Combined anti-seepage device

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined anti-seepage device which can be arranged on a slope surface for seepage prevention and comprises a grid frame, an anchoring mechanism, a concrete base layer and an anti-seepage plate, the grid frame comprises frame beams and grid holes located between the frame beams, the frame beams are placed on the slope surface, and the anchoring mechanism is arranged on the concrete base layer; the anchoring mechanism is inserted into a slope surface and fixes the frame beam on the slope surface, a water guide pipe extending from top to bottom is arranged in the frame beam, a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water guide pipe are formed in the surface of the frame beam, a pouring groove is formed in the upper surface of the frame beam, and the concrete base layer is poured and fixed in the pouring groove. The concrete base layer is covered with the anti-seepage plate, and the anti-seepage plate and the concrete base layer are bonded and fixed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil and water anti-seepage, and particularly relates to a combined anti-seepage device. Background Art

[0002] Building a water conservancy dam in a karst mountain area faces severe geological challenges. Sedimentary rock layers such as limestone and shale have developed karst caves, dense fissures, and scattered boulders, resulting in a loose mountain structure and complex seepage channels. In such areas, there are seepage problems and a large amount of seepage water. The traditional anti-seepage technology has the following problems: 1. The foundation of the anti-seepage panel is easily affected by dissolution fissures and generates uneven settlement, leading to structural cracking and failure. For example, the construction period of the concrete panel is long and it is easily eroded by the environment; 1. The anchoring and anti-seepage systems are constructed separately. The anchor cables are only used for anti-sliding stability, and the anti-seepage panel needs to be provided with an additional independent support structure, resulting in material waste and insufficient synergy; 3. The means of leakage treatment are single, lacking systematic control of the "seepage - landslide" coupling effect, and it is difficult to cope with the slope instability caused by high water pressure seepage and human activity disturbance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a combined anti-seepage device that is stably and reliably installed, has both drainage and anti-seepage functions, and can achieve long-term and stable protection in a high seepage pressure environment in karst areas.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combined anti-seepage device that can be set on a slope for anti-seepage, including a grid frame, an anchoring mechanism, a concrete base layer, and an anti-seepage panel. The grid frame includes frame beams and grid holes located between the frame beams. The frame beams are placed on the slope. The anchoring mechanism is inserted into the slope and fixes the frame beams on the slope. A water guide pipe extending from top to bottom is provided in the frame beam, and a water inlet and a water outlet communicating with the water guide pipe are provided on the surface of the frame beam. A casting groove is provided on the upper surface of the frame beam, and the concrete base layer is cast and fixed in the casting groove. The anti-seepage panel covers the concrete base layer and is adhesively fixed to the concrete base layer.

[0005] Further, a water collecting corridor is also provided at the bottom of the grid frame, and the water discharged from the water outlet can enter the water collecting corridor.

[0006] Further, the frame beams of the grid frame include a plurality of mutually intersecting transverse beams and longitudinal beams, and the transverse beams and longitudinal beams are fixedly connected at the intersection. A connection hole is provided at the intersection of the transverse beams and longitudinal beams, and the anchoring mechanism passes through the connection hole and presses the grid frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the slope surface is a rock slope surface, and anchor holes are excavated on the slope surface and penetrate into the stable rock stratum in the slope surface. The anchoring mechanism includes a rock bolt and an anchor head. The rock bolt is inserted into the anchor hole and penetrates into the stable rock stratum, and a concrete sealing body for fixing the rock bolt is poured in the anchor hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the anchoring mechanism further includes a cable stayed cable connected to the rock bolt. One end of the cable stayed cable extends into the anchor hole, and the other end is tied to the frame beam.

[0009] Furthermore, shear keys inserted into the concrete base layer are also provided on the frame beams of the grid frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame beams of the grid frame are made of reinforced concrete material.

[0011] Furthermore, the grid frame is composed of a plurality of frame blocks assembled together, and there are expansion gaps between the frame blocks, and elastic materials are filled in the expansion gaps.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the concrete base layer includes micro-expansion concrete and steel fibers.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-seepage plate is a multi-layer composite plate structure, including an anti-seepage bottom layer and an anti-seepage surface layer. The anti-seepage bottom layer is adhesively fixed to the concrete base layer, and silicon carbide aggregate is sprayed on the surface of the anti-seepage surface layer.

[0014] As described above, the combined anti-seepage device involved in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. A collaborative anti-seepage system of "reinforcement - closed water isolation - drainage" is constructed. Through the grid frame, the anchoring mechanism and the concrete base layer, the installation stability of the anti-seepage plate on the slope surface is ensured, and a spacing is maintained with the slope surface. The seepage water inside the anti-seepage plate can be discharged through the grid frame. The entire combined anti-seepage device has both drainage and anti-seepage functions, and can achieve long-term stable protection in the high seepage pressure environment in the karst area.

[0016] 2. It can be used for various geological slope surfaces, especially in the karst mountainous area geology. It can be anchored to the stable rock stratum, with little restriction by the slope terrain. The anti-seepage plate is not prone to uneven settlement and cracking failure problems; and only a small part of the frame beam contacts the slope surface, which is convenient for demolition and can also reduce the impact on the slope ecology.

[0017] 3. The seepage water discharged from the grid frame can be collected and discharged through the water collection corridor, and the seepage volume of the slope surface can be monitored and automatically discharged through the seepage pressure sensor, improving the intelligence of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combined anti-seepage device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram for the installation of the grid frame and water collection corridor in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the grid frame in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor cable in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the concrete base layer and the anti-seepage board in the present invention

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the lap joint of adjacent anti-seepage boards in the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals in the appended drawings

[0026] 1 Slope

[0027] 2 Grid frame

[0028] 21 Frame beam

[0029] 211 Transverse beam

[0030] 212 Longitudinal beam

[0031] 22 Grid hole

[0032] 23 Pouring groove

[0033] 24 Connection hole

[0034] 3 Anchoring mechanism

[0035] 31 Anchor rod

[0036] 311 Free section

[0037] 312 Anchoring section

[0038] 313 Guide section

[0039] 32 Anchor head

[0040] 33 Anchor cable

[0041] 331 Steel strand

[0042] 4 Concrete base layer

[0043] 5 Anti-seepage board

[0044] 51 Anti-seepage bottom layer

[0045] 52 Anti-seepage surface layer

[0046] 6 Water collecting corridor

[0047] 7 Seepage pressure sensor

[0048] 8 Weld seam

[0049] 9 Detection gap Specific implementation manners

[0050] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0051] It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limited conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope under which the present invention can be implemented. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.

[0052] See Figures 1 to 7 , the present invention provides a combined anti-seepage device that can be set on the slope 1 for anti-seepage, including a grid frame 2, an anchoring mechanism 3, a concrete base layer 4, and an anti-seepage plate 5. The grid frame 2 includes frame beams 21 and grid holes 22 located between the frame beams 21. The frame beams 21 are placed on the slope 1, and the anchoring mechanism 3 is inserted into the slope 1 and fixes the frame beams 21 on the slope 1. A water guide pipe (not shown in the drawings) extending from top to bottom is provided in the frame beams 21, and water inlets and outlets communicating with the water guide pipe are provided on the surface of the frame beams 21. Among them, the outlets are preferably at the bottom of the grid frame 2 and are provided in multiple numbers, and water inlets are provided at multiple positions at each height of the grid frame 2. A pouring groove 23 is provided on the upper surface of the frame beams 21, the concrete base layer 4 is poured and fixed in the pouring groove 23, and the anti-seepage plate 5 covers the concrete base layer 4 and is adhesively fixed to the concrete base layer 4.

[0053] The main working principle of the combined anti-seepage device involved in the present invention is as follows: The grid framework 2 and the anchoring mechanism 3 play a role in fixing and supporting. The grid framework 2 is stably fixed on the slope 1 by using the anchoring mechanism 3 to form an anti-sliding skeleton and serve as the installation and support foundation for the anti-seepage plate 5. The concrete base layer 4 is used to fixedly connect the anti-seepage plate 5 and the grid framework 2. The concrete base layer 4 can also play a leveling role. During construction, concrete slurry is poured into the pouring groove 23 of the frame beam 21 on-site and leveled, and then the anti-seepage plate 5 is pasted on the concrete slurry. After the concrete slurry solidifies, it forms the concrete base layer 4 and firmly pastes the anti-seepage plate 5. Its principle is similar to the pasting of porcelain floor tiles. Through the grid framework 2, the anchoring mechanism 3 and the concrete base layer 4, the stable installation of the anti-seepage plate 5 can be realized. The anti-seepage plate 5 does not need to be directly installed on the slope 1 and can be installed on slopes 1 with complex terrains and can be used for the installation of slopes 1 with various geological conditions, especially on the rock slopes 1 in karst mountainous areas. The combined anti-seepage device has multiple anti-seepage capabilities. On the one hand, the anti-seepage plate 5 forms a sealed waterproof structure to achieve the waterproofing of the slope 1. On the other hand, a space will be formed between the anti-seepage plate 5 and the slope 1 (mainly composed of the grid holes 22 of the grid framework 2). When there is seepage water on the slope 1, especially when the amount of seepage water is relatively large, it will be in the space between the anti-seepage plate 5 and the slope 1, enter the water guiding cavity through the water inlet on the frame beam 21, flow downward, and be discharged from the drain outlet and drained to the bottom of the slope 1, so that the seepage water on the slope 1 can be discharged in time, reducing the seepage pressure inside the anti-seepage plate 5 and improving the anti-seepage ability and working stability. The combined anti-seepage device is installed stably and reliably, constructs a collaborative anti-seepage system of "reinforcement - closed water isolation - drainage", has both drainage and anti-seepage functions, and can achieve long-term stable protection in the high seepage pressure environment in the karst area.

[0054] See Figures 1 to 7 , the present invention will be further described below with a specific embodiment:

[0055] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , as a preferred design, the combined anti-seepage device further includes a water collecting corridor 6 arranged at the bottom of the grid framework 2. The water discharged from the drain outlet can enter the water collecting corridor 6 and finally be drained away by the water collecting corridor 6. Preferably, a seepage pressure sensor 7 and an electric valve are also provided in the water collecting corridor 6. The electric valve is used to control the discharge of water in the water collecting corridor 6. The seepage pressure sensor 7 is used to detect the amount of seepage water in the water collecting corridor 6, so as to monitor the seepage situation of the slope 1. When the amount of seepage water reaches the set value, the electric valve can be controlled to open according to the signal of the seepage pressure sensor 7 to drain the water in the water collecting corridor 6 in time.

[0056] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3, As a preferred design, the frame beams 21 of the grid frame 2 include a plurality of transverse beams 211 and longitudinal beams 212 that intersect each other. The transverse beams 211 and the longitudinal beams 212 are preferably perpendicular to each other, and the formed grid holes 22 are square. The transverse beams 211 and the longitudinal beams 212 are fixedly connected at the intersections. Specifically, they can be integrally manufactured or separately manufactured and then fixedly connected by welding or other suitable methods. Connection holes 24 are provided at the intersections of the transverse beams 211 and the longitudinal beams 212. The anchoring mechanism 3 passes through the connection holes 24 and presses against the grid frame 2 to achieve stable installation. Further, the material of the frame beams 21 is reinforced concrete. The transverse beams 211 and the longitudinal beams 212 can be integrally cast on site, so that the frame beams 21 can fit well with the terrain of the slope 1, and the installation is more stable and reliable. And when casting, grooves are reserved in the middle of the transverse beams 211 and the longitudinal beams 212 as casting grooves 23, and pipes made of Φ200mm UPVC (Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride) material are embedded during casting as water conduits. The frame beams 21 made of reinforced concrete material are also more stable and reliable in connection with the concrete base layer 4. In other embodiments, the frame beams 21 can also be made of other materials. For example, they can be made of U-shaped channel steel. The U-shaped cavity in the U-shaped channel steel can form the casting groove 23. In this way, the frame beams 21 can be processed in the workshop and then integrally installed on site.

[0057] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , As a preferred design, the frame beams 21 are also provided with shear keys (not shown in the drawings) inserted into the concrete base layer 4, similar to tenon structures, so as to form a mechanical bite with the concrete base layer 4, which can prevent relative sliding between the two, and further improve the connection stability between the frame beams 21 and the concrete base layer 4. When the area of the grid frame 2 is relatively large, it can be split into multiple frame blocks, which are assembled by multiple frame blocks, and there is a telescopic gap between the frame blocks. The width of the telescopic gap is about 2 cm, and an elastic material (such as asphalt-soaked wooden board) is filled in the telescopic gap, so as to avoid deformation of the grid frame 2 due to thermal expansion and contraction.

[0058] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, As a preferred design, the slope surface 1 is a rock slope surface 1, which generally includes a corrosion zone layer and a stable rock layer located in the corrosion zone layer. During construction, anchor holes are excavated on the slope surface 1, and the anchor holes penetrate into the stable rock layer in the slope surface 1. The anchoring mechanism 3 includes a bolt 31 and an anchor head 32. The bolt 31 is inserted into the anchor hole and penetrates into the stable rock layer, and the depth inserted into the stable rock layer is ≥ 3m. Concrete is poured into the anchor hole to obtain a concrete seal body that fixes the bolt 31. Further, the anchoring mechanism 3 further includes a cable 33 connected to the bolt 31. One end of the cable 33 extends into the anchor hole and is also fixed by the concrete seal body. The other end of the cable 33 is tied to the frame beam 21, thereby further stabilizing the grid frame 2. Among them, the cable 33 is a composite cable composed of multiple steel strands 331, with an outer jacket wrapped around it. The steel strands 331 are twisted by multiple steel wires, and the cable 33 has good structural strength.

[0059] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 , As a preferred design, the bolt 31 includes a free section 311, an anchoring section 312, and a guiding section 313 from outside to inside. The anchoring section 312 and the guiding section 313 are inserted into the slope surface 1. The guiding section 313 is used to guide the bolt 31 to be inserted into the anchor hole and is anti-corrosive with galvanized steel pipes. The anchoring section 312 plays a role in connecting with the rock mass, and its surface is coated with epoxy coal tar pitch for anti-corrosion. The free section 311 extends outside the anchor hole and is used to pass through the frame beam 21 and be fixedly connected to the anchor head 32. The free section 311 is sleeved with a double-layer PE casing for anti-corrosion.

[0060] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 , As a preferred design, the material of the concrete base layer 4 includes C35 slightly expanded concrete and steel fibers. The volume ratio of the steel fibers is about 2%. The required compressive strength is ≥ 35MPa, and the crack self-healing rate is ≥ 85%. When pouring, the formwork is supported and fixed, and it can be well fixedly connected to the grid frame 2.

[0061] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6, As a preferred design, the anti-seepage plate 5 is a multi-layer composite plate structure, including an anti-seepage bottom layer 51 and an anti-seepage surface layer 52. The anti-seepage surface layer 52 is attached to and solidly fixed on the upper surface of the anti-seepage bottom layer 51. The anti-seepage surface layer 52 forms the first waterproof layer. Preferably, an epoxy resin material is used, and the upper surface is sprayed with silicon carbide aggregate. After curing, it is polished to make the surface hardness ≥7H and the anti-erosion flow velocity ≥15m / s. The anti-seepage surface layer 52 is used to form the second waterproof layer. Preferably, an HDPE geomembrane is used, with a thickness of about 1.5mm and a permeability coefficient ≤10-11cm / s. The anti-seepage bottom layer 51 can also be made of waterproof plates of other materials. Preferably, the anti-seepage bottom layer 51 and the anti-seepage surface layer 52 are connected by means of crimping or bonding, etc., and the two maintain good adhesion and sealing to prevent water from seeping into the connection surface. In other embodiments, the anti-seepage plate 5 can also be provided with other material layers between the anti-seepage bottom layer 51 and the anti-seepage surface layer 52 and on the lower side of the anti-seepage bottom layer 51, and the connected layers are firmly bonded to ensure the sealing of the contact surface.

[0062] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 7 , As a preferred design, when the area where the anti-seepage plate 5 needs to be laid is large, a method of splicing and combining multiple anti-seepage plates 5 can be adopted. The edges of two adjacent anti-seepage plates 5 overlap each other, and the width W of the overlap is ≥10cm. The overlap surfaces are connected by hot melt welding to ensure the stability and good sealing of the connection. Preferably, at least two weld seams 8 are used for hot melt welding, and there is a detection gap 9 between the two weld seams 8. After welding, the airtightness of the weld seam 8 can be monitored by introducing air into the detection gap 9, so as to ensure the good sealing between the overlap surfaces and prevent water from seeping in between the overlap surfaces.

[0063] As can be seen from the above, the combined anti-seepage device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. A collaborative anti-seepage system of "reinforcement - closed water isolation - drainage" is constructed. Through the grid frame 2, the anchoring mechanism 3 and the concrete base layer 4, the installation of the anti-seepage plate 5 on the slope 1 is ensured to be stable and keep a distance from the slope 1, and the seepage water inside the anti-seepage plate 5 can be discharged through the grid frame 2. The entire combined anti-seepage device has both drainage and anti-seepage functions, and can achieve long-term stable protection in the high osmotic pressure environment of the karst area.

[0065] 2. It can be used for various geological slopes 1, especially in the karst mountainous area geology. It can be anchored to the stable rock layer, with little limitation by the terrain of the slope 1. The anti-seepage plate 5 is not prone to uneven settlement and cracking failure problems; and only a small part of the frame beam 21 contacts the slope 1, which is convenient for demolition and can also reduce the impact on the ecology of the slope 1.

[0066] 3. The water collecting corridor 6 can collect and discharge the seepage water discharged by the grid frame 2, and the seepage pressure sensor 7 can detect the monitoring and automatic discharge of the seepage water volume on the slope surface 1, improving the intelligence of the system.

[0067] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0068] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined anti-seepage device, which can be arranged on a slope surface (1) for anti-seepage, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grid frame (2), an anchor mechanism (3), a concrete base (4) and an anti-seepage plate (5); the grid frame (2) comprises a frame beam (21) and grid holes (22) located between the frame beams (21); the frame beam (21) is placed on a slope surface (1); the anchor mechanism (3) is inserted into the slope surface (1) and fixes the frame beam (21) on the slope surface (1); a water pipe extending from top to bottom is provided inside the frame beam (21); a water inlet and a water outlet connected to the water pipe are provided on the surface of the frame beam (21); a casting groove (23) is provided on the upper surface of the frame beam (21); the concrete base (4) is cast and fixed in the casting groove (23); and the anti-seepage plate (5) covers the concrete base (4) and is bonded and fixed to the concrete base (4).

2. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a water collection gallery (6) arranged at the bottom of the grid frame (2), and water discharged from the drainage port can enter the water collection gallery (6).

3. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame beam (21) of the grid frame (2) comprises a plurality of mutually intersecting transverse beams (211) and longitudinal beams (212), and the transverse beams (211) and longitudinal beams (212) are fixedly connected at the intersections, and a connecting hole (24) is provided at the intersection of the transverse beams (211) and longitudinal beams (212), and the anchoring mechanism (3) passes through the connecting hole (24) and presses the grid frame (2).

4. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope surface (1) is a rock slope surface (1), and an anchor hole is excavated on the slope surface (1), and the anchor hole penetrates into the stable rock layer in the slope surface (1), the anchoring mechanism (3) comprises an anchor rod (31) and an anchor head (32), the anchor rod (31) is inserted into the anchor hole and penetrates into the stable rock layer, and a concrete sealing body for fixing the anchor rod (31) is poured in the anchor hole.

5. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchoring mechanism (3) further comprises an anchor cable (33) connected to the anchor rod (31); one end of the anchor cable (33) extends into the anchor hole, and the other end is tied to the frame beam (21).

6. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame beam (21) of the grid frame (2) is also provided with a shear key inserted into the concrete base (4).

7. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame beam (21) of the grid frame (2) is made of reinforced concrete material.

8. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid frame (2) is composed of a plurality of frame blocks assembled together, and there are telescopic gaps between the frame blocks, and the telescopic gaps are filled with elastic material.

9. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the concrete base layer (4) includes micro-expansive concrete and steel fibers.

10. The combined anti-seepage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-seepage plate (5) is a multi-layer composite plate structure, comprising an anti-seepage bottom layer (51) and an anti-seepage surface layer (52); the anti-seepage bottom layer (51) is bonded and fixed to the concrete base layer (4); and the surface of the anti-seepage surface layer (52) is sprayed with silicon carbide aggregate.

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