Conductive paste coating machine and related method of coating conductive paste

Abstract

A machine (10) for applying an electrically conductive paste is disclosed, comprising:-a conveyor (20) provided with a horizontal support surface (A) configured to support a slab (L) and to move the slab along a horizontal advancing direction (B); -a centering unit (30) configured to contact the slab by temporarily blocking and centering the slab on the support surface (A); and-a coating device (40) movable on the support surface at least along a first sliding direction (Y) parallel to the advancing direction (B), such that, after translation along the first sliding direction (Y), the electrically conductive paste can be released in two or more given axial positions of the slab on the support surface (A) defined along the first sliding direction (Y).

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine for applying an electrically conductive paste, and more particularly to a machine for applying an electrically conductive paste configured to release one or more functional and / or decorative elements onto a slab, preferably a rigid slab such as a glass slab or a ceramic slab, etc.

[0002] Even more preferably (but not limited to), the machine is specifically configured and particularly adapted to apply one or more functional and / or decorative elements made of an electrically conductive paste (such as a silver-based paste) in order to fabricate conductive bars, strips, wires, and / or tracks, etc. on a slab (such as a low-emissivity glass slab). Background Art

[0003] It is well known that there are known coating machines having: a support surface on which a slab is to be supported; a (centering and) blocking unit that laterally holds the slab during the application of the electrically conductive paste; and an applicator frame through which the electrically conductive paste is applied onto the upper surface of the slab.

[0004] It is known to use applicator frames having a width and shape greater than or equal to the width and shape of the entire upper surface of the slab, and these applicator frames are arranged to apply the entire circuit of the electrically conductive paste intended to be transferred onto the upper surface of the slab.

[0005] Therefore, for each format of slab to be processed, a corresponding applicator frame will be associated with a corresponding design.

[0006] The need felt in this field stems from the continuous demand for greater versatility of these machines, so that these machines can respond to the increasing need to quickly and efficiently adapt to changes in the format of the slab to be processed and / or the various needs of its (aesthetic / functional) applications.

[0007] In particular, there is a need to be able to repeat functional / aesthetic elements (such as the same functional / aesthetic elements, such as bars, strips, rods, preferably electrically conductive) in slabs of different formats and / or at different positions and / or orientations in the same slab and / or at different positions in slabs that are the same or different from each other.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to meet these and other needs of the prior art within the framework of a simple, reasonable, and low-cost solution.

[0009] These objects are achieved by the features of the present invention set forth in the independent claims. The dependent claims outline the preferred and / or particularly advantageous aspects of the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention particularly provides a machine for applying a conductive paste (preferably in the form of strips, lines, rods, inscriptions, and / or designs) on a slab (preferably a glass slab), comprising:

[0011] - A conveyor provided with a horizontal support surface configured to support the slab and move the slab along a horizontal forward direction;

[0012] - A centering unit configured to contact the slab by temporarily blocking and centering the slab on the support surface; and

[0013] - A device for applying the conductive paste, which is movable on the support surface at least along a first sliding direction parallel to the forward direction, such that it is possible to release / apply a conductive element preferably in the form of a strip, line, rod, band, inscription, and / or design at any given axial position defined along the first sliding direction of the slab resting on the support surface, and / or it is possible to release (repeating the conductive element) one (identical) conductive element at two or more axial positions defined along the first sliding direction of the same slab, the same slab resting on the support surface after being translated along the first sliding direction.

[0014] Thanks to this solution, the above-mentioned objects and advantages can be achieved.

[0015] In particular, it is possible to produce more than one (identical) conductive element at corresponding predetermined positions on the same slab without the need to produce a custom coating applicator frame having a size equal to the size of the slab for each slab (which implements the entire circuit).

[0016] According to an advantageous aspect of the present invention, the coating device may include a first coating applicator frame (configured to apply a conductive element made of a conductive paste on the surface of the slab), which is movable relative to the conveyor along a first sliding direction parallel to the forward direction so as to be able to position the first coating applicator frame at any given axial position defined along the forward direction of the slab resting on the support surface and release the conductive element (made of a conductive paste) thereon and / or be able to release one (identical) conductive element at two or more axial positions of the same slab.

[0017] For example, by using such a first coating applicator frame, one or more longitudinal conductive strips (having the full or main width) can be released on the slab, and the conductive strips can be repeated at various different positions of the slab (e.g., by making the strips parallel to each other and axially separated on the slab).

[0018] Advantageously, in this solution, the first applicator frame may have a longitudinal extension along a longitudinal axis that is substantially horizontal and orthogonal to the first sliding direction, and has a length approximately equal to the width of the support surface in a direction orthogonal to the advancing direction, and a width smaller than the length of the slab to be processed, such that the first applicator frame can be arranged to be superimposed in a plan view on any axial portion of the slab that is less than its total axial length, wherein, preferably, the first applicator frame has a minimum longitudinal travel along the advancing direction, and this minimum longitudinal travel is at least twice the width of the first applicator frame (and is approximately equal to the length of the conveyor).

[0019] Moreover, within the framework of this solution, the first applicator frame can be configured to release and apply longitudinal conductive strips onto the slab, wherein the conductive strips have a longitudinal (linear) extension that is substantially orthogonal to the advancing direction, and this longitudinal extension longitudinally extends a major part of the length of the first applicator frame itself (and / or the width of the slab to be processed).

[0020] Advantageously, the first applicator frame can be supported by the bench of the machine, and the bench is slidably associated with the frame of the conveyor along a first horizontal sliding direction parallel to the advancing direction.

[0021] Moreover, the first applicator frame can move vertically along the vertical direction, alternating between a position away from the support surface and a position close to the support surface.

[0022] For example, the first applicator frame may include a first (appropriately) perforated web (according to a given design / arrangement of holes), which is adapted to be penetrated by a conductive paste (in its holes) (so as to produce conductive elements, i.e., the aforementioned conductive strips).

[0023] Moreover, the first applicator frame can be associated with at least a writing doctor blade and / or a spreading doctor blade, and the at least writing doctor blade and / or spreading doctor blade can move vertically and along a second horizontal sliding direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first applicator frame.

[0024] As an alternative or supplement to the above (i.e., for the first applicator frame), the coating device may include a second applicator frame (configured to apply conductive elements made of a conductive paste onto the surface of the slab), wherein the second applicator frame can move relative to the conveyor along a first sliding direction parallel to the advancing direction, so as to be able to position the second applicator frame at any given axial position defined along the advancing direction of the slab resting on the support surface, and release the conductive elements (made of a conductive paste) onto it and / or be able to release one (the same) conductive element (repeated conductive element) at two or more axial positions of the same slab, wherein, for example, the conductive elements applied by the second applicator frame are different (in shape and / or function) from the conductive elements applied by the first applicator frame.

[0025] Advantageously, the second applicator frame is also capable of moving relative to the conveyor along a second horizontal sliding direction and orthogonal to the first sliding direction so as to be able to position the second applicator frame at any given lateral position, defined along a horizontal direction and orthogonal to the advancing direction, of a slab resting on a support surface and release one of said conductive elements thereon, and / or be able to release one (identical) conductive element at two or more lateral positions of the same slab.

[0026] Thanks to this solution, the second applicator frame can be arranged in any axial and / or lateral position on the horizontal support surface, i.e., it can move in the Cartesian plane so as to be arranged at any point on the slab and release the corresponding conductive element thereon.

[0027] Advantageously, the second applicator frame can be supported by a carriage that is slidably associated with a gantry along the second sliding direction, and the gantry is slidably associated with the frame of the conveyor along a first horizontal sliding direction parallel to the advancing direction.

[0028] Moreover, the second applicator frame can move vertically along the vertical direction, alternating between a position far from the support surface and a position close to the support surface.

[0029] Advantageously, the second applicator frame is capable of rotating about a vertical axis of rotation, preferably by a rotation angle of 180°, so as to be able to change the orientation of the conductive element applied by the second applicator frame on the slab.

[0030] For this reason, two or more conductive elements applied by the second applicator frame on the (same) slab can be oriented differently.

[0031] Moreover, the second applicator frame can have a longitudinal extension along a generally horizontal longitudinal axis and have a length smaller than the width of the support surface along the direction orthogonal to the advancing direction, wherein, preferably, the second applicator frame can have a minimum cross-sectional travel along the second sliding direction, and the minimum cross-sectional travel is at least equal to twice the length of the second applicator frame (and smaller than the width of the conveyor), and the second applicator frame can have a width smaller than the length of the slab to be processed, wherein, preferably, the second applicator frame can have a minimum longitudinal travel along the advancing direction, and the minimum longitudinal travel is at least twice the width of the second applicator frame (and smaller than the length of the conveyor), such that it can be arranged to be superimposed in plan view on any axial and lateral part of the slab included in its total length and width.

[0032] Advantageously, the second applicator frame can be configured to release and apply an inscription and / or a design on the slab.

[0033] For example, the second applicator frame may include (second) (appropriately) perforated webs (according to a given design / arrangement of holes), which are adapted to be traversed by a conductive paste (in their holes) (in order to produce conductive elements, namely the aforementioned inscriptions and / or designs).

[0034] Moreover, the second applicator frame may be associated with at least one writing doctor blade and / or one spreading doctor blade, which may move vertically and along a horizontal sliding direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second applicator frame.

[0035] For the same purpose as above, a further aspect of the present invention provides a method of applying a conductive paste, which is manufactured by means of a machine according to any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising:

[0036] - arranging a slab to rest on a horizontal support surface;

[0037] - centering and temporarily blocking the slab on the support surface and on the slab centered thereon;

[0038] - releasing and / or applying a conductive element (e.g., obtained from a conductive paste) to the slab at a first given axial position of the slab by means of an application device movable on the support surface;

[0039] - translating the application device on the support surface; and

[0040] - releasing and / or applying an additional (identical) conductive element to the (same) slab at a second given axial position on the slab by means of the application device, the second given axial position being different from the first axial position.

[0041] Advantageously, the method may provide: rotating the application device about at least one vertical axis of rotation before releasing / applying a further conductive element, such that the further conductive element has a different orientation with respect to the conductive elements previously released / applied on the slab.

[0042] Furthermore, the method may include arranging a conductive paste for manufacturing the respective conductive elements, wherein, preferably, the conductive paste is silver-based. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent after reading the following description, which is provided by way of non-limiting example with reference to the figures illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 is a first axonometric view of a machine according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a second axonometric view of the machine.

[0046] Figure 3 is the top view of Figure 1 .

[0047] Figure 4 is the side view (partial section) of Figure 1 .

[0048] Figure 5 is the first isometric view of the details of the coating equipment of the machine Figure 1 .

[0049] Figure 6 is the second isometric view of Figure 5 .

[0050] Figure 7 is the first isometric view of the details of the first coating device of the machine Figure 1 .

[0051] Figure 8 is the second isometric view of Figure 7 .

[0052] Figure 9 is the side view of Figure 7 .

[0053] Figure 10 is the top view of the first coating device of the machine Figure 1 .

[0054] Figure 11 is the first isometric view of Figure 10 .

[0055] Figure 12 is the second isometric view of Figure 10 .

[0056] Figure 13 is the first isometric view of the details of the second coating device of the machine Figure 1 .

[0057] Figure 14 is the second isometric view of Figure 13 .

[0058] Figure 15 is the side view of Figure 13 .

[0059] Figure 16 is the front view of Figure 13 .

[0060] Figure 17 is the isometric view of the second coating device of the machine Figure 1 .

[0061] Figure 18 is Figure 17Second isometric view.

[0062] Figure 19 is Figure 17 Side view of.

[0063] Figure 20 is Figure 17 Front view of. Detailed implementation

[0064] With particular reference to these figures, the machine for applying the conductive paste is generally designated by 10.

[0065] The machine 10 is configured to release / apply one or more conductive elements (electrically) on a slab L.

[0066] The conductive element herein means an aesthetic and / or functional element obtained by applying a conductive paste, which undergoes hardening / stabilization, for example by firing, and becomes an electrical conductor.

[0067] Specifically, the conductive element can be understood as a visible mark, which can include, for example, bars, lines, rods, strips or a group of lines (close together), images, designs, inscriptions or texts, decorative patterns, symbols, pictograms, logos, etc., or any combination of the above elements.

[0068] Specifically, but not exclusively, the machine 10 can be used to process a slab L, preferably a flat slab, such as a glass slab, a ceramic slab or other rigid slabs.

[0069] Specifically, but not exclusively, the conductive element is obtained by applying a suitable conductive paste on the surface of the slab, preferably a silver-based conductive paste, so as to undergo suitable firing and / or thermal cycling once applied.

[0070] Preferably, the machine 10 is particularly suitable or mainly configured to apply conductive elements (functional and / or aesthetic) obtained by means of a conductive paste, for example on a glass slab, such as a silver conductive paste (which undergoes a specific firing process - together with the glass slab - to become a truly conductive rod stably coated on the surface of the slab, for various applications, such as heating of the glass slab, for example in a refrigerator or in the rear window of a car or other applications).

[0071] Without excluding as an alternative or addition to the above, the machine 10 can be particularly suitable or mainly configured to apply conductive elements (functional and / or aesthetic) obtained by means of different types of pastes (which undergo firing or simply hardening / drying or other fixing processes).

[0072] The machine 10 includes a support for supporting at least one slab L, on which the slab is rested with its lower support surface opposite to the upper surface to be processed.

[0073] The support member includes a horizontal support surface on which the slab L is to be placed with its (upper) surface to be processed / finished facing upward.

[0074] The support member preferably includes an advancing unit for advancing the slab L supported on the support surface A along a predetermined horizontal (substantially straight) advancing direction B (for taking over and) advancing.

[0075] In the illustrated preferred example, the advancing unit includes a conveyor 20.

[0076] The conveyor 20 is preferably but not restrictively a belt conveyor.

[0077] Specifically, the advancing unit and / or the support surface A is defined by the upper branch of the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor.

[0078] Preferably but not restrictively, the conveyor belt is wound around a pair of end rollers in a loop, and the end rollers include a driving roller and a driven roller, wherein the driving roller is connected to a motor 21 preferably provided with an encoder.

[0079] The rotational speed of the roller adjusts the advancing speed of the slab L along the advancing direction B, and this advancing speed can be set and adjusted according to the processing requirements.

[0080] The conveyor 20 can also be configured to stop the slab L placed on the support surface A at a certain processing position (for example, by stopping the motor 21 of the belt conveyor).

[0081] Below the upper branch of the conveyor belt, a flat plate (as wide as the support surface A defined by the conveyor 20) can be provided, and the upper branch of the conveyor belt slides on this flat plate to maintain the same plane.

[0082] For example, the support surface A extends axially through an inlet (short) roller conveyor and / or an outlet (short) roller conveyor.

[0083] The conveyor 20 is provided with a ground support frame 22, which supports the belt conveyor and the slab L placed and / or transported thereon.

[0084] The conveyor 20 and / or the support surface A can have a main dimension or length parallel to the advancing direction B applied by the belt conveyor.

[0085] In other words, the conveyor 20 and / or the support surface A defined by it extends longitudinally along its horizontal longitudinal axis parallel to the advancing direction B (applied by the belt conveyor).

[0086] The advancing unit can alternatively be defined by a roller conveyor or other conveyors of types known in the art.

[0087] The machine 10 includes a centering unit 30 which is configured to center the slab L on the support surface A.

[0088] Specifically, the centering unit 30 is configured to contact the slab L by temporarily blocking the slab L (i.e., by holding or stopping the movement of the slab L applied by the advancing unit) and centering the slab L on the support surface A defined by the conveyor 20 (e.g., at a predetermined (lateral) zero position on the support surface A).

[0089] The centering unit 30 is configured to stop the movement and temporarily block the advancement of the slab L on the support surface A (along the advancing direction B), independently of the stop of the conveyor 20.

[0090] In fact, the centering unit 30 is configured to stop and temporarily block the slab L on the support surface A, so as to prevent the slab L from being able to move even accidentally and imperceptibly on the support surface A during the time required for the processing operation.

[0091] In other words, in addition to the constraints defined by the support surface itself, the centering unit 30 is configured to define a (temporary) constraint for the slab L resting on the support surface A.

[0092] The centering unit 30 is preferably but not restrictively movable on the conveyor 20, i.e., at least partially above the conveyor.

[0093] In the illustrated example, the centering unit 30 includes a pair of (longitudinal) rods 31 which are reciprocally movable on the conveyor 20 and are configured to laterally clamp the slab L resting on the support surface A of the conveyor 20 in a releasable manner.

[0094] In fact, the rods 31 are reciprocally movable above (in contact with) the support surface A along a movement direction orthogonal to the advancing direction B, which advancing direction is applied by the conveyor 20 to the slab L.

[0095] In a possible embodiment, both rods 31 can move towards and / or away from each other relative to the support surface A; however, it is not excluded (as in the preferred case illustrated in the figures) that one of the two rods 31 can be fixed (or adjustable and then held fixed in a certain adjustable reference position) on the support surface A, while the other rod 31 can move relative to the fixed rod 31 (to clamp the slab L between them).

[0096] Each rod 31 is defined by an elongated (and thin) plate-like body having a horizontal longitudinal axis parallel to the advancing direction B of the slab L.

[0097] Each rod 31 includes an internal vertical wall, i.e., facing another rod 31, which is adapted to define a (planar and vertical) surface in contact with the slab L (i.e., in contact with the opposite sidewall of the slab L parallel to the advancing direction B).

[0098] The internal vertical wall can be covered, for example, with a gasket or an (elastic) damping element, such as a rubber coating or elastic in any case, to soften the contact area between the rod 31 and the slab L.

[0099] The rods 31 can move relative to each other between a deployed position and a retracted position. In the deployed position, the mutual distance (i.e., the distance between the two internal vertical walls) is maximum and greater than the width of the slab L (i.e., the dimension of the slab L orthogonal to the advancing direction B that can be processed by the machine 10). In the retracted position, the mutual distance (i.e., the distance between the two internal vertical walls) is minimum and equal to the (said) width of the slab L. That is, in the retracted position, both rods 31 are in contact with the (side surface of the) slab L resting on the support surface A.

[0100] In fact, when the rods 31 are in their deployed position, they allow the slab L to advance along the advancing direction B on the support surface A because they do not interfere with it. While when the rods 31 move to their retracted position (and the slab L is inserted between them), they stop the slab L from advancing along the advancing direction B by interfering with it, thus preventing any relative movement between the slab L and the support surface A.

[0101] The distance between the rods 31 and the support surface A of the slab L is not less than the thickness of the slab L that can be processed by the machine 10.

[0102] For example, the distance between the rods 31 and the support surface A can be adjusted according to the thickness of the slab L resting on the support surface A.

[0103] For example, the distance between the rods 31 and the support surface A is such that the rods 31 contact the central region of the thickness of the slab L.

[0104] Each rod 31 can be composed of a plurality of adjacent, aligned and / or spaced-apart parts, or can be composed of a single rod (as illustrated in the example).

[0105] Then, the centering unit 30 includes an actuating unit, which is configured to actuate the rods 31 reciprocally between the deployed position and the retracted position as described above.

[0106] The actuating unit includes, for example, one or more linear actuators having a horizontal axis (for example, one linear actuator for one rod 31, or only one linear actuator for a single movable rod 31), such as a pneumatic actuator.

[0107] In order to finely adjust the movement or centering of the slab L (in a direction orthogonal to the advancing direction B of the slab L) according to its width, it is possible to provide that the actuating unit may include a motor adapted to horizontally move the respective rod 31 or, as in the preferred embodiment, a rod (or two rods) 31 horizontally, for example a rotary motor.

[0108] Furthermore, the machine 10 includes a system for detecting the slab L resting on a part of the support surface A.

[0109] For example, the detection system is configured to detect the front end of the slab L (in the sense of advancing along the advancing direction B) at a predetermined axial position of the support surface A along the advancing direction B.

[0110] For example, the detection system includes an optical unit having, for example, a photocell (not illustrated) (and a respective reference body aligned with the photocell along the horizontal direction and orthogonal to the advancing direction).

[0111] When - during the advancement along the advancing direction B - the front end (or front surface) of the slab L encounters the light beam emitted by the photocell, the detection system is configured to generate an (electrical) signal indicating the predetermined axial position of the slab L on the support surface A.

[0112] For example, the optical unit is associated with the frame 22 of the conveyor 20 (above the support surface A).

[0113] In fact, by detecting the front surface of the slab L and knowing the advancing speed of the conveyor 20 (using the motor 21 provided with an encoder), it is possible to define the axial reference position of the slab L on the support surface A at which to stop the slab L.

[0114] Then, by means of the centering unit 30, it is possible to define the lateral reference position of the slab L on the support surface A at which to stop the slab L.

[0115] The machine 10 includes a coating device 40 which is configured to apply and / or release (automatically or semi-automatically) one or more conductive elements (i.e., aesthetic and / or functional conductive elements) on the slab L (on its upper surface).

[0116] The coating device 40 is preferably movable on the support surface A so as to be able to be positioned in any of its pre-determinable positions and release at least one conductive element thereon (i.e., an element formed by a conductive paste having a predetermined shape and dimensions, preferably thin), as will be better described below.

[0117] For example, the entire conductive circuit applied to the slab L at the end of the process will be defined by a plurality (e.g., equal) of non-overlapping (and e.g., parallel) mutually conductive elements that are released and / or applied to the slab L at predetermined (different) positions on the (upper surface of the) slab L, these positions being obtained after one or more displacements (and relative positioning) of the coating device 40.

[0118] The coating device 40 is suspended on the support surface A of the conveyor 20, for example at a non-zero distance therefrom, and is at least movable relative to the conveyor 20 itself parallel to the support surface A.

[0119] Preferably, the coating device 40 is movable on the support surface at least along a first sliding direction Y parallel to the advancing direction B, i.e., translationally.

[0120] In particular, the machine 10 and / or the coating device 40 includes a frame 400 that is raised above the support surface A.

[0121] The frame 400 includes two (vertical) columns, for example, located on the sides of the support surface A (along a horizontal side direction, e.g., orthogonal to the advancing direction B applied by the conveyor 20 to the slab L), and located on opposite sides relative to the support surface A, the columns being vertically raised above the support surface A.

[0122] Preferably, the frame 400 further includes an upper (horizontal) crossbar that connects (at a predetermined height above the support surface A) the two columns.

[0123] In fact, the frame 400 is generally configured as a gantry and is penetrated by the support surface A (along the advancing direction B).

[0124] The frame 400 is slidably connected to the conveyor 20, for example to its frame 22, by means of the columns.

[0125] In particular, the frame 22 includes longitudinal sliding guides, and suitable shoes fixed to the columns of the frame 400 are slidably associated with the longitudinal sliding guides, thereby allowing axial sliding of the frame 400 relative to the frame 22 of the conveyor 20.

[0126] Advantageously, the frame 400 is movable on the conveyor 20 so as to be able to travel a stroke along the first sliding direction Y that is approximately equal to (or greater than) the length of the support surface A (along the advancing direction B).

[0127] The frame 400 is driven by a linear actuator unit to slide along the first sliding direction Y, preferably along two sliding directions.

[0128] Preferably, but not limited to, the actuator unit comprises (or consists of) a main motor 401 preferably provided with an encoder, which is supported, for example, by the frame 22 of the conveyor 20 or a column of the frame 400.

[0129] Preferably, the coating device 40 comprises a first coating device 41, which is configured to release / apply a first conductive element (e.g., a conductive element of a first type).

[0130] The first coating device 41 comprises a first support frame 410, which is configured to support (alternatively) a first applicator frame 411 (configured to release / apply the above-mentioned first conductive element on the slab L).

[0131] The first support frame 410 is shaped, for example, as a (horizontal) frame, generally quadrilateral, preferably rectangular, and the first applicator frame 411 is supported within this frame (such that it lies in a generally horizontal plane).

[0132] The first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 has (a rectangular shape and) a longitudinal extension along a longitudinal axis that is generally horizontal and orthogonal to the first sliding direction Y.

[0133] Advantageously, the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 has a length approximately equal to the width of the support surface A in a direction orthogonal to the forward direction B, and a width (far) less than the length of the support surface A, i.e., (far) less than the length of the slab L to be processed.

[0134] Specifically, the width of the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 (i.e., its dimension along the forward direction B) is less than half of the length of the support surface A (preferably less than a quarter of this length).

[0135] The first applicator frame 411 is preferably configured to release and apply a first longitudinal conductive element on the slab L (the upper surface of each slab), which has a major dimension that is generally orthogonal to the forward direction B and extends longitudinally over a major part of the length of the first applicator frame 411 itself (and / or the width of the slab L to be processed).

[0136] Advantageously, the first applicator frame 411 is preferably configured to release and apply longitudinal (thin) strips on the slab L (the upper surface of each slab), where the longitudinal strips have a longitudinal extension (preferably but not limited to being straight), which is generally orthogonal to the forward direction and extends longitudinally over a major part of the length of the first applicator frame 411 itself (and / or the width of the slab L to be processed).

[0137] The first support frame 410 (and the first applicator frame 411) is supported (and carried) by the frame 400 and can thus move along the first sliding direction Y on the support surface A of the conveyor 20 together with it.

[0138] In this way, the first applicator frame 411 can be positioned at any given axial position of the slab L (resting on the support surface A), which axial position is defined along the forward direction B and / or the first sliding direction Y.

[0139] More specifically, in this way (and due to the dimensions of the first applicator frame 411), the first applicator frame 411 can be positioned at any two or more specific and different axial positions of the slab L (resting on the support surface A) defined along the forward direction B and / or the first sliding direction Y, and release the corresponding first conductive elements on the slab L, that is, be able to release one (identical) first conductive element at two or more given axial positions of the same slab L (corresponding).

[0140] In fact, due to the translation of the frame 400 along the first sliding direction Y, the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 can be arranged to be superimposed in a plan view on any axial portion of the slab L that is less than its total axial length (e.g., its whole divisor), or on any two different axial positions of the slab L.

[0141] The frame 400 and / or the first support frame 410 (and the first applicator frame 411) has a longitudinal stroke along the first sliding direction Y that is at least twice the width of the first support frame and / or the first applicator frame (and is approximately equal to or slightly less than the length of the support surface A and / or the conveyor 20).

[0142] Preferably, the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 can move vertically along the vertical direction Z (orthogonal to the support surface A) towards and / or away from the support surface A, that is, alternatively move between at least one position away from the support surface A and at least one position close to the support surface A.

[0143] In fact, the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 is supported by the frame 400 and has the possibility of sliding vertically along the vertical direction Z.

[0144] Preferably, the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 is allowed two independent vertical translations along the vertical direction Z, including a main translation and a fine adjustment translation (with a translation stroke smaller than the main translation).

[0145] For example, the first support frame 410 is supported by a first support carriage 412 which, preferably but not restrictively, is also shaped as a frame and which is constrained to the frame 400 by means of a restraint, preferably by means of a prismatic connection which (exclusively) allows the first carriage 412 to slide relative to the frame 400 with respect to the vertical direction Z.

[0146] In fact, the frame 400 includes vertical guides (for example one vertical guide at each of its uprights) which are engaged by shoes fixed to the first carriage 412.

[0147] For example, the first carriage 412 is superimposed on the first support frame 410 in a plan view.

[0148] Moreover, the first carriage 412 is constrained to the frame 400 at its elevation, preferably at its rear elevation or its front elevation (orthogonal to the first sliding direction Y and / or the advancement direction B).

[0149] The travel allowed to the first carriage 412 by its connection to the frame 400 defines the above-mentioned main translation.

[0150] The first carriage 412 is driven by a linear actuator unit to slide along the vertical direction Z, preferably along two sliding directions.

[0151] Preferably, but not restrictively, the actuator unit comprises (or consists of) a first pneumatic jack 413 which is supported, for example, by the frame 400, for example at the (centre line of the) crossbar.

[0152] Preferably, the actuator unit can be configured to stop the first carriage 412 at at least a first distal position and at least a first proximal position, at the first distal position, the first carriage 412 being at the maximum distance from the support surface A (for example at the distance at which the frame 400 is allowed to translate along the first sliding direction Y), at the first proximal position, the first carriage 412 being at the minimum distance from the support surface A (for example the first applicator frame 411 being at a given non-zero distance from the support surface A).

[0153] In addition, it can be provided that the actuator unit can be configured to stop the first carriage 412 at at least an intermediate position between the first distal position and the first proximal position, for example to allow / facilitate the replacement of the first applicator frame 411 and / or the operations of maintenance / cleaning thereof.

[0154] In addition, the first support frame 410 is constrained to the first carriage 412 by means of a restraint, preferably a prismatic connection which allows the first support frame 410 to slide relative to the first carriage 412 with respect to the vertical direction Z by at least one amount.

[0155] In fact, the first carriage 412 includes vertical guides engaged by slides fixed to the first support frame 410.

[0156] The first support frame 410 is slidably movable relative to the first carriage 412 between a raised position and a lowered position.

[0157] The travel allowed to the first support frame 410 by connection to the first carriage 412 defines the fine translation.

[0158] The first support frame 410 is driven by a linear actuating unit to slide relative to the first carriage 412 along the vertical direction Z, preferably along two sliding directions.

[0159] Preferably, but not restrictively, the linear actuating unit can be of manual or automatic type.

[0160] In the illustrated example, the linear actuating unit is of manual type and includes (or consists of) a first knob 414 (or handwheel), which is supported, for example, by the first carriage 412 and connected to at least one (manual) screw actuator.

[0161] Preferably, the first knob 414 is connected to a plurality of screw actuators, for example four in number (one for each edge of the first carriage 412), and is synchronized (in pairs), for example by means of respective universal joint transmissions.

[0162] It is not excluded that the linear actuating unit is provided with one or more motors adapted to adjust the height of the first support frame 410 relative to the first carriage 412.

[0163] This fine translation allows adjustment of the contact pressure and / or the contact position between the first applicator frame 411 and the slab L (on its upper surface), depending on its thickness and / or other processing parameters.

[0164] It is also not excluded that the overall translation of the first support frame 410 (i.e., the sum of the above-mentioned main translation and the above-mentioned fine translation) can be carried out by a single actuator (motorized or manual) (such as an electric motor, etc.).

[0165] Moreover, the first applicator frame 411 can be associated in an oscillating / rotating manner about a vertical oscillation axis.

[0166] Preferably, the first applicator frame 411 is constrained to the first support frame 410 by means of an additional constraint that allows (small) oscillation of the first applicator frame 411 relative to the first support frame 410 about a vertical oscillation axis (central, i.e., placed at the intersection of the diagonals of the first support frame 410).

[0167] In this way, the orientation of the first applicator frame 411 (i.e., the first conductive element formed thereby on the slab L) on the horizontal plane can be adjusted (in a fine manner).

[0168] The first applicator frame 411 is driven by an adjustment unit to oscillate preferably in two directions about the vertical oscillation axis relative to the first support frame 410.

[0169] Preferably, but not restrictively, the adjustment unit can be of manual or automatic type.

[0170] In the illustrated example, the adjustment unit is of manual type and includes (or consists of) a first knob 415, which is supported, for example, by the first support frame 410 and connected to at least one (manual) screw actuator.

[0171] Preferably, the first knob 415 is connected to a plurality of screw actuators, for example, four in number (one for each edge of the first support frame 410), and synchronized (in pairs) by respective universal joint transmissions.

[0172] As illustrated in the drawings - in particular as Figure 11 shown - the first applicator frame 411 includes a first (appropriately) perforated web (according to a given design / arrangement of holes), which is adapted to be traversed by a conductive paste (in its holes) (so as to produce the first conductive element, i.e., the aforementioned conductive strip).

[0173] The perforated web is supported within the first support frame 410 and, as mentioned, is shaped as a (horizontal) frame, for example such that the perforated web lies on a substantially horizontal surface.

[0174] The first coating device 41 further includes at least one movable squeegee on the first applicator frame 411, which is used to spread the conductive paste thereon and / or to release the first conductive element (onto the slab), for example by passing through the holes of the first (perforated) web by means of the pressure applied by the squeegee.

[0175] For example, the first coating device 41 includes a first spreading squeegee 416, which is supported above the first applicator frame 411, for example, by the first support frame 410 or by the first carriage 412.

[0176] The first spreading squeegee 416 is made of metal, for example.

[0177] Preferably, the first spreading squeegee 416 can be vertically moved between a raised position, in which it is remote from the first applicator frame 411, and a lowered position, in which it is close to the first applicator frame 411, for example at a non-zero distance therefrom or in close proximity thereto.

[0178] Preferably, the first spreading doctor blade 416 is vertically translated by an actuator, preferably a pneumatic jack.

[0179] Specifically, the first spreading doctor blade 416 is fixed to the free (lower) end of the rod of the pneumatic jack.

[0180] Moreover, the first spreading doctor blade 416 can be translationally moved along a second horizontal sliding direction X, for example parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 (i.e., orthogonal to the first sliding direction Y), for example between two corresponding end positions, which are preferably adjustable and / or defined by the axial ends of the first applicator frame 411 (and / or by the first longitudinal conductive element defined thereby).

[0181] Preferably, the body of the pneumatic jack is guided on longitudinal guides (fixed to the first support frame 410 and / or the first carriage 412) so as to be able to slide along said horizontal sliding direction.

[0182] For example, a motorized and / or pneumatically operated actuating unit (not illustrated), fixed to the first support frame 410 and / or the first carriage 412, is configured to drive the first spreading doctor blade 416 to translate alternately between two end positions.

[0183] For example, the first spreading doctor blade 416 is configured to operate a forward (or spreading) stroke from an end rest position to an opposite end position when in a lowered position, and a return stroke towards the end rest position when in a raised position.

[0184] A conductive paste dispensing unit (not illustrated) is configured to dispense a predetermined amount of conductive paste onto the first applicator frame 411 when the first spreading doctor blade 416 is in the end rest position before its forward stroke (so that the conductive paste can spread along the entire first applicator frame 411 during its forward stroke).

[0185] For example, the first coating device 41 includes a first writing doctor blade 417, which is supported above the first applicator frame 411, for example by the first support frame 410 or by the first carriage 412.

[0186] The first writing doctor blade 417 is made of rubber and / or plastic material, for example.

[0187] Preferably, the first writing doctor blade 417 can be vertically moved between a raised position, in which it is remote from the first applicator frame 411, and a lowered position, in which it is close to the first applicator frame 411, for example in forced contact therewith (so as to tension it downwards and bring it into contact with the underlying slab L).

[0188] Preferably, the first writing scraper 417 is driven in vertical translation by a (separate) actuator, preferably a pneumatic jack.

[0189] In detail, the first writing scraper 417 is fixed to the free (lower) end of the rod of the pneumatic jack.

[0190] Furthermore, the first writing scraper 417 is movable in translation along the second horizontal sliding direction X, for example between two corresponding end positions, which are preferably adjustable and / or defined by the axial ends of the first applicator frame 411 (and / or the first longitudinal conductive element defined thereby).

[0191] Preferably, the body of the pneumatic jack is guided on longitudinal guides (the same as previously described) (fixed to the first support frame 410 and / or the first carriage 412) so as to be able to slide along said horizontal sliding direction.

[0192] The actuating unit (preferably the same actuating unit that also drives the spreading scraper) is motorized and / or pneumatically operated (not shown), for example fixed to the first support frame 410 and / or the first slide 412, and is constructed to drive the first writing scraper 417 in alternating translation between two end positions.

[0193] For example, the first writing scraper 417 is configured to operate a forward (or writing) stroke from the end rest position to the opposite end position when in the lowered position, and to operate a return stroke toward the end rest position when in the raised position.

[0194] The forward stroke of the first writing scraper 417 follows the forward stroke of the first spreading scraper 416 (and the subsequent return stroke) so that during the forward stroke of the first writing scraper 417 (wherein the first writing scraper itself remains pressed in its lowered position on the first applicator frame itself) the conductive paste (previously spread by the first spreading scraper 416) is passed through the first applicator frame 411 (the determined and calibrated openings) to release and apply a predetermined amount of conductive paste, which defines a first conductive element (at a predetermined axial position) on the slab L arranged below the first applicator frame 411.

[0195] Furthermore, the first coating device 41 may provide a "disengagement" device (not illustrated, of a type known in the art) which is a servo-actuated device configured to lift the rear front portion of the first applicator frame 411 during the forward stroke of the first writing scraper 417 in the direction of advance of the first writing scraper 417 in its forward stroke so as to separate the portion of the first applicator frame 411 over which the first writing scraper 417 has passed from the slab L (to improve the clarity / precision of the conductive element obtained).

[0196] Furthermore, preferably, the coating device 40 includes a second coating device 42 configured to release / apply a first conductive element (e.g., a conductive element of a second type), where preferably, the second conductive element (applied / released by the second coating device 42) is different from the first conductive element (applied / released by the first coating device 41), e.g., different in type, shape, and / or function.

[0197] The second coating device 42 includes a second support frame 420 configured to support (alternatively) a second applicator frame 421 (different from the first applicator frame both in shape and in the conductive element released therefrom).

[0198] The second support frame 420 is shaped, for example, as a (horizontal) frame, generally quadrilateral, preferably rectangular, and the second applicator frame 421 is supported within this frame (such that it lies in a generally horizontal plane).

[0199] The second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 has (a rectangular shape and) a longitudinal extension along its generally horizontal longitudinal axis.

[0200] For example, the length of the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 along its longitudinal axis is (respectively) less than the length of the first support frame 410 and / or the first applicator frame 411 (roughly half of it).

[0201] Advantageously, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 has a length substantially less than (substantially equal to or equivalent to half) the width of the support surface A in a direction orthogonal to the forward direction B, and a width (far) less than the length of the support surface A, i.e., (far) less than the length of the slab L to be processed.

[0202] Specifically, the width of the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 (i.e., its horizontal dimension orthogonal to its longitudinal axis) is less than half the length of the support surface A (preferably less than a quarter of this length).

[0203] The second applicator frame 421 is preferably configured to release and apply, on the slab L (the upper surface of each slab L), a second conductive element having, for example, a predetermined (unique) orientation.

[0204] For example, the second conductive element is of the type of an inscription (or any writing) and / or a design (e.g., a logo or other type of design / decoration).

[0205] Advantageously, the second applicator frame 421 is preferably configured to release and apply an inscription and / or a design on the slab L (the upper surface of each slab), wherein the inscription and / or the design can mainly extend in a direction orthogonal to the advancing direction B and longitudinally extending on a small portion of the width of the slab L to be processed.

[0206] The second support frame 420 is supported (and carried) by the frame 400 and can thus move along the first sliding direction Y on the support surface A of the conveyor 20 together with it.

[0207] In this way, the second applicator frame 421 can be positioned at any given axial position of the slab L (resting on the support surface L), which axial position is defined along the advancing direction B and / or the first sliding direction Y.

[0208] More specifically, in this way (and due to the size / width of the second applicator frame 421), the second applicator frame 421 can be positioned at any two or more given different axial positions of the slab L (resting on the support surface L) defined along the advancing direction B and / or the first sliding direction Y, and a corresponding second conductive element can be released on the slab L, that is, one (identical) second conductive element can be released at two or more given axial positions of the same slab L.

[0209] In fact, due to the translation of the frame 400 along the first sliding direction Y, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 can be arranged to be superimposed in a plan view on any axial portion of the slab that is less than its total axial length (e.g., an exact divisor thereof), or superimposed on any two different axial positions of the slab L.

[0210] The frame 400 and / or the second support frame 420 (and the second applicator frame 421) have a longitudinal stroke along the first sliding direction Y that is at least twice the width of the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 (and is approximately equal to or slightly less than the length of the support surface A and / or the conveyor 20).

[0211] Preferably, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 can move vertically along the vertical direction Z (orthogonal to the support surface A) towards and / or away from the support surface A, that is, alternatively move between at least one position away from the support surface A and at least one position close to the support surface A.

[0212] In fact, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 are supported by the frame 400 and have the possibility of vertical sliding along the vertical direction Z.

[0213] Preferably, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 are allowed two independent vertical translations along the vertical direction Z, including a main translation and a fine translation (with a translation stroke smaller than the main translation).

[0214] For example, the second support frame 420 is supported by a second support carriage 422.

[0215] The second carriage 422 preferably includes an upper (vertical) support beam 4221, which in turn supports (below) a lower support sub-frame 4222.

[0216] The support sub-frame 4222 is preferably but not restrictively shaped as a frame.

[0217] The support beam 4221 is constrained to the frame 400 by means of a constraint, preferably a prismatic connection, which allows the second carriage 422 (as a whole) to slide relative to the frame 400 in the vertical direction Z.

[0218] In fact, the frame 400 includes vertical guides (such as vertical guides at its crossbars), which are engaged by shoes fixed to the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422.

[0219] Again, the second carriage 422 is constrained to the frame 400 at the face opposite to the face to which the first carriage 412 of the first coating device 41 is constrained.

[0220] The travel allowed to the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 by its connection to the frame 400 defines the above-mentioned main translation.

[0221] The second carriage 422 and / or the support beam 4221 are driven by a linear actuator unit to slide along the vertical direction Z, preferably along two sliding directions.

[0222] Preferably, but not restrictively, the actuator unit includes (or consists of) a second pneumatic jack 423, which is supported by the frame 400, for example at the crossbar (centerline).

[0223] Preferably, the actuator unit can be configured to stop the second carriage 422 at at least a first distal position and at least a first proximal position, at the first distal position, the second carriage 422 is at the maximum distance from the support surface A (for example at this distance, allowing the frame 400 to translate along the first sliding direction Y), at the first proximal position, the second carriage 422 is at the minimum distance from the support surface A (for example the second applicator frame 421 is at a given non-zero distance from the support surface A).

[0224] Furthermore, it is possible to provide that the actuator unit can be configured to stop the second carriage 422 in at least an intermediate position between a first distal position and a first proximal position, for example to allow / facilitate the replacement and / or maintenance / cleaning operations of the second applicator frame 421.

[0225] For example, the support sub-frame 4222 of the second carriage 422 is superimposed on the second support frame 420 in a plan view (and the two are connected by support columns placed, for example, at the vertices of a rectangle).

[0226] Furthermore, the second applicator frame 421 is constrained to the second support frame 420 by means of a constraint, preferably a prismatic connection, which allows at least one sliding of the second applicator frame 421 relative to the second support frame 420 with respect to the vertical direction Z.

[0227] The second applicator frame 421 can be slidably moved relative to the second support frame 420 between a raised position and a lowered position.

[0228] The travel allowed to the second applicator frame 421 by the connection to the second support frame 420 defines the above-mentioned fine translation.

[0229] The second applicator frame 421 is driven by a linear actuation unit to slide relative to the second support frame 420 along the vertical direction Z, preferably along two sliding directions.

[0230] Preferably, but not restrictively, the linear actuation unit can be of manual or automatic type.

[0231] In the illustrated example, the linear actuation unit is of manual type and includes (or consists of) a plurality of second screw knobs 424 (for example one for each edge), which are supported, for example, by the second support frame 420 and are located on the second applicator frame 421.

[0232] It is not excluded that the linear actuation unit is provided with one or more motors suitable for adjusting the height of the second applicator frame 421 relative to the second support frame 420.

[0233] This fine translation allows adjusting the contact pressure and / or the contact position between the second applicator frame 421 and the slab L (the upper surface thereof) (depending on its thickness and / or other processing parameters).

[0234] It is also not excluded that the overall translation of the second applicator frame 421 (i.e., the sum of the above-mentioned main translation and the above-mentioned fine translation) can be carried out by a single actuator (motorized or manual) (such as an electric motor, etc.).

[0235] Moreover, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 can rotate about a vertical rotation axis R (which is preferably centered relative to the second applicator frame 421, i.e., intersects it, preferably at the intersection of its diagonals).

[0236] Preferably, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 can rotate about the vertical rotation axis R by a rotation angle equal to 180° or 90° (or any desired rotation angle) so as to be able to change the orientation of the second conductive element released by the second applicator frame 421 on the slab L.

[0237] Preferably, but not restrictively, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 are allowed two oscillations / rotations about the vertical rotation axis R, including a main rotation and a fine rotation (with a smaller rotation angle than the main rotation).

[0238] It is not excluded that the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 only allow the main rotation.

[0239] For example, the support sub-frame 4222 is constrained (below) to the support beam 4221 such that it can rotate (exclusively) about the vertical rotation axis R.

[0240] In particular, the support sub-frame 4222 is supported by a preferably motorized slewing ring 4223 which has a fixed ring rigidly fixed to the support beam 4221 and a movable ring rigidly fixed (above) to the support sub-frame 4222.

[0241] The rotation allowed to the support sub-frame 4222 through the connection with the support beam 4221 and through the slewing ring 4223 defines the above-mentioned main rotation.

[0242] It is not excluded that the main rotation can be performed manually or using another type of implementation.

[0243] Preferably, the second applicator frame 421 can be constrained to the support sub-frame 4222 of the second support frame 420 by means of additional constraints which allow a (small) oscillation of the second applicator frame 421 relative to the support sub-frame 4222 about an (additional) vertical oscillation axis (e.g., parallel and eccentric or concentric with respect to the vertical oscillation axis responsible for the main rotation).

[0244] In this way, the orientation of the second applicator frame 421 (i.e., the second conductive element on the slab L) in the horizontal plane can be adjusted (in a fine manner).

[0245] Specifically, the second applicator frame 421 is hinged (relative to said further vertical axis of rotation) to the support sub-frame 4222, for example at its short side (i.e., its axial end along the longitudinal axis), and the opposite short side is guided to rotate along a circular slot defining a part of a circumferential arc.

[0246] The second applicator frame 421 is driven by an adjustment unit to oscillate relative to the support sub-frame 4222 about said further vertical axis of oscillation, preferably in two directions.

[0247] Preferably, but not restrictively, the adjustment unit can be of manual or automatic type.

[0248] In the illustrated example, the adjustment unit is of manual type and comprises (or consists of) a second knob 425 or two, which are inserted, for example, into the above-mentioned slot and allow adjustment (when loosened) of the orientation and blocking (when tightened) in the desired orientation of the second applicator frame 421.

[0249] The rotation / oscillation allowed to the second applicator frame 421 by connection to the support sub-frame 4222 defines the above-mentioned fine rotation.

[0250] The combination of the main rotation and the fine rotation (when provided) defines the overall rotation of the second applicator frame 421 relative to the vertical axis of rotation R.

[0251] Advantageously, the second coating device 42, preferably the second support frame 420 and the second applicator frame 421 are movable (translated) relative to the conveyor 20 along a second sliding direction X which is horizontal and orthogonal to the first sliding direction Y.

[0252] In this way, the second applicator frame 421 can be positioned at any given lateral position of the slab L (resting on the support surface A) defined along the horizontal direction and orthogonal to the forward direction B, and a second conductive element can be released thereon and / or one (identical) second conductive element can be released at two or more different (and non-overlapping) lateral positions of the same slab L.

[0253] Specifically, the support beam 4221 is preferably slidably associated with the frame 400 between two end-of-travel positions along said second sliding direction X (i.e., parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam itself), the end-of-travel positions being preferably adjustable, at which the second applicator frame 421, for example, still overlaps the support surface A and / or is substantially at the opposite lateral edges of the support surface A.

[0254] Advantageously, the crossbars (of the frame 400) include longitudinal sliding guides, and suitable sliding shoes fixed to the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 (which supports the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421) are slidably associated with the longitudinal sliding guides, thereby allowing the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 (which supports the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421) to slide laterally relative to the frame 400 and thus relative to the frame 22 of the conveyor 20 / support surface A.

[0255] Advantageously, the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 (which supports the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421) is movable on the conveyor 20, so as to be able to travel a stroke approximately equal to (or slightly less than) the width of the support surface A (in a direction orthogonal to the forward direction B), that is, a stroke approximately equal to the width of the support surface A minus the length of the second applicator frame 421.

[0256] The support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 (which supports the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421) is driven by an additional linear actuator unit to slide along the second sliding direction X, preferably in both sliding directions.

[0257] Preferably, but not restrictively, the additional actuator unit includes (or consists of) a sub-motor 402 preferably provided with an encoder, which is supported by the frame 400 for example (and connected to the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 which supports the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421) by means of a suitable transmission to a belt / chain for example.

[0258] More specifically, in this way (and due to the dimensions / length of the second applicator frame 421), the second applicator frame 421 can be positioned at any two or more given different lateral positions of the slab L (resting on the support surface L) defined along the second sliding direction X, and a corresponding second conductive element can be released on the slab L, that is, one (identical) second conductive element can be released at two or more given lateral positions of the same slab L.

[0259] In fact, due to the translation of the support beam 4221 of the second carriage 422 along the second sliding direction X, the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 can be arranged to be superimposed in plan view on any lateral part of the slab that is less than its total lateral width (for example, any divisor thereof), or on any two different lateral positions of the slab L.

[0260] The second carriage 422 (and its support beam 4221) (as well as the second applicator frame 421) has a lateral stroke along the second sliding direction X, which is at least twice the length of the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421.

[0261] Due to the combination of (axial and lateral translation of the frame 400 on the support surface A) (due to the translation of the second carriage 422 on the frame 400), the second applicator frame 421 can be positioned (as in a Cartesian plane) at any point (along the first sliding direction Y and the second sliding direction X) of the slab L resting on the support surface A.

[0262] As illustrated in the drawings - in particular as Figure 14 shown - the second applicator frame 421 includes a (second) (appropriately) perforated web (according to a given design / arrangement of holes), which is adapted to be traversed by the conductive paste (in its holes) (in order to produce the second conductive element, namely the aforementioned inscription and / or design).

[0263] The perforated web is supported within the first support frame 410, which, as mentioned, is shaped as a (horizontal) frame, for example such that the perforated web lies on a substantially horizontal surface.

[0264] The second coating device 42 further includes at least one movable spreading squeegee on the second applicator frame 421, which is used to spread the conductive paste thereon and / or to release the second conductive element (onto the slab), for example by passing through the holes of the (second) perforated web by means of the pressure exerted by the squeegee.

[0265] For example, the second coating device 42 includes a second spreading squeegee 426, which is supported above the second applicator frame 421, for example by the second support frame 420 or by the second carriage 422, in particular by its support sub-frame 4222.

[0266] The second spreading squeegee 426 is made of metal, for example.

[0267] Preferably, the second spreading squeegee 426 can be vertically moved between a raised position, in which it is remote from the second applicator frame 421, and a lowered position, in which it is close to the second applicator frame 421, for example at a non-zero distance therefrom or in close proximity thereto.

[0268] Preferably, the second spreading squeegee 426 is driven in vertical translation by an actuator, preferably a pneumatic jack.

[0269] In detail, the second spreading squeegee 426 is fixed to the free (lower) end of the rod of the pneumatic jack.

[0270] Moreover, the second spreading squeegee 426 can be translated in a second horizontal sliding direction X, for example parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second support frame 420 and / or the second applicator frame 421 (i.e., orthogonal to the first sliding direction Y when the second applicator frame 421 has a longitudinal axis orthogonal to the advancing direction B), for example between two corresponding end positions, which end positions are preferably adjustable and / or defined by the axial ends of the second applicator frame 421 (and / or by the longitudinal conductive element defined thereby).

[0271] Preferably, the body of the pneumatic jack is guided on a longitudinal guide (fixed to the second support frame 420 and / or the second carriage 422, preferably the support sub-frame 4222) so as to be able to slide along the second horizontal sliding direction X.

[0272] For example, a motorized and / or pneumatically operated actuation unit (not illustrated), fixed to the second support frame 420 and / or the second carriage 422, preferably the support sub-frame 4222, is configured to drive the second spreading squeegee 426 to translate alternately between two end positions.

[0273] For example, the second spreading squeegee 426 is configured to operate a forward (or spreading) stroke from an end rest position to an opposite end position when in the lowered position, and a return stroke towards the end rest position when in the raised position.

[0274] A conductive paste dispensing unit (not illustrated) is configured to dispense a predetermined amount of conductive paste onto the second applicator frame 421 when the second spreading squeegee 426 is in the end rest position before the forward stroke (so as to spread along the entire second applicator frame 421 during its forward stroke).

[0275] For example, the second coating device 42 includes a second writing squeegee 427, which is supported above the second applicator frame 421, for example by the second support frame 420 or by the second carriage 422, preferably the support sub-frame 4222.

[0276] The second writing squeegee 427 is made of, for example, rubber and / or plastic material.

[0277] Preferably, the second writing squeegee 427 can be vertically moved between a raised position, in which it is away from the second applicator frame 421, and a lowered position, in which it is close to the second applicator frame 421, for example in forced contact therewith (so as to tension it downwards and bring it into contact with the underlying slab L).

[0278] Preferably, the second writing squeegee 427 is driven to translate vertically by an (independent) actuator, preferably a pneumatic jack.

[0279] In detail, the second writing scraper 427 is fixed to the free (lower) end of the rod of the pneumatic jack.

[0280] Furthermore, the second writing scraper 427 is movable in translation along the second horizontal sliding direction X, for example between two corresponding end positions, which are preferably adjustable and / or defined by axial ends of the second applicator frame 421 (and / or the conductive elements defined thereby).

[0281] Preferably, the body of the pneumatic jack is guided on longitudinal guides (the same as previously described) (fixed to the second support frame 420 and / or the second carriage 422) so as to be able to slide along said horizontal sliding direction.

[0282] The actuating unit (preferably the same actuating unit that simultaneously drives the second spreading scraper 416) is motorized and / or pneumatically operated (not shown), for example fixed to the second support frame 420 and / or the second slide 422, preferably the supporting small frame 4222, and is constructed to drive the second writing scraper 427 to translate alternately between two end positions.

[0283] For example, the second writing scraper 427 is configured to operate a forward (or writing) stroke from the end rest position to the opposite end position when in the lowered position, and to operate a return stroke toward the end rest position when in the raised position.

[0284] The forward stroke of the second writing scraper 427 follows the forward stroke of the second spreading scraper 426 (and the subsequent return stroke) so that during the forward stroke of the second writing scraper 427 (wherein the second writing scraper itself remains pressed in its lowered position on the second applicator frame itself) the conductive paste (previously spread by the second spreading scraper 426) is passed through the (determined and calibrated openings of) the second applicator frame 421, thereby releasing a predetermined amount of conductive paste, which defines a second conductive element (at a predetermined axial position) on the slab L arranged below the second applicator frame 421.

[0285] Furthermore, the second coating device 42 may provide a "disengagement" device (not illustrated, of a type known in the art) which is a servo-actuated device configured to lift the rear front portion of the second applicator frame 421 during the forward stroke of the second writing scraper 427 in the direction of advance of the second writing scraper 427 in its forward stroke so as to separate the portion of the second applicator frame 421 over which the second writing scraper 417 has passed from the blank L (to improve the clarity / precision of the conductive element obtained).

[0286] The machine 10 may have a single first coating device 41 as described above, or a single second coating device 42 as described above, or, as shown, two coating devices 41 and 42 as desired.

[0287] The machine 10 also includes an electronic control unit 100 responsible for the automatic / semi-automatic operation of the machine 10.

[0288] The electronic control unit 100 is operatively connected, for example, to one or more of the following components of the machine 10:

[0289] a photocell, the motor 21 of the conveyor 20, the main motor 401, the auxiliary motor 402, the first jack 413, the actuators of the first spreading blade 416 and the first writing blade 417, the second jack 423, the swivel ring 4223, and the actuators of the second spreading blade 426 and the second writing blade 427.

[0290] In view of what has been described above, the operation of the system 10 is as follows.

[0291] In fact, thanks to the machine 10, a method for applying a conductive paste on a slab (on its surface) can be carried out / implemented, which method provides:

[0292] - arranging the slab, preferably a glass slab (for manufacturing automotive or other cold fans or rear windows), to rest on a horizontal support surface; and

[0293] - possibly arranging a conductive paste, for example (but not limited to) a silver-based conductive paste, which is used for manufacturing the first conductive element and / or the second conductive element.

[0294] The method first provides loading a certain dose of the conductive paste onto the first applicator frame 411 and / or the second applicator frame 421.

[0295] When the slab L advances and is brought onto the support surface A, the method provides (using the photocell) detecting its front surface and driving the motor 21 of the conveyor 20 so that the slab L advances to the end position of a predetermined axial stroke, at which time the slab L is arranged along the advancing direction B at a predetermined desired processing position and entirely rests on the support surface A.

[0296] Subsequently, generally, the method provides centering and temporarily blocking the slab L on the support surface A, for example, by driving the centering unit 30.

[0297] In this way, the position of the slab L on the support surface A is precisely and uniquely determined.

[0298] At this point, the method provides driving the coating device 40 so as to release the conductive elements (i.e., the first conductive element and / or the second conductive element) at a first determined axial and / or transverse position on the slab L by means of the coating device itself (such as the first coating device 41 and / or the second coating device 42) movable on the support surface A.

[0299] Subsequently, the method provides for the translation of the coating device 40 along the first sliding direction Y (by operating the main motor 401), so that the coating device 40 is translated on the support surface A.

[0300] Subsequently, the method provides for releasing additional (identical) conductive elements (i.e., the first conductive element and / or the second conductive element) at a second determined axial and / or transverse position on the (same) slab L by means of the same coating device 40 (i.e., the first coating device 41 and / or the second coating device 42), wherein the second determined axial and / or transverse position is different from the first axial and / or transverse position.

[0301] For example, before releasing the additional conductive element, it can be provided that the coating device 40 can be rotated about at least one vertical rotation axis R so that the additional conductive element (subsequently released and / or coated onto the slab) has an orientation different from that of the previously released conductive element on the same slab.

[0302] More specifically, in the case of manufacturing the first conductive element (i.e., a longitudinal strip of conductive paste) on the slab L, once the slab L is in place on the support surface A and held thereon by the centering unit 30, the method provides for arranging the first coating device 41 by driving its translation along the first sliding direction Y (by means of the main motor 401) so that the first applicator frame 411 is superimposed in plan view on the (first) determined axial position of the slab L, at which axial position the first conductive element is manufactured / released / coated.

[0303] With the first applicator frame 411 in this position, a first coating sequence is started by the first coating device 41, which provides:

[0304] - First, position the first applicator frame 411 in its proximal position (by means of the first jack 413);

[0305] - Then drive the first spreading blade 416 (in a forward stroke and a subsequent return stroke) and the first writing blade 417 (in a forward stroke and a subsequent return stroke) in sequence, thereby coating the first conductive element.

[0306] After this first coating sequence, the first applicator frame 411 (repositioned in a raised position or an intermediate position) is commanded to translate along the first sliding direction Y until the first applicator frame 411 is superimposed in plan view on a different (second) determined axial position of the slab L, at which axial position additional (identical) first conductive elements are manufactured.

[0307] With the first applicator frame 411 in this different position, a second coating sequence is started by the first coating device 41, which provides:

[0308] - First, position the first applicator frame 411 in its proximal position (by means of the first jack 413);

[0309] - Then, drive the first spreading blade 416 (in the forward stroke and the subsequent return stroke) and the first writing blade 417 (in the forward stroke and the subsequent return stroke) in sequence, so as to apply the second conductive element.

[0310] Actually, two identical first conductive elements parallel to and separated from each other are manufactured on the slab L, such as two strips of conductive paste, which are parallel and arranged at a given axial position of the slab L (orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the slab itself), and which, for example, become conductive rods / strips (so-called busbars) after undergoing a firing process, for example, for heating glass, preferably for its anti-fog / defrost function.

[0311] However, in the case of manufacturing the second conductive element (i.e., inscription and / or design / logo or other suitable markings), whether it is manufactured on the same slab L where the above-mentioned first conductive element or other slabs are provided, once the slab L is placed on the support surface A and held thereon by the centering unit 30, the method provides for arranging the second coating device 42 by driving its translation along the first sliding direction Y (by means of the main motor 401) and / or the translation of the second carriage 422 along the second sliding direction X (by means of the auxiliary motor 402), so that the second applicator frame 421 is superimposed in the plan view on the (first) determined axial and / or transverse position of the slab L, at which position the second conductive element is manufactured.

[0312] With the second applicator frame 421 in this position, start the first coating sequence by the second coating device 42, which provides:

[0313] - First, position the second applicator frame 421 in its proximal position (by means of the second jack 423);

[0314] - Then, drive the second spreading blade 426 (in the forward stroke and the subsequent return stroke) and the second writing blade 427 (in the forward stroke and the subsequent return stroke) in sequence, so as to release the first conductive element.

[0315] After this first coating sequence, command the second applicator frame 421 (repositioned in the raised position or the intermediate position) to translate along the first sliding direction Y and / or along the second sliding direction X until the second applicator frame 421 is superimposed in the plan view on a different (second) determined axial and / or transverse position of the slab L, at which axial position another (identical) second conductive element is manufactured.

[0316] Simultaneously with or before / after, the second applicator frame 421 (repositioned in the raised or intermediate position) can be commanded to rotate (together with the slewing ring 4223) about the vertical axis of rotation R, for example, by 180°, so that the additional second conductive elements have an orientation opposite to that of the previously released second conductive elements on the slab L.

[0317] With the second applicator frame 421 in this additional different position and possibly different orientation, a second coating sequence is started by the second coating device 42, which provides:

[0318] - First, position the second applicator frame 421 in its proximal position (by means of the second jack 423);

[0319] - Then, drive the second spreading blade 426 (in the forward and subsequent return strokes) and the second writing blade 427 (in the forward and subsequent return strokes) in sequence, thereby releasing additional second conductive elements (rotated with respect to another second conductive element previously coated on the slab).

[0320] In fact, two identical second conductive elements are manufactured on the slab L, which are parallel and separated from each other and possibly have opposite orientations (i.e., rotated 180° with respect to each other), such as two inscriptions and / or designs, which are parallel and arranged at a given axial and / or transverse position of the slab L (e.g., at two opposite points on the diagonal of the slab, so that after the slab is mounted in the vertical plane, there is always a second conductive element carrying the text / design with the correct spatial positioning).

[0321] The invention thus conceived is susceptible to many modifications and variations, all of which fall within the same inventive concept.

[0322] Moreover, all details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

[0323] In fact, the materials used, as well as the possible shapes and dimensions, can be determined according to requirements without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A machine for applying conductive paste on a slab, comprising: - a conveyor provided with a horizontal support surface configured to support the slab and to move the slab in a horizontal advancement direction; - a centering unit configured to contact the slab by temporarily blocking and centering the slab on the support surface; as well as - A device for applying a conductive paste, which can be moved on the supporting surface at least along a first sliding direction parallel to the advancing direction, so that after translation along the first sliding direction, the conductive element can be released / applied in two or more given axial positions of the slab on the supporting surface defined along the first sliding direction.

2. The machine according to claim 1, wherein: The coating device comprises a first coater frame which is movable relative to the conveyor along a first sliding direction parallel to the advancement direction so as to be able to position the first coater frame at any given axial position defined along the advancement direction of the slab resting on the supporting surface and to release the conductive element thereon and / or to be able to release the conductive element at two or more axial positions on the same slab.

3. The machine according to claim 2, wherein: The first applicator frame has a longitudinal extension along a longitudinal axis which is substantially horizontal and orthogonal to the first sliding direction, and has a length which is substantially equal to the width of the support surface along a direction orthogonal to the advancement direction, and a width which is less than the length of the slab to be processed, so that the first applicator frame can be arranged to be superimposed in a plan view in any axial portion of the slab which is less than its total axial length, wherein, preferably, the first applicator frame has a minimum longitudinal stroke along the advancement direction which is at least twice the width of the first applicator frame.

4. A machine according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: The first applicator frame is configured to release and apply a longitudinal conductive strip onto the blank, wherein the conductive strip has a longitudinal extension substantially orthogonal to the advancing direction and which extends longitudinally for a major part of the length of the first applicator frame itself.

5. A machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The first applicator frame is supported by a carriage slidably associated with the frame of the conveyor along the first horizontal sliding direction parallel to the advancing direction.

6. A machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: The first applicator frame moves vertically along a vertical direction, alternating between a position away from the support surface and a position close to the support surface.

7. A machine according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: The first applicator frame is associated with at least a writing and / or spreading scraper movable vertically and along a second horizontal sliding direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first applicator frame.

8. The machine according to claim 1, wherein: The coating device comprises a second coater frame, wherein the second coater frame is movable relative to the conveyor along a first sliding direction parallel to the advancement direction so as to be able to position the second coater frame at any given axial position defined along the advancement direction of the slab resting on the supporting surface and to release the conductive element thereon and / or to be able to release the conductive element at two or more axial positions on the same slab.

9. Machine according to the preceding claim, wherein: The second applicator frame is movable relative to the conveyor along a second horizontal sliding direction and orthogonal to the first sliding direction so as to be able to position the second applicator frame at any given lateral position defined along a horizontal direction and orthogonal to the advancement direction of the slab resting on the supporting surface and release the conductive element thereon, and / or to be able to release the conductive element at two or more lateral positions on the same slab.

10. The machine according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein The second applicator frame is supported by a carriage slidably associated with a stage along the second sliding direction, the stage slidably associated with a frame of the conveyor along the first horizontal sliding direction parallel to the advancing direction.

11. A machine according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein: The second applicator frame moves vertically in a vertical direction, alternating between a position away from the support surface and a position close to the support surface.

12. A machine according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein The second applicator frame is rotatable about a vertical rotation axis, preferably through a rotation angle of 180°, in order to be able to change the orientation of the conductive elements released from the second applicator frame on the blank.

13. A machine according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein: The second applicator frame has a longitudinal extension along a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis and has a length that is less than the width of the support surface along a direction orthogonal to the advancement direction, wherein, preferably, the second applicator frame has a minimum cross-sectional stroke along a second sliding direction, which is at least equal to twice the length of the second applicator frame, and the second applicator frame has a width that is less than the length of the slab to be treated, wherein, preferably, the second applicator frame has a minimum longitudinal stroke along the advancement direction, which is at least twice the width of the second applicator frame, so that it can be arranged to be superimposed on any axial and transverse portions of the slab included in its total length and width in a plan view.

14. A machine according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein: The second applicator frame is configured to release and apply inscriptions and / or designs onto the blank.

15. A machine according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein The second applicator frame is associated with at least one writing scraper and / or one spreading scraper movable vertically and along a horizontal sliding direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second applicator frame.

16. A method for applying a conductive paste to a slab by means of a machine according to any one of the preceding claims, preferably for producing a conductive element on the slab, the method comprising: - arranging the slab to rest on a horizontal support surface; - Centering and temporarily blocking the slab on the support surface; - releasing and / or applying an electrically conductive element to the blank at a first given axial position of the blank by means of an application device movable on the support surface; - translating the coating device over the support surface and the slab centered thereon; as well as - releasing and / or applying an additional electrically conductive element by means of the coating device at a second given axial position on the blank, the second given axial position being different from the first axial position.

17. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein: The coating device is rotated about at least one vertical axis of rotation before releasing / applying a further conductive element, so that the further conductive element has a different orientation than the conductive element previously released / applied on the sheet blank.

18. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 17, comprising arranging a conductive paste for producing each conductive element, wherein Preferably, the conductive paste is silver based.

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