Ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy. Potential energy stored between permanent magnets is utilized. By placing permanent magnets having opposite magnetic poles opposite each other, the device can store a large amount of potential energy when the magnets approach. According to the electromagnetic actuator, interaction of magnets is ingeniously converted into available energy, an efficient energy source is provided for operation of the actuator, the actuator can work with extremely low energy consumption, the problem that a traditional electromagnetic actuator is high in energy consumption is solved, and the electromagnetic actuator is suitable for various scenes with high requirements for energy consumption of devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic actuators, and particularly relates to an ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy. Background Art

[0002] As a key electromechanical conversion device, electromagnetic actuators play an increasingly important role in modern industrial and technological fields. Such devices utilize the force or torque generated by electromagnetic fields to drive mechanical systems and achieve precise positioning and motion control.

[0003] Currently, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of electromagnetic actuators in many fields. For example, space equipment usually relies on solar energy or limited battery power, so the energy consumption of the equipment is directly related to its operating life and efficiency. Especially in extreme environments, traditional electromagnetic actuators are difficult to meet the actual needs due to their high energy consumption characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention realizes the rapid switching of the rotor between different equilibrium positions by utilizing the potential energy stored between permanent magnets, combined with active electromagnetic control and passive stabilization systems, so as to reduce energy consumption.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

[0006] An ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy, comprising a rotor, and the rotor is coaxially rotatably arranged inside a stator through a rotating bearing;

[0007] A plurality of stabilizing members are uniformly arranged along the circumference inside the stator, and a first permanent magnet is coaxially and fixedly connected to each stabilizing member; at least one coil is arranged on each stabilizing member;

[0008] A second permanent magnet corresponding to each of the plurality of first permanent magnets is arranged on the inner ring of the rotor, and the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are opposite; the stabilizing members and the first permanent magnets are made of soft magnetic materials, and the second permanent magnet is made of a high coercivity material;

[0009] A power interface is arranged on the stator, and an external power supply can apply current to each coil through the power interface.

[0010] The present invention also has the following features:

[0011] Further, two coils are arranged on each stabilizing member, and the two coils are arranged side by side along the circumference of the stabilizing member where they are located.

[0012] Further, an air gap is arranged between the rotor and the stator.

[0013] Furthermore, the coil is made of copper wire.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating bearing is an angular contact ball bearing.

[0015] Furthermore, a controller is included, and a plurality of Hall sensors are arranged inside the stator;

[0016] The controller is connected to an external power source and each Hall sensor respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, eight stabilizing members are evenly arranged inside the stator along the circumferential direction.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0019] (I) The potential energy-based ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator of the present invention utilizes the potential energy stored between permanent magnets. By placing permanent magnets with opposite magnetic poles relative to each other, the device is able to store a large amount of potential energy when the magnets are close. The interaction between the magnets is cleverly converted into usable energy, providing an efficient energy source for the operation of the actuator, which only requires extremely low energy consumption to work, solving the problem of high energy consumption of traditional electromagnetic actuators, and is suitable for a variety of scenarios with high energy consumption requirements for the device.

[0020] (II) The potential energy-based ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator of the present invention can realize the rapid switching of the rotor between different stable equilibrium positions by controlling the level and direction of the current flowing through the coil. This precise control method not only improves the response speed of the actuator, but also ensures the accuracy and repeatability of positioning, meeting the needs of high-precision positioning.

[0021] (III) To ensure the stability of the rotor in the equilibrium position, the potential energy-based ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator of the present invention designs a passive stabilization system, which uses soft magnetic materials to generate a local magnetic field around the rotor to stabilize the position of the rotor. Even when subjected to external interference, the rotor can remain in the predetermined equilibrium position, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the actuator.

[0022] In addition, the rotor can be quickly switched between preset balancing positions. This design provides greater flexibility and adaptability, enabling it to meet a wider variety of application requirements.

[0023] (IV) In order to improve the reliability of the system, the potential energy-based ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator of the present invention adopts a single-phase redundant winding design. Even if one part of the winding fails, the other part can still continue to work, ensuring the continuous operation of the system, which is suitable for large-scale use and promotion in industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the stator structure in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure in the present invention.

[0028] The meanings of the labels in the figure are as follows: 1. Rotor; 2. Rotating bearing; 3. Stator; 4. Stabilizer; 5. First permanent magnet; 6. Coil; 7. Second permanent magnet; 8. Power supply interface; 9. Hall sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] It should be noted that all components in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all components known in the prior art. For example, the permanent magnet uses a known and commonly used permanent magnet.

[0030] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solution of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] An ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy includes a rotor 1, and the rotor 1 is coaxially rotatably arranged inside a stator 3 through a rotating bearing 2;

[0032] A plurality of stabilizers 4 are uniformly arranged along the circumference inside the stator 3, and a first permanent magnet 5 is coaxially and fixedly connected to each stabilizer 4; a plurality of coils 6 are arranged on each stabilizer 4, and the plurality of coils 6 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the stabilizer 4 where they are located;

[0033] The inner ring of the rotor 1 is provided with second permanent magnets 7 corresponding to the plurality of first permanent magnets 5 one by one, and the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnets 5 and the second permanent magnets 7 are opposite; the stabilizers 4 and the first permanent magnets 5 are both made of soft magnetic materials, and the second permanent magnets 7 are made of high coercivity materials;

[0034] A power supply interface 8 is arranged on the stator 3, and an external power supply applies current to each coil 6 through the power supply interface 8.

[0035] As Figure 4 shown, the rotor 1 is the rotating part of the ultra-low power electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy in this embodiment, and is composed of a series of second permanent magnets 7, and these second permanent magnets 7 are installed on a stainless steel wheel. The second permanent magnets 7 of the rotor 1 interact with the first permanent magnets 5 on the stator 3 through their magnetization directions to generate the required magnetic force to achieve rotational motion.

[0036] As shown Figure 3 in FIG. 2, the stator 3 is a fixed part, and the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 5 of the stator 3 is opposite to that of the magnet on the rotor 1. The arrangement and magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 5 are designed to generate an attractive force with the second permanent magnet 7, so as to store potential energy at a specific position.

[0037] The stator 3 also includes a series of coils 6. These coils 6 generate a magnetic field through the current, and control the movement of the rotor 1 through the interaction of the magnetic fields. The design of the coils 6 allows the rotation direction and speed of the rotor 1 to be controlled by changing the direction and magnitude of the current.

[0038] A plurality of stabilizing members 4 made of soft magnetic materials are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner ring of the stator 3. These members help to stabilize the rotor 1 and prevent it from deviating due to small external disturbances. Among them, Hall effect sensors are used to detect the position of the rotor 1. These sensors determine the exact position of the rotor 1 by sensing the magnetic field change in the rotor 1, so as to achieve precise control.

[0039] As a preferred solution, two coils 6 are arranged on each stabilizing member 4, and the two coils 6 are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction of the stabilizing member 4 where they are located. The design of single-phase redundant windings is adopted, with one group as the main winding and the other group as the redundant winding; even if a part of the coils 6 fails, the other part can still continue to work, ensuring the overall continuous operation.

[0040] As a preferred solution, an air gap is provided between the rotor 1 and the stator 3. The purpose of this setting is to reduce the magnetic resistance and improve the efficiency.

[0041] As a preferred solution, the coils 6 are made of copper wire.

[0042] As a preferred solution, the rotating bearing 2 adopts angular contact ball bearings. In order to reduce friction and allow the rotor 1 to rotate smoothly, angular contact ball bearings are used. These bearings support the rotor 1 so that it can rotate smoothly inside the stator 3.

[0043] As a preferred solution, a controller is further included, and a plurality of Hall sensors 9 are arranged inside the stator 3;

[0044] The controller is respectively connected to an external power supply and each Hall sensor 9.

[0045] During actual use, an external power supply supplies current to each coil 6, and an external control unit is used to control the external power supply to apply an appropriate current. It should be noted that the controller adopts a commonly known controller, and the control method of the controller for the external power supply adopts known existing methods, which does not involve the improvement of algorithms and does not belong to the discussion scope of this embodiment, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0046] 1. Rotor; 2. Rotating bearing; 3. Stator; 4. Stabilizer; 5. First permanent magnet; 6. Coil; 7. Second permanent magnet; 8. Power supply interface; 9. Hall sensor.

[0047] The second permanent magnet 7 on the rotor 1 and the first permanent magnet 5 on the stator 3 are placed opposite to each other with opposite magnetization directions. When the permanent magnets of the two approach each other, an attractive force is generated between them to store potential energy. The stabilizer 4 in the stator 3 generates a local magnetic field to form a stable equilibrium point. The rotor 1 remains in a stable state at these equilibrium points. When the rotor 1 needs to move from one equilibrium point to another, a current is applied to the coil 6 through an external power supply to generate a magnetic field, enabling the rotor 1 to overcome the potential energy of the stabilizer 4 and achieve position switching. At the same time, the direction and magnitude of the current determine the direction and speed of rotation of the rotor 1. By precisely controlling the current, precise control of the rotor 1 between different equilibrium positions can be achieved.

[0048] The Hall effect sensor is used to monitor the current position of the rotor 1 and feedback the information to the controller to achieve closed-loop control, ensuring that the rotor 1 accurately stops at the required equilibrium position. Since the movement of the rotor 1 between equilibrium positions mainly relies on the potential energy conversion between permanent magnets rather than continuous electrical energy input, this actuator can achieve ultra-low power consumption operation.

Claims

1. An ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy, characterized in that: It comprises a rotor (1), wherein the rotor (1) is coaxially rotatably arranged inside a stator (3) via a rotating bearing (2); A plurality of stabilizing members (4) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside the stator (3), and each of the stabilizing members (4) is coaxially fixedly connected with a first permanent magnet (5); each of the stabilizing members (4) is provided with at least one coil (6); The inner ring of the rotor (1) is provided with second permanent magnets (7) corresponding one to one with the plurality of first permanent magnets (5), and the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnets (5) and the second permanent magnets (7) are opposite; the stabilizing member (4) and the first permanent magnets (5) are both made of soft magnetic materials, and the second permanent magnets (7) are made of high coercive force materials; The stator (3) is provided with a power interface (8), and an external power source can apply current to each coil (6) through the power interface (8).

2. The ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two coils (6) are arranged on each of the stabilizing members (4), and the two coils (6) are distributed in parallel along the circumference of the stabilizing member (4).

3. The ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air gap is provided between the rotor (1) and the stator (3).

4. The ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil (6) is made of copper wire.

5. The ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary bearing (2) is an angular contact ball bearing.

6. The ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, wherein a plurality of Hall sensors (9) are arranged inside the stator (3); The controller is connected to an external power source and each Hall sensor (9) respectively.

7. The ultra-low power consumption electromagnetic actuator based on potential energy as described in claims 1-6, characterized in that: Eight stabilizing members (4) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside the stator (3).

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