Impact scratch test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an impact scratch test device and test method, belonging to the technical field of impact scratch testing. The device includes an impact scratch test mechanism for performing a scratch test on a test sample, a spring force storage mechanism for providing impact power to the impact scratch test mechanism, an impact motion mechanism for causing the spring force storage mechanism to store power, a clamping mechanism for fixing the test sample, and a data acquisition system for collecting load and displacement data during the impact scratch test. The impact motion mechanism can drive the impact scratch test mechanism to move toward the spring force storage mechanism and cause the spring force storage mechanism to store power. The spring force storage mechanism releases the impact force to push the impact scratch test mechanism to perform an impact scratch test on the test sample. Alternatively, the impact motion mechanism directly drives the impact scratch test mechanism to move at a uniform speed and perform a constant speed scratch test on the test sample. The device can realize both impact scratch testing and constant speed scratch testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of impact scratch testing, and in particular to an impact scratch testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Impact scratch testing technology is an important means of evaluating the surface properties of materials. Currently, a single-pendulum impact scratch tester is commonly used to conduct impact scratch tests and evaluate the scratch mechanical properties of various materials. The single-pendulum impact scratch test is a dynamic mechanical testing method primarily used to evaluate the bonding strength and wear resistance of surface coatings and substrates. Its core principle is to use a single-pendulum device carrying a hard scratching head to apply an impact load to the specimen surface and form a scratch. Parameters such as normal force, tangential force, and energy loss during the scratching process are simultaneously recorded in real time. By combining force-energy dual-dimensional data, the mechanical properties of the material surface coating, such as bonding strength and wear resistance, are evaluated. However, the impact force control of the single-pendulum impact scratch test relies on mechanical limiters, resulting in large energy output errors. Moreover, the single-pendulum impact scratch test can only rely on the swing arm to carry the scratching head to scratch the specimen surface at a certain initial velocity, and cannot achieve constant velocity scratch testing, making it difficult to evaluate the mechanical properties under impact scratching from multiple dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an impact scratch test device and a test method, which can realize impact scratch testing and constant speed scratch testing on a test sample.

[0004] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An impact scratch test device includes a fixing platform, a frame-shaped fixing frame, an impact scratch test mechanism, a spring force storage mechanism, an impact movement mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a data acquisition system;

[0006] The frame-shaped fixing frame is arranged above the fixing platform and consists of an upper crossbeam and support columns on both sides. The bottom surface of the upper crossbeam of the frame-shaped fixing frame is provided with a first slide rail, and the middle part of the frame-shaped fixing frame is provided with a second slide rail parallel to the first slide rail.

[0007] The impact scratch testing mechanism is arranged below the second slide rail and is slidably connected to the second slide rail; the spring force storage mechanism is arranged below the second slide rail and fixed to the inner side of a support column on one side of the frame-shaped fixing frame, and the impact end of the spring force storage mechanism faces the impact scratch testing mechanism; the impact movement mechanism is arranged above the second slide rail, and the top of the impact movement mechanism is slidably connected to the first slide rail, and the bottom of the impact movement mechanism is connected to the top of the impact scratch testing mechanism through a locking mechanism; the clamping mechanism is arranged on the fixed table;

[0008] The impact scratch testing mechanism includes a scratch indenter, an indenter fixing rod and an indenter connecting plate. The top of the indenter connecting plate is slidably connected to the second slide rail via a second slider, and the scratch indenter is fixed below the indenter connecting plate via the indenter fixing rod.

[0009] At least one group of the spring force storage mechanism is provided, and each group of the spring force storage mechanism includes a spring rebound rod and a force storage spring sleeved on the spring rebound rod, and the impact end of the spring rebound rod of the spring force storage mechanism faces the pressure head connecting plate of the impact scratch test mechanism;

[0010] The impact motion mechanism includes a drive motor, a screw, a screw mounting seat and a slide. The drive motor is arranged below the upper crossbeam and on a side away from the spring storage mechanism. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the screw and is used to drive the screw to rotate. The screw mounting seat is arranged below the upper crossbeam and both ends of the screw are rotatably connected to the screw mounting seat through bearings. The slide is sleeved on the screw and has a threaded hole in the center of the slide that matches the screw. The top of the slide is slidably connected to the first slide rail through a first slider, and the bottom of the slide is connected to the top of the impact scratch test mechanism through a locking mechanism.

[0011] The data acquisition system includes a three-dimensional force sensor and a laser displacement sensor. The three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the clamping mechanism and is located below the sample to be tested. The laser displacement sensor is arranged below the second slide rail and fixed to the inner side of the support column of the frame-shaped fixing frame away from the spring force storage mechanism. The test end of the laser displacement sensor faces the impact scratch test mechanism.

[0012] The impact motion mechanism drives the impact scratch testing mechanism to move toward the spring force storage mechanism through the locking mechanism and causes the spring force storage mechanism to store force. After the locking mechanism is opened, the spring force storage mechanism releases the impact force to push the impact scratch testing mechanism to perform an impact scratch test on the sample to be tested installed on the clamping mechanism; or, the impact motion mechanism drives the impact scratch testing mechanism to move at a uniform speed through the locking mechanism and performs a constant speed scratch test on the sample to be tested installed on the clamping mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring fixed stop is fixedly provided at the impact end of the spring rebound rod, and a spring limiting stop is sleeved on the end of the spring rebound rod away from the impact end, and the spring fixed stop and the spring limiting stop are fixedly connected to the two ends of the force storage spring respectively; a plastic buffer head is sleeved on the outside of the spring fixed stop, and a spring travel seat with a central through hole is fixedly provided on the side of the spring limiting stop away from the impact end of the spring rebound rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes an angular fixing seat, a locking claw and a locking ring; the horizontal part of the angular fixing seat is fixed to the bottom of the slide of the impact movement mechanism, and the vertical part of the angular fixing seat is located on the side close to the spring storage mechanism; one end of the locking claw is hinged to the vertical part of the angular fixing seat, and a locking spring is arranged between the top of the locking claw and the horizontal part of the angular fixing seat, and a structural giveway is provided on the side of the vertical part of the angular fixing seat on the bottom surface of the locking claw close to the vertical part of the angular fixing seat, and a locking groove is formed with the vertical part of the angular fixing seat to cooperate with the locking ring, and the locking ring is a rectangular ring structure, and the locking ring is arranged around the second slide rail, the second slider and the pressure head connecting plate, and the locking ring is fixedly connected to the pressure head connecting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping vise and a clamping fixing plate, the clamping fixing plate is arranged above the fixing table, and the clamping vise is arranged above the clamping fixing plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged between the clamping vise and the clamping fixing plate.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an angle adjustment platform for adjusting the angle of the clamping vise and a height adjustment platform for adjusting the height of the clamping vise. The height adjustment platform is arranged above the clamping fixed plate, the angle adjustment platform is arranged above the height adjustment platform, the clamping vise is arranged above the angle adjustment platform, and the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged between the angle adjustment platform and the height adjustment platform.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a feedback control system, which includes a host computer and a PLC controller, and the host computer is communicatively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is communicatively connected to the drive motor, the three-dimensional force sensor, and the laser displacement sensor.

[0019] The present invention also provides an impact scratch test method, which utilizes the above-mentioned impact scratch test device and includes the following steps:

[0020] (1) Fix the sample to be tested on the clamping mechanism and adjust its installation position;

[0021] (2) Slide the impact scratch test mechanism to the impact motion mechanism position, and use the locking mechanism to lock the impact scratch test mechanism and the impact motion mechanism, control the impact motion mechanism to drive the impact scratch test mechanism to move toward the side of the spring force storage mechanism, and stop the movement when the impact scratch test mechanism is 2 to 5 mm away from the spring force storage mechanism. Then adjust the parameters of the impact motion mechanism so that it drives the impact scratch test mechanism to slowly move toward the spring force storage mechanism and compress the spring force storage mechanism, and stop the movement when the compression displacement requirement of the impact energy is reached;

[0022] (3) Release the locking mechanism, and the spring force storage mechanism provides impact force output to the impact scratch test mechanism, which performs an impact scratch test on the test sample. At the same time, the data acquisition system collects the corresponding load and displacement data;

[0023] (4) Reset the impact motion mechanism and repeat the above steps (1) to (3) for multiple tests;

[0024] (5) Analyze the impact energy and load and displacement data collected by the data acquisition system to evaluate the mechanical properties of the test sample.

[0025] Furthermore, during the impact scratch test, if it is necessary to perform the scratch test at a constant speed, the locking mechanism is used to lock the impact scratch test mechanism and the impact motion mechanism, and the impact scratch test mechanism is directly driven by the impact motion mechanism at a constant speed to press into the test sample until the surface of the test sample reaches a critical state or the load reaches the test requirements, and the movement stops.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention provides an impact scratch test device, comprising an impact scratch test mechanism for performing a scratch test on a test sample, a spring force storage mechanism for providing impact power to the impact scratch test mechanism, and an impact motion mechanism for driving the impact scratch test mechanism to move and causing the spring force storage mechanism to store power, wherein the impact motion mechanism is connected to the impact scratch test mechanism via a locking mechanism. The test device can realize an impact scratch test and a constant speed scratch test on the test sample through the impact scratch test mechanism, the spring force storage mechanism, the impact motion mechanism and the locking mechanism;

[0028] (2) The test device of the present invention integrates a three-dimensional force sensor and a laser displacement sensor for collecting load and displacement data during the impact scratch test. It can monitor the load and displacement data during the test and obtain relevant data on normal load / tangential load-scratch depth, impact energy-scratch depth, and impact velocity-scratch depth, providing more comprehensive evaluation indicators for analyzing the mechanical properties of the test material under the scratch test;

[0029] (3) The test device of the present invention is provided with an angle adjustment platform, which can realize flexible adjustment of the scratch angle and scratch depth; the test device of the present invention is also provided with a height adjustment platform, which can adjust its installation height according to the thickness of the test sample, thereby testing the test samples of different thicknesses, and has universal applicability;

[0030] (4) The test device of the present invention can also realize closed-loop feedback by combining the data acquisition system, the impact motion mechanism and the feedback control system, thereby realizing dynamic control of the impact energy, ensuring that the actual impact energy provided by the spring force storage mechanism meets the test requirements, and improving the test accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impact scratch test device;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the impact scratch test mechanism;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the spring storage mechanism;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the impact motion mechanism;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the locking mechanism;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the locking mechanism and the impact scratch test mechanism;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the clamping mechanism, angle adjustment platform, and height adjustment platform.

[0038] Labels in the figure: 1. Fixing table; 2. Frame fixing frame; 201. Upper crossbeam; 202. Support column; 203. First slide rail; 204. Second slide rail; 3. Impact scratch test mechanism; 301. Scratch indenter; 302. Indenter fixing rod; 303. Indenter connecting plate; 304. Second slide; 4. Spring force storage mechanism; 401. Spring rebound rod; 402. Force storage spring; 403. Spring fixed block; 404. Spring limit block; 405. Plastic buffer head; 406. Spring travel 5. Impact motion mechanism; 501. Drive motor; 502. Screw; 503. Screw mounting seat; 504. Slide; 505. First slide; 6. Clamping mechanism; 601. Clamping vise; 602. Clamping fixing plate; 7. Locking mechanism; 701. Angle fixing seat; 702. Locking claw; 703. Locking ring; 704. Locking spring; 705. Locking slot; 8. Angle adjustment platform; 9. Height adjustment platform; 10. Three-dimensional force sensor; 11. Laser displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0040] Reference Figure 1The present embodiment provides an impact scratch test device, comprising a fixed platform 1 and a frame-shaped fixed frame 2. The frame-shaped fixed frame 2 is fixed above the fixed platform 1 by bolts and consists of an upper crossbeam 201 and support columns 202 on both sides. A first slide rail 203 is provided on the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam 201 of the frame-shaped fixed frame 2, and a second slide rail 204 parallel to the first slide rail 203 is further provided in the middle of the frame-shaped fixed frame 2. The device also includes an impact scratch test mechanism 3 for performing a scratch test on a test sample, a spring force storage mechanism 4 for providing impact power to the impact scratch test mechanism 3, an impact motion mechanism 5 for driving the impact scratch test mechanism 3 to move and allowing the spring force storage mechanism 4 to store force, and a device for fixing the test sample. The clamping mechanism 6 is a data acquisition system for collecting load and displacement data during the impact scratch test; and the above-mentioned impact scratch test mechanism 3 is arranged below the second slide rail 204 and is slidingly connected to the second slide rail 204; the above-mentioned spring force storage mechanism 4 is arranged below the second slide rail 204 and fixed to the inner side of the support column 202 on one side of the frame-shaped fixing frame 2, and the impact end of the above-mentioned spring force storage mechanism 4 faces the impact scratch test mechanism 3; the above-mentioned impact motion mechanism 5 is arranged above the second slide rail 204, and the top of the impact motion mechanism 5 is slidingly connected to the first slide rail 203, and the bottom of the impact motion mechanism 5 is connected to the top of the impact scratch test mechanism 3 through a locking mechanism 7; the above-mentioned clamping mechanism 6 is arranged on the fixed platform 1.

[0041] The above-mentioned impact scratch test device can be used to perform an impact scratch test or a constant speed scratch test on the test sample, that is: the above-mentioned impact motion mechanism 5 drives the impact scratch test mechanism 3 to move toward the spring force storage mechanism 4 through the locking mechanism 7 and causes the spring force storage mechanism 4 to store force. After the locking mechanism 7 is opened, the spring force storage mechanism 4 releases the impact force and pushes the impact scratch test mechanism 3 to perform an impact scratch test on the test sample; or, the above-mentioned impact motion mechanism 5 directly drives the impact scratch test mechanism 3 to move at a uniform speed through the locking mechanism 7 and performs a constant speed scratch test on the test sample.

[0042] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The impact scratch testing mechanism 3 includes a scratch indenter 301, an indenter fixing rod 302, and an indenter connecting plate 303. The top of the indenter connecting plate 303 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 204 via a second slider 304. The scratch indenter 301 is fixed to the bottom of the indenter connecting plate 303 via the indenter fixing rod 302. More specifically, the top of the indenter fixing rod 302 has a threaded section that is threadedly connected to the threaded hole in the center of the indenter connecting plate 303. The top of the scratch indenter 301 has a threaded rod that is threadedly connected to the threaded hole at the bottom of the indenter fixing rod 302.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 3The above-mentioned spring force storage mechanism 4 is provided in two groups, and both groups of spring force storage mechanisms 4 are parallel to the second slide rail, and the impact end of the spring force storage mechanism 4 is facing the pressure head connecting plate 303 of the impact scratch test mechanism 3. Each group of the above-mentioned spring force storage mechanism 4 specifically includes a spring rebound rod 401 and a force storage spring 402 sleeved on the spring rebound rod 401, the impact end of the spring rebound rod 401 is fixedly provided with a spring fixed block 403, and the end of the spring rebound rod 401 away from the impact end is sleeved with a spring limiting block 404, and the spring fixed block 403 and the spring limiting block 404 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the force storage spring 402; in addition, the outer surface of the spring fixed block 403 is sleeved with a plastic buffer head 405, and the side of the spring limiting block 404 away from the impact end of the spring rebound rod 401 is fixedly provided with a spring travel seat 406 with a central through hole, and the spring travel seat 406 is fixed to the inner side surface of the support column 202 of one side of the frame-shaped fixing frame 2. When the impact movement mechanism drives the impact scratch test mechanism toward and contacts the spring force storage mechanism through the locking mechanism, the impact scratch test mechanism can push the spring rebound rod to move along the spring limit block and the through-hole of the spring travel seat toward the spring travel seat, compressing the force storage spring and accumulating force. When the locking mechanism is unlocked, the force storage spring is released and drives the spring rebound rod to move, thereby pushing the impact scratch test mechanism to perform an impact scratch test on the test sample. In addition, to increase the travel of the spring rebound rod, the length of the central through-hole of the spring travel seat is the same as the length of the spring rebound rod. If the central through-hole of the spring travel seat is shorter than the length of the spring rebound rod, a through-hole connecting to the central through-hole of the spring travel seat can be opened on the support column at the installation location of the spring force storage mechanism.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 The impact motion mechanism 5 includes a drive motor 501, a lead screw 502, a lead screw mounting seat 503, and a slide 504. The drive motor 501 is fixedly mounted below the upper crossbeam 201 and on a side away from the spring force storage mechanism 4 via a drive motor mounting plate. The output shaft of the drive motor 501 is connected to one end of the lead screw 502 and is used to drive the lead screw 502 to rotate. Two lead screw mounting seats 503 are provided and fixed below the upper crossbeam 201. Both ends of the lead screw 502 are rotatably connected to the lead screw mounting seats 503 via bearings. The slide 504 is sleeved on the lead screw 502 and has a threaded hole in the center thereof that matches the lead screw 502. The top of the slide 504 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 203 via a first slider 505. The bottom of the slide 504 is connected to the top of the impact scratch test mechanism 3 via a locking mechanism 7.

[0045] Specifically, refer to Figure 5The locking mechanism 7 includes an angular fixing seat 701 , a locking claw 702 and a locking ring 703 . Among them, the angle fixing seat 701 is right-angled and includes a horizontal part and a vertical part pointing vertically downward. The horizontal part of the angle fixing seat 701 is fixed to the bottom of the slide 504 of the impact movement mechanism 5, and its vertical part is located on the side close to the spring storage mechanism 4; the locking claw 702 is arranged below the horizontal part of the angle fixing seat 701, and a locking spring 704 is arranged between the top of the locking claw 702 and the horizontal part of the angle fixing seat 701, and one end of the locking claw 702 is hinged to the middle and lower section of the vertical part of the angle fixing seat 701; in addition, the bottom surface of the above-mentioned locking claw 702 is also provided with a structure to give way on one side of the vertical part of the angle fixing seat 701, and the vertical part of the angle fixing seat 701 forms a locking groove 705 that cooperates with the locking ring 703. When the above-mentioned locking ring 703 is inserted into the locking groove 705, locking is achieved, and when the locking ring 703 is separated from the locking groove 705, unlocking is achieved. In addition, under the action of the lock spring, the initial position of the above-mentioned lock claw is parallel to the horizontal part of the angular fixing seat. At this time, the lock groove can clamp the lock ring; when it needs to be unlocked, the lock claw is rotated upward by hand to disengage the lock groove and the lock ring.

[0046] Specifically, refer to Figure 6 The locking ring 703 is a rectangular ring structure. The locking ring 703 is arranged around the second slide rail 204, the second slider 304 and the pressure head connecting plate 303, and the locking ring 703 is fixedly connected to the pressure head connecting plate 303.

[0047] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 The clamping mechanism 6 includes a clamping vise 601 and a clamping plate 602. The clamping plate 602 is mounted above the fixed platform 1, and the clamping vise 601 is mounted above the clamping plate 602. Furthermore, to adjust the height and angle of the test specimen, the impact scratch testing apparatus of this embodiment also includes an angle adjustment platform 8 for adjusting the angle of the clamping vise and a height adjustment platform 9 for adjusting the height of the clamping vise. The height adjustment platform 9 is fixedly mounted above the clamping plate 602, the angle adjustment platform 8 is mounted above the height adjustment platform 9, and the clamping vise 601 is fixedly mounted above the angle adjustment platform 8. In this embodiment, the angle adjustment platform 8 is specifically a GFG series angle tilting slide, and the tilt angle can be read using a scale, thereby enabling flexible adjustment of the scratch angle and scratch depth (h = L × tanθ, where h is the scratch depth, L is the scratch length, and θ is the inclination angle of the angle adjustment platform). The height adjustment platform 9 is specifically a scissor-type height adjustment platform, allowing its installation height to be adjusted according to the thickness of the test specimen.

[0048] In this embodiment, the data acquisition system specifically includes a three-dimensional force sensor 10 and a laser displacement sensor 11. The three-dimensional force sensor 10 is disposed between the angle adjustment platform 8 and the height adjustment platform 9. The laser displacement sensor 11 is disposed below the second slide rail 204 and fixed to the inner side of the support column 202 on the side of the frame-shaped fixing frame 2 away from the spring force storage mechanism 4. The testing end of the laser displacement sensor 11 faces the impact scratch testing mechanism 3.

[0049] In addition, the impact scratch test device of this embodiment also includes a feedback control system, which includes a host computer and a PLC controller, and the host computer is communicatively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is communicatively connected to the three-dimensional force sensor 10, the laser displacement sensor 11 and the driving motor 501 of the impact motion mechanism 5. Specifically, the above-mentioned host computer can send corresponding instructions to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the three-dimensional force sensor, the laser displacement sensor and the impact motion mechanism to perform corresponding actions according to the instructions; and the above-mentioned three-dimensional force sensor can monitor the real-time force condition of the test sample with high precision, that is, obtain the three-dimensional orthogonal force components Fx, Fy, and Fz, and convert the obtained load data into digital information through the PLC controller and feed it back to the host computer; the above-mentioned laser displacement sensor can monitor the displacement data and speed data of the impact scratch test mechanism, and convert the obtained displacement data and speed data into digital information through the PLC controller and feed it back to the host computer. In addition, the PLC controller can also be based on the formula E=0.5mv 2 (E is the impact energy, m is the total mass of the impact scratch test mechanism, the locking ring and the second slider, and v is the scratch indenter speed) Calculate the impact energy or use the formula E=0.5kx 2 (E is the impact energy, k is the spring constant, and x is the compression of the spring) Calculate the impact energy or use E=0.5kx 2 The deformation of the formula is used to calculate the compression of the force-accumulating spring under the impact energy required by the test, and the calculated results are fed back to the host computer. Based on the calculated results, corresponding instructions are sent to the three-dimensional force sensor, laser displacement sensor, and impact motion mechanism to execute the corresponding actions. Through this data acquisition system and feedback control system, impact energy, load, and displacement data can be obtained. The scratch depth can also be calculated based on the scratch length and the inclination of the angle adjustment platform. This generates relevant data and curves for normal load / tangential load-scratch depth, impact energy-scratch depth, and impact velocity-scratch depth, which are used to analyze the mechanical properties of the test sample.

[0050] In addition, the above impact scratch test device can also use the feedback control system to achieve closed-loop feedback, thereby realizing dynamic control of impact energy. That is, the host computer outputs the impact energy signal required by the test to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the impact energy according to the required impact energy and the formula E=0.5kx 2Calculate the preset compression displacement x1 of the spring force storage mechanism, the impact motion mechanism drives the impact scratch test mechanism to stop the movement when the spring force storage mechanism is compressed by x1, and then release the locking mechanism. The spring force storage mechanism provides impact force output for the impact scratch test mechanism, and the impact scratch test mechanism performs an impact scratch test on the test sample. At this time, the laser displacement sensor monitors the impact speed of the impact scratch test mechanism at the release moment and feeds back to the PLC controller, so that the impact speed of the impact scratch test mechanism and the formula E=0.5mv can be used to calculate the impact force of the impact scratch test mechanism. 2 The actual impact energy is calculated, and the actual compression displacement x2 of the spring force storage mechanism corresponding to the actual impact energy is calculated. The PLC controller compares the actual compression displacement x2 with the preset compression displacement x1, determines the error amount and feeds it back to the host computer, so that the PLC controller can adjust the preset compression displacement value according to the error amount in the next test; in addition, the compression displacement error amount statistically analyzed from multiple tests can be manually analyzed to determine the error coefficient. During the test, the PLC controller is set to automatically adjust the preset compression displacement value according to the error coefficient to ensure that the actual impact energy provided by the spring force storage mechanism meets the test requirements.

[0051] Based on the above impact scratch test device, an impact scratch test is performed on a sample to be tested. The steps are as follows:

[0052] (1) Fix the test sample on the clamping mechanism and adjust its installation position through the height adjustment platform and angle adjustment platform according to the test requirements. At the same time, set the impact energy required by the test in the host computer;

[0053] (2) Slide the impact scratch test mechanism to the impact motion mechanism position, and use the locking mechanism to lock the impact scratch test mechanism and the impact motion mechanism. The PLC controller calculates the required compression of the force storage spring according to the impact energy required by the test, that is, the preset compression displacement of the spring force storage mechanism, and controls the impact motion mechanism to drive the impact scratch test mechanism to move toward the side of the spring force storage mechanism. When the laser displacement sensor detects that the impact scratch test mechanism is 2 to 5 mm away from the spring force storage mechanism, the movement stops. Then, the motion parameters of the impact motion mechanism (that is, the speed of the driving motor) are adjusted by the host computer so that it drives the impact scratch test mechanism to move slowly toward the spring force storage mechanism at a speed of 0.5 to 3 mm / s and compress the spring force storage mechanism. When the compression displacement requirement of the required impact energy is reached, the movement stops. In this process, the laser displacement sensor monitors the displacement of the impact scratch test mechanism in real time, and the initial position of the spring force storage mechanism when it is not compressed is pre-recorded on the host computer. Therefore, the distance between the impact scratch test mechanism and the spring force storage mechanism and the compression displacement of the spring force storage mechanism can be judged by the monitoring data of the laser displacement sensor.

[0054] (3) Release the locking mechanism, and the spring force storage mechanism provides impact force output to the impact scratch test mechanism, which performs an impact scratch test on the test sample. At the same time, the three-dimensional force sensor and laser displacement sensor collect the corresponding load and displacement data and feed them back to the host computer to complete an impact scratch test;

[0055] (4) Reset the impact motion mechanism and repeat the above steps (1) to (3) to perform multiple impact scratch tests;

[0056] (5) Analyze the impact energy and load and displacement data collected by the data acquisition system to evaluate the mechanical properties of the test sample.

[0057] During the above test process, if it is necessary to perform a scratch test at a constant speed, the impact scratch test mechanism and the impact motion mechanism are locked using a locking mechanism, the motion parameters of the impact motion mechanism are adjusted, and the impact scratch test mechanism is directly driven by the impact motion mechanism at a constant speed to press into the test sample until the surface of the test sample reaches a critical state or the load reaches the test requirements, and the movement is stopped.

[0058] It should be noted that the parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0059] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact scratch test device, characterized in that: It includes a fixed platform, a frame-shaped fixed frame, an impact scratch test mechanism, a spring storage mechanism, an impact movement mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a data acquisition system; The frame-shaped fixing frame is arranged above the fixing platform and consists of an upper crossbeam and support columns on both sides. The bottom surface of the upper crossbeam of the frame-shaped fixing frame is provided with a first slide rail, and the middle part of the frame-shaped fixing frame is provided with a second slide rail parallel to the first slide rail. The impact scratch testing mechanism is arranged below the second slide rail and is slidably connected to the second slide rail; the spring force storage mechanism is arranged below the second slide rail and fixed to the inner side of a support column on one side of the frame-shaped fixing frame, and the impact end of the spring force storage mechanism faces the impact scratch testing mechanism; the impact movement mechanism is arranged above the second slide rail, and the top of the impact movement mechanism is slidably connected to the first slide rail, and the bottom of the impact movement mechanism is connected to the top of the impact scratch testing mechanism through a locking mechanism; the clamping mechanism is arranged on the fixed table; The impact scratch testing mechanism includes a scratch indenter, an indenter fixing rod and an indenter connecting plate. The top of the indenter connecting plate is slidably connected to the second slide rail via a second slider, and the scratch indenter is fixed below the indenter connecting plate via the indenter fixing rod. At least one group of the spring force storage mechanism is provided, and each group of the spring force storage mechanism includes a spring rebound rod and a force storage spring sleeved on the spring rebound rod, and the impact end of the spring rebound rod of the spring force storage mechanism faces the pressure head connecting plate of the impact scratch test mechanism; The impact motion mechanism includes a drive motor, a screw, a screw mounting seat and a slide. The drive motor is arranged below the upper crossbeam and on a side away from the spring storage mechanism. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the screw and is used to drive the screw to rotate. The screw mounting seat is arranged below the upper crossbeam and both ends of the screw are rotatably connected to the screw mounting seat through bearings. The slide is sleeved on the screw and has a threaded hole in the center of the slide that matches the screw. The top of the slide is slidably connected to the first slide rail through a first slider, and the bottom of the slide is connected to the top of the impact scratch test mechanism through a locking mechanism. The data acquisition system includes a three-dimensional force sensor and a laser displacement sensor. The three-dimensional force sensor is arranged on the clamping mechanism and is located below the sample to be tested. The laser displacement sensor is arranged below the second slide rail and fixed to the inner side of the support column of the frame-shaped fixing frame away from the spring force storage mechanism. The test end of the laser displacement sensor faces the impact scratch test mechanism. The impact motion mechanism drives the impact scratch testing mechanism to move toward the spring force storage mechanism through the locking mechanism and causes the spring force storage mechanism to store force. After the locking mechanism is opened, the spring force storage mechanism releases the impact force to push the impact scratch testing mechanism to perform an impact scratch test on the sample to be tested installed on the clamping mechanism; or, the impact motion mechanism drives the impact scratch testing mechanism to move at a uniform speed through the locking mechanism and performs a constant speed scratch test on the sample to be tested installed on the clamping mechanism.

2. The impact scratch test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact end of the spring rebound rod is fixedly provided with a spring fixed stopper, and the end of the spring rebound rod away from the impact end is sleeved with a spring limiting stopper, and the spring fixed stopper and the spring limiting stopper are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the storage spring; the outer surface of the spring fixed stopper is sleeved with a plastic buffer head, and the side of the spring limiting stopper away from the impact end of the spring rebound rod is fixedly provided with a spring travel seat with a central through hole.

3. The impact scratch test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes an angular fixing seat, a locking claw and a locking ring; the horizontal part of the angular fixing seat is fixed to the bottom of the slide of the impact movement mechanism, and the vertical part of the angular fixing seat is located on the side close to the spring storage mechanism; one end of the locking claw is hinged to the vertical part of the angular fixing seat, and a locking spring is arranged between the top of the locking claw and the horizontal part of the angular fixing seat, and a structural giveway is provided on the side of the vertical part of the angular fixing seat on the bottom surface of the locking claw close to the vertical part of the angular fixing seat, and a locking groove is formed with the vertical part of the angular fixing seat to cooperate with the locking ring, and the locking ring is a rectangular ring structure, which is arranged around the second slide rail, the second slider and the pressure head connecting plate and the locking ring is fixedly connected to the pressure head connecting plate.

4. The impact scratch test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a clamping vise and a clamping fixing plate. The clamping fixing plate is arranged above the fixing table, and the clamping vise is arranged above the clamping fixing plate.

5. The impact scratch test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-dimensional force sensor is arranged between the clamping vise and the clamping fixing plate.

6. The impact scratch test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an angle adjustment platform for adjusting the angle of the clamping vise and a height adjustment platform for adjusting the height of the clamping vise. The height adjustment platform is arranged above the clamping fixed plate, the angle adjustment platform is arranged above the height adjustment platform, the clamping vise is arranged above the angle adjustment platform, and the three-dimensional force sensor is arranged between the angle adjustment platform and the height adjustment platform.

7. The impact scratch test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a feedback control system, which includes a host computer and a PLC controller, and the host computer is communicatively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is communicatively connected to the drive motor, the three-dimensional force sensor, and the laser displacement sensor.

8. An impact scratch test method, using the impact scratch test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Including steps: (1) Fix the sample to be tested on the clamping mechanism and adjust its installation position; (2) Slide the impact scratch test mechanism to the impact motion mechanism position, and use the locking mechanism to lock the impact scratch test mechanism and the impact motion mechanism, control the impact motion mechanism to drive the impact scratch test mechanism to move toward the side of the spring force storage mechanism, and stop the movement when the impact scratch test mechanism is 2 to 5 mm away from the spring force storage mechanism. Then adjust the parameters of the impact motion mechanism so that it drives the impact scratch test mechanism to slowly move toward the spring force storage mechanism and compress the spring force storage mechanism, and stop the movement when the compression displacement requirement of the impact energy is reached; (3) Release the locking mechanism, and the spring force storage mechanism provides impact force output to the impact scratch test mechanism, which performs an impact scratch test on the test sample. At the same time, the data acquisition system collects the corresponding load and displacement data; (4) Reset the impact motion mechanism and repeat the above steps (1) to (3) for multiple tests; (5) Analyze the impact energy and load and displacement data collected by the data acquisition system to evaluate the mechanical properties of the test sample.

9. The impact scratch test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the impact scratch test, if the scratch test needs to be performed at a constant speed, the locking mechanism is used to lock the impact scratch test mechanism and the impact motion mechanism, and the impact scratch test mechanism is directly driven by the impact motion mechanism at a constant speed to press into the test sample until the surface of the test sample reaches a critical state or the load reaches the test requirements, and the movement stops.

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