Electromagnetic self-locking brake for automatic parking of molten iron tank car and braking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hot metal ladle car automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake and a braking method.The electromagnetic self-locking brake comprises an annular friction plate, an armature and a stator with an electromagnetic coil, the armature and the stator are connected with a mounting plate through mounting screws, and the middle of the mounting plate is connected with the armature, a handle support and a spring through a screw; the spring penetrates out of one electromagnet, the handle end of a handle rod penetrates out of the shell, a push rod is arranged below the handle rod, a top plate is arranged between the electromagnets and the push rod, and the bottom of the top plate is hinged to the mounting plate. When the top plate is in a vertical state, the top of the top plate jacks up one end of the protruding section of the handle support, and one side of the top plate makes contact with the electromagnet. The problems that an existing molten iron tank car cannot be automatically parked, parking is not firm, and potential risks exist can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel production equipment manufacturing, and in particular to an electromagnetic self-locking brake and a braking method for automatic parking of a rail-type hot metal ladle car. Background Art

[0002] The transportation of high-temperature molten metal at the iron-steel interface, as an important material transfer link connecting the front-iron process and the post-steel process in the steel production process, has certain requirements for the safety management of operators. Most enterprises usually use the method of manually inserting iron shoes to park the hot metal ladle car to ensure that the hot metal ladle car does not shake or move when receiving iron under the blast furnace. There is a risk of insecure parking caused by human operation errors, which may lead to production safety accidents. At the same time, when personnel operate under the blast furnace where molten iron splashes, there are also certain potential safety hazards to the personnel.

[0003] Regarding the automatic parking device for the hot metal ladle, it involves the detection and control of the automatic parking device mechanism. The traditional parking of the hot metal ladle car relies on the method of manually placing iron shoes. The working environment is high-temperature and has a large amount of dust, with problems such as complex operation and high risk to the personal safety of operators. In the traditional parking method, it takes 1-2 minutes for the operator to get out of the car and place the iron shoes, and there is no feedback signal, which limits the efficiency of the hot metal ladle car in parking and receiving iron, and also cannot avoid the risk of missing the placement of iron shoes. On the basis that the hot metal ladle car has a power supply, a fully automatic parking control method for the hot metal ladle car is currently explored based on the technology of electromagnetic self-locking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic self-locking brake and a braking method for automatic parking of a hot metal ladle car, so as to solve the problems that the existing hot metal ladle car cannot park automatically, the parking is not firm, and there are potential safety hazards.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: the automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake of the molten iron tank truck includes a ring-shaped friction plate evenly distributed with axial protrusions, the inner ring of the axial protrusion of the friction plate is provided with a spline sleeve connected to the gear shaft of the gear reducer through a spline, the friction plate is axially provided with an armature and a stator with an electromagnetic coil, the armature is provided with a channel for the axial protrusion of the friction plate to extend into, the outer ring of the channel is inclined to allow the axial protrusion of the friction plate to be attracted and clamped inward when it extends into, the armature and the stator are connected to the mounting plate through mounting screws, the middle part of the mounting plate is connected to the armature through a screw, the screw is connected to a handle bracket on the mounting plate, the handle bracket is provided with a protruding section, and the handle bracket A spring is vertically arranged between the raised section and the mounting plate, the spring passes through an electromagnet, a shell including the handle bracket and the electromagnet is provided on the mounting plate, a handle end of a handle rod passes through the shell, and the other end of the handle rod passes through the raised section of the handle bracket, a push rod passing through the shell is provided below the handle rod, the push rod is at the inner end of the shell facing the electromagnet, a top plate is provided between the electromagnet and the push rod, the electromagnet is provided with a top plate spring on one side of the top plate for pushing the top plate open, the bottom of the top plate is hinged to the mounting plate, and the top of the top plate in an upright state pushes up one end of the raised section of the handle bracket and one side of the top plate is in contact with the electromagnet.

[0006] In the above technical solution, a more specific solution may be: the bottom of the top plate is hinged to the hinge shaft seat on the mounting plate, and the hinge shaft seat includes two seat plates vertically arranged on the mounting plate and a hinge shaft between the two seat plates.

[0007] Furthermore: a portion of the handle bar outside the shell is provided with a rubber handle bar sleeve to support the handle bar.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention also includes the following steps: A. When the brake release action is to be performed, the stator is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated after the power is turned on causes the armature to move upward, thereby releasing the friction plate and releasing the brake state; B. At the same time, the armature moves upward, driving the screw rod to move upward. At this time, the spring pushes the handle bracket to start to tilt upward from one end of the raised section at the edge of the screw rod as a fulcrum, and the armature is in place at the uppermost position; C. After the armature reaches its position, energize the electromagnet to generate an electromagnetic force. The top plate is attracted by the electromagnet and rotates counterclockwise to the vertical position. The energization time is 1 - 3 seconds. After the top plate reaches the vertical position, de-energize the stator. The armature loses the electromagnetic force and starts to generate a downward movement force, which also drives the screw to generate a downward movement force at the same time. The handle bracket is subjected to a downward pressure. One end of the convex section of the handle bracket is blocked by the top plate, preventing the armature from moving downward and clamping the friction plate to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer. At this time, the top plate is in place and is in a state of maintaining the release of the brake. D. When performing the braking action, energize the stator and repeat steps A and B. At this time, one end of the convex section of the handle bracket 8 tilts upward to release the top of the top plate. The top plate is automatically reset to the right position under the thrust of the top plate spring. The handle bracket is not supported by the top plate and drives the armature downward through the screw to clamp the friction plate 2. The friction plate clamps the gear shaft of the gear reducer to achieve braking.

[0009] In the above technical solution, a more specific solution may be as follows: The following steps are included: When it is necessary to manually release the braking state, manually pull up the handle rod upward, so that the handle bracket tilts upward. At the same time, press the push rod with the hand to rotate the top plate to the vertical position. One end of the convex section of the handle bracket is blocked by the top plate, preventing the armature from moving downward and clamping the friction plate to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer. Then the top plate is in place and is in a state of maintaining the release of the brake. After that, release the upward pulling force on the handle rod.

[0010] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake and braking method for the molten iron ladle car attract or release the armature through the electromagnetic force of the stator, press or release the friction plate, so that the frictional force generated by the electromagnetic self-locking brake acts on the wheels of the molten iron ladle car after the torque is increased by the gear reducer, so as to play the role of parking or releasing parking; The handle bracket, electromagnet, spring and top plate connected by the screw transmit the action to the handle bracket and the top plate of the electromagnet while the armature presses or releases the friction plate. It can not only detect whether the armature is in place to transmit the signal of releasing the brake or braking, detect the position of the top plate to transmit the signal of maintaining the release of the brake state, but also manually release the brake through the handle rod and the top plate when completely powered off, so as to ensure that the molten iron ladle car does not move due to factors such as its own weight, track gradient, and pouring of molten iron, making the entire parking process automated and stable and reliable.

[0011] The present brake and braking method are applied in the iron-making station of the port center of the enterprise, which can meet the on-site production requirements, transport 4 million tons of molten iron annually, effectively improve the automation level and production rhythm of logistics transportation, optimize manual operations, avoid operation safety risks, and at the same time have good scalability for similar industrial application scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wheel, an axial frame and a gear reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is an axonometric view of an automatic parking mechanism, a wheel and an axial frame of a ladle car according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of an automatic parking system of a ladle car according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a logic flowchart of the automatic parking control of a ladle car according to an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals in the figures: spline sleeve 1, friction plate 2, armature 3, stator 4, push rod 5, top plate 6, handle rod 7, handle bracket 8, spring 9, electromagnet 10, screw 11, mounting screw 12, mounting plate 13, housing 14, seat plate 15, hinge shaft 16, handle rod sleeve 17, top plate spring 18, reducer mounting seat 21, connecting flange 22, connecting shaft 23, gear reducer 24, bearing sleeve 25, electromagnetic self-locking brake 26, rolling shaft 27, wheel 28, axial frame 29. Detailed Embodiment

[0013] The following further details the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings: As shown in Figure 1The electromagnetic self-locking brake for automatic parking of the hot metal ladle car shown in the figure includes a friction plate 2 with axially protruding portions evenly distributed in a ring shape. Inside the inner circle of the axially protruding portions of the friction plate 2, there is a spline sleeve 1 connected to the gear shaft of the gear reducer 24 through splines. Axially on the friction plate 2, there are an armature 3 and a stator 4 with an electromagnetic coil. The armature 3 is provided with a channel for the axially protruding portions of the friction plate to extend into. The outer circle of the channel is inclined so that when the axially protruding portions of the friction plate are attracted and extended, they are clamped inward. The armature 3 and the stator 4 are connected to the mounting plate 13 through mounting screws 12. The middle of the mounting plate 13 is connected to the armature 3 through a screw rod 11. A handle bracket 8 is connected to the screw rod 11 on the mounting plate 13. The handle bracket 8 is provided with a protruding section. A spring 9 is vertically arranged between the protruding section of the handle bracket 8 and the mounting plate 13. The spring 9 passes through an electromagnet 10. The mounting plate 13 is provided with a housing 14 covering the handle bracket and the electromagnet. The handle end of a handle rod 7 passes through the housing 14. The other end of the handle rod 7 passes through the protruding section of the handle bracket 8. Below the handle rod 7, there is a push rod 5 passing through the housing. The inner end of the push rod 5 in the housing faces the electromagnet 10. Between the electromagnet 10 and the push rod 4, there is a top plate 6. The bottom of the top plate 6 is hinged to the mounting plate 13. When in the vertical state, the top of the top plate 6 jacks up one end of the protruding section of the handle bracket 8 and one side of it contacts the electromagnet 10. The electromagnet 10 is provided with a top plate spring 18 for pushing the top plate away on one side of the top plate. The bottom of the top plate 6 is hinged to a hinge shaft seat on the mounting plate. The hinge shaft seat includes two vertical seat plates 15 arranged on the mounting plate and a hinge shaft 16 between the two seat plates. The part of the handle rod 7 outside the housing is supported by a rubber handle rod sleeve 17 for the handle rod.

[0014] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown in the figure, each pair of wheels 28 of the hot metal ladle car are connected through a rolling shaft 27. An axial frame 29 is provided on the outer side of the wheel for the rolling shaft 27. Connecting shafts 23 are provided at both ends of the rolling shaft 27. The outer ends of the connecting shafts 23 are connected to the gear reducer 24 through a reducer mounting seat 21 and a connecting flange 22. A bearing and a bearing sleeve 25 are provided outside the gear shaft of the gear reducer 24. The gear shaft inside the bearing sleeve 25 is connected to the spline sleeve 1 through splines. The spline sleeve 1 is arranged inside the inner circle of the friction plate 2 of the electromagnetic self-locking brake 26 for the automatic parking of the hot metal ladle car. The reducer mounting seat 21, the connecting flange 22, the connecting shaft 23, the gear reducer 24, the bearing and the bearing sleeve 25, and the electromagnetic self-locking brake 26 together form an automatic parking mechanism for the hot metal ladle car, that is, an automatic parking mechanism for the hot metal ladle car is provided outside each wheel. The reducer mounting seat 21 is for fixedly connecting with the axial frame of the hot metal ladle car and providing an installation plane for the automatic parking mechanism. The connecting flange 22 is for connecting the reducer mounting seat 22 and the gear reducer 24.

[0015] When braking is required, the stator 4 of the electromagnetic self-locking brake is de-energized, and the friction plate 2 is attracted and engaged through the armature 3. The boss section of the friction plate 2 generates a frictional torque through the clamping spline sleeve 1 and the gear shaft of the spline brake gear reducer 24. The electromagnetic self-locking brake 26 amplifies the braking torque through the gear reducer 24 and transmits it to the connecting shaft 23 and then to the rolling shaft 27 to achieve braking of the ladle car wheels; conversely, when braking needs to be released, the stator 4 of the electromagnetic self-locking brake is energized, and at the same time, the friction plate 2 is released through the armature 3. The friction plate 2 is released from the gear shaft of the gear reducer 24, and the frictional force is released. The gear reducer 24 no longer rotates and brakes the connecting shaft 23 and then the rolling shaft 27, so that the ladle car wheels are released from the braking state. At the same time, the electromagnet 10 of the electromagnetic self-locking brake 24 is energized, the push rod 5 moves to block the handle bracket 8 and prevents the armature 3 from moving downward to attract the friction plate 2 to clamp the gear shaft of the gear reducer 24 to generate a frictional force. When the electromagnet 10 is de-energized, under the downward force of the armature 3, the handle bracket 8 presses the top plate 6 so that the top plate 6 still holds and prevents the armature 3 from moving downward to attract the friction plate 2. Therefore, after the entire electromagnetic self-locking brake 24 is de-energized, the electromagnetic self-locking brake 24 will maintain the released self-locking state and maintain the released braking state of the ladle car wheels.

[0016] Four ladle car automatic parking mechanisms and their control circuits form an automatic parking system. The automatic parking system receives control instructions issued by the upper-level system, combines the current state of the automatic parking device, and performs braking or braking release actions. As Figure 4 shown, the automatic uncoupling and coupling system is the upper-level system of the automatic parking system, which provides power and sends control instructions to the automatic parking system, and receives the status signals uploaded by the automatic parking system. The automatic parking system provides power and control signals to multiple automatic parking devices, controls the on and off of the power supply of the stator and electromagnet on the automatic parking device, so as to realize the execution of actions. Micro switches are installed on the ladle car automatic parking mechanism, and the status detection of the entire automatic parking mechanism is realized by detecting the position status of key components.

[0017] The automatic parking system can realize electrical control by designing a PLC system or customizing an embedded system.

[0018] As Figure 5 shown, the specific control steps include: (1) When receiving a control instruction from the superior system, first perform instruction verification. If the verification is incorrect, return an error message and end.

[0019] (2) When the instruction verification passes, if it is a coupling instruction, perform the braking release action and energize the stator 4.

[0020] (3) When the stator 4 is energized, the electromagnetic force generated overcomes the spring force, causing the armature 3 to move upward by a distance of 0.6-1 mm (i.e., the armature shaft moves upward and fits the stator), releasing the friction plate 2, thereby releasing the braking state.

[0021] (4) At the same time, the armature 3 moves upward, driving the screw 11 upward. At this time, the spring 9 pushes the handle bracket 8 to start tilting upward from the edge of the screw 11 as the fulcrum A, and one end of the raised section tilts upward by about 3-5 mm. At this time, the in-position signal of the armature 3 is detected. If it is not in place, an error message is returned and the process ends.

[0022] (5) After the armature 3 is in place, the electromagnet 10 is energized to generate electromagnetic force. The top plate 6 is attracted by the electromagnet 10 and rotates counterclockwise to an upright position. The power-on time is 1-3 seconds.

[0023] (6) After the top plate 6 reaches the vertical position (i.e., the dotted line position), the stator 4 is powered off, the armature 3 loses its electromagnetic force, and begins to generate a downward force, which drives the screw rod to generate a downward force. The handle bracket 8 is subjected to downward pressure, and one end of the raised section of the handle bracket 8 is supported by the top plate 6, preventing the armature 3 from moving downward and clamping the friction plate 2 to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer. At this time, the position of the top plate 6 is detected. If it is in place, that is, the top plate 6 is in a vertical state and supports one end of the raised section of the handle bracket, the brake is in a "maintaining brake release state"; if it is not in place, an error message is returned and the process ends, that is, because the top plate 6 does not support one end of the raised section of the handle bracket 8 due to a fault, it is considered that it is not in place.

[0024] (7) When the command is a decoupling command, the braking action is performed and the stator 4 is energized.

[0025] (8) When the stator 4 is energized again, the brake repeats the actions (3) and (4). At this time, one end of the raised section of the handle bracket 8 tilts upward to release the top of the top plate 6. The top plate 6 is automatically reset to the right position by the thrust of the top plate spring 18. The handle bracket 8 is no longer supported by the top plate and drives the armature 3 downward through the screw to clamp the friction plate 2. The friction plate 2 clamps the spline sleeve 1 to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer through the spline. During the process, a position signal is detected. If both are in place, the process ends.

[0026] If the electromagnetic self-locking brake 24 needs to be manually released after the power is completely cut off, the handle rod 7 is manually pulled upward to make the handle bracket 8 tilt upward. At the same time, the push rod 5 is pressed by hand to rotate the top plate 6 to the upright position (i.e., the dotted line position). One end of the raised section of the handle bracket 8 is supported by the top plate 6, preventing the armature 3 from moving downward and clamping the friction plate 2 to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer. The top plate 6 is in place and is in a state of maintaining the brake release. After that, the upward pulling force on the handle rod 7 is released, and the brake can still be manually put into a state of releasing the brake.

[0027] Based on the above problems, this method proposes a full-automatic parking control method for molten iron ladles based on electromagnetic self-locking technology. Aiming at the parking control problem of molten iron ladles in the train of molten iron transfer vehicles in steel enterprises, combined with the technological processes of empty ladle iron receiving and heavy ladle iron discharging, an automatic parking mechanism for the molten iron ladle car is designed (as Figures 1 - 3 shown), and the electrical connection of the 4 automatic parking mechanisms of the ladle car is carried out (as Figure 4 shown). At the same time, considering the technological process requirements, the design of the automatic parking control logic is completed (as Figure 5 shown), realizing the full-automatic parking control of the molten iron ladle car.

[0028] The automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake and braking method of this molten iron ladle car attract or release the armature through the electromagnetic force of the stator, compress or loosen the friction plate, so that the frictional force generated by the electromagnetic self-locking brake acts on the wheels of the molten iron ladle car after increasing the torque through the gear reducer, so as to play the role of parking or releasing parking; through the handle bracket, electromagnet, spring and top plate connected by screws, when the armature compresses or loosens the friction plate, the action is transmitted to the handle bracket and the top plate of the electromagnet. The detection of whether the armature is in place is used to transmit the signal of releasing the brake or braking, and the detection of the position of the top plate is used to transmit the signal of maintaining the released brake state, so as to ensure that the molten iron ladle car does not move due to factors such as its own weight, track gradient, and pouring of molten iron, making the whole parking process automated and stable and reliable.

[0029] This brake and braking method, when applied in the ironmaking station of the port center of this enterprise, can meet the on-site production requirements, transport 4 million tons of molten iron every year, effectively improve the automation level and production rhythm of logistics transportation, optimize manual operations, avoid operation safety risks, and at the same time has good scalability for similar industrial application scenarios.

Claims

1. An automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake for a molten iron tank car, characterized in that: It comprises a friction plate with an annular shape and uniformly distributed axial protrusions, the inner ring of the axial protrusion of the friction plate is provided with a spline sleeve connected to the gear shaft of the gear reducer through a spline, the friction plate is axially provided with an armature and a stator with an electromagnetic coil, the armature is provided with a channel for the axial protrusion of the friction plate to extend into, the outer ring of the channel is inclined to allow the axial protrusion of the friction plate to be attracted and clamped inward when extended, the armature and the stator are connected to a mounting plate through mounting screws, the middle part of the mounting plate is connected to the armature through a screw, the screw is connected to a handle bracket on the mounting plate, the handle bracket is provided with a protruding section, and a spring is vertically arranged between the protruding section of the handle bracket and the mounting plate The spring passes through an electromagnet, and a shell including the handle bracket and the electromagnet is provided on the mounting plate. A handle end of a handle rod passes through the shell, and the other end of the handle rod passes through the raised section of the handle bracket. A push rod passing through the shell is provided below the handle rod, and the push rod is at the inner end of the shell facing the electromagnet. A top plate is provided between the electromagnet and the push rod. The electromagnet is provided with a top plate spring on one side of the top plate for pushing the top plate open. The bottom of the top plate is hinged on the mounting plate. When the top plate is in an upright state, its top pushes up one end of the raised section of the handle bracket and one side of it contacts the electromagnet.

2. The automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake for a molten iron tank car according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the top plate is hinged on the hinged shaft seat on the mounting plate, and the hinged shaft seat comprises two seat plates vertically arranged on the mounting plate and a hinged shaft between the two seat plates.

3. The automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake and braking method for a molten iron tank car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The portion of the handle bar outside the shell is provided with a rubber handle bar sleeve to support the handle bar.

4. The braking method of the automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake of the molten iron tank car according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The following steps are involved: A. When the brake release action is to be performed, the stator is energized, and the electromagnetic force generated after the power is turned on causes the armature to move upward, thereby releasing the friction plate and releasing the brake state; B. At the same time, the armature moves upward, driving the screw rod to move upward. At this time, the spring pushes the handle bracket to start to tilt upward from one end of the raised section at the edge of the screw rod as a fulcrum, and the armature is in place at the uppermost position; C. After the armature is in place, the electromagnet is energized to generate electromagnetic force. The top plate is attracted by the electromagnet and rotates counterclockwise to the upright position. The power-on time is 1 to 3 seconds. After the top plate reaches the upright position, the stator is powered off, the armature loses the electromagnetic force, and begins to generate a downward force, while driving the screw rod to generate a downward force. The handle bracket is subjected to downward pressure, and one end of the raised section of the handle bracket is supported by the top plate, preventing the armature from moving downward and clamping the friction plate to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer. At this time, the top plate is in place and is in a state of keeping the brake released. D. When the braking action is performed, the stator is energized and steps A and B are repeated. At this time, one end of the raised section of the handle bracket is tilted upward to loosen the top of the top plate. The top plate is automatically reset to the right position due to the thrust of the top plate spring. The handle bracket is not supported by the top plate and drives the armature downward through the screw to clamp the friction plate. The friction plate clamps the gear shaft of the gear reducer to achieve braking.

5. The braking method of the automatic parking electromagnetic self-locking brake of the molten iron tank car according to claim 4 is characterized in that The following steps are involved: When the brake state needs to be released manually, the handle rod is manually pushed upward to make the handle bracket tilt upward. At the same time, the push rod is pressed manually to rotate the top plate to the vertical position. One end of the raised section of the handle bracket is supported by the top plate, preventing the armature from moving downward and clamping the friction plate to brake the gear shaft of the gear reducer. The top plate is in place and is in a state of maintaining the brake release. Then the upward pulling force on the handle rod is released.

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