Multi-way valve

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control systems, in particular to a multi-way valve. Comprising an oil inlet and return unit, a tail unit and a plurality of first reversing units located between the tail unit and the oil inlet and return unit, each first reversing unit comprises a first valve body, a first reversing valve cavity is formed in each first valve body, and a first reversing valve element with three position states is slidably installed in each first reversing valve cavity; the first valve body is provided with a first port P communicating with the first reversing valve cavity through a first oil inlet cavity, a first port T communicating with the first reversing valve cavity through a first oil return cavity, a second port T communicating with the first reversing valve cavity through a pressure relief cavity and a second communicating cavity, and a first port A communicating with the first reversing valve cavity through a first cavity A and the first communicating cavity. And a hydraulic lock for controlling connection and disconnection between the first A cavity and the first communicating cavity is arranged between the first A cavity and the first communicating cavity. By means of the structure, the phenomenon of pressure building caused when the first valve body is connected with a single-action executing element can be avoided, and unnecessary waste caused by the fact that hydraulic oil leaks out of the first valve body can also be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control systems, and particularly relates to a multi-way valve. Background Art

[0002] The multi-way valve is a core control component in a hydraulic system, mainly used for the coordinated control of multiple actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors). It realizes the integrated regulation of the flow direction, flow rate, and pressure of hydraulic oil by combining multiple commutation unions and auxiliary valves (such as safety valves, overflow valves, etc.).

[0003] In the prior art, the multi-way valve generally includes an inlet and return oil union, a tail union, and several commutation unions. The several commutation unions are located between the inlet and return oil union and the tail union, and the inlet and return oil union, the tail union, and the several commutation unions are fixed by through-body bolts. The traditional commutation union usually includes an inlet port P, a return port T, a working oil port A, and a port B provided on the valve body. There are also chambers for connecting the above oil ports and a commutation spool for controlling the on-off between the chambers on the valve body. This type of commutation union can usually only be connected to double-acting actuators. When cooperating with a single-acting actuator, if the port B is blocked, when the commutation spool is in the descending position, hydraulic oil will accumulate in the oil chamber near the port B, causing its pressure to be too high, resulting in a pressure-blocking phenomenon and affecting the normal use of the commutation union; if the port B is not blocked, although there will be no pressure-blocking phenomenon, the hydraulic oil will flow out along the port B, causing unnecessary waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-way valve to solve the problems in the prior art that when the commutation union is connected to a single-acting actuator, blocking the port B will cause waste of hydraulic oil, and not blocking the port B will cause a pressure-blocking phenomenon and affect the normal use of the commutation union.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A multi-way valve includes an inlet and return oil union, a tail union, and several first commutation unions located between the tail union and the inlet and return oil union. The first commutation union includes a first valve body. A first commutation valve chamber is provided on the first valve body. A first commutation spool with three position states is slidably installed in the first commutation valve chamber. A first P port communicated with the first commutation valve chamber through a first oil inlet chamber, a first T port communicated with the first commutation valve chamber through a first oil return chamber, a second T port communicated with the first commutation valve chamber through a pressure relief chamber and a second communication chamber, and a first A port communicated with the first commutation valve chamber through a first A chamber and a first communication chamber are provided on the first valve body. A hydraulic lock for controlling the on-off between the first A chamber and the first communication chamber is further provided between the first A chamber and the first communication chamber; When the first reversing valve core is in a neutral position, the first oil inlet chamber, the first oil return chamber, the first connecting chamber and the second connecting chamber are not connected to each other; when the first reversing valve core is in a descending position, the first connecting chamber is connected to the first oil return chamber, and the first oil inlet chamber is connected to the second connecting chamber; when the first reversing valve core is in an ascending position, the first oil inlet chamber is connected to the first connecting chamber.

[0006] Through the above structure, when the first reversing valve core is in the descending position, the oil flowing out of the first P port can flow back to the second T port along the second connecting chamber and the pressure relief chamber, thereby avoiding the accumulation of hydraulic oil causing pressure build-up in the valve chamber of the first reversing valve, affecting the normal use of the multi-way valve, and also avoiding unnecessary waste caused by leakage of hydraulic oil from the first valve body.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic lock comprises a second valve sleeve fixedly mounted on the first valve body, a plurality of fourth through holes communicating with the first A port are arranged on the side wall of the second valve sleeve, a fifth through hole communicating with the first communication cavity is arranged on the inner side of the second valve sleeve, and a one-way valve core capable of blocking the fifth through hole is slidably mounted in the second valve sleeve. The provision of the hydraulic lock can avoid the problem of static settlement that affects the precision of the actuator operation.

[0008] Preferably, a second valve seat is fixedly installed on the side of the second valve sleeve away from the fifth through hole, a second spring is arranged between the second valve seat and the one-way valve core, and a first thrust valve core capable of pushing the one-way valve core in a direction away from the fifth through hole is slidably installed in the first valve body. By setting the second spring, when the one-way valve core is not under pressure, the first spring can always press against the one-way valve core, so that it can block the fifth through hole, thereby realizing the locking of the hydraulic lock.

[0009] Preferably, the first valve body is provided with a first thrust valve cavity, the first thrust valve core is slidably installed in the first thrust valve cavity, the first thrust valve core divides the first thrust valve cavity into two chambers, the chamber close to the hydraulic lock is connected with the fifth through hole and the first connecting cavity, and the chamber away from the hydraulic lock is connected with the second connecting cavity, and the first valve body is also provided with a pressure-maintaining valve for controlling the on-off between the first thrust valve cavity and the pressure relief cavity. Through the setting of the pressure-maintaining valve, the hydraulic oil can be accumulated in the chamber on the right side of the first thrust valve cavity, thereby forming a certain pressure to push the first thrust valve core to unlock the hydraulic lock, and when the pressure in the chamber on the right side of the first thrust valve cavity is too high, the hydraulic oil will flow to the second T port through the pressure-maintaining valve, thereby avoiding the occurrence of pressure holding phenomenon.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure-holding valve includes a first valve sleeve fixedly installed on the first valve body. A third through-hole communicating with the side of the first thrust valve cavity away from the hydraulic lock is provided inside the first valve sleeve, and a first through-hole communicating with the pressure-relief cavity is provided on the side wall of the first valve sleeve. A pressure-holding valve core capable of blocking the second through-hole is further installed inside the first valve sleeve. The opening and closing of the second through-hole are controlled by the pressure-holding valve core, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the pressure-holding valve. The structure is simpler and more convenient to use.

[0011] Preferably, a first valve seat is fixedly installed at one end of the first valve sleeve away from the second through-hole. A first spring is provided between the first valve seat and the pressure-holding valve core. Through the setting of the first spring, the pressure limit of the pressure-holding valve can be set. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil accumulated on the right side of the first thrust valve cavity is greater than the elastic force of the first spring, the hydraulic oil can push the pressure-holding valve core open and thus flow to the second T port.

[0012] Preferably, a first B port is provided on the first valve body, and a first through-hole is provided on the first valve sleeve. The first B port communicates with the first through-hole through a first B cavity; a plugging cover for plugging the first B port is fixedly installed on the first valve body. Through the setting of the plugging cover, it can prevent the hydraulic oil from running out of the first B port, thus causing unnecessary waste.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a plurality of second reversing joints, and the plurality of second reversing joints are located between the oil inlet and return joint and the tail joint; the second reversing joint includes a second valve body, a second reversing valve cavity is provided on the second valve body, and a second reversing valve core with three position states is slidably installed in the second reversing valve cavity. The second valve body is provided with a second P port communicating with the second reversing valve cavity through a second oil inlet cavity, a third T port communicating with the second reversing valve cavity through a third oil return cavity, a fourth T port communicating with the second reversing valve cavity through a fourth oil return cavity, a second A port communicating with the second reversing valve cavity through a second A cavity and a third communicating cavity, and a second B port communicating with the second reversing valve cavity through a second B cavity and a fourth communicating cavity; When the second reversing valve core is in the neutral position, the second oil inlet cavity, the third oil return cavity, the fourth oil return cavity, the third communicating cavity, and the fourth communicating cavity are not connected to each other; when the second reversing valve core is in the lowering position, the third communicating cavity is connected to the third oil return cavity, and the second oil inlet cavity is connected to the fourth communicating cavity; when the second reversing valve core is in the raising position, the second oil inlet cavity is connected to the third communicating cavity, and the fourth communicating cavity is connected to the fourth oil return cavity. Through the setting of the second reversing joint, the multi-way valve in the present invention can be connected to both single-acting actuators and double-acting actuators, thereby increasing the applicability of the device.

[0014] Preferably, a hydraulic lock for controlling the on-off between the second A chamber and the third communication chamber is provided, and a hydraulic lock for controlling the on-off between the second B chamber and the fourth communication chamber is also provided. Through the setting of the hydraulic lock, the occurrence of static settlement phenomenon can also be avoided, which affects the control accuracy of the device.

[0015] Preferably, a second thrust valve chamber is provided on the second valve body. The second thrust valve chamber is located between the two hydraulic locks. A second thrust valve core for unlocking the two hydraulic locks on both sides is slidably installed in the second thrust valve chamber. The second thrust valve core divides the second thrust valve chamber into two independent valve chambers on the left and right. Through the setting of the second thrust valve core, the hydraulic oil can control the second thrust valve core to unlock the hydraulic lock, so that the hydraulic oil at the working oil port can flow back to the T port, thus forming a cycle and avoiding the formation of pressure buildup.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the setting of a pressure-holding valve and a pressure-relief chamber communicated with the second T port, when the multi-way valve in the present invention controls the single-acting actuator to perform a descending action, the hydraulic oil can form a certain pressure on the right side of the first thrust valve core to push the first thrust valve core to unlock the hydraulic lock. When this part of the pressure is too large, it will flow to the second T port along the pressure-holding valve and the pressure-relief chamber, and then return to the fuel tank, thereby avoiding the occurrence of pressure buildup phenomenon, making the device more stable, and also avoiding the internal leakage of hydraulic oil from the first B port, reducing unnecessary waste.

[0017] 2. Through the setting of the second reversing union similar to the first reversing union, it can be installed on the same multi-way valve, that is, the multi-way valve in the present invention can control both single-acting actuators and double-acting actuators, with stronger applicability and more convenient use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a top view of a multi-way valve of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the first reversing union when the first reversing valve core is in the neutral position in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the first reversing union when the first reversing valve core is in the descending position; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the first reversing union when the first reversing valve core is in the ascending position; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the second reversing union when the second reversing valve core is in the neutral position; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the second reversing union when the second reversing valve core is in the descending position; Figure 7It is a sectional view of the second commutation joint when the second commutation spool is in the raised position.

[0019] In the figure: 1 - inlet and return oil joint; 2 - first commutation joint; 3 - second commutation joint; 4 - tail joint; 5 - drive mechanism; 6 - through-body bolt; 7 - hydraulic lock; 200 - first valve body; 201 - first P port; 202 - first T port; 203 - second T port; 204 - first A port; 205 - first B port; 206 - plugging cover; 211 - first oil inlet chamber; 212 - first commutation valve chamber; 213 - first oil return chamber; 214 - second oil return chamber; 215 - first communication chamber; 216 - first B chamber; 217 - first A chamber; 218 - first thrust valve chamber; 219 - second communication chamber; 220 - first commutation spool; 221 - first groove; 222 - second groove; 223 - third groove; 230 - pressure maintaining valve; 231 - first valve sleeve; 232 - first valve seat; 233 - first through hole; 234 - pressure maintaining spool; 235 - first spring; 236 - pressure maintaining valve chamber; 237 - second through hole; 238 - first installation groove; 239 - third through hole; 240 - first thrust spool; 241 - first push rod; 250 - pressure relief chamber; 300 - second valve body; 301 - second P port; 302 - third T port; 303 - fourth T port; 304 - second A port; 305 - second B port; 311 - second oil inlet chamber; 312 - second commutation valve chamber; 313 - third oil return chamber; 314 - fourth oil return chamber; 315 - third communication chamber; 316 - second B chamber; 317 - second A chamber; 318 - second thrust valve chamber; 319 - fourth communication chamber; 320 - second commutation spool; 321 - fourth groove; 322 - fifth groove; 323 - sixth groove; 340 - second thrust spool; 341 - second push rod; 701 - second valve sleeve; 702 - second valve seat; 703 - check valve spool; 704 - second spring; 705 - second installation groove; 706 - fourth through hole; 707 - lock chamber; 708 - fifth through hole. Specific embodiments

[0020] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0022] The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a multi-way valve, including an inlet and return oil connection 1 and a tail connection 4. Between the inlet and return oil connection 1 and the tail connection 4, there are provided several first reversing connections 2 for controlling single-acting actuators and several second reversing connections 3 for controlling double-acting actuators. Among them, the number of the second reversing connections 3 can be zero or multiple. When the number of the second reversing connections 3 is zero, the multi-way valve in the present invention is only connected to single-acting actuators. When the number of the second reversing connections 3 is multiple, the multi-way valve in the present invention can be connected to both single-acting actuators and double-acting actuators. The specific numbers of the second reversing connections 3 and the first reversing connections 2 should be determined according to the actual situation of the actuators.

[0024] The above-mentioned inlet and return oil connection 1 and tail connection 4 belong to conventional prior art. The inlet and return oil connection 1 is mainly connected to the fuel tank, and the tail connection 4 is mainly used for installation. For example, three through-body bolts 6 pass through the inlet and return oil connection 1 to the tail connection 4 and are fixed at the tail connection 4. It is equivalent to the inlet and return oil connection 1 and the tail connection 4 clamping several first reversing connections 2 and second reversing connections 3 in the middle. These structures all belong to the prior art, and those skilled in the art can easily learn them through other patents and textbooks, and they are not the main inventive points of the present invention, so no more details will be described here.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, the first reversing union 2 in the above includes a first valve body 200. A first reversing valve cavity 212 is provided on the first valve body 200. A first reversing valve core 220 that can be driven by a driving mechanism 5 to switch among three position states is slidably installed in the first reversing valve cavity 212. A first P port 201 that communicates with the first reversing valve cavity 212 through a first oil inlet cavity 211, a first T port 202 that communicates with the first reversing valve cavity 212 through a first oil return cavity 213, a second T port 203 that communicates with the first reversing valve cavity 212 through a pressure relief cavity 250 and a second communication cavity 219, and a first A port 204 that communicates with the first reversing valve cavity 212 through a first A cavity 217 and a first communication cavity 215 are provided on the first valve body 200. In order to prevent the static settlement of the actuator when it is stationary, that is, when it is stationary, due to the gravity of the heavy object itself, the hydraulic oil in the actuator is pressed into the first valve body 200. Therefore, a hydraulic lock 7 for controlling the on-off between the first A cavity 217 and the first communication cavity 215 is provided between the first A cavity 217 and the first communication cavity 215.

[0026] The hydraulic lock 7 can be understood as a check valve. When the actuator is in a stationary state, the hydraulic lock 7 is closed, and the hydraulic oil in the actuator cannot flow into the first valve body 200 through the first A port 204, so that the actuator can maintain a stationary stable state.

[0027] The hydraulic lock 7 in the above can also be in the form of a solenoid valve, as long as it can achieve the function of a check valve. In this embodiment, the hydraulic lock 7 includes a second valve sleeve 701 fixedly installed on the first valve body 200. A lock cavity 707 is provided in the second valve sleeve 701. A number of fourth through holes 706 are provided on the side wall of the second valve sleeve 701. The first A cavity 217 communicates with the lock cavity 707 through the fourth through holes 706. A fifth through hole 708 is provided inside the second valve sleeve 701. The first communication cavity 215 can communicate with the lock cavity 707 through the fifth through hole 708. A check valve core 703 that can block the fifth through hole 708 is slidably installed in the second valve sleeve 701.

[0028] When the check valve core 703 blocks the fifth through hole 708, the first communication cavity 215 is not communicated with the first A cavity 217. When the check valve core 703 is away from the fifth through hole 708, the first communication cavity 215 is communicated with the first A cavity 217.

[0029] On the side of the second valve sleeve 701 away from the fifth through hole 708, a second valve seat 702 is fixedly installed. A second spring 704 is provided between the second valve seat 702 and the one-way valve core 703. Specifically, at one end of the one-way valve core 703 close to the second valve seat 702, a second installation groove 705 is provided, and one end of the second spring 704 abuts against the inner wall of the second installation groove 705, and the other end of the second spring 704 abuts against the inner side of the second valve seat 702. A first thrust valve core 240 that can push the one-way valve core 703 in the direction away from the fifth through hole 708 is slidably installed in the first valve body 200.

[0030] There are also many driving methods for the first thrust valve core 240. In this embodiment, the first thrust valve core 240 is mainly driven by hydraulic pressure. Specifically, a first thrust valve cavity 218 is provided on the first valve body 200, and the first thrust valve core 240 is slidably installed in the first thrust valve cavity 218. The first thrust valve core 240 divides the first thrust valve cavity 218 into two independent chambers. The chamber on the left is communicated with the fifth through hole 708 and the first communication cavity 215, and the chamber on the right is communicated with the second communication cavity 219. When it is necessary to push the one-way valve core 703, only need to deliver hydraulic oil to the chamber on the right side of the first thrust valve cavity 218, thereby forming a certain pressure in this chamber, so as to push the first thrust valve core 240 to move leftward to push the one-way valve core 703 and complete the unlocking of the hydraulic lock 7.

[0031] However, if the first communication cavity 215 is directly communicated with the pressure relief cavity 250, the hydraulic oil may directly flow into the second T port 203 along the pressure relief cavity 250, so that no pressure is formed or the pressure is formed slowly in the chamber on the right side of the first thrust valve cavity 218. Therefore, a pressure maintaining valve 230 for controlling the on-off between the first thrust valve cavity 218 and the pressure relief cavity 250 is installed on the first valve body 200.

[0032] In this embodiment, the pressure maintaining valve 230 includes a first valve sleeve 231 fixedly installed on the first valve body 200. A pressure maintaining valve cavity 236 is provided in the first valve sleeve 231. A second through hole 237 is provided on the inner side of the first valve sleeve 231. The right side of the first thrust valve cavity 218 can be communicated with the pressure maintaining valve cavity 236 through the second through hole 237. A third through hole 239 is provided on the side wall of the first valve sleeve 231, and the pressure relief cavity 250 is communicated with the pressure maintaining valve cavity 236 through the third through hole 239. A pressure maintaining valve core 234 capable of blocking the second through hole 237 is also installed in the first valve sleeve 231. Specifically, a first valve seat 232 is fixedly installed at one end of the first valve sleeve 231 away from the second through hole 237. A first installation groove 238 is provided at one end of the pressure maintaining valve core 234 close to the first valve seat 232. One end of a first spring 235 abuts against the inner wall of the first installation groove 238, and the other end of the first spring 235 abuts against the inner side of the first valve seat 232.

[0033] In addition, a first B port 205 is further provided on the first valve body 200. A first through hole 233 is provided on the first valve sleeve 231. The first B port 205 communicates with the first through hole 233 through a first B chamber 216. The first B chamber 216 communicates with a pressure-holding valve chamber 236 through the first through hole 233. In order to prevent hydraulic oil from leaking out from the first B port 205, a plugging cover 206 for plugging the first B port 205 is fixedly installed on the first valve body 200. The above-mentioned first B port 205 and first B chamber 216 are not used when connecting to a single-acting actuator, that is, only the first A port 204 needs to be connected to the single-acting actuator. In the first reversing union 2, the second T port 203 can also be directly communicated with the first reversing valve chamber 212 through a second oil return chamber 214.

[0034] As a further illustration of this embodiment, the first P port 201 is located in the middle of the first oil inlet chamber 211. Both ends of the first oil inlet chamber 211 communicate with the first reversing valve chamber 212. First grooves 221, second grooves 222 and third grooves 223 for communicating each chamber are further provided on the reversing valve rod.

[0035] The working principle of the first reversing union in the present invention is as follows: when the first reversing valve core 220 is in the neutral position, the first oil inlet chamber 211, the first oil return chamber 213, the second oil return chamber 214, the first communication chamber 215 and the second communication chamber 219 are not communicated with each other, and the hydraulic lock 7 and the pressure-holding valve 230 are in the closed state, that is, the first A chamber 217 is not communicated with the first communication chamber 215, and the second communication chamber 219 is not communicated with the pressure relief chamber 250.

[0036] When the first reversing valve core 220 is in the descending position, the first oil inlet chamber 211 communicates with the second communication chamber 219 through the third groove 223, and the first communication chamber 215 communicates with the first oil return chamber 213 through the first groove 221. At this time, the first P port 201 provides hydraulic oil into the first oil inlet chamber 211, and the hydraulic oil will flow along the second communication chamber 219 to the right side of the first thrust valve chamber 218. The oil pressure on the right side of the first thrust valve chamber 218 will push the first thrust valve core 240 to move leftward. First push rods 241 are provided at both ends of the first thrust valve core 240. The first push rods 241 pass through the fifth through hole 708 to push the one-way valve core 703 to the right, so that the first A chamber 217 is also communicated with the first communication chamber 215. The hydraulic oil in the single-acting actuator flows from the first A port 204 along the lock chamber 707 and the first communication chamber 215 to the first T port 202; and as the pressure on the right side of the first thrust valve chamber 218 increases, the hydraulic oil exceeding the maximum limit pressure of the pressure-holding valve 230 will push the pressure-holding valve core 234 open and flow back to the second T port 203 along the pressure relief chamber 250, and then flow back to the fuel tank, avoiding waste and pressure buildup.

[0037] When the first reversing spool 220 is in the raised position, the first oil inlet chamber 211 communicates with the first communication chamber 215 through the first groove 221. At this time, the first P port 201 supplies hydraulic oil into the first oil inlet chamber 211. The hydraulic oil flows along the first communication chamber 215 to the left side of the first thrust valve chamber 218 and pushes open the one-way spool 703, and then flows through the fourth through-hole 706 and the first A port 204 to the single-acting actuator, thereby realizing the control of the actuator to perform the rising operation. During this process, the first thrust spool 240 will also move to the right under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, but this action has no other effects, so it is not considered.

[0038] As Figure 1 、 Figures 5 to 7 shown, the second reversing unit 3 in the present invention includes a second valve body 300. A second reversing valve chamber 312 is provided on the second valve body 300. A second reversing spool 320 that can be driven by a driving mechanism 5 to switch three position states is slidably installed in the second reversing valve chamber 312. A second P port 301 that communicates with the second reversing valve chamber 312 through the second oil inlet chamber 311, a third T port 302 that communicates with the second reversing valve chamber 312 through the third oil return chamber 313, a fourth T port 303 that communicates with the second reversing valve chamber 312 through the fourth oil return chamber 314, a second A port 304 that communicates with the second reversing valve chamber 312 through the second A chamber 317 and the third communication chamber 315, and a second B port 305 that communicates with the second reversing valve chamber 312 through the second B chamber 316 and the fourth communication chamber 319 are provided on the second valve body 300.

[0039] Among them, a fourth groove 321, a fifth groove 322, and a sixth groove 323 for communicating the chambers in the second valve body 300 are provided on the second reversing spool 320.

[0040] Similarly, in order to prevent the occurrence of static settlement phenomenon, a hydraulic lock 7 for controlling the on-off between the second A chamber 317 and the third communication chamber 315 is provided, and a hydraulic lock 7 for controlling the on-off between the second B chamber 316 and the fourth communication chamber 319 is also provided. The two hydraulic locks 7 in the second valve body 300 have the same structure as the hydraulic lock 7 in the first valve body 200. The hydraulic lock 7 on the right is equivalent to replacing the pressure-holding valve 230 in the first reversing unit 2.

[0041] Similarly, in order to control the on-off of the two hydraulic locks 7, a second thrust valve chamber 318 is provided on the second valve body 300. The second thrust valve chamber 318 is located between the two hydraulic locks 7. A second thrust spool 340 for unlocking the two hydraulic locks 7 on both sides is slidably installed in the second thrust valve chamber 318. Second push rods 341 that can pass through the fifth through-hole 708 are fixedly installed at both ends of the second thrust spool 340. The second thrust spool 340 divides the second thrust valve chamber 318 into two independent valve chambers on the left and right.

[0042] The structure of the second commutation unit 3 is basically the same as that of the first commutation unit 2, and the difference lies only in that the position of the pressure-holding valve 230 in the first commutation unit 2 is the hydraulic lock 7 in the second commutation unit 3, there is a pressure-relief cavity 250 in the first commutation unit 2 but not in the second commutation unit 3, the first B port 205 in the first commutation unit 2 is blocked while the second B port 305 in the second commutation unit 3 is in use. Through this subtle structural change, the first commutation unit 2 and the second commutation unit 3 can be installed in the same multi-way valve, that is, the multi-way valve in the present invention can select the number of the first commutation unit 2 or the second commutation unit 3 according to actual needs, and can be applied to different types of actuators, with a wider scope of application.

[0043] The working principle of the second commutation unit 3 in the present invention is as follows: when the second commutation spool 320 is in the neutral position, the second oil inlet cavity 311, the third communication cavity 315, the fourth communication cavity 319, the third oil return cavity 313, and the fourth oil return cavity 314 are not connected to each other, and the actuator is stationary.

[0044] When the second commutation spool 320 is in the lowering position, the second oil inlet cavity 311 is connected to the fourth communication cavity 319, and the third communication cavity 315 is connected to the third oil return cavity 313. At this time, the second P port 301 supplies oil to the second oil inlet cavity 311, and the hydraulic oil flows along the sixth groove 323 and the fourth communication cavity 319 to the right side of the second thrust valve cavity 318. As the hydraulic oil increases, the hydraulic oil will push the second thrust spool 340 to open the one-way spool 703 of the left hydraulic lock 7, and the one-way spool 703 of the right hydraulic lock 7 will be opened under the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil and flow into the double-acting actuator along the second B cavity 316. The hydraulic oil in the other oil cavity of the double-acting actuator will flow from the second A port 304 through the opened hydraulic lock 7, through the third communication cavity 315 and the fourth groove 321, and finally flow into the third T port 302 and return to the fuel tank, thereby controlling the contraction of the actuator.

[0045] When the second commutation spool 320 is in the raising position, the second oil inlet cavity 311 is connected to the third communication cavity 315, and the first communication cavity 215 is connected to the fourth T port 303 through the sixth groove 323. The flow direction of the hydraulic oil is opposite to that when the second commutation spool 320 is in the lowering position, that is, when the second commutation spool 320 is in the raising position, the hydraulic oil supplied by the second P port 301 flows to the second A port 304, and the hydraulic oil in the actuator flows from the second B port 305 to the fourth T port 303. The intermediate process is similar to that in the lowering position, so it is omitted.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and replacements can be made, and these improvements and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-way valve, comprising an oil inlet and return connection (1), a tail connection (4), and a plurality of first reversing connections (2) located between the tail connection (4) and the oil inlet and return connection (1), characterized in that: The first reversing link (2) comprises a first valve body (200), the first valve body (200) being provided with a first reversing valve chamber (212), a first reversing valve core (220) having three position states being slidably mounted in the first reversing valve chamber (212), the first valve body (200) being provided with a first P port (201) communicating with the first reversing valve chamber (212) via a first oil inlet chamber (211), a first T port (202) communicating with the first reversing valve chamber (212) via a first oil return chamber (213), a second T port (203) communicating with the first reversing valve chamber (212) via a pressure relief chamber (250) and a second communicating chamber (219), and a first A port (204) communicating with the first reversing valve chamber (212) via a first A chamber (217) and a first communicating chamber (215), and a hydraulic lock (7) for controlling the connection and disconnection between the first A chamber (217) and the first communicating chamber (215); When the first reversing valve core (220) is in a neutral position, the first oil inlet chamber (211), the first oil return chamber (213), the first communicating chamber (215) and the second communicating chamber (219) are not connected to each other; when the first reversing valve core (220) is in a descending position, the first communicating chamber (215) is connected to the first oil return chamber (213), and the first oil inlet chamber (211) is connected to the second communicating chamber (219); when the first reversing valve core (220) is in an ascending position, the first oil inlet chamber (211) is connected to the first communicating chamber (215).

2. The multi-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic lock (7) comprises a second valve sleeve (701) fixedly mounted on the first valve body (200); a plurality of fourth through holes (706) communicating with the first A port (204) are provided on the side wall of the second valve sleeve (701); a fifth through hole (708) communicating with the first communicating cavity (215) is provided on the inner side of the second valve sleeve (701); and a one-way valve core (703) capable of blocking the fifth through hole (708) is slidably mounted in the second valve sleeve (701).

3. The multi-way valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second valve seat (702) is fixedly installed on the side of the second valve sleeve (701) away from the fifth through hole (708), a second spring (704) is provided between the second valve seat (702) and the one-way valve core (703), and a first thrust valve core (240) capable of pushing the one-way valve core (703) in a direction away from the fifth through hole (708) is slidably installed in the first valve body (200).

4. The multi-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first valve body (200) is provided with a first thrust valve chamber (218), and the first thrust valve core (240) is slidably mounted in the first thrust valve chamber (218). The first thrust valve core (240) divides the first thrust valve chamber (218) into two chambers, the chamber close to the hydraulic lock (7) is connected to the fifth through hole (708) and the first connecting chamber (215), and the chamber away from the hydraulic lock (7) is connected to the second connecting chamber (219). The first valve body (200) is also provided with a pressure-maintaining valve (230) for controlling the on / off between the first thrust valve chamber (218) and the pressure relief chamber (250).

5. The multi-way valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure-retaining valve (230) comprises a first valve sleeve (231) fixedly mounted on a first valve body (200); a second through hole (237) communicating with a first thrust valve chamber (218) away from the hydraulic lock (7) is provided on the inner side of the first valve sleeve (231); a third through hole (239) communicating with a pressure relief chamber (250) is provided on the side wall of the first valve sleeve (231); and a pressure-retaining valve core (234) capable of blocking the second through hole (237) is also installed in the first valve sleeve (231).

6. The multi-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first valve seat (232) is fixedly mounted on one end of the first valve sleeve (231) away from the second through hole (237), and a first spring (235) is provided between the first valve seat (232) and the pressure-maintaining valve core (234).

7. The multi-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first valve body (200) is provided with a first B port (205), the first valve sleeve (231) is provided with a first through hole (233), the first B port (205) is connected to the first through hole (233) via a first B cavity (216); and a blocking cover (206) for blocking the first B port (205) is fixedly mounted on the first valve body (200).

8. The multi-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil pump further comprises a plurality of second reversing links (3), wherein the plurality of second reversing links (3) are located between the oil inlet and return links (1) and the tail link (4); the second reversing link (3) comprises a second valve body (300), the second valve body (300) is provided with a second reversing valve cavity (312), a second reversing valve core (320) having three positions is slidably mounted in the second reversing valve cavity (312), and the second valve body (300) is provided with a second P port (301) communicating with the second reversing valve cavity (312) via the second oil inlet cavity (311). 1), a third T port (302) communicating with the second reversing valve chamber (312) via the third oil return chamber (313), a fourth T port (303) communicating with the second reversing valve chamber (312) via the fourth oil return chamber (314), a second A port (304) communicating with the second reversing valve chamber (312) via the second A chamber (317) and the third communicating chamber (315), and a second B port (305) communicating with the second reversing valve chamber (312) via the second B chamber (316) and the fourth communicating chamber (319); When the second reversing valve core (320) is in a neutral position, the second oil inlet chamber (311), the third oil return chamber (313), the fourth oil return chamber (314), the third connecting chamber (315), and the fourth connecting chamber (319) are not connected to each other; when the second reversing valve core (320) is in a descending position, the third connecting chamber (315) is connected to the third oil return chamber (313), and the second oil inlet chamber (311) is connected to the fourth connecting chamber (319); when the second reversing valve core (320) is in an ascending position, the second oil inlet chamber (311) is connected to the third connecting chamber (315), and the fourth connecting chamber (319) is connected to the fourth oil return chamber (314).

9. The multi-way valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hydraulic lock (7) for controlling the connection between the second A chamber (317) and the third connecting chamber (315) is provided between the two, and a hydraulic lock (7) for controlling the connection between the second B chamber (316) and the fourth connecting chamber (319) is also provided between the two.

10. The multi-way valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second valve body (300) is provided with a second thrust valve chamber (318), the second thrust valve chamber (318) being located between the two hydraulic locks (7), a second thrust valve core (340) for unlocking the hydraulic locks (7) on both sides being slidably mounted in the second thrust valve chamber (318), the second thrust valve core (340) dividing the second thrust valve chamber (318) into two independent left and right valve chambers.

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