Variable lateral confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device and simulation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable lateral confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device and method, and the simulation device comprises a gland, an outer layer frame and an inner layer test area, and can independently carry out a non-lateral deformation consolidation test, a one-way weak / unconstrained pressurized settlement test, a multidirectional variable constraint pressurized settlement test and a stress conduction test. The simulation device is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, the rigidity of the simulation device is improved, and the influence of self deformation of the simulation device on the test is further reduced; the inner plate is designed in a sliding manner, so that the relationship among a plurality of factors such as pressure, compression amount, displacement amount, bottom pressure and time under the condition of 0-3 free surfaces can be independently or synchronously simulated, and a simulation scene is closer to the real condition of the strip mine dumping site; the test process is simple to operate, high in measurement precision and reliable in simulation result; the simulation device is exquisite and simple in design structure, common in materials, convenient to manufacture and suitable for large-scale popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a simulation device, and more particularly to a variable lateral confinement consolidation and settlement simulation device and a simulation method. Background Art

[0002] The settlement of the waste dump in open-pit mines affects the safe production of mines and the subsequent ecological restoration of the waste dump. Accurately predicting the settlement direction and degree is of great significance for open-pit mines. Existing compaction consolidation test benches are all rigidly and uniformly constrained, that is, the surroundings and the bottom of the test bench are all rigid and cannot generate displacement. However, for the waste dump in open-pit mines, due to factors such as the geological conditions, the shape of the waste dump bench, and the location of the goaf, the settlement displacement direction is not unique. As a result, the existing compaction consolidation test benches cannot accurately simulate the settlement of the waste dump, directly affecting the reasonable determination of the safe height of the waste dump bench and the calculation of the effective capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a variable lateral confinement consolidation and settlement simulation device and a simulation method, the simulation scenario is closer to the real situation of the waste dump in open-pit mines, and the simulation results are more realistic.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A variable lateral confinement consolidation and settlement simulation device includes an outer front plate, an outer back plate, an outer left side plate, an outer right side plate and a bottom plate. The left and right sides of the outer front plate and the outer back plate are respectively connected to the front and back sides of the outer left side plate and the outer right side plate. The bottom sides of the outer front plate, the outer back plate, the outer left side plate and the outer right side plate are connected to the top surface of the bottom plate. The outer front plate, the outer back plate, the outer left side plate and the outer right side plate form an outer frame. It further includes a pressure cover, an inner front plate, an inner back plate, an inner left side plate and an inner right side plate. The inner back plate is located inside the outer back plate. The left and right sides of the inner back plate are respectively connected to the outer left side plate and the outer right side plate. The bottom side of the inner back plate is connected to the top surface of the bottom plate. The inner back plate and the outer back plate are rigidly connected by support columns. Inner side plate slides are respectively arranged at positions close to the left and right sides on the inner side surface of the inner back plate and at positions close to the left and right sides on the inner side surface of the outer front plate. The front and back sides of the inner left side plate and the inner right side plate are respectively connected to the inner back plate and the outer front plate through the inner side plate slides. Inner front plate slides are respectively arranged at positions close to the outer front plate on the inner side surfaces of the inner left side plate and the inner right side plate. An expansion cylinder is arranged inside the inner front plate. Expansion bars are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the expansion cylinder. The left and right expansion bars are respectively connected to the inner left side plate and the inner right side plate through the inner front plate slides. The bottom sides of the inner front plate, the inner left side plate and the inner right side plate are in contact with the bottom plate. The inner back plate, the inner front plate, the inner left side plate and the inner right side plate enclose a test area. A pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom plate within the test area. Hydraulic cylinders and limit blocks are provided between the inner front plate and the outer front plate, between the inner left side plate and the outer left side plate, and between the inner right side plate and the outer right side plate. The two ends of the limit block are respectively clamped through limit slots, and the limit slots are respectively arranged on the inner side surfaces of the outer front plate, the outer left side plate, and the outer right side plate and the outer side surfaces of the inner front plate, the inner left side plate, and the inner right side plate; The gland includes a cover body, a central disc, a pressure column, and a pressure plate. The shape and size of the cover body are adapted to the outer frame. A central disc is arranged at the center position of the cover body. The upper and lower ends of the pressure column are respectively connected to the lower end surface of the central disc and the upper end surface of the pressure plate. The pressure plate is located above the test area, and the gland is detachably connected to the outer frame.

[0005] Furthermore, reinforcing columns are respectively arranged at the four inner corners of the outer frame.

[0006] Furthermore, connecting columns are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the inner side surfaces of the outer front plate, the outer back plate, the outer left side plate, and the outer right side plate.

[0007] Furthermore, connecting columns are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the four sides of the lower end surface of the cover body. The four connecting columns on the lower end surface of the cover body and the four connecting columns of the outer frame are respectively connected through connecting buckles.

[0008] Furthermore, there are two sets of upper and lower telescopic cylinders arranged at intervals; multiple hydraulic cylinders and limit blocks are arranged at intervals between the inner front plate and the outer front plate, between the inner left side plate and the outer left side plate, and between the inner right side plate and the outer right side plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a lifting ring is arranged on the upper top surface of the central disc.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure sensors are arranged in a checkerboard pattern on the bottom plate within the test area.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure plate and the pressure column are connected by a buckle, and the shape of the pressure plate can be selected as circular, square, or rectangular according to the test content.

[0012] A method for simulating variable lateral confinement consolidation and settlement: Simulating the consolidation test without lateral deformation: The pressure column applies vertical pressure, and the relationship among the pressure of the pressure column, the compression amount of the material, and the pressurization time of the material is recorded; Simulating the unidirectional weak / unconstrained pressurized settlement test: Remove the limit block between the inner front plate and the outer front plate, set the pressure upper limit for the hydraulic cylinder between the inner front plate and the outer front plate, the pressure column applies vertical pressure, and the relationship among the pressure of the pressure column, the compression amount of the material, the displacement amount of the inner front plate, the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor, and the pressurization time of the material is recorded; Simulated multi-direction variable constraint pressurized settlement test: Remove all the limit blocks between the inner front plate and the outer front plate, between the inner left plate and the outer left plate, and between the inner right plate and the outer right plate. Set the upper limit of the support pressure for the hydraulic cylinders between the inner front plate and the outer front plate, between the inner left plate and the outer left plate, and between the inner right plate and the outer right plate. Apply vertical pressure with the pressure application column, and record twelve sets of data including the pressure of the pressure application column, the compression amount of the material, the pressure and horizontal displacement of the inner front plate, the pressure and horizontal displacement of the inner left plate and the inner right plate, the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor, and the pressurization time of the material. Simulated stress conduction test: Remove the limit block between the inner front plate and the outer front plate or the limit blocks between the inner left plate and the outer left plate, and between the inner right plate and the outer right plate. Preset the displacement limit of the inner front plate or the inner left plate and the inner right plate. Apply vertical pressure with the pressure application column, and record the relationship among the pressure of the pressure application column, the compression amount of the material, the pressure of the inner front plate or the inner left plate and the inner right plate, the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor, and the pressurization time of the material.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention divides the simulation test device into an inner layer and an outer layer, improving the rigidity of the simulation device and further reducing the influence of the deformation of the simulation device on the test. The inner plate adopts a slidable design, and can simulate the relationship among multiple factors such as pressure, compression amount, displacement amount, bottom pressure, and time under the condition of 0-3 free surfaces of the waste dump alone or synchronously. The simulation scenario is closer to the actual situation of the open-pit waste dump. Before the test, the material is loaded and the pressure and displacement limits of the surrounding hydraulic cylinders are set. The operation during the test is simple. Only the action of the pressure application column needs to be controlled, and other parameters are automatically collected. The measurement accuracy is high and the simulation results are reliable. The simulation device adopts components such as a steel structure, a hydraulic system, and connectors. The design structure is delicate and simple, the materials used are common, and the production is convenient, which is suitable for large-scale promotion. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a top view structural sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view structural sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the bottom plate of the present invention; In the figure: 1 - outer front plate; 2 - outer back plate; 3 - outer left plate; 4 - outer right plate; 5 - bottom plate; 6 - strengthening column; 7 - connecting column; 8 - connecting buckle; 9 - pressure sensor; 10 - inner front plate; 11 - inner back plate; 12 - inner left plate; 13 - inner right plate; 14 - support column; 15 - inner side plate slide rail; 16 - telescopic cylinder; 17 - telescopic strip; 18 - test area; 19 - inner front plate slide rail; 20 - hydraulic cylinder; 21 - limit groove; 22 - limit block; 23 - cover body; 24 - central plate; 25 - pressure application column; 26 - pressure application plate; 27 - lifting ring. Detailed Embodiments

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, the present invention provides a variable lateral confinement consolidation and settlement simulation device: The simulation device includes a gland, an outer frame, and an inner test area. The outer frame includes an outer front plate 1, an outer back plate 2, an outer left side plate 3, an outer right side plate 4, and a bottom plate 5. The left and right sides of the outer front plate 1 and the outer back plate 2 are respectively connected to the front and back sides of the outer left side plate 3 and the outer right side plate 4. The bottom edges of the outer front plate 1, the outer back plate 2, the outer left side plate 3, and the outer right side plate 4 are connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 5. The outer front plate 1, the outer back plate 2, the outer left side plate 3, and the outer right side plate 4 form a steel structure outer frame, which mainly plays a supporting role. Reinforcing columns 6 are respectively arranged at the four inner corners of the outer frame to further enhance the support. Connecting columns 7 are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the inner side surfaces of the outer front plate 1, the outer back plate 2, the outer left side plate 3, and the outer right side plate 4.

[0018] The inner test area includes an inner front plate 10, an inner back plate 11, an inner left side plate 12 and an inner right side plate 13. The inner back plate 11 is located inside the outer back plate 2. The left and right sides of the inner back plate 11 are respectively connected to the outer left side plate 3 and the outer right side plate 4. The bottom edge of the inner back plate 11 is connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 5. The inner back plate 11 and the outer back plate 2 are rigidly connected by support columns 14. Inner side plate slide rails 15 are respectively arranged at positions near the left and right sides on the inner side surface of the inner back plate 11 and at positions near the left and right sides on the inner side surface of the outer front plate 1. The front and back sides of the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 are respectively connected to the inner back plate 11 and the outer front plate 1 through the inner side plate slide rails 15, so that the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 can move along the inner side plate slide rails 15. Inner front plate slide rails 19 are respectively arranged at positions on the inner side surfaces of the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 near the outer front plate 1. The inner front plate 10 is a composite steel structure plate. Two sets of telescopic cylinders 16 are arranged at intervals up and down inside the inner front plate 10. Telescopic bars 17 are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the telescopic cylinders 16. The left and right telescopic bars 17 are respectively connected to the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 through the inner front plate slide rails 19, so that the inner front plate 10 can move along the inner front plate slide rails 19. The telescopic bars 17 can be passively stretched with the displacement of the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 to ensure the plane sealing of the test area 18. The telescopic cylinders 16 record the displacement of the telescopic bars 17 and help the telescopic bars 17, the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 to reset after the test. The bottom edges of the inner front plate 10, the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 are in contact with the bottom plate 5. The inner back plate 11, the inner front plate 10, the inner left side plate 12 and the inner right side plate 13 enclose the test area 18. As Figure 3 shown, pressure sensors 9 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern on the bottom plate 5 within the test area 18 to monitor the positive pressure received at different positions in the test area 18 and record the pressure distribution after the transmission of the loose material, that is, to detect the law of the pressure transmission of materials with different structures and thicknesses. A plurality of hydraulic cylinders 20 and limit blocks 22 are arranged at intervals between the inner front plate 10 and the outer front plate 1, between the inner left side plate 12 and the outer left side plate 3, and between the inner right side plate 13 and the outer right side plate 4. The supporting force of the hydraulic cylinders 20 is adjustable, and the telescopic amount of the corresponding inner plate can be monitored. The limit blocks 22 can achieve the rigid fixation between the corresponding inner and outer plates to avoid displacement. The two ends of the limit blocks 22 are respectively clamped through limit grooves 21, and the limit grooves 21 are respectively arranged on the inner side surfaces of the outer front plate 1, the outer left side plate 3, the outer right side plate 4 and on the outer side surfaces of the inner front plate 10, the inner left side plate 12, the inner right side plate 13.

[0019] The gland comprises a cover body 23, a central disk 24, a pressure column 25 and a pressure plate 26. The shape and size of the cover body 23 are adapted to the outer frame. A central disk 24 is arranged at the center position of the cover body 23. The upper and lower ends of the pressure column 25 are respectively connected to the lower end face of the central disk 24 and the upper end face of the pressure plate 26. A lifting ring 27 is arranged on the upper top surface of the central disk 24. The pressure plate 26 is located above the test area 18. Connecting columns 7 are respectively arranged at the middle positions of the four sides of the lower end face of the cover body 23. The four connecting columns 7 on the lower end face of the cover body 23 correspond to the four connecting columns 7 of the outer frame and are respectively connected through connecting buckles 8, realizing the detachable connection between the gland and the outer frame.

[0020] To enable the integral movement of the present invention and facilitate field test use, the hydraulic pump and the data recorder are arranged on the bottom plate 5 between the inner back plate 11 and the outer back plate 2.

[0021] The present invention can independently conduct the non-lateral deformation consolidation test, independently conduct the unidirectional weak / unconstrained pressure settlement test, independently conduct the multi-directional variable constraint pressure settlement test, and independently conduct the stress conduction test.

[0022] Test preparation stage: First, open the gland through the lifting ring 27, then install the limit block 22 in the limit groove 21, fill the material in the test area 18 according to the design, and then cover the gland and lock it through the connecting buckle 8; simulate the stress conduction under different pressure shapes by adjusting the shape of the pressure plate 26, such as the pressure plate 26 in a circular, square or rectangular shape.

[0023] Independently conduct the non-lateral deformation consolidation test (i.e., the large-scale traditional consolidation test): The pressure column 25 applies a vertical pressure, and record the relationship among the pressure of the pressure column 25, the compression amount of the material, and the pressurization time of the material.

[0024] Independently conduct the unidirectional weak / unconstrained pressure settlement test (i.e., simulate the concave waste dump): Remove the limit block 22 between the inner front plate 10 and the outer front plate 1, set the pressure upper limit for the hydraulic cylinder 20 between the inner front plate 10 and the outer front plate 1, the pressure column 25 applies a vertical pressure, and record the relationship among the pressure of the pressure column 25, the compression amount of the material, the displacement amount of the inner front plate 10, the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor 9, and the pressurization time of the material.

[0025] Independently conduct a multi-directional variable constraint pressurized settlement test (i.e., simulate a convex waste dump): Remove all the limit blocks 22 between the inner front plate 10 and the outer front plate 1, between the inner left plate 12 and the outer left plate 3, and between the inner right plate 13 and the outer right plate 4. Set the support pressure upper limit for the hydraulic cylinders 20 between the inner front plate 10 and the outer front plate 1, between the inner left plate 12 and the outer left plate 3, and between the inner right plate 13 and the outer right plate 4. Apply a vertical pressure with the pressure column 25, and record twelve sets of data including the pressure of the pressure column 25, the compression amount of the material, the pressure and horizontal displacement of the inner front plate 10, the pressure and horizontal displacement of the inner left plate 12 and the inner right plate 13, the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 20, the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor 9, and the pressurization time of the material.

[0026] Independently conduct a stress conduction test: Remove the limit block 22 between the inner front plate 10 and the outer front plate 1 or the limit blocks 22 between the inner left plate 12 and the outer left plate 3, and between the inner right plate 13 and the outer right plate 4. Preset the displacement limit of the inner front plate 10 or the inner left plate 12 and the inner right plate 13 in advance. Apply a vertical pressure with the pressure column 25, and record the relationship among the pressure of the pressure column 25, the compression amount of the material, the pressure of the inner front plate 10 or the inner left plate 12 and the inner right plate 13, the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor 9, and the pressurization time of the material.

[0027] The above four tests have no sequence and are all independent tests. One simulation device can perform multiple different tests to simulate various on-site environments.

[0028] Waste dump settlement prediction based on the integral method: When the internal friction angle of the material is greater than the slope angle of the waste dump slope, it is considered that there is no lateral displacement of the material in the lower nth unit. Calculate the settlement amount using the results of the consolidation test without lateral deformation, and at the same time select the settlement amount under the self-weight pressure of the n - 1 differential unit as the calculation base value.

[0029] When the internal friction angle of the material is less than the slope angle of the waste dump slope or the slope surface angle, it is considered that the material is subjected to weak lateral constraints, and the constraint force is the lateral material gravity multiplied by the friction coefficient. Calculate the settlement amount using the corresponding test results, and at the same time use the settlement amount under the self-weight pressure of the n - 1 differential unit as the calculation base value.

[0030] For the additional load generated by the equipment operation, use the method of the unidirectional weak constraint pressurized settlement test to calculate the lateral constraint of the material. Use the data of the bottom pressure sensor obtained in the stress conduction test to calculate the overburden pressure of the nth unit, and then obtain the settlement and horizontal displacement through the weak lateral constraint pressurized experiment.

[0031] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any aspect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0032] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable side limit restraint consolidation and settlement simulation device, comprising an outer front plate (1), an outer back plate (2), an outer left side plate (3), an outer right side plate (4) and a bottom plate (5), the left and right sides of the outer front plate (1) and the outer back plate (2) are respectively connected to the front and rear sides of the outer left side plate (3) and the outer right side plate (4), the bottom sides of the outer front plate (1), the outer back plate (2), the outer left side plate (3) and the outer right side plate (4) are connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (5), and the outer front plate (1), the outer back plate (2), the outer left side plate (3) and the outer right side plate (4) constitute an outer frame; It is characterized in that It also includes a gland, an inner front plate (10), an inner back plate (11), an inner left plate (12) and an inner right plate (13), wherein the inner back plate (11) is located on the inner side of the outer back plate (2), the left and right sides of the inner back plate (11) are respectively connected to the outer left plate (3) and the outer right plate (4), the bottom edge of the inner back plate (11) is connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (5), and the inner back plate (11) and the outer back plate (2) are rigidly connected via a support column (14); Inner panel slide rails (15) are respectively arranged at positions near the left and right sides of the inner side surface of the inner back panel (11) and at positions near the left and right sides of the inner side surface of the outer front panel (1), and the front and rear sides of the inner left panel (12) and the inner right panel (13) are respectively connected to the inner back panel (11) and the outer front panel (1) via the inner panel slide rails (15); Inner front panel slide rails (19) are respectively arranged at positions close to the outer front panel (1) on the inner side surfaces of the inner left panel (12) and the inner right panel (13); a telescopic cylinder (16) is arranged inside the inner front panel (10); telescopic bars (17) are respectively arranged at left and right ends of the telescopic cylinder (16); and the left and right telescopic bars (17) are respectively connected to the inner left panel (12) and the inner right panel (13) via the inner front panel slide rails (19); The bottom edges of the inner front plate (10), the inner left plate (12) and the inner right plate (13) are in contact with the bottom plate (5); the inner back plate (11), the inner front plate (10), the inner left plate (12) and the inner right plate (13) form a test area (18); a pressure sensor (9) is provided on the bottom plate (5) within the test area (18); A hydraulic cylinder (20) and a limit block (22) are provided between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1), between the inner left plate (12) and the outer left plate (3), and between the inner right plate (13) and the outer right plate (4); two ends of the limit block (22) are respectively engaged by limit grooves (21); and the limit grooves (21) are respectively provided on the inner side surfaces of the outer front plate (1), the outer left plate (3), and the outer right plate (4) and on the outer side surfaces of the inner front plate (10), the inner left plate (12), and the inner right plate (13); The pressure cover comprises a cover body (23), a central disk (24), a pressure column (25) and a pressure plate (26); the shape and size of the cover body (23) are adapted to the outer frame; the central disk (24) is arranged at the center of the cover body (23); the upper and lower ends of the pressure column (25) are respectively connected to the lower end surface of the central disk (24) and the upper end surface of the pressure plate (26); the pressure plate (26) is located above the test area (18); and the pressure cover is detachably connected to the outer frame.

2. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reinforcement columns (6) are respectively arranged at the four inner corners of the outer frame.

3. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting columns (7) are respectively provided at the middle positions of the inner sides of the outer front plate (1), the outer back plate (2), the outer left side plate (3) and the outer right side plate (4).

4. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Connecting columns (7) are respectively provided at the middle positions of the four sides of the lower end surface of the cover body (23); the four connecting columns (7) on the lower end surface of the cover body (23) are respectively connected to the four connecting columns (7) on the outer frame via connecting buckles (8).

5. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinders (16) have two groups, one above the other, which are spaced apart. A plurality of hydraulic cylinders (20) and limit blocks (22) are spaced apart between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1), between the inner left side plate (12) and the outer left side plate (3), and between the inner right side plate (13) and the outer right side plate (4).

6. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting ring (27) is provided on the upper top surface of the central plate (24).

7. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensors (9) are arranged in a checkerboard pattern on the bottom plate (5) within the test area (18).

8. The variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (26) and the pressure column (25) are connected by snap fastening, and the pressure plate (26) is circular, square or rectangular in shape.

9. A variable confinement constraint consolidation and settlement simulation method, characterized in that: Simulating a consolidation test without lateral deformation: a pressure column (25) applies vertical pressure, and records the relationship between the pressure of the pressure column (25), the compression amount of the material, and the pressure time of the material; Simulating a unidirectional weak / unconstrained pressurized settlement test: removing the limit block (22) between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1), setting the upper pressure limit of the hydraulic cylinder (20) between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1), applying vertical pressure with the pressurizing column (25), and recording the relationship between the pressure of the pressurizing column (25), the compression amount of the material, the displacement of the inner front plate (10), the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor (9), and the pressurization time of the material; Simulating a multi-directional variable constraint pressurized settlement test: all the limit blocks (22) between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1), the inner left plate (12) and the outer left plate (3), and the inner right plate (13) and the outer right plate (4) are removed, and the hydraulic cylinder (20) between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1), the inner left plate (12) and the outer left plate (3), and the inner right plate (13) and the outer right plate (4) is set with an upper limit of the support pressure, and the pressurizing column (25) applies vertical pressure, and records the pressure of the pressurizing column (25), the compression amount of the material, the pressure and horizontal displacement of the inner front plate (10), the pressure and horizontal displacement of the inner left plate (12) and the inner right plate (13), the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder (20), the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor (9), and the pressurization time of the material, a total of twelve sets of data; Simulated stress conduction test: remove the limit block (22) between the inner front plate (10) and the outer front plate (1) or the limit block (22) between the inner left plate (12) and the outer left plate (3), or the inner right plate (13) and the outer right plate (4), and pre-set the displacement limit of the inner front plate (10) or the inner left plate (12), or the inner right plate (13). Apply vertical pressure with the pressure column (25), and record the relationship between the pressure of the pressure column (25), the compression amount of the material, the pressure of the inner front plate (10) or the inner left plate (12), or the inner right plate (13), the pressure value of the bottom pressure sensor (9), and the pressurization time of the material.

Images