Method for detecting verticality of regular vertical column with gradient cross section

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting the verticality of a regular variable cross-section (circular variable cross-section and regular polygonal variable cross-section) stand column, which comprises the following steps of: respectively measuring three-point coordinates of upper and lower cross-sections on the variable cross-section stand column by using a total station, respectively calculating circle center coordinates of the upper and lower cross-sections according to the three-point coordinates of the two cross-sections, and calculating the verticality of the stand column according to the coordinates of the upper and lower circle centers. And the vertical distance and the maximum offset distance of the two coordinate points are obtained, so that the verticality of the regular variable-cross-section stand column is obtained. According to the method, the problem of detecting the verticality of the variable-cross-section stand column is effectively solved, high-altitude operation is not needed in the detection process, the verticality and the deviation direction of the regular variable-cross-section stand column can be accurately detected, the detection convenience is improved, and manpower and material resources are saved. The method is simple in principle, can quickly, accurately and effectively detect the verticality deviation of the regular variable-cross-section stand column, and intuitively and accurately evaluates the verticality condition of the stand column. And the detection requirements on the verticality in related specifications are met.

Description

I. Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering inspection, and particularly to a method for detecting the verticality of regularly tapered-section columns commonly found in highway engineering. II. Background Art

[0002] Many facilities in highway electromechanical engineering, such as cameras, vehicle detectors, and street lamps, are installed on cylindrical or regular polygon columns, or on regularly tapered-section cylindrical or polygon high poles, which are supported by these high poles. As an important support structure, the verticality of the high poles is directly related to the stability and safety of the entire engineering structure. If the verticality deviation of the columns exceeds the allowable range, it may cause the center of gravity of the high poles and the upper equipment facilities to shift, increasing the unevenness of the structural stress, and increasing the risk of toppling in the event of natural disasters such as earthquakes and strong winds.

[0003] At present, there are various detection methods for the verticality of non-tapered-section columns. For example, the traditional plumb line method judges the verticality by comparing the thin line hanging the plumb bob with the column surface. This method is simple to operate, but has a small sampling range, low accuracy, and is greatly affected by human factors such as swing and deviation of the observation angle. The error is particularly obvious in the detection of columns with high heights, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of modern engineering for high-precision detection. In addition, there is also the verticality ruler method, but there is also the problem of narrow sampling range and insufficient representativeness.

[0004] For the verticality of regularly tapered-section columns, there are few simple and effective detection methods. In most cases, due to the lack of suitable instruments or methods for detection, the detection stays at the visual inspection stage or is helplessly ignored. III. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for detecting the verticality of regularly tapered-section cylindrical or polygon high poles, which can make up for the deficiencies of existing detection methods, realize high-precision, high-efficiency, low-cost and simple-operation detection of the verticality of regularly tapered-section columns, and meet the requirements for the verticality detection of this type of columns in highway electromechanical engineering inspection.

[0006] The principle of this method is that for a circular tapered-section column, within the visible range of the total station to the column, two cross-sections of the column can be selected, and for each of the two cross-sections, the spatial coordinates of any 3 measuring points are measured. For a regular pentagon or hexagon cross-section tapered column, the total station can select the visible polygon corners of the two cross-sections and measure the spatial coordinates of 3 measuring points of the upper and lower cross-sections.

[0007] According to the theorem that any three non-collinear points can determine a circle, after measurement, based on the spatial coordinate values of the three points, the calculation formulas for the circles formed by the upper and lower cross-sections can be calculated respectively. In this way, the center coordinates O 1 and O 2 of the circles formed by the measurement points of the upper and lower cross-sections can be obtained according to the spatial coordinate calculation formula of the circle. The center coordinates are the centroid coordinates of the regular gradually changing cross-section column, and thus the verticality of the regular gradually changing cross-section column can be calculated. IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The drawings are the detection schematic diagrams of the method for detecting the verticality of the column described in this invention patent.

[0009] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the detection scenario for the circular regular gradually changing cross-section

[0010] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the detection scenario for the polygonal regular gradually changing cross-section

[0011] 1 - Triangle formed by the measurement points on the upper cross-section of the circular gradually changing cross-section column

[0012] 2 - Circle formed by three measurement points on the upper cross-section of the circular gradually changing cross-section column

[0013] 3 - Center O of the circle formed by three measurement points on the upper cross-section of the circular gradually changing cross-section column 1

[0014] 4 - Triangle formed by the measurement points on the lower cross-section of the circular gradually changing cross-section column

[0015] 5 - Circle formed by the measurement points on the lower cross-section of the circular gradually changing cross-section column

[0016] 6 - Center O of the circle formed by three measurement points on the lower cross-section of the circular gradually changing cross-section column 2

[0017] 7 - Triangle formed by the measurement points on the upper cross-section of the regular polygonal gradually changing cross-section column

[0018] 8 - Circle formed by three measurement points on the upper cross-section of the regular polygonal gradually changing cross-section column

[0019] 9 - Center O of the circle formed by three measurement points on the upper cross-section of the regular polygonal gradually changing cross-section column 1

[0020] 10 - Triangle formed by the measurement points on the lower cross-section of the regular polygonal gradually changing cross-section column

[0021] 11 - Circle formed by the measurement points on the lower cross-section of the regular polygonal gradually changing cross-section column

[0022] The center O of the circle formed by three measuring points on the lower cross-section of the 12-regular polygon gradually changing cross-section column 2 V. Specific implementation manners

[0023] 1. Set up a prismless total station on a relatively flat place with good visibility and level it;

[0024] 2. Determine the coordinates of the backsight point;

[0025] 3. Coordinate acquisition. The prismless total station is aimed at a cross-section at the upper end of the gradually changing cross-section column. First, measure the coordinates of three points on the upper cross-section: A(X 1 , Y 1 , Z 1 ); B(X 2 , Y 2 , Z 1 ); C(X 3 , Y 3 , Z 1 ); Then measure the coordinates of three points on the lower cross-section of the column: D(X 4 , Y 4 , Z 2 ); E(X 5 , Y 5 , Z 2 ); F(X 6 , Y 6 , Z 2 ). When selecting the measuring points, note that if it is a circular gradually changing cross-section, any three points within the visible range of the total station can be selected. If it is a regular polygon gradually changing cross-section, 3 polygon corner points within the visible range of the total station should be selected;

[0026] 4. Calculate the center coordinates: First, substitute the coordinate values of the three measuring points ABC on the upper cross-section into the formula X 2 +Y 2 +DX+EY+F = 0 (D 2 +E 2 -4F>0), and the DEF values of the mathematical expression of the circle formed by the three measuring points on the upper cross-section can be obtained, so as to obtain the mathematical formula of the circle formed by the three measuring points on the upper cross-section. Then, according to the obtained DEF values, the plane coordinate values of the center O 1 (-D 1 / 2, -E 1 / 2) can be obtained. Note that the Z-axis coordinate value of the center O 1 is Z 1 ; In the same way, the plane coordinate values of the center O 2 of the circumscribed circle of the corresponding three measuring points on the lower cross-section (-D 2 / 2, -E 2 / 2) are obtained, and its Z-axis coordinate value is Z 2 ;

[0027] 5. Calculate the verticality of the column. The deviation value r between the two centers = SORT((X 1 - X 2 ) 2 +(Y 1 - Y 2 ) 2 ), and the vertical distance h between the two centers is h = Z 1 - Z 2 . The verticality of the column = r / h * 100%.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the verticality of columns with regular variable cross-sections (circular variable cross-sections and regular polygonal variable cross-sections) in highway engineering, characterized by: The following steps are involved:

1. Choose a place with relatively flat terrain and good sight to set up the prism-free total station and level it; 2. Determine the coordinates of the backsight point; 3. Coordinate collection. Aim the prism-free total station at a section at the upper end of the column with a gradient cross-section. First, measure the coordinates of three points of the section at the upper end; then measure the coordinates of three points of a section at the lower end of the column. When selecting the measuring points, note that if it is a circular gradient cross-section, any three points within the visible range of the total station can be selected. If it is a regular polygonal gradient cross-section, three polygon corner points within the visible range of the total station should be selected. Note that the z coordinates of the same section are the same; 4. Calculate the coordinates of the center of the circle: First, substitute the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of the three measuring points ABC on the upper section into the formula X 2 +Y 2 +DX+EY+F=0(D 2 +E 2 -4F>0), we can get the DEF value of the mathematical expression of the circle formed by the three measuring points of the upper section, and then get the mathematical formula of the circle formed by the three measuring points of the upper section. Then, according to the x and y axis coordinate values ​​of the DEF coordinates, we can get the plane coordinate value of the center O1 (-D1 / 2, -E1 / 2). Note that the Z axis coordinate value of the center O1 is Z1. In the same way, we can get the plane coordinate value of the center O2 of the circumscribed circle of the three measuring points corresponding to the lower section (-D2 / 2, -E2 / 2), and its Z axis coordinate value is Z2.

5. Calculate the verticality of the column. The deviation value of the two circle centers is r = SORT ((X1-X2) 2 +(Y1-Y2) 2 ), the vertical distance between the two circle centers is h = Z1-Z2, and the verticality of the column = r / h*100%.

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