Stator winding structure of flat wire motor, motor and automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a flat wire motor stator winding structure, a motor and an automobile, the flat wire motor stator winding structure comprises a stator body, a plurality of stator slots and a stator winding; a stator winding is divided into a phases, and a single-phase branch is composed of one loop or two loops connected in parallel. The single loop comprises m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m and d8; d1 is a first type of hairpin with the span between the first layer and the second layer being d; d1-1 is a second type of hairpin of which the span from the first layer to the second layer is d-1; d8 is a third type of hairpin with the span of d from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; m is a cross-layer hairpin group and is formed by sequentially welding fourth hairpins with the spans from the sixth layer to the seventh layer being d, fifth hairpins with the spans from the fourth layer to the fifth layer being d-1 and sixth hairpins with the spans from the second layer to the third layer being d. And meanwhile, the requirements that the average hairpin end part span is short, the number of lead-out wires is smaller, the lead-out wires are concentrated and the distance is short are met, and in-slot distribution of phase-to-phase insulation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly to a stator winding structure of a flat wire motor, a motor, and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] In existing hairpin winding motors, there are various problems as follows: 1. The average span of the hairpin ends (the hairpin end and the welding end) is relatively large. If the span is short, the copper consumption can be effectively reduced, and the copper loss and cost can be lowered.

[0003] 2. There are many and non-concentrated lead wires, which is not conducive to welding and increases the end height. If there are fewer and more concentrated lead wires, the size of the busbar can be effectively reduced, and the cost can be lowered.

[0004] 3. The full pitch is adopted. If the short pitch is adopted, it is beneficial to eliminate harmonics.

[0005] 4. Two-phase conductors are alternately located in the same slot, which is not conducive to the inter-phase insulation in the slot. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above defects existing in the prior art, a stator winding structure of a flat wire motor, a motor, and an automobile are provided, which simultaneously satisfy the short average span of the hairpin ends, fewer and more concentrated lead wires, short pitch, and the slot distribution conducive to inter-phase insulation.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: In the first aspect, a stator winding structure of a flat wire motor includes a stator body, a plurality of stator slots circumferentially spaced on the stator body, and a stator winding disposed in the stator slots; the stator winding is divided into a phases, and the remaining a - 1 phase windings are obtained by rotating the stator winding of any one phase by a plurality of stator slots; A single-phase branch is composed of 1 loop or 2 loops connected in parallel, and the loop number is denoted as b; when there are 2 loops, the path of one loop is rotated by 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , where a is the number of phases, z is the total number of stator slots of the flat wire motor stator, and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; A single loop includes m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; d 1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of d from the first layer to the first layer; d 1-1 is the second hairpin with a span of d-1 from the first layer to the first layer; d 8 is the third hairpin with a span of d from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is composed of the fourth hairpin with a span of d from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth hairpin with a span of d-1 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth hairpin with a span of d from the second layer to the third layer, welded in sequence.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, in the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the first layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the eighth layer.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, in the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the eighth layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the first layer.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, when each phase includes one loop, the welding part of any two adjacent hairpins in the loop is intercepted as the lead wire.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, when each phase includes two loops, the adjacent two welding segments of the two loops in the same phase are intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops respectively.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the total number of stator slots , p is the number of pole pairs; among them, , b is the number of single-phase loops, taking 1 or 2; , d is the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole, and a is a multiple of 3.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the remaining phase windings are obtained by translating the first phase winding positive integer multiples of stator slots.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, when a takes 3, the second phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding stator slots, and the third phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding stator slots.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segments between adjacent two hairpins have the opposite direction from the bottom layer to the top layer to the hairpin segments. According to the above technical solution, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segments between adjacent two hairpins have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer as the hairpin segments.

[0016] In the second aspect, a motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure described in any one of the above.

[0017] In a third aspect, an automobile includes an electric motor, and the electric motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure described in any one of the above The present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, ensuring that the average hairpin end of the stator winding of the entire hairpin motor is as small as possible, which can effectively reduce the copper consumption, reduce the copper loss and cost, and is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0018] Second, short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, minimizing the number of stator slots with two different potentials as much as possible; and it can also ensure that in the above-mentioned stator slots with two potentials, there is only one situation of different potentials. This is beneficial for inter-phase insulation, reducing the use of insulating paper, increasing the slot filling rate, and reducing the copper loss.

[0019] Third, short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, which is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0020] Fourth, a single loop adopts m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; in the first layer, the current directions of two adjacent hairpins are different; in the eighth layer, the directions of two adjacent hairpins are different. Moreover, when each phase includes one loop, any two adjacent welding parts of the loop are intercepted as the lead wire; when each phase includes two loops, two adjacent welding segments of the two loops in the same phase are intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops respectively. Based on this, it is ensured that in the entire stator winding structure, the lead wires of each phase are few, and the lead wires of each loop are concentrated, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the busbar and the cost.

[0021] The present invention, through the above settings of short-pitch and full-pitch hairpins in the first layer, the settings of short-pitch hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the winding method of the above single loop, simultaneously satisfies the above 4 advantages.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it according to the content of the specification, the following takes the preferred embodiments of the present invention and combines with the drawings to describe in detail as follows. The specific implementation manners of the present invention are given in detail by the following embodiments and their drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 is the stator winding structure of the embodiment provided by the present invention; Figures 2 - 7 are six hairpin structures of the embodiment provided by the present invention, and the first hairpin to the sixth hairpin are arranged in sequence; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the effective conductor part of the hairpin in the stator slot in the embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hairpin distribution of the U-phase flat wire winding in the embodiment provided by the present invention (48 slots); Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the hairpin (single loop) distribution of the U-phase flat wire winding in the embodiment provided by the present invention (48 slots); In the figure, 1, stator body; 2, stator slot; 3, stator winding; 4, hairpin; 4-1, effective conductor part; 4-2, hairpin segment; 4-3, welding end; 5, slot bottom paper. Detailed Embodiment

[0025] The following combines the attached Figures 1 - 10 to describe the principles and features of the present invention. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. According to the following description and the claims, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the attached drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of facilitating and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there can also be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "disposed on" another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0028] Referring to Figures 1 to 10 as shown, the flat wire motor stator winding structure provided by the present invention comprises a stator body 1, a plurality of stator slots 2 circumferentially spaced on the stator body, and a stator winding 3 disposed in the stator slots.

[0029] Embodiment 1 The stator winding is divided into three phases, and the remaining two-phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one-phase winding.

[0030] A single-phase branch is composed of one loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , each single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots z = 24.

[0031] A single loop includes m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; d 1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the first layer to the first layer; d 1 -1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the first layer to the first layer; d 8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is sequentially welded by a fourth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, a fifth type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and a sixth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the second layer to the third layer.

[0032] Embodiment 2 The stator winding is divided into three phases, and the remaining two-phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one-phase winding; a single-phase branch is composed of two loops connected in parallel; when there are two loops, the path of one loop in the same phase rotates 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , each single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots .

[0033] A single loop includes m and d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; d 1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the first layer to the first layer; d 1 -1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the first layer to the first layer; d 8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is sequentially welded by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the second layer to the third layer.

[0034] Embodiment 3 The stator winding is divided into 6 phases, and the remaining 5-phase windings are obtained after any one-phase winding rotates several stator slots.

[0035] A single-phase branch is composed of 1 loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots z = 48.

[0036] A single loop includes m and d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; Along the loop direction, in the first layer, the current directions of adjacent hairpins are different; in the eighth layer, the current directions of adjacent hairpins are different. Based on this, it is ensured that the hairpins of one loop are concentrated in a certain area of the motor, avoiding the winding crossover between different loops.

[0037] d 1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the first layer to the first layer; d 1 -1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 11 from the first layer to the first layer; d 8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; The cross - layer hairpin group m is composed of the fourth hairpin with a pitch of 12 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth hairpin with a pitch of 11 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth hairpin with a pitch of 12 from the second layer to the third layer, which are welded in sequence.

[0038] Example 4 The stator winding is divided into 6 phases. By rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one - phase winding, the windings of the other 6 phases can be obtained; a single - phase branch is composed of 2 loops connected in parallel; when there are 2 loops, the path of one loop in the same phase rotates 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots .

[0039] A single loop includes m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; d 1 is the first type of hairpin with a pitch of 12 from the first layer to the first layer; d 1 -1 is the second type of hairpin with a pitch of 11 from the first layer to the first layer; d 8 is the third type of hairpin with a pitch of 12 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; m is the cross - layer hairpin group, which is composed of the fourth hairpin with a pitch of 12 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth hairpin with a pitch of 11 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth hairpin with a pitch of 12 from the second layer to the third layer, which are welded in sequence.

[0040] In addition to the above Examples 1 - 4, examples with a taking 9 phases, 12 phases, etc. can also be adopted, which will not be elaborated here.

[0041] Example 5 The structure and principle of Example 5 are similar to those of Examples 1 - 4. The difference is that for the above Examples 1 - 4, there are two types of structural forms The first type: In the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the first layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the eighth layer. This structural form means that there are two forms of hairpins in the same layer close to the stator center, one is full - pitch and the other is short - pitch; there is only one form, full - pitch, for the hairpins in the same layer far from the stator center.

[0042] For the second type, within the stator slots, the eighth layer is closer to the stator center, and the first layer is closer to the stator outer circle. This structural form means that there are two forms of hairpins in the same layer far from the stator center, one is full pitch and the other is short pitch; there is only one form, full pitch, for the hairpins in the same layer close to the stator center.

[0043] In all the above embodiments, for the embodiments where each phase contains only one loop; intercept the welding parts of any two adjacent hairpins in the loop as the lead wires. With such a structure, it is possible to design the welding parts of all the loops of each phase in adjacent areas, thereby ensuring that in the entire stator winding structure, the lead wires of each phase are few and the lead wires of each loop are concentrated, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the busbar and lowering the cost.

[0044] In all the above embodiments, for the embodiments where each phase contains only two loops; intercept the adjacent two welding segments within the same phase of the two loops as the lead wires of the two loops respectively. Based on this structure, the two adjacent lead wires of the same phase are concentrated at the adjacent welding segments of the two loops, and one lead wire can be obtained by translating one stator slot of the other lead wire. After the other phases obtain the path by rotating according to this phase, the distance between the lead wires of the two loops of the other phases is also only one stator slot.

[0045] In all the above embodiments, the remaining phase windings are obtained by translating the first phase winding by a positive integer multiple of stator slots.

[0046] Taking the three-phase winding as an example, the second phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding by a positive integer multiple of 6 stator slots, and the third phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding by a positive integer multiple of 12 stator slots. Preferably, in order to reduce the intersection between the stator windings of adjacent phases, the second phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding by stator slots, and the third phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding

[0047] by

[0048] stator slots.

[0049] In all of the above embodiments, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin extend from the bottom layer to the top layer in the same direction, and the welding segments between two adjacent hairpins extend from the bottom layer to the top layer in the same direction as the hairpin segments; a wave winding not shown in the figure is formed. If the 48-slot stator is numbered, and if the hairpin segment extends from the bottom layer to the top layer in the direction of increasing number, then the welding segment extends from the bottom layer to the top layer in the direction of increasing number.

[0050] Embodiment 6 The present invention also provides a motor, which adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure described in any one of the above.

[0051] Embodiment 7 The present invention also provides an automobile, including a motor, which adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure described in any one of the above. Principle of the present invention: First, short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and short-pitch (d - 1) is used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, ensuring that the average hairpin end of the stator winding of the entire hairpin motor is as small as possible, which can effectively reduce the copper consumption, reduce the copper loss and cost, and is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0052] Second, short-pitch (d - 1) is used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer to minimize the number of stator slots with two different potentials; and it can also ensure that there is only one case of different potentials in the above-mentioned stator slots with two potentials. This is beneficial for making phase insulation, reducing the use of insulating paper, increasing the slot fill factor, and reducing the copper loss.

[0053] Third, short-pitch (d - 1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and short-pitch (d - 1) is used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, which is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0054] Fourth, a single loop uses m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 , m, d 8 , m, d 1 -1, m, d 8 ; in the first layer, the current directions of two adjacent hairpins are different; in the eighth layer, the directions of two adjacent hairpins are different. Moreover, when each phase includes one loop, any two adjacent welding parts in the loop are intercepted as the lead wires; when each phase includes two loops, two adjacent welding segments in the two loops of the same phase are intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops respectively. Based on this, it is ensured that in the entire stator winding structure, the lead wires of each phase are few, and the lead wires of each loop are concentrated, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the busbar and the cost.

[0055] The present invention, through the above-mentioned settings of the first-layer short-pitch and full-pitch hairpins, the settings of the fourth-layer to fifth-layer short-pitch hairpins, and the above-mentioned winding method of a single loop, simultaneously satisfies the above 4 advantages.

[0056] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention; any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification and described above; however, any slight changes, modifications, and equivalent variations made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications, and variations made to the above embodiments based on the essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat wire motor stator winding structure, comprising a stator body, a plurality of stator slots circumferentially spaced on the stator body, and a stator winding inserted into the stator slots; the stator winding is divided into a phase, and any phase winding is rotated through a number of stator slots to obtain the remaining a-1 phase winding; Features: A single-phase branch consists of one loop or two loops connected in parallel, and the number of loops is coded as b. When there are two loops, the path of one loop in the same phase is rotated 180° around the stator axis to obtain another loop. The number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole is , a is the number of phases, and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; A single loop includes m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8; d1 is the first type of card with a span of d from the first layer to the first layer; d1-1 is the second type of card with a span of d-1 from the first layer to the first layer; d8 is the third type of card with a span of d from the eighth floor to the eighth floor; m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is welded in sequence by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of d from the sixth to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of d-1 from the fourth to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of d from the second to the third layer.

2. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the stator slots, the first layer is close to the center of the stator, and the eighth layer is close to the outer circle of the stator.

3. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the stator slots, the eighth layer is close to the center of the stator, and the first layer is close to the outer circle of the stator.

4. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When each phase contains a loop, the welding parts of any two adjacent hairpins in the loop are cut off as lead-out wires.

5. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When each phase includes two loops, two adjacent welding sections of the two loops in the same phase are cut off and used as lead-out wires of the two loops respectively.

6. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Total stator slots , p is the pole pair number; where, , b is the number of single-phase loops, b is 1 or 2; a is a multiple of 3.

7. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The remaining phase windings are shifted from the first phase winding The number of stator slots is obtained as a positive integer multiple of .

8. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In a 3, the second phase winding is shifted from the first phase winding The third phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding stator slots are obtained.

9. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the cross-layer card issuing group m, the card issuing segments of each card have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segment between two adjacent card has the opposite direction from the bottom layer to the top layer.

10. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the cross-layer card issuing group m, the card issuing segments of each card have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segment between two adjacent card has the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer as the card issuing segment.

11. A motor, characterized in that: A flat wire motor stator winding structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 is adopted.

12. A car, characterized in that: It comprises a motor, and the motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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