Multi-frequency multi-mode GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna

Abstract

A multi-frequency multimode GNSS antenna disclosed by the present invention comprises a reflection panel, a PCB, a first metal support rod and a coaxial feeder line, the upper end portion of the PCB is provided with an antenna body and an arc grounding coupling sheet, the antenna body comprises a wafer, a circular ring and a coupling arm, the wafer is embedded in the circular ring, the outer circumferential wall of the wafer is connected with the inner circumferential wall of the circular ring at an interval, and the coupling arm is connected with the circular ring. The two ends of the coupling arm are fixedly connected with the inner circumferential wall of the circular ring and the outer circumferential wall of the wafer respectively, the arc-shaped grounding coupling pieces are arranged on the outer side of the antenna body at intervals, the first metal supporting rod is arranged on the reflection panel, the upper end of the first metal supporting rod is electrically connected with the arc-shaped grounding coupling pieces in an abutting mode respectively, and four feed points are arranged on the lower end wall of the antenna body. And the coaxial feeder lines are electrically connected with the feed points of the antenna body respectively. According to the technical scheme, the structural design of one layer of PCB is adopted, the multi-band GNSS antenna is obtained through resonance, the gain and efficiency are high, the performance is excellent, debugging is easy, the weight is low, and the cost advantage is achieved by adopting a common FR4.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna. Background Art

[0002] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antennas are antennas used for global satellite positioning systems such as GPS / GLONASS / Galileo / Beidou, and are an important part of satellite navigation systems. Antenna forms include ceramic patch antennas, quadrifilar helices, dual - polarized PCB antennas, and various linear - polarized antennas, among which ceramic patch antennas are the most widely used. Classified by the navigation systems supported by the antennas, there are single - frequency and single - mode, single - frequency and multi - mode, multi - frequency and single - mode, and multi - frequency and multi - mode.

[0003] However, most of the traditional GNSS multi - frequency antennas on the market currently use two - layer or multi - layer ceramic antennas stacked on top of each other. Each layer of the antenna resonates at a different frequency band, with a relatively complex structure, difficult debugging, heavy weight, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to propose a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna, aiming to solve the technical problems of the existing GNSS multi - frequency antennas using two - layer or multi - layer ceramic antennas stacked on top of each other, with each layer of the antenna resonating at a different frequency band, having a relatively complex structure, difficult debugging, heavy weight, and high cost.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna proposed by the present invention includes a reflective panel, a PCB board, a first metal support rod, and a coaxial feeder line. The PCB board is disposed above the reflective panel. An antenna body and an arc - shaped grounding coupling piece are provided at the upper end of the PCB board. The antenna body includes a circular plate, a circular ring, and coupling arms. The circular plate is embedded in the circular ring, and the outer peripheral wall of the circular plate is spaced from and connected to the inner peripheral wall of the circular ring. The coupling arms are symmetrically arranged in a cross - shape between the circular ring and the circular plate, and both ends of the coupling arms are fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the circular ring and the outer peripheral wall of the circular plate respectively. The arc - shaped grounding coupling piece is spacedly disposed outside the antenna body and is located outside the coupling arms respectively. The first metal support rod is vertically disposed on the reflective panel. A plurality of through - holes are concavely provided on the outer side of the PCB board. The upper end of the first metal support rod passes through the through - holes respectively and is in abutting electrical connection with the arc - shaped grounding coupling piece. Four coaxial feeder lines are provided. Four feeding points are provided on the lower end wall of the antenna body, and the feeding points are symmetrically arranged in a cross - shape. The coaxial feeder lines pass through the reflective panel and the PCB board respectively and are electrically connected to the feeding points of the antenna body.

[0006] Optionally, the outer contour of the PCB board is circular or regular polygon.

[0007] Optionally, it further includes a second metal support rod which is vertically arranged on the reflection panel. A plurality of support pieces are convexly provided on the inner peripheral wall of the ring. The upper ends of the second metal support rods respectively pass through the PCB board and abut against the support pieces.

[0008] Adopting the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the technical solution of the present invention, the PCB board is arranged above the reflection panel, and the antenna body is arranged in the middle of the upper end wall of the PCB board. The antenna body includes a disc, a ring and coupling arms. The disc is embedded in the ring, and the outer peripheral wall of the disc is spacedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the ring. The coupling arms are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape between the ring and the disc, and the two ends of the coupling arms are fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the ring and the outer peripheral wall of the disc respectively. The arc-shaped grounding coupling pieces are spacedly arranged outside the antenna body and are respectively located outside the coupling arms. The first metal support rods are vertically arranged on the reflection panel. A plurality of through holes are concavely provided on the outer side of the PCB board. The upper ends of the first metal support rods respectively pass through the through holes and abut against the arc-shaped grounding coupling pieces for electrical connection. Four coaxial feed lines are provided. Four feed points are provided on the lower end wall of the antenna body, and the feed points are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape. The coaxial feed lines respectively pass through the reflection panel and the PCB board and are electrically connected to the feed points of the antenna body. The present invention uses a single-layer PCB board structure to resonate a multi-band GNSS antenna, with high gain and efficiency, excellent performance, simple debugging, light weight, and cost advantage by using ordinary FR4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-frequency and multi-mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-frequency and multi-mode GNSS antenna from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a multi-frequency and multi-mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of a multi-frequency and multi-mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5Another partial structural schematic diagram of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Antenna return loss diagram during the simulation process of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Antenna 3D gain diagram during the simulation process of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Antenna 3D gain diagram during the simulation process of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Antenna gain diagram in the Theta plane during the simulation process of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Antenna gain diagram in the Theta plane during the simulation process of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 Antenna axial ratio diagram during the simulation process of a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0012] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0013] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0014] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of the technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0015] The present invention provides a multi - frequency and multi - mode GNSS antenna.

[0016] Such as Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, in an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-frequency and multi-mode GNSS antenna includes a reflecting panel 101, a PCB board 102, a first metal support rod 105, and a coaxial feeder 106. The PCB board 102 is disposed above the reflecting panel 101. An antenna body 103 and an arc-shaped ground coupling sheet 104 are provided at the upper end of the PCB board 102. The antenna body 103 is disposed in the middle of the upper end wall of the PCB board 102. The antenna body 103 includes a wafer 1031, a ring 1032, and a coupling arm 1033. The wafer 1031 is embedded in the ring 1032, and the outer peripheral wall of the wafer 1031 is spaced from and connected to the inner peripheral wall of the ring 1032. The coupling arms 1033 are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape between the ring 1032 and the wafer 1031. Both ends of the coupling arms 1033 are fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the ring 1032 and the outer peripheral wall of the wafer 1031 respectively. By adopting the concentric ring plus coupling arm method, the coupling feeding of high and low frequencies is realized. The arc-shaped ground coupling sheet 104 is spacedly disposed outside the antenna body 103, and the arc-shaped ground coupling sheet 104 is respectively located outside the coupling arms 1033. By adopting the arc-shaped ground coupling sheet for loading, the gain and axial ratio of the antenna are improved. The first metal support rod 105 is vertically disposed on the reflecting panel 101. A plurality of through holes 1021 are concavely provided on the outer side of the PCB board 102. The upper end of the first metal support rod 105 respectively passes through the through holes 1021 and is in abutting electrical connection with the arc-shaped ground coupling sheet 104. The first metal support rod serves both as a ground and a support. Four coaxial feeders 106 are provided. Four feeding points (not shown) are provided on the lower end wall of the antenna body 103. The feeding points are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape, and each feeding point can receive high and low frequency signals simultaneously. The coaxial feeders 106 respectively pass through the reflecting panel 101 and the PCB board 102 and are electrically connected to the feeding points of the antenna body 103.

[0017] Specifically, the outer contour of the PCB board 102 is circular or regular polygon-shaped.

[0018] Specifically, it further includes a second metal support rod (not shown). The second metal support rod is vertically disposed on the reflecting panel 101. A plurality of support pieces 1034 are convexly provided on the inner peripheral wall of the ring 1032. The upper end of the second metal support rod respectively passes through the PCB board 102 and abuts against the support pieces 1034. The second metal support rod serves as a support. Through multiple supports, the antenna body is made more stable.

[0019] Specifically, as Figures 6 to 11 shown, through simulation, the antenna of the present invention realizes broadband resonance at high and low frequencies; the 3D radiation pattern realizes RHCP (right-hand circular polarization) radiation wave. The zenith gain can reach 6 dBi at low frequency and 9 dBi at high frequency, and the performance exceeds that of similar ceramic antennas; in the zenith direction, the axial ratio is close to 0 dB, and circular polarization is well realized.

[0020] Specifically, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The antenna of the present invention adopts a circular PCB design (regular polygons or similar irregular shapes are also acceptable, all within the protection scope of this invention patent). The antenna body is designed on the same side of the PCB and uses the concentric ring plus coupling arm method to achieve the coupled feeding of high and low frequencies; 2. The antenna of the present invention adopts a symmetric 4-feed-point design, and each feed point can receive high and low frequency signals simultaneously; 3. Around the antenna body, an arc-shaped grounding coupling piece is used for loading to improve the gain and axial ratio of the antenna; 4. The arc-shaped grounding coupling piece is grounded to the plane of the reflection panel through a metal rod, which plays the role of grounding and support.

[0021] The present invention uses a single-layer PCB structure to resonate a multi-band GNSS antenna, which has high gain and efficiency, excellent performance, simple debugging, and light weight. Using ordinary FR4 has a cost advantage.

[0022] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency multi-mode GNSS antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reflection panel, a PCB board, a first metal support rod and a coaxial feed line, wherein the PCB board is arranged above the reflection panel, an antenna body and an arc-shaped ground coupling sheet are arranged on the upper end of the PCB board, the antenna body comprises a disc, a ring and a coupling arm, the disc is embedded in the ring, the outer peripheral wall of the disc is spaced and connected with the inner peripheral wall of the ring, the coupling arm is symmetrically arranged between the ring and the disc in a cross shape, the two ends of the coupling arm are fixedly connected with the inner peripheral wall of the ring and the outer peripheral wall of the disc, and the arc-shaped ground coupling sheet is spaced and arranged at intervals. The outer side of the antenna body, and the arc-shaped ground coupling plate are respectively located on the outer sides of the coupling arms, the first metal support rod is vertically arranged on the reflective panel, the outer side of the PCB board is recessed with a plurality of through holes, the upper ends of the first metal support rod are respectively penetrated through the through holes, and are abutted and electrically connected with the arc-shaped ground coupling plate, four coaxial feed lines are arranged, and four feeding points are arranged symmetrically in a cross shape. The coaxial feed lines are respectively penetrated through the reflective panel and the PCB board, and are electrically connected with the feeding points of the antenna body.

2. The multi-frequency multi-mode GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer contour of the PCB board is a circle or a regular polygon.

3. The multi-frequency multi-mode GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second metal support rod, which is vertically arranged on the reflective panel. The inner wall of the ring is protruding with a plurality of support plates. The upper ends of the second metal support rod are respectively passed through the PCB board and abut against the support plates.

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