Acoustic sensor automatic calibration detection device and method
Through the automatic calibration detection device and method of acoustic sensors, components such as a hemispherical sound insulation cover and multi-section telescopic electric cylinder are used to simulate complex sound environments, solving the problem that traditional single-tone detection methods cannot comprehensively evaluate the performance of acoustic sensors, and achieving more accurate and reliable detection results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510332365.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
Traditional single-tone detection methods cannot effectively simulate real and complex sound environments, and cannot comprehensively evaluate the response characteristics of acoustic sensors to different tones, resulting in a large deviation from the actual application.
An automatic calibration detection device and method of acoustic sensor is adopted, which includes a semi-spherical sound insulation cover, a fixed disc, a sensor material disc, an outer slider, an adjustment mechanism, a multi-section telescopic cylinder, a standard sounder and an interference sounder. These components are used to simulate a complex sound environment and comprehensively detect the performance of the acoustic sensor.
This method can fully detect the performance of the acoustic sensor while simulating a real and complex sound environment, improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection results, and ensure that the acoustic sensor can effectively capture the required sound in noisy environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN120063474A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of acoustic sensors, and particularly to an automatic calibration detection device and method for acoustic sensors. Background Art
[0002] In the era of the rapid development of modern technology, acoustic sensors, as important devices that can convert sound signals into electrical signals, are widely used in many fields such as communication, audio recording, environmental monitoring, automotive electronics, medical equipment, etc. With the continuous improvement of the performance requirements for acoustic sensors in various industries, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of acoustic sensors has become particularly important. Therefore, precise calibration detection of acoustic sensors is a key link to ensure their normal operation and meet application requirements.
[0003] In the development process of acoustic sensor calibration detection, most traditional calibration detection methods adopt single-tone detection technology. Single-tone detection means using a sound signal of a single tone as the detection source to test the performance of acoustic sensors. In the early stage of the development of acoustic sensors, this detection method was widely used because of its relatively simple operation and low cost, and it could meet the basic requirements for the performance detection of acoustic sensors to a certain extent at that time.
[0004] However, with the continuous progress of acoustic technology and the increasing diversification and complexity of the application scenarios of acoustic sensors, the limitations of the traditional single-tone detection method have gradually emerged. First of all, in actual application scenarios, the sound environment faced by acoustic sensors is often a complex situation of a mixture of multiple tones. For example, in the communication field, when people are on the phone, they not only receive the voice signals of the other party, but may also be affected by various noise interferences in the surrounding environment, such as traffic noise, crowd noise, etc., and the tones of these sound signals are all different; in the audio recording scenario, the recorded content may include the sounds of multiple musical instruments, human voices, and environmental sound effects, etc., and each sound has unique tone characteristics. The traditional single-tone detection method only simulates a sound environment of a single tone and cannot truly reflect the performance of acoustic sensors in actual complex sound environments, resulting in a large deviation between the detection results and the actual application situation.
[0005] Secondly, single-tone detection is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the response characteristics of acoustic sensors to different tones. In actual operation, acoustic sensors need to accurately perceive and convert sound signals of various different tones, while single-tone detection can only detect the capture ability of acoustic sensors for a single specific tone and cannot understand their performance when facing other tones. This may lead to problems such as inaccurate detection and reduced sensitivity when acoustic sensors encounter sound signals of different tones from those during detection in actual applications, affecting their normal operation.
[0006] In addition, due to the single data sample provided by single-tone detection, the information about the performance of the acoustic sensor that can be obtained during feature extraction and analysis is very limited. This makes the standard tone matching and sensitivity analysis based on the single-tone detection results lack comprehensiveness and accuracy, and it is prone to misjudgment. For example, in some cases, the acoustic sensor may perform well in single-tone detection, but it cannot accurately capture the standard tone in the actual complex sound environment, resulting in a decline in performance.
[0007] In summary, the traditional single-tone detection method can no longer meet the requirements of modern acoustic sensor calibration and detection. There is an urgent need for a calibration and detection device and method that can simulate the real complex sound environment and comprehensively detect the performance of the acoustic sensor. Summary of the Invention
[0008] In order to solve the problem that the traditional single-tone detection method can no longer meet the requirements of modern acoustic sensor calibration and detection, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic calibration and detection device and method for acoustic sensors.
[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An automatic calibration and detection device for acoustic sensors includes a fixing ring and a controller. The top port of the fixing ring is fixedly connected with a hemispherical sound insulation cover. The inner wall of the fixing ring is fixedly connected with a fixing disc. An installation hole is opened at the center of the bottom of the fixing disc, and the inner wall of the installation hole is slidably connected with a rotatable sensor tray for loading acoustic sensors. An outer slider is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. An adjustment mechanism is installed on the hemispherical sound insulation cover, and the adjustment mechanism is in transmission connection with the outer slider for arbitrarily adjusting the position of the outer slider on the hemispherical sound insulation cover. An electromagnet is fixedly arranged inside the outer slider. An inner slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. An iron block is fixedly arranged inside the inner slider. The electromagnet and the iron block are magnetically attracted. The bottom of the inner slider is fixedly installed with a multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder for telescoping in the radial direction of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. The telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder is installed with a standard sound generator and several interference sound generators with different tones. The controller is electrically connected to the acoustic sensor to be detected through the sensor tray for collecting data of the acoustic sensor.
[0010] Preferably, two symmetrically arranged support seats are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing disc. The two inner side walls of the installation hole at the center of the bottom of the fixing disc are arc-shaped surfaces, and the arc-shaped surfaces are slidably connected to the outer wall of the sensor tray. The top port of the installation hole is located at the center of the sphere of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. Two symmetrically arranged mounting plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing disc on both sides of the installation hole. The two sides of the sensor tray are rotatably installed on the side walls between the two mounting plates through connecting shafts. A first motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting plate, and the first motor is axially connected to the connecting shaft on one side of the sensor tray.
[0011] Preferably, four slots arranged in an annular array are provided on the outer wall of the sensor tray. A cylinder is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the slot. The telescopic end of the cylinder is arranged towards the inside of the slot, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected with an interface for electrically connecting with the acoustic sensor; the interface is electrically connected with the controller; an installation groove is provided on the inner wall of the slot. A clamping block is slidably sleeved on the inner wall at the port of the installation groove. A protrusion is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the clamping block located inside the installation groove, and the protrusion is in abutment with the inner side at the port of the installation groove; a guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation groove. A guide hole is provided on the side wall of the clamping block. The outer wall of the guide rod is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the guide hole. A spring that abuts against the clamping block is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod. A wedge surface is provided on the side of the clamping block facing the outside of the slot.
[0012] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed ring. An internal gear is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the rotating ring below the fixed ring. The internal gear meshes with a driving gear. A second motor axially connected to the driving gear is fixedly installed on the fixed disc.
[0013] Preferably, two symmetrically arranged first U-shaped frames are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring. Two third motors are fixedly installed on the two first U-shaped frames. The output ends of the two third motors are axially connected with two winding wheels arranged inside the two first U-shaped frames. Two pulling belts are wound on the two winding wheels. The ends of the two pulling belts far away from the two winding wheels are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer slider. Two connecting plates are fixedly connected to the first U-shaped frame. A sheave is rotatably connected to the side wall between the two connecting plates through a connecting shaft for pressing the pulling belt on the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover; the bottom of the pulling belt is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. U-shaped brackets are fixedly connected to the side walls of the two connecting plates. An arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped bracket. The center of the arc-shaped rod coincides with the center of the sphere of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. A guide block is fixedly connected to the top of the outer slider. The outer wall of the arc-shaped rod slidably penetrates through the two side walls of the guide block.
[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the outer slider is arranged as an inward concave arc surface and is slidably connected to the hemispherical sound insulation cover; the top of the inner slider is arranged as an outward convex arc surface and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover; a vacuum groove is arranged on the top of the inner slider, and the inner slider is adsorbed on the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover through the negative pressure of the vacuum groove.
[0015] Preferably, the telescopic end of the multi-section telescopic electric cylinder is fixedly connected with a circular block. A plurality of connecting rods arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the circular block. The end of the connecting rod far away from the circular block is fixedly connected to the interference sound generator. The center of the bottom of the circular block is fixedly connected to the top of the standard sound generator. The distances from the standard sound generator and the plurality of interference sound generators to the center of the sphere of the hemispherical sound insulation cover are equal.
[0016] An automatic calibration detection method for an acoustic sensor. The controller is also connected to a preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, a standard tone matching module, a sensitivity analysis module, and a calibration module. The specific steps are as follows:
[0017] S1. Load the acoustic sensor to be detected on the sensor tray. The sensor tray rotates to transfer the acoustic sensor to be detected into the mounting hole at the center of the fixed disk. The signal receiving end of the acoustic sensor is located at the center of the spherical sound insulation cover.
[0018] S2. Keep the outer slider at the top of the spherical sound insulation cover. Then the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder is at the top inside the spherical sound insulation cover, and the telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder remains in the initial state.
[0019] S3. The standard sound generator and several interference sound generators with different tones sound simultaneously. The acoustic sensor to be detected receives the sound signal and transmits the sound signal to the preprocessing module. The preprocessing module first performs filtering, and the filtering frequency response function is: (f) is the frequency of the received sound signal, f 1 and f 2 are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of the standard tone frequency range.
[0020] Then, the filtered sound signal is amplified to amplify the sound signal intensity amplitude to the set effective processing range.
[0021] Finally, the amplified sound signal is converted into a digital signal.
[0022] The sampling frequency of the controller through the acoustic sensor is f s , f s ≥2f 2 ;
[0023] S4. The feature extraction module extracts feature parameters from the digital signal, specifically including: extracting the fundamental frequency, calculating the autocorrelation function of the discrete digital sound signal: where x(n) is the discrete digital sound signal, N is the number of samples of the digital sound signal, m is the delay amount, and n is the time index; then the fundamental frequency value where m 0 is the fundamental frequency f 0 and the delay amount corresponding to the peak value of R xx (m).
[0024] Extracting harmonic components, performing a fast Fourier transform on the digital sound signal to obtain its spectrum value: where k is the frequency index, and the harmonic component characteristics are obtained by determining the positions and amplitudes of each harmonic frequency according to the fundamental frequency.
[0025] Extract the timbre envelope, divide the digital sound signal into several short-time frames, and the short-time energy of each frame Zero-crossing rate where m is the frame index and N S is the number of samples per frame, sgn[·] is the sign function, and the timbre envelope characteristics are determined by analyzing the time variations of the short-time energy and zero-crossing rate of each frame;
[0026] S5. The extracted feature parameter vector is the feature parameter vector in the standard timbre feature template The standard timbre matching module matches the extracted feature parameters with the pre-stored standard timbre feature template, then and the distance between When d < the threshold d th then the timbre in the currently collected sound signal matches the standard timbre, otherwise it does not match;
[0027] S6. The sensitivity analysis module analyzes the capture sensitivity of the acoustic sensor to the standard timbre according to the result of the standard timbre matching:
[0028] Set the total number of acquisitions as N total , the number of successful standard timbre matches is N match , then the capture sensitivity If S < S th , it is determined that the current acoustic sensor has insufficient capture sensitivity to the standard timbre, otherwise the sensitivity is good, where S th is the preset sensitivity threshold;
[0029] S7. When S < S th , the calibration module calibrates the parameters of the acoustic sensor through the controller and writes the parameters into the acoustic sensor;
[0030] S8. The multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder reaches the preset position through the elongation of the telescopic end, and then performs steps S3 to S7;
[0031] S9. The controller drives the outer slider to slide on the hemispherical sound insulation cover through the adjustment mechanism. When the outer slider reaches the preset position, the outer slider moves following the outer slider, and then steps S3 to S8 are performed again;
[0032] S10. According to the multiple preset position data in the controller, step S9 is performed multiple times for multi-directional calibration detection.
[0033] Preferably, the preprocessing module performs filtering through a band-pass filter, amplification through an amplifier, and digital signal conversion through an analog-to-digital converter.
[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention:
[0035] 1. In the present invention, the hemispherical sound insulation cover can effectively isolate the detection environment from the noisy external sounds, providing a relatively quiet and stable environment for the calibration and detection of the acoustic sensor, greatly reducing the interference of external sounds, making the detection process more reliable and the detection results more accurate.
[0036] 2. In the present invention, through the adjustment mechanism, the outer slider can be adjusted to any position on the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover. The outer slider drives the inner slider to slide on the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover through the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet and the iron block in the inner slider, which not only simplifies the internal structure of the hemispherical sound insulation cover, avoids setting too many mechanical structures in the sound emission directions of the standard sound generator and the interference sound generator, thereby preventing excessive refraction, reflection, and diffraction of sound due to obstacles, and greatly improving the detection accuracy.
[0037] 3. In the present invention, by the action of the adjustment mechanism on the inner slider, the performance of the acoustic sensor can be detected in different orientations, making the detection results more comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual performance of the acoustic sensor.
[0038] 4. In the present invention, the distances from the standard sound generator and several interference sound generators to the center of the hemispherical sound insulation cover are equal, enabling the sound to be evenly transmitted to the signal receiving end of the acoustic sensor to be detected, ensuring the consistency of the detection environment, and improving the accuracy and comparability of the detection results.
[0039] 5. In the present invention, by simultaneously emitting sounds from the standard sound generator and multiple interference sound generators with different timbres, through the method of multi-timbre sound emission, the performance of the acoustic sensor under different timbre combinations can be comprehensively detected, ensuring that the acoustic sensor can capture the required sounds even in a noisy environment.
[0040] 6. In the present invention, in the analysis and processing stage, multiple sound signals with different timbres can provide richer data samples for the feature extraction module, enabling the extracted feature parameters to more comprehensively reflect the response characteristics of the acoustic sensor to different timbres.
[0041] 7. In the present invention, during the standard timbre matching process, based on the analysis results of multiple timbres, the ability of the acoustic sensor to capture the standard timbre in a complex sound environment can be more accurately judged, avoiding misjudgments that may be caused by single-timbre detection.
[0042] 8. In terms of sensitivity analysis, the comprehensive analysis of multiple timbres can more truly reflect the sensitivity performance of the acoustic sensor in the actual use scenario, providing a more reliable basis for judging the performance of the acoustic sensor, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the calibration and detection of the acoustic sensor, making the performance evaluation result closer to the actual application requirements, and helping to improve the applicability and stability of the acoustic sensor in various actual scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present invention;
[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of the present invention;
[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hemispherical sound insulation cover of the present invention;
[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation groove of the present invention;
[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting mechanism of the present invention;
[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer slider of the present invention
[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner slider of the present invention;
[0051] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the standard sound generator and the interference sound generator of the present invention.
[0052] In the figure: 1, fixing ring; 2, hemispherical sound insulation cover; 3, fixing disc; 4, sensor tray; 5, outer slider; 6, adjusting mechanism; 7, electromagnet; 8, inner slider; 9, iron block; 10, multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder; 11, standard sound generator; 12, interference sound generator; 13, support seat; 14, mounting plate; 15, first motor; 401, slot; 402, cylinder; 403, interface; 404, installation groove; 405, clamping block; 406, guide hole; 407, guide rod; 408, wedge surface; 601, rotating ring; 602, internal gear; 603, driving gear; 604, second motor; 605, first U-shaped frame; 606, third motor; 607, winding wheel; 608, pulling belt; 609, connecting plate; 610, sheave; 611, U-shaped bracket; 612, arc rod; 613, guide block; 1001, circular block; 1002, connecting rod. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
[0053] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.
[0054] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 . It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have any technical essence. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that can be covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear narration, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.
[0055] The present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor, which mainly consists of a fixing ring 1, a hemispherical sound insulation cover 2, a fixing disc 3, a sensor tray 4, an outer slider 5, an adjusting mechanism 6, an electromagnet 7, an inner slider 8, an iron block 9, a multi-section telescopic electric cylinder 10, a standard sound generator 11, an interference sound generator 12, and a controller, etc.
[0056] The fixing ring 1 serves as the basic support structure of the entire device, and its top port is firmly fixedly connected to the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. The hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 can effectively reduce the interference of external sounds on the detection process and provide a relatively quiet environment for the calibration detection of the acoustic sensor.
[0057] The inner wall of the fixed ring 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed disk 3. An installation hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the fixed disk 3, and the inner wall of the installation hole is slidably connected to the rotatable sensor tray 4. The sensor tray 4 is used to load the acoustic sensors to be detected. Two symmetrically arranged support seats 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk 3 to provide additional support stability for the fixed disk 3. The two inner side walls of the installation hole are arranged as arc surfaces, and the arc surfaces are slidably connected to the outer wall of the sensor tray 4. The top port of the installation hole is located at the center of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2, ensuring that the signal receiving end of the acoustic sensor to be detected can be in an ideal position during detection. Two symmetrically arranged mounting plates 14 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk 3 on both sides of the installation hole. The two sides of the sensor tray 4 are rotatably mounted on the side walls between the two mounting plates 14 through connecting shafts. A first motor 15 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the mounting plate 14, and the first motor 15 is axially connected to the connecting shaft on one side of the sensor tray 4. By driving the first motor 15, the sensor tray 4 can be rotated, so as to rotate the acoustic sensors to be detected at different positions into the installation hole at the center of the fixed disk 3.
[0058] Four slots 401 arranged in a circular array are provided on the outer wall of the sensor tray 4. A cylinder 402 is fixedly embedded at the bottom of each slot 401. The telescopic end of the cylinder 402 faces the inside of the slot 401, and an interface 403 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end. The interface 403 is used for electrical connection with the acoustic sensor to realize the transmission of sound signals. The interface 403 is electrically connected to the controller so as to transmit the collected sound signals to the controller for subsequent processing. An installation groove 404 is provided on the inner wall of the slot 401. A clamping block 405 is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the port of the installation groove 404. A protrusion is fixedly provided on the side wall of the clamping block 405 located inside the installation groove 404, and the protrusion is in internal butt joint with the inner side of the port of the installation groove 404 to prevent the clamping block 405 from detaching from the installation groove 404. A guide rod 405 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation groove 404. A guide hole 406 is provided on the side wall of the clamping block 405, and the outer wall of the guide rod 405 is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the guide hole 406 to play a guiding role. A spring 407 that abuts against the clamping block 405 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 405. A wedge surface 408 is provided on the side of the clamping block 405 facing the outside of the slot 401. When the acoustic sensor to be detected is inserted into the slot 401, the outer wall of the sensor will squeeze the wedge surface 408 of the clamping block 405, causing the clamping block 405 to move towards the inside of the installation groove 404, and the spring 407 is compressed, thereby realizing the clamping and fixing of the acoustic sensor to be detected.
[0059] The outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 is slidably connected with an outer slider 5. An adjusting mechanism 6 is installed on the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 and is in transmission connection with the outer slider 5 for adjusting the outer slider 5 to any position on the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. The adjusting mechanism 6 includes a rotating ring 601 rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed ring 1. An internal gear 602 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the rotating ring 601 below the fixed ring 1. The internal gear 602 meshes with a driving gear 603. A second motor 604 axially connected with the driving gear 603 is fixedly installed on the fixed disc 3. By driving the driving gear 603 to rotate through the second motor 604, the rotating ring 601 is driven to rotate on the fixed ring 1. Symmetrically arranged two first U-shaped frames 605 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring 601. Two third motors 606 are fixedly installed on the two first U-shaped frames 605. The output ends of the two third motors 606 are axially connected with two winding wheels 607 arranged inside the two first U-shaped frames 605. Two pulling belts 608 are wound on the two winding wheels 607. One ends of the two pulling belts 608 far away from the two winding wheels 607 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer slider 5. Two connecting plates 609 are fixedly connected to the first U-shaped frame 605. A sheave 610 is rotatably connected to the side wall between the two connecting plates 609 through a connecting shaft. The sheave 610 is used to press the pulling belt 608 on the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 so that the bottom of the pulling belt 608 is slidably connected with the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. U-shaped brackets 611 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the two connecting plates 609. An arc-shaped rod 612 is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped bracket 611. The center of the arc-shaped rod 612 coincides with the center of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. A guiding block 613 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer slider 5. The outer wall of the arc-shaped rod 612 slidably penetrates through the two side walls of the guiding block 613 to play a guiding role. When one third motor 606 drives the winding wheel 607 to wind the pulling belt 608 and the other third motor 606 drives the winding wheel 607 to release the pulling belt 608, the outer slider 5 can slide on the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. Combined with the second motor 604 driving the rotating ring 601 to rotate on the fixed ring 1 through the driving gear 603, the outer slider 5 can be adjusted to any position on the outer wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. The outer slider 5 drives the iron block 9 in the inner slider 8 to slide on the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 through the magnetic attraction of the electromagnet 7. Through the external magnetic attraction drive, the internal structure of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 is simplified. At the same time, there is no obstruction in the sound emission directions of the standard sound generator 11 and the interference sound generator 12, avoiding excessive refraction, reflection and diffraction of sound due to obstacles, etc., and improving the detection accuracy.
[0060] An electromagnet 7 is fixedly arranged inside the outer slider 5. An inner slider 8 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. An iron block 9 is fixedly arranged inside the inner slider 8. The electromagnet 7 and the iron block 9 are magnetically attracted, so as to realize that the outer slider 5 drives the inner slider 8 to slide on the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. The bottom of the outer slider 5 is arranged as a concave arc surface, and the concave arc surface is slidably connected to the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2; the top of the inner slider 8 is arranged as a convex arc surface, and the convex arc surface is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. A vacuum groove is arranged at the top of the inner slider 8, and the inner slider 8 is adsorbed on the inner wall of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 through the negative pressure of the vacuum groove to ensure the stability of the inner slider 8 during the sliding process.
[0061] A multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner slider 8. The multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10 is used for telescoping in the radial direction of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2. The telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to a circular block 1001. A plurality of connecting rods 1002 arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the circular block 1001. One end of the connecting rod 1002 away from the circular block 1001 is fixedly connected to the interference sound generator 12. The center of the bottom of the circular block 1001 is fixedly connected to the top of the standard sound generator 11. The distances from the standard sound generator 11 and the plurality of interference sound generators 12 to the center of the sphere of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 are equal.
[0062] The automatic calibration detection device for the acoustic sensor of the present invention further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the sensor tray 4 and is used for collecting data of the acoustic sensor. The controller is also connected to a preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, a standard tone matching module, a sensitivity analysis module and a calibration module. The controller is also connected to the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10, the first motor 15, the second motor 604 and the third motor 606 to realize the automatic control of the entire device.
[0063] An automatic calibration detection method for an acoustic sensor is as follows:
[0064] S1, load the acoustic sensor to be detected on the sensor tray 4. The sensor tray 4 rotates to transfer the acoustic sensor to be detected to the installation hole at the center of the fixed disc 3. The signal receiving end of the acoustic sensor is located at the center of the sphere of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2;
[0065] S2, keep the outer slider 5 at the topmost part of the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2, then the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10 is at the topmost part inside the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2, and the telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10 maintains the initial state;
[0066] S3, the standard sound generator 11 and a plurality of interference sound generators 12 with different tones sound simultaneously. The acoustic sensor to be detected receives the sound signal and transmits the sound signal to the preprocessing module. The preprocessing module first performs filtering, and the filter frequency response function is: (f) is the received sound signal frequency, f 1 and f 2 are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of the standard timbre frequency range;
[0067] Then, the filtered sound signal is amplified, and the intensity amplitude of the sound signal is amplified to the set effective processing range;
[0068] Finally, the amplified sound signal is converted into a digital signal;
[0069] The frequency at which the controller samples through the acoustic sensor is f s , f s ≥2f 2 ;
[0070] S4. The feature extraction module extracts feature parameters from the digital signal, specifically including: extracting the fundamental frequency, calculating the autocorrelation function of the discrete digital sound signal: where x(n) is the discrete digital sound signal, N is the number of samples of the digital sound signal, m is the delay amount, and n is the time index; then the fundamental frequency value where m 0 is the fundamental frequency f 0 and the delay amount corresponding to the peak of R xx (m);
[0071] Extracting harmonic components, performing a fast Fourier transform on the digital sound signal to obtain its spectral value: where k is the frequency index, and the harmonic component characteristics are obtained by determining the positions and amplitudes of each harmonic frequency according to the fundamental frequency;
[0072] Extracting the timbre envelope, dividing the digital sound signal into several short-time frames, and the short-time energy of each frame zero-crossing rate where m is the frame index, N S is the number of samples of each frame, sgn[·] is the sign function, and the timbre envelope characteristics are determined by analyzing the time variations of the short-time energy and zero-crossing rate of each frame;
[0073] S5. The extracted feature parameter vector is the feature parameter vector in the standard timbre feature template The standard timbre matching module matches the extracted feature parameters with the pre-stored standard timbre feature template, then and the distance between When d < the threshold d th , then the timbre in the currently collected sound signal matches the standard timbre, otherwise it does not match;
[0074] S6. The sensitivity analysis module analyzes the capture sensitivity of the acoustic sensor to the standard tone according to the result of the standard tone matching:
[0075] Set the total number of acquisitions as N total , and the number of times the standard tone matching is successful is N match , then the capture sensitivity If S < S th , it is determined that the current acoustic sensor has insufficient capture sensitivity to the standard tone, otherwise the sensitivity is good, where S th is the preset sensitivity threshold;
[0076] S7. When S < S th , the calibration module calibrates the parameters of the acoustic sensor through the controller and writes the parameters into the acoustic sensor;
[0077] S8. The multi-stage telescopic electric cylinder 10 reaches the preset position through the elongation of the telescopic end, and then performs steps S3 - S7;
[0078] S9. The controller drives the outer slider 5 to slide on the hemispherical sound insulation cover 2 through the adjusting mechanism 6. When the outer slider 5 reaches the preset position, the outer slider 5 moves following the outer slider 5, and then steps S3 - S8 are performed again;
[0079] S10. According to multiple preset position data in the controller, step S9 is performed multiple times for multi-directional calibration detection.
[0080] Among them, the preprocessing module performs filtering through a band-pass filter, amplification through an amplifier, and digital signal conversion through an analog-to-digital converter.
[0081] The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor, comprising a fixing ring (1) and a controller, characterized in that: The top port of the fixing ring (1) is fixedly connected to a hemispherical soundproof cover (2), the inner wall of the fixing ring (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing disc (3), a mounting hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the fixing disc (3), and a rotatable sensor material tray (4) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole for loading an acoustic sensor; the outer wall of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2) is slidably connected to an outer slider (5), an adjustment mechanism (6) is installed on the hemispherical soundproof cover (2), the adjustment mechanism (6) and the outer slider (5) are in transmission connection, and are used to adjust the outer slider (5) to any position on the hemispherical soundproof cover (2); the inner wall of the outer slider (5) is slidably connected to the outer slider (5), and the outer slider (5) is slidably connected to the outer slider (5) for loading an acoustic sensor; the inner wall of the outer slider (5) is slidably connected to an outer slider (5), and the outer slider (5) is slidably connected to the outer slider (5) for loading an acoustic sensor; the outer slider (5) is slidably connected to the outer slider (5) of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2) and ... An electromagnet (7) is fixedly arranged at the bottom, an inner sliding block (8) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2), an iron block (9) is fixedly arranged inside the inner sliding block (8), the electromagnet (7) and the iron block (9) are magnetically attracted, a multi-section telescopic electric cylinder (10) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner sliding block (8), and is used for telescoping in the radial direction of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2); a standard sound generator (11) and a plurality of interference sound generators (12) with different timbres are installed at the telescopic end of the multi-section telescopic electric cylinder (10), and the controller is electrically connected to the acoustic sensor to be detected through the sensor material tray (4) and is used for collecting data from the acoustic sensor.
2. The automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed disc (3) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged support seats (13); the two inner side walls of the mounting hole at the center of the bottom of the fixed disc (3) are arranged as arc-shaped surfaces, and the arc-shaped surfaces are slidably connected to the outer wall of the sensor material disc (4); the top port of the mounting hole is located at the center of the hemispherical sound insulation cover (2); the bottom of the fixed disc (3) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged mounting plates (14) at both sides of the mounting hole; the two sides of the sensor material disc (4) are rotatably mounted on the side walls between the two mounting plates (14) through a connecting shaft; the side walls of the mounting plates (14) are fixedly mounted with a first motor (15), and the first motor (15) is axially connected to the connecting shaft on one side of the sensor material disc (4).
3. The automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sensor tray (4) is provided with four slots (401) arranged in a circular array, a cylinder (402) is fixedly embedded at the bottom of the slot (401), the telescopic end of the cylinder (402) is arranged toward the inside of the slot (401), and the telescopic end is fixedly connected with an interface (403) for electrically connecting to the acoustic sensor; the interface (403) is electrically connected to the controller; the inner wall of the slot (401) is provided with a mounting groove (404), the inner wall at the end of the mounting groove (404) is slidably sleeved with a clamping block (405), and the clamping block (405) A protrusion is fixedly provided on the side wall of the mounting groove (404), and the protrusion is in contact with the inner side of the end of the mounting groove (404); a guide rod (405) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting groove (404), a guide hole (406) is provided on the side wall of the clamping block (405), the outer wall of the guide rod (405) is slidably sleeved on the inner wall of the guide hole (406), the outer wall of the guide rod (405) is sleeved with a spring (407) that is tightly pressed against the clamping block (405), and a wedge-shaped surface is provided on the side of the clamping block (405) facing the outside of the slot (401).
4. The automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a rotating ring (601) rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed ring (1); the inner wall of the rotating ring (601) located below the fixed ring (1) is fixedly sleeved with an internal gear (602); the internal gear (602) is meshed with a driving gear (603); and a second motor (604) axially connected to the driving gear (603) is fixedly mounted on the fixed disc (3).
5. The automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotating ring (601) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged first U-shaped frames (605), and two third motors (606) are fixedly installed on the two first U-shaped frames (605). The output ends of the two third motors (606) are axially connected with two winding wheels (607) arranged inside the two first U-shaped frames (605). Two pull belts (608) are wound in the two winding wheels (607), and one end of the two pull belts (608) away from the two winding wheels (607) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sliding block (5). The first U-shaped frame (605) is fixedly connected with two connecting plates (609), and the two connecting plates (609) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sliding block (5). 09) is rotatably connected to a groove wheel (610) through a connecting shaft, which is used to press the pull belt (608) onto the outer wall of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2); the bottom of the pull belt (608) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2), the side walls of the two connecting plates (609) are fixedly connected to a U-shaped bracket (611), the top of the U-shaped bracket (611) is fixedly connected to an arc rod (612), the center of the arc rod (612) coincides with the center of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2), the top of the outer sliding block (5) is fixedly connected to a guide block (613), and the outer wall of the arc rod (612) is slidably connected to the two side walls of the guide block (613).
6. The automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer slider (5) is provided with an inwardly concave arc surface, and the inwardly concave arc surface is slidably connected to the hemispherical soundproof cover (2); the top of the inner slider (8) is provided with an outwardly convex arc surface, and the outwardly convex arc surface is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2); a vacuum groove is provided on the top of the inner slider (8), and the inner slider (8) is adsorbed on the inner wall of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2) by the negative pressure of the vacuum groove.
7. The automatic calibration detection device for an acoustic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the multi-section telescopic electric cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to a circular block (1001); the outer wall of the circular block (1001) is fixedly connected to a plurality of connecting rods (1002) arranged in a circular array; one end of the connecting rod (1002) away from the circular block (1001) is fixedly connected to an interference sound generator (12); the center of the bottom of the circular block (1001) is fixedly connected to the top of a standard sound generator (11); and the distances from the standard sound generator (11) and the plurality of interference sound generators (12) to the center of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2) are equal.
8. An acoustic sensor automatic calibration detection method, using an acoustic sensor automatic calibration detection device as described in claim 1; the controller is also connected to a preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, a standard tone matching module, a sensitivity analysis module and a calibration module; the specific steps are as follows: S1, loading the acoustic sensor to be detected on the sensor material tray (4), rotating the sensor material tray (4), and rotating the acoustic sensor to be detected to the mounting hole at the center of the fixed disc (3), and the signal receiving end of the acoustic sensor is located at the center of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2); S2, the outer slider (5) is kept at the top of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2), the multi-section telescopic electric cylinder (10) is located at the top of the inside of the hemispherical soundproof cover (2), and the telescopic end of the multi-section telescopic electric cylinder (10) is kept in the initial state; S3, the standard sound generator (11) and a plurality of interference sound generators (12) with different timbres sound at the same time, the acoustic sensor to be detected receives the sound signal and transmits the sound signal to the preprocessing module, which first performs filtering, and the filtering frequency response function is: (f) is the frequency of the received sound signal, f1 and f2 are the lower and upper limits of the standard timbre frequency range respectively; Then the filtered sound signal is amplified to amplify the sound signal strength to a set effective processing range; Finally, the amplified sound signal is converted into a digital signal; The controller samples the acoustic sensor at a frequency of f s , f s ≥2f2; S4, the feature extraction module extracts feature parameters from the digital signal, specifically including: extracting the base frequency, calculating the autocorrelation function of the discrete digital sound signal: Where x(n) is a discrete digital sound signal, N is the number of sample points of the digital sound signal, m is the delay amount, and n is the time index; then the fundamental frequency value Where m0 is the fundamental frequency f0 and R xx (m) The delay corresponding to the peak value; Extract the harmonic components and perform fast Fourier transform on the digital sound signal to obtain its spectrum value: Where k is the frequency index, and the harmonic component characteristics are obtained by determining the frequency position and amplitude of each harmonic according to the fundamental frequency; Extract the timbre envelope and divide the digital sound signal into several short-time frames. Zero crossing rate Where m is the frame index, N S is the number of sample points per frame, sgn[·] is the sign function, and the timbre envelope characteristics are determined by analyzing the time variation of the short-time energy and zero-crossing rate of each frame; S5, the extracted feature parameter vector is Feature parameter vector in standard timbre feature template The standard timbre matching module matches the extracted feature parameters with the pre-stored standard timbre feature template. and The distance between When d<threshold d th , the timbre of the currently collected sound signal matches the standard timbre, otherwise it does not match; S6, the sensitivity analysis module analyzes the capture sensitivity of the acoustic sensor to the standard timbre according to the result of the standard timbre matching: Set the total number of acquisitions to N total , the number of successful standard timbre matching is N match , then the capture sensitivity If S<S th , it is determined that the current acoustic sensor is not sensitive enough to capture the standard tone, otherwise the sensitivity is good, where S th is the preset sensitivity threshold; S7, when S<S th When the calibration module calibrates the parameters of the acoustic sensor through the controller, and writes the parameters into the acoustic sensor; S8, the multi-section telescopic electric cylinder (10) reaches a preset position by extending the telescopic end, and then steps S3 to S7 are performed; S9, the controller drives the outer slider (5) to slide on the hemispherical soundproof cover (2) through the adjustment mechanism (6), and the outer slider (5) reaches a preset position, and the outer slider (5) moves following the outer slider (5), and then steps S3 to S8 are performed; S10, performing step S9 multiple times according to multiple preset position data in the controller, and performing multi-directional calibration detection.
9. The automatic calibration detection method for an acoustic sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pre-processing module performs filtering through a band-pass filter, amplifies through an amplifier, and performs digital signal conversion through a digital-to-analog converter.