bottom liquid layer generated during the quenching process can be smoothly collected into the slag collection tank. The liquid extraction pipeline and the liquid spraying pipeline are connected through a three-way valve, and the liquid supply path can be switched when needed. The normal liquid spraying process is that the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the liquid spraying pipeline to directly supply the quenching liquid for the first stage of the quenching process. However, as the second stage of the quenching process progresses, the bottom of the quenching pool is prone to accumulate broken slag and turbid bottom liquid layer. At this time, the liquid extraction pipeline and the liquid spraying pipeline can be connected through the three-way valve regularly to pump out the broken slag and turbid bottom liquid layer at the bottom of the quenching pool for cooling in the first stage of the quenching process. During this process, the broken slag or turbid bottom liquid directly vaporizes after contacting the high-temperature forging and is finally pumped to the steam treatment module along with the steam, thereby realizing the regular cleaning of the bottom of the quenching pool and avoiding the continuous accumulation of debris or suspension at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, a pulverizing device for pulverizing slag is provided inside the liquid extraction pipeline.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the pulverizing device can effectively crush and refine the slag and turbidity accumulated at the bottom of the quenching pool. This design not only prevents the slag from clogging the nozzle during the extraction process, ensures the continuous and stable operation of the system, but also improves the recycling rate of the quenching liquid and reduces the maintenance cost caused by impurity accumulation. It realizes the effective treatment of solid substances suspended or deposited in the quenching liquid, makes the quenching liquid clearer, and improves the reliability and efficiency of the entire heat treatment process.

[0014] Preferably, the pulverizing device includes at least a pair of pulverizing cylinders. Both of the pulverizing cylinders are rotatably connected to the liquid extraction pipeline. A rotating paddle is fixedly arranged inside the pulverizing cylinder, and the rotation directions of the rotating paddles of adjacent pulverizing cylinders are opposite. A pulverizing fence is arranged at the end of the pulverizing cylinder, and the pulverizing fences of adjacent pulverizing cylinders are in contact with each other.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to effectively pulverize and refine the slag in the quenching liquid, ensuring that it is not easily blocked by the nozzle during the subsequent spraying process, and improving the stability and reliability of the system. Specifically: The pulverizing cylinder is rotatably connected to the liquid extraction pipeline, so that when the quenching liquid flows, it can drive the rotating paddle to rotate, and then drive the pulverizing cylinder to rotate.

[0016] The rotation directions of the rotating paddles of adjacent pulverizing cylinders are opposite, ensuring that the adjacent pulverizing fences are in contact with each other and rotate in opposite directions, so as to better cut and grind the flowing slag or viscous liquid.

[0017] The design of the pulverizing fence enhances the cutting effect, improves the refinement degree of the slag and viscous liquid, reduces the risk of nozzle blockage, and improves the continuous operation ability of the entire system.

[0018] Preferably, pulverizing stripes are arranged on the end faces of adjacent pulverizing fences close to each other. The pulverizing stripes are inclined relative to the radial direction, and the inclination directions of the pulverizing stripes on adjacent pulverizing fences are opposite.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the adjacent pulverizing fences rotate in opposite directions, the adjacent pulverizing stripes are in contact with each other and scrape. During this process, several pulverizing stripes can be used to grind the slag or viscous liquid, further improving the refinement effect, reducing the probability of subsequent nozzle blockage, and improving the continuous and stable operation ability of the system.

[0020] Preferably, a bottom nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the quenching pool, and the spraying direction of the bottom nozzle is upward.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, during the first-stage quenching process, the bottom nozzle can spray and cool the bottom of the forging in advance to improve the pre-quenching effect of the bottom of the forging, stably reduce the temperature of the bottom. If the pre-quenching effect of the bottom of the forging is poor, that is, the temperature of the bottom of the forging is relatively high, when the bottom of the forging contacts the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool subsequently, a large number of bubbles will be concentrated at the bottom of the forging. And the path of the bubbles at the bottom of the forging is the longest during the floating process, so the influence degree on the rolling phenomenon of the surface of the quenching liquid is also the largest. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the pre-quenching of the first stage for the bottom of the forging.

[0022] Preferably, a liquid supplement pipeline is connected to the quenching pool, and a section of the liquid supplement pipeline extending into the interior of the quenching pool is inclined towards the bottom of the quenching pool.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a section of the liquid supplement pipeline extending into the interior of the quenching pool is inclined towards the bottom of the quenching pool, so that the flow direction of the quenching liquid during the liquid supplement process is inclined downward, continuously flushing towards the bottom of the quenching pool, promoting the flow of the slag or viscous liquid at the bottom of the quenching pool towards the slag collection tank, avoiding the problem that it is difficult to remove after accumulating at the bottom of the quenching pool for a long time, thereby improving the cleanliness and stability of the system.

[0024] Preferably, a heat exchange pipeline is arranged inside the steam treatment pipeline, and a section of the heat exchange pipeline located inside the steam treatment pipeline is spirally arranged.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral arrangement of the heat exchange pipeline can make full use of the high-temperature environment inside the steam treatment pipeline to achieve efficient heat exchange. On the one hand, the quenching liquid or other media that need to be preheated can be preheated through the heat exchange pipeline, improving the energy utilization rate of the system; on the other hand, the steam inside the heat exchange pipeline will partially cool down or even liquefy after contacting the heat exchange pipeline, which is convenient for subsequent collection and discharge, effectively reducing the impact of the steam on the working environment and enhancing the stability and environmental protection performance of the entire system.

[0026] A heat treatment process for large free forgings divides the quenching process into two stages. The first-stage quenching process is the process of transporting the forging between the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame. During this process, the quenching liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the forging by means of spraying with the upper diagonal nozzle and the lower diagonal nozzle to pre-quench the forging; the second-stage quenching process is that the forging continues to descend and finally immerses in the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, during the first-stage quenching process, the forging is pre-quenched by the upper diagonal nozzles and the lower diagonal nozzles, enabling the quenching liquid to quickly contact the high-temperature surface and vaporize. The formed steam is discharged after being processed by the air extraction mechanism, effectively reducing the liquid splashing caused by the generation and rupture of bubbles and improving the working environment. During the second-stage quenching process, the pre-cooled forging is immersed in the quenching pool. Due to the relatively low temperature, the boiling phenomenon of the quenching liquid is significantly reduced, further reducing the impact of bubble rupture on the surrounding environment. Through staged control of the entire process, the quenching uniformity and the stability of the system are improved.

[0028] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By arranging upper and lower diagonal pre-quenching frames and corresponding inclined nozzle groups at the top of the quenching pool to form a forging channel and adopting a two-stage quenching process, in the first stage, the high-temperature forging moving downward is pre-quenched by the nozzles on the pre-quenching frame, enabling the quenching liquid to quickly vaporize into steam after contacting the high-temperature surface, effectively reducing the initial large-scale generation of bubbles and splashing phenomena, and thus significantly improving the working environment during the quenching process.

[0029] 2. The steam generated during the pre-quenching process is guided to the steam treatment module for centralized treatment through the blowing mechanism and the air extraction mechanism, avoiding environmental pollution caused by the direct discharge of steam into the air and improving the overall environmental protection performance.

[0030] 3. In the second stage, the pre-cooled forging is immersed in the quenching pool. Since the temperature of the forging has decreased, the reaction degree between the quenching liquid in the quenching pool and the forging is reduced, greatly reducing the boiling degree of the quenching liquid and further reducing the splashing phenomenon caused by bubble rupture, improving the overall operation safety and environmental hygiene. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application for showing the connection relationship between the slag collection tank and the three-way valve; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application for showing the connection relationship between the crushing cylinder and the liquid extraction pipeline; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application for showing the connection relationship between the crushing striations and the crushing fence.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Quenching pool; 11. Upper diagonal pre-quenching frame; 111. Upper diagonal nozzle; 12. Lower diagonal pre-quenching frame; 121. Lower diagonal nozzle; 13. Bottom nozzle; 14. Slag collection tank; 15. Liquid supply pipeline; 21. Blowing mechanism; 22. Exhausting mechanism; 23. Steam treatment pipeline; 24. Steam treatment module; 25. Heat exchange pipeline; 3. Liquid spraying pipeline; 31. Liquid spraying pump; 32. Liquid extraction pipeline; 33. Liquid supply pipeline; 34. Three-way valve; 4. Crushing cylinder; 41. Rotating paddle; 42. Crushing fence; 43. Crushing striations. Specific implementation manner

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can completely combine the embodiments of the present invention to obtain other embodiments without creative labor, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] The inventors of the present application found that in the prior art, a commonly used quenching device usually includes a quenching pool for containing quenching liquid, and a high-temperature forging is placed in the quenching pool through a robotic arm or other transmission mechanisms for rapid cooling. This direct immersion method can rapidly reduce the temperature of the forging within a short time and achieve the required microstructure transformation. However, this process is accompanied by a large amount of bubble generation and splashing phenomena, which have a greater negative impact on the surrounding working environment. Specifically, when a high-temperature forging contacts the quenching liquid, a violent boiling reaction will be triggered, generating a large number of bubbles that quickly rise to the liquid surface. When these bubbles burst, they will not only produce noise but also cause the quenching liquid to splash everywhere, increasing the safety risk of operators and possibly polluting the workshop environment.

[0035] In addition, traditional quenching methods face greater challenges when dealing with large free forgings. Due to the large volume of large forgings and the large temperature difference between the surface and the interior, directly immersing them completely in the quenching liquid will further exacerbate the temperature difference between the inside and the outside, resulting in stress concentration and even crack generation. This will not only affect the product quality but also may cause equipment damage and increase the maintenance cost. Therefore, how to effectively control the bubble generation and splashing phenomena while ensuring the quenching quality and efficiency has become a key problem to be solved urgently.

[0036] For this reason, the present application mainly adopts the following heat treatment device and heat treatment process for large free forgings, achieving the effect of effectively reducing the impact of bubble rupture on the working environment around the quenching pool during the quenching process through segmented quenching, while improving the quenching uniformity and system stability.

[0037] The following is a further detailed description of the present application: Refer to Figure 1, an embodiment of the present application discloses a heat treatment device for large free forging parts, which includes a quenching pool 1 placed on the ground. The inner wall of the quenching pool 1 can be made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or Teflon coating to extend the service life and reduce the maintenance frequency. The capacity of the quenching pool 1 should be large enough to accommodate the largest-sized forging parts to be processed. On both sides of the top of the quenching pool 1, an upper diagonal pre-quenching frame 11 and a lower diagonal pre-quenching frame 12 are oppositely arranged. Both the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame 11 and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame 12 are frame structures and can be fixed to the top of the quenching pool 1 by bolts. A passage for the forging parts to pass through is formed between the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame 11 and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame 12.

[0038] The upper diagonal pre-quenching frame 11 is provided with upper diagonal nozzles 111, and the spraying direction of the upper diagonal nozzles 111 is inclined downward. The lower diagonal pre-quenching frame 12 is provided with lower diagonal nozzles 121, and the spraying direction of the lower diagonal nozzles 121 is inclined upward. The upper diagonal nozzles 111 and the lower diagonal nozzles 121 can adopt high-pressure nozzles or atomizing nozzles, and the specific selection can be determined according to actual needs. For example, if a higher cooling rate is required, high-pressure nozzles can be selected; if improving cooling uniformity is desired, atomizing nozzles can be selected. The spraying angles of the upper diagonal nozzles 111 and the lower diagonal nozzles 121 can be adjusted according to the size and shape of the forging parts to make the quenching liquid sprayed onto the surface of the forging parts as evenly distributed as possible. When the forging parts pass through the passage, the first-stage quenching is carried out, and the surface of the forging parts is sprayed from different directions, so as to achieve a more comprehensive pre-quenching effect. The distance between the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame 11 and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame 12 can be adjusted according to the height and length of the forging parts to adapt to forging parts of different specifications.

[0039] The bottom of the quenching pool 1 is also provided with bottom nozzles 13, and the spraying direction of the bottom nozzles 13 is upward. Specifically, the bottom nozzles 13 can be distributed at various positions at the bottom of the quenching pool 1 to ensure that the entire bottom vertical projection area of the forging parts is covered. The spraying direction of the bottom nozzles 13 is upward. During the first-stage quenching process, the bottom nozzles 13 can spray and cool the bottom of the forging parts in advance to improve the pre-quenching effect of the bottom of the forging parts and stably reduce the temperature at the bottom. If the pre-quenching effect of the bottom of the forging parts is poor, that is, the temperature at the bottom of the forging parts is relatively high, when the bottom of the forging parts contacts the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool 1 later, a large number of bubbles will be concentrated at the bottom of the forging parts. The path of the bubbles at the bottom of the forging parts during the floating process is the longest, so the influence on the rolling phenomenon on the surface of the quenching liquid is also the greatest. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the first-stage pre-quenching of the bottom of the forging parts. The spraying water pressure of the bottom nozzles 13 can be adjusted according to the actual situation to achieve the best spraying and cooling effect. The water supply method of the bottom nozzles 13 can share the same liquid supply system with other nozzles, or a separate liquid supply branch can be set up to ensure sufficient water volume and pressure. The material of the bottom nozzles 13 can be selected as wear-resistant materials such as ceramics or cemented carbide to extend the service life.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 , an air blowing mechanism 21 is provided on the upper diagonal pre-quenching rack 11, and an air extraction mechanism 22 is provided on the lower diagonal pre-quenching rack 12. The air extraction mechanism 22 is connected to a steam treatment pipeline 23, and the steam treatment pipeline 23 is finally connected to a steam treatment module 24. Specifically, the air blowing mechanism 21 can adopt a fan or a blower, which is used to blow air onto the surface of the forging to accelerate the evaporation of the quenching liquid and promote the blowing of steam. The air extraction mechanism 22 can adopt an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump, which is used to extract the steam generated during the first-stage quenching process and transport it into the steam treatment pipeline 23. The steam treatment module 24 is mainly used to collect and process the steam generated during the first-stage quenching process to prevent excessive steam from being directly discharged into the environment and causing pollution. The power of the air blowing mechanism 21 and the air extraction mechanism 22 can be adjusted according to actual needs to ensure efficient gas transportation. The diameter and length of the steam treatment pipeline 23 also need to be reasonably designed to ensure the effective transmission of steam. The exhaust port of the steam treatment module 24 should be far away from the working area to avoid secondary pollution.

[0041] A heat exchange pipeline 25 is arranged inside the steam treatment pipeline 23, and a section of the heat exchange pipeline 25 located inside the steam treatment pipeline 23 is spirally arranged. Specifically, the temperature inside the steam treatment pipeline 23 is relatively high, and the heat exchange pipeline 25 can be used flexibly. For example, the replenishing pipeline 15 of the quenching liquid can be connected to the heat exchange pipeline 25 to preheat the quenching liquid using the waste heat of the steam, or other pipelines that need to be preheated can be connected additionally. In addition, the steam inside the heat exchange pipeline 25 will also be cooled to a certain extent after contacting the heat exchange pipeline 25, or the steam can be liquefied directly by passing through cooling water, which is beneficial for collection and discharge.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the inner bottom wall of the quenching pool 1 is inclined, and the bottommost part is concave to form a slag collection tank 14. The quenching pool 1 is connected to a replenishing pipeline 15, and a section of the replenishing pipeline 15 extending into the quenching pool 1 is inclined towards the bottom of the quenching pool 1. Specifically, the function of the replenishing pipeline 15 is to supplement the quenching liquid lost due to evaporation, extraction, or other reasons during the quenching process. A section of the replenishing pipeline 15 extending into the quenching pool 1 is inclined towards the bottom of the quenching pool 1, so that the quenching liquid can flow downward along the inclined plane during the replenishing process, and finally help to push the debris or viscous substances at the bottom of the quenching pool 1 towards the slag collection tank 14, thereby keeping the bottom of the quenching pool 1 clean.

[0043] The upper diagonal nozzle 111 and the lower diagonal nozzle 121 are supplied with liquid through the liquid spraying pipeline 3. The liquid spraying pipeline 3 is connected with a liquid spraying pump 31. The selection of the liquid spraying pump 31 should be based on the required flow rate and pressure to ensure a stable liquid supply capacity for the nozzle to achieve liquid supply. The bottom of the slag collection tank 14 is communicated with a liquid extraction pipeline 32. The liquid extraction pipeline 32 and the liquid spraying pipeline 3 are connected with a liquid supply pipeline 33 through a three-way valve 34. The liquid supply pipeline 33 is used to transport clean quenching liquid. In this embodiment, since the inner bottom wall of the quenching pool 1 is inclined, the accumulated broken slag and turbid liquid will continuously and automatically flow into the slag collection tank 14. Therefore, in this embodiment, the liquid supply mode of the nozzle can actually be switched through the three-way valve 34. The three-way valve 34 can be manually or electrically controlled. When it is necessary to clean the bottom of the quenching pool 1, the liquid extraction pipeline 32 can be communicated with the liquid spraying pipeline 3 by switching the three-way valve 34, and the bottom residue and turbid liquid can be pumped out and sprayed onto the surface of the forging through the liquid spraying pipeline 3 in the first quenching stage to achieve the self-cleaning function. The liquid supply pipeline 33 can draw liquid from the outside or be connected to the quenching liquid in the middle and upper layers of the quenching pool 1 to realize the utilization of the quenching liquid in the quenching pool 1.

[0044] Refer to Figure 3 , a crushing device for crushing, grinding, and chopping the broken slag and viscous liquid is arranged inside the liquid extraction pipeline 32. Specifically, in this embodiment, the crushing device includes a pair of crushing cylinders 4. Both crushing cylinders 4 are rotatably connected to the liquid extraction pipeline 32 through bearings. A rotating paddle 41 is fixedly arranged inside the crushing cylinder 4, and the angles of the rotating paddles 41 of the adjacent crushing cylinders 4 are opposite. Therefore, when the liquid at the bottom of the quenching pool 1 is extracted, the pushing directions of the fluid on the two rotating paddles 41 are opposite, so that the rotating directions of the two crushing cylinders 4 are opposite. Further, the rotating paddle 41 can also adopt a serrated blade, so as to further enhance the crushing effect during rotation.

[0045] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , crushing fences 42 are respectively fixedly arranged at the end parts of the two crushing cylinders 4 close to each other. The crushing fences 42 have a number of water-permeable gaps for the normal flow of the quenching liquid. The crushing fences 42 of the adjacent crushing cylinders 4 are abutted against each other, and the material can be selected as high-strength alloy steel to withstand the wear caused by high-speed rotation. A crushing stripe 43 is integrally formed on the end face of the adjacent crushing fences 42 close to each other. The crushing stripe 43 is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the crushing cylinder 4, and the inclination directions of the crushing stripes 43 on the adjacent crushing fences 42 are opposite. When the adjacent crushing fences 42 rotate in the opposite direction, the adjacent crushing stripes 43 are abutted against each other and scrape, and in this process, a number of crushing stripes 43 can be used to grind the broken slag or viscous liquid to improve the refinement effect.

[0046] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: By performing two-stage quenching on large free-forged parts, that is, in the first stage, pre-quenching the forgings through the upper diagonal nozzles 111 and the lower diagonal nozzles 121, the high-temperature forgings are preliminarily cooled before entering the quenching pool 1, reducing the possibility of bubble generation. In the second stage, the pre-cooled forgings are completely immersed in the quenching pool 1 to further reduce the temperature and achieve an ideal quenching effect. The entire process centrally treats the generated steam through the steam treatment module 24, greatly reducing the splashing phenomenon caused by the bursting of bubbles during quenching, improving the working environment, and enhancing the operation safety and working efficiency.

[0047] In addition, by adding a blowing mechanism 21 and an air extraction mechanism 22, the blowing and collection speed of the steam during the first-stage quenching process can be further increased, reducing the residence time of the steam near the quenching pool 1, thereby more effectively controlling the surrounding air environment of the quenching pool 1. The steam treatment module 24 treats the collected steam, which not only protects the environment but also saves resources and improves the overall performance of the system.

[0048] By setting the inclined bottom wall of the quenching pool 1 and the slag collection tank 14, the broken slag and turbid liquid generated during the quenching process can be effectively collected, preventing them from staying at the bottom of the quenching pool 1 for a long time and affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Combined with the design of the three-way valve 34, the liquid supply mode can be flexibly switched, which can not only meet the normal quenching requirements but also realize the function of periodically and automatically cleaning the bottom of the quenching pool 1 to maintain the efficient operation of the system.

[0049] Furthermore, a crushing device is arranged inside the liquid extraction pipeline 32, which can actively break and refine the broken slag or viscous liquid generated during the quenching process, preventing it from blocking the nozzles or pipelines and ensuring the stable operation of the system. The crushed slag is re-sprayed onto the surface of the forging and finally burned into ashes and taken away by the air for treatment.

[0050] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a heat treatment process for large free-forged parts. The quenching process is divided into two stages. The first-stage quenching process is the process of transporting the forging between the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame 11 and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame 12. During this process, the quenching liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the forging through the upper diagonal nozzles 111 and the lower diagonal nozzles 121 to perform pre-quenching on the forging. The second-stage quenching process is that the forging continues to descend and finally immerses into the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool 1.

[0051] The implementation principle of a heat treatment process for large free-forged parts in an embodiment of this application is as follows: During the first-stage quenching process, the forging is pre-quenched through the upper diagonal nozzles 111 and the lower diagonal nozzles 121, enabling the quenching liquid to quickly contact the high-temperature surface and vaporize. The formed steam is discharged after being processed by the air extraction mechanism 22, effectively reducing liquid splashing caused by the generation and rupture of bubbles and improving the working environment. During the second-stage quenching process, the pre-cooled forging is immersed in the quenching pool 1. Due to the relatively low temperature, the boiling phenomenon of the quenching liquid is significantly reduced, further reducing the impact of bubble rupture on the surrounding environment. The entire process improves the quenching uniformity and the stability of the system through staged control.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application. Without restricting the protection scope of this application based on this, therefore: Any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A large free forging heat treatment device, comprising a quenching tank (1), characterized in that: An upper diagonal pre-quenching frame (11) and a lower diagonal pre-quenching frame (12) are arranged opposite to each other at the top of the quenching pool (1); the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame (11) is provided with an upper diagonal nozzle (111), and the spray direction of the upper diagonal nozzle (111) is arranged obliquely downward; the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame (12) is provided with a lower diagonal nozzle (121), and the spray direction of the lower diagonal nozzle (121) is arranged obliquely upward; a channel is arranged between the upper diagonal pre-quenching frame (11) and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame (12) for forgings to pass through and finally be placed inside the quenching pool (1); and a steam treatment module (24) is also arranged above the quenching pool (1).

2. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper diagonal pre-quenching frame (11) is provided with a blower mechanism (21), and the lower diagonal pre-quenching frame (12) is provided with an exhaust mechanism (22). The exhaust mechanism (22) is connected to a steam processing pipeline (23), and the steam processing pipeline (23) is connected to a steam processing module (24).

3. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the quenching pool (1) is arranged obliquely and a slag collecting groove (14) is arranged at the bottom. The slag collecting groove (14) is connected to a liquid extraction pipeline (32). The upper diagonal nozzle (111) and the lower diagonal nozzle (121) are supplied with liquid through a liquid injection pipeline (3). The liquid injection pipeline (3) is connected to a liquid injection pump (31). The liquid extraction pipeline (32) and the liquid injection pipeline (3) are connected to a liquid supply pipeline (33) through a three-way valve (34).

4. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A crushing device for crushing the slag is arranged inside the liquid extraction pipeline (32).

5. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pulverizing device comprises at least one pair of pulverizing cylinders (4), both pulverizing cylinders (4) are rotatably connected to the liquid extraction pipe (32), rotating blades (41) are fixedly arranged inside the pulverizing cylinders (4), and the rotating blades (41) of adjacent pulverizing cylinders (4) have opposite rotation directions, and pulverizing fences (42) are arranged at the ends of the pulverizing cylinders (4), and the pulverizing fences (42) of adjacent pulverizing cylinders (4) abut against each other.

6. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end surfaces of adjacent pulverizing fences (42) close to each other are provided with pulverizing strips (43), the pulverizing strips (43) are arranged to be inclined relative to the radial direction, and the pulverizing strips (43) on adjacent pulverizing fences (42) are inclined in opposite directions.

7. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom nozzle (13) is arranged at the bottom of the quenching pool (1), and the spraying direction of the bottom nozzle (13) is arranged upward.

8. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quenching pool (1) is connected to a liquid replenishing pipe (15), and a section of the liquid replenishing pipe (15) extending into the interior of the quenching pool (1) is inclined toward the bottom of the quenching pool (1).

9. A large free forging heat treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heat exchange pipe (25) is provided inside the steam processing pipe (23), and the heat exchange pipe (25) is arranged in a spiral manner in a section inside the steam processing pipe (23).

10. A large free forging heat treatment process according to the heat treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The quenching process is divided into two stages. The first stage of the quenching process is the process in which the forging is transported between the upper diagonal pre-quenching rack (11) and the lower diagonal pre-quenching rack (12). During this process, the quenching liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the forging by spraying through the upper diagonal nozzle (111) and the lower diagonal nozzle (121) to pre-quench the forging. The second stage of the quenching process is the process in which the forging continues to descend and is finally immersed in the quenching liquid inside the quenching pool (1).

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