Integrated operation equipment for paddy field dry direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridging and rice transplanting

Abstract

The invention discloses paddy field dry direct seeding rotary tillage, ridging and rice transplanting integrated operation equipment which comprises a rotary cultivator, a rotary blade, a furrow opener and a gearbox are installed at the front end of a rack of the rotary cultivator, a power input shaft of the gearbox is used for being connected with power equipment, and an output shaft of the gearbox is connected with an installation shaft of the rotary blade. The rice transplanter is installed at the rear end of a machine frame of the rotary cultivator, a power input shaft of the gearbox is simultaneously connected with one end of a rice transplanter transmission mechanism, the other end of the rice transplanter transmission mechanism is connected with the rice transplanting component through a universal joint, and a rice transplanting depth control plate is fixedly installed on the side, close to the rotary cultivator, of the rice transplanting component. The transplanting depth control plate is attached to a ridge surface, so that the insertion depth of the transplanting component is kept constant, and the seedling insertion depth is kept stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to rice cultivation technology, and particularly to an integrated operation equipment for dry direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge formation and rice transplanting in paddy fields. Background Art

[0002] Rice is an important food crop. In the actual production process, the production method of rice cultivation has long been to raise seedlings and transplant rice seedlings, and flood irrigation of paddy fields (that is, water seeding and water pipe management, and the paddy fields are kept with water layer for a long time). Even when using mechanized operations, first use a rotary tiller to plow the fields, and then use a rice transplanter to perform the rice transplanting operation. This production method not only requires a large amount of irrigation water for paddy fields, but also requires two or more times of field operations to meet the agricultural needs of rice transplanting.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN205357013U discloses a boat-type agricultural machine, which is provided with a planting machine, rotary tillage cutters, and ridgers on a boat-type base, and a traveling device is installed on the boat-type base to realize functions such as rotary tillage, ridge formation, fertilization, sowing, rice transplanting, and harvesting in paddy field operations, achieving the purpose of multi-purpose of one machine. However, it still cannot complete operations such as rotary tillage, ridge formation, and rice transplanting in one operation, and does not change the current situation of water seeding and water pipe management for rice, and the paddy fields still require a large amount of irrigation water.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN113508664A discloses a rice dry direct seeding, watering, fertilizing and film mulching integrated machine, which includes a watering component, a fertilizing component, a sowing component, a rotary tillage component, a front spherical ditching wheel component, a soil covering component, a film mulching group, a frame, a rear spherical film pressing wheel component, a transmission component, and a depth-limiting wheel component, and is used for dry direct seeding of rice or upland rice, eliminating the seedling raising and rice transplanting links, and realizing all operations of rotary tillage, stubble burying, leveling, fertilization, sowing, spherical ditching, watering, film mulching, soil covering, spherical film pressing, and ridge formation at one time. However, this kind of machine often has problems such as the rice seedlings being planted too deep or too shallow, and it is difficult to guarantee the planting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, aiming at the deficiencies of the existing rice transplanters that often have problems such as the rice seedlings being planted too deep or too shallow and it is difficult to guarantee the planting quality, the present invention provides an integrated operation equipment for dry direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge formation and rice transplanting in paddy fields that can guarantee the planting quality.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A rice paddy dry direct seeding rotary tillage ridging and transplanting integrated operation equipment, which includes a rotary tiller. A rotary tillage blade, a furrow opener and a gearbox are installed at the front end of the frame of the rotary tiller. The power input shaft of the gearbox is used to connect a power device, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the installation shaft of the rotary tillage blade. A transplanter is installed at the rear end of the frame of the rotary tiller. The power input shaft of the gearbox is simultaneously connected to one end of a transplanter transmission mechanism, and the other end of the transplanter transmission mechanism is connected to a transplanting component through a universal joint. And a transplanting depth control plate is fixedly installed on the side of the transplanting component close to the rotary tiller. During transplanting, the transplanting depth control plate fits the ridged surface, so that the insertion depth of the transplanting component remains constant.

[0008] In the present invention, a rotary tiller for realizing field soil tillage, furrow opening and ridging is installed at the front end of the same operation equipment, and a transplanter is installed at the rear end. In this way, when the present invention is used, the operations of field soil tillage, furrow opening, ridging and rice transplanting can be completed at one time, which not only improves the operation efficiency, reduces the consumption of water resources, but also reduces the rolling of the equipment on the field. In addition, in the present invention, a transplanting depth control plate is fixedly installed on the side of the transplanting component close to the rotary tiller. During transplanting, the transplanting depth control plate fits the ridged surface, so that the insertion depth of the transplanting component remains constant, avoiding the insertion depth of the transplanting needle being too deep or too shallow due to the change of the rotary tillage depth of the rotary tiller, and ensuring the quality of seedling transplanting.

[0009] Preferably, the rear end of the frame of the rotary tiller is connected to the transplanting component through a four-bar linkage mechanism, and a telescopic cylinder is installed between the frame of the rotary tiller and the four-bar linkage mechanism. The telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the four-bar linkage mechanism. In this way, not only can the insertion angle of the transplanting component be adjusted by controlling the telescopic cylinder, but also the transplanting depth control plate contacts the ridged surface and cooperates with the four-bar linkage mechanism, and the profiling movement can be spontaneously carried out according to the undulation of the field surface, automatically adjusting the height of the transplanting component to keep the insertion depth of the transplanting needle and the planting depth of the seedlings stable.

[0010] Preferably, a pin is arranged on the four-bar linkage mechanism, and a slot is arranged on the telescopic rod. When the included angle α between the four-bar linkage mechanism and the telescopic rod is ≥12°, the pin disengages from the slot and the telescopic rod is unlocked. When the included angle α between the four-bar linkage mechanism and the telescopic rod is <12°, the pin inserts into the slot and the telescopic rod is locked, thus ensuring that the transplanting component will not move when it is not working.

[0011] Preferably, a return spring for resetting the pin is installed between the pin and the four-bar linkage mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, a guide cylinder is installed on the four-bar linkage mechanism. The telescopic rod passes through the guide cylinder and is hinged to the four-bar linkage mechanism, and the pin extends into the guide cylinder. The return spring is installed between the guide cylinder and the pin.

[0013] Preferably, the four-bar linkage is a parallelogram mechanism to ensure that the angle adjustment of the transplanting component can be realized more smoothly.

[0014] Preferably, the telescopic cylinder is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission mechanism of the transplanter includes a small gear installed on the power input shaft, a large gear meshing with the small gear, and a transmission shaft connected to the rotating shaft of the large gear.

[0016] Preferably, the transplanting depth control plate has the same width as the ridge surface to make the control of the insertion depth more stable.

[0017] Preferably, a grass-pressing spring is installed on the bottom surface of the transplanting depth control plate to improve the weeding function.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1) By designing a transplanting depth control plate under the transplanting component, during operation, the transplanting depth control plate contacts the ridge surface and cooperates with the four-bar linkage structure, enabling the transplanter to spontaneously achieve profiling movement according to the undulation of the field surface and automatically adjust the height of the transplanting component to keep the insertion depth of the seedlings stable.

[0020] 2) The present invention realizes the operations of rotary tillage, ditch opening, ridging, and transplanting in the field at one time. It not only increases the oxygen content in the rice roots, promotes the greening of the seedlings, reduces the harmful gases generated during the growth of rice to a certain extent, but also improves the water resource utilization efficiency and achieves the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic front-end structure diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a top view of the transmission mechanism of the transplanter of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a view of the connecting part of the transplanting component (removing the transplanting board).

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transplanting depth control plate and the grass-pressing spring.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a four-bar linkage mechanism.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the transmission principle diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the structural schematic diagram of the transplanter of the present invention during operation.

[0029] Figure 8 This is the structural schematic diagram of the transplanter of the present invention when it is not working.

[0030] Figure 9 This is the schematic diagram of the field soil after the operation of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Middle furrow plow, 2. Rotary tillage blade, 3. Power input shaft, 4. Protective cover, 5. Side furrow plow, 6. Seat, 7. Seedling holding plate of the transplanter, 8. Seedling placement rack, 9. Four-bar linkage mechanism, 10. Transplanting component, 11. Transplanting depth control plate, 12. Furrow opener, 13. Gearbox, 14. Small gear, 15. Large gear, 16. Universal joint, 17. Hydraulic control lever, 18. Hydraulic oil pipeline, 19. Slot, 20. Telescopic cylinder, 21. Return spring, 22. Pin, 23. Telescopic rod, 24. Guide cylinder, 25. Transmission shaft, 26. Weed pressing spring, 27. Soil leveling plate, 28. Ridge surface, A. Rotary tiller, B. Transplanter. Specific Embodiments

[0032] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, but does not limit the protection scope of the present invention thereby.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0035] Please refer toFigure 1 - Figure 6 , an embodiment of the integrated operation equipment for dry direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge formation and rice transplanting in paddy fields of the present invention includes a rotary tiller A. A rotary tillage blade 2, a ditching plow (including side ditching plows 5 on both sides and a middle ditching plow 1 in the middle), and a gearbox 13 are installed at the front end of the frame of the rotary tiller A. A power input shaft 3 of the gearbox 13 is used to connect a power device, and a power output shaft of the gearbox 13 is connected to the mounting shaft of the rotary tillage blade 2; a rice transplanter B and a boat-shaped ditching device 12 are installed at the rear end of the frame of the rotary tiller A. The power input shaft 3 of the gearbox 13 is simultaneously connected to one end of a rice transplanter transmission mechanism, and the other end of the rice transplanter transmission mechanism is connected to a rice transplanting component 10 through a universal joint 16. A rice transplanting depth control plate 11 is fixedly installed on the side of the rice transplanting component 10 close to the rotary tiller. During rice transplanting, the rice transplanting depth control plate 11 fits the ridge surface, so that the insertion depth of the rice transplanting needles of the rice transplanting component 10 remains constant. It should be noted that the rotary tiller and the rice transplanter in the present invention are prior arts, so the rotary tillage, ditching principle and rice transplanting principle will not be introduced herein.

[0036] The rear end of the frame of the rotary tiller A is connected to the rice transplanting component 10 through a four-bar linkage mechanism 9 arranged on both sides, and a telescopic cylinder 20 is installed between the frame of the rotary tiller and the four-bar linkage mechanism 9. A telescopic rod 23 of the telescopic cylinder 20 is connected to the four-bar linkage mechanism 9. In this way, not only can the adjustment of the insertion angle of the rice transplanting component 10 be realized through the control of the telescopic cylinder, but also the rice transplanting depth control plate contacts the ridge surface and cooperates with the four-bar linkage mechanism, so that the profiling movement can be spontaneously carried out according to the undulation of the field surface, and the height of the rice transplanting component can be automatically adjusted to keep the insertion depth of the rice transplanting needles and the planting depth of the rice seedlings stable.

[0037] Preferably, a pin 22 is arranged on the four-bar linkage mechanism 9, and a slot 19 is arranged on the telescopic rod 23. When the included angle α between the four-bar linkage mechanism 9 and the telescopic rod 23 is ≥12°, the pin 22 disengages from the slot 19, and the telescopic rod 23 is unlocked. When the included angle α between the four-bar linkage mechanism 9 and the telescopic rod 23 is <12°, the pin 22 is inserted into the slot 19, and the telescopic rod 23 is locked, thereby ensuring that the rice transplanting component 10 will not move during non-working. A return spring 21 for resetting the pin 22 is installed between the pin 22 and the four-bar linkage mechanism 9.

[0038] Preferably, a guide cylinder 24 is installed on the four-bar linkage mechanism 9. The telescopic rod 23 passes through the guide cylinder 24 and is hinged to the four-bar linkage mechanism 9, and the pin 22 extends into the guide cylinder 24. The return spring 21 is installed between the guide cylinder 24 and the pin 22.

[0039] Preferably, the four-bar linkage mechanism 9 is a parallelogram mechanism to ensure that the rice transplanting component 10 can adjust the angle more smoothly.

[0040] Preferably, the telescopic cylinder 20 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder 20 is connected to a hydraulic pump (not shown in the figure) through a hydraulic oil pipeline 18. A hydraulic control lever 17 is installed on the hydraulic oil pipeline 18, and the movement of the telescopic cylinder 20 can be controlled through the hydraulic control lever 17.

[0041] Preferably, the transmission mechanism of the transplanter includes a small gear 14 installed on the power input shaft 3 in a nested manner, a large gear 15 meshing with the small gear 14, and a transmission shaft 25 connected to the rotating shaft of the large gear. The gear transmission ratio is 2:1, and the transmission shaft 25 is connected to the transplanting component 10 through a universal joint 16.

[0042] Preferably, the transplanting depth control plate 11 has the same width as the ridge surface 28, so as to make the control of the insertion depth of the seedling needles more stable.

[0043] Preferably, a weeding spring 26 is installed on the bottom surface of the transplanting depth control plate 11 to improve the weeding function.

[0044] As Figure 5 shown, during operation, the telescopic cylinder 20 retracts the telescopic rod 23. When the angle α between the four-bar linkage 9 and the telescopic rod 23 is greater than or equal to 12°, the pin 22 compresses the return spring 21 and exits the slot 19, and the telescopic rod 23 is unlocked. The transplanting component 10 changes with the height of the ridge compartment with the assistance of the transplanting depth control plate 11 (as Figure 8 ); conversely, when the angle α between the four-bar linkage 9 and the telescopic rod 23 is less than 12°, the pin 22 is inserted into the slot 19 under the action of the return spring 21, and the telescopic rod 23 is locked by the pin 22 (as Figure 7 ), ensuring that the transplanting component 10 does not move during non-operation.

[0045] During the operation of the present invention: The power is transmitted from the power output shaft of the tractor to the power input shaft 3 of the gearbox 13 through a universal joint to drive the rotary tiller blade 2 of the rotary tiller A to cut the soil. At the same time, the middle furrow plow 1, the side furrow plow 5 and the furrow opener 12 cooperate to achieve furrow opening and ridging, thereby realizing the rotary tillage of the field and the excavation of the furrow. At the same time, the power is transmitted from the small gear 14 on the power input shaft 3 of the gearbox 13 to the large gear 15, and the large gear 15 drives the transmission shaft 25 and then transmits it to the transplanting component 10 through the universal joint 16, so that the transplanting component 10 drives the seedling needles to move up and down and rotate, completing the transplanting operation. The operation effect is as Figure 6 .

[0046] Obviously, the present invention realizes the introduction of power to the transplanting component 10 by installing the small gear 14 on the power input shaft 3 of the gearbox 13. Compared with the common method of leading out a shaft from the gearbox 13 and driving it from one side of the rotary tiller through a belt or a gear, the volume occupied by the transplanting transmission mechanism is smaller.

[0047] To adapt to different arable land terrains and enable the transplanting component 10 to perform transplanting at a certain height and angle, the present invention designs a pair of four-bar linkages (preferably a parallelogram mechanism) between the rotary tiller frame and the transplanting component, and installs a telescopic cylinder between the rotary tiller frame and the four-bar linkage. The telescopic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic system, so that the working angle of the transplanting component 10 can be adjusted by the hydraulic system through the four-bar linkage. Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, the telescopic cylinder can be controlled by the hydraulic control lever 17 installed on the hydraulic oil pipeline 18, so as to adjust the height and angle of the transplanting component 10 in the field. At the same time, by designing a transplanting depth control plate 11 with the same width as the ridge surface and equipped with a weed-pressing spring under the transplanting component 10, during operation, the transplanting depth control plate 11 contacts the ridge surface 28 and cooperates with the four-bar linkage structure, so that the transplanter B can spontaneously perform a profiling movement according to the undulation of the field surface, automatically adjust the height of the transplanting component 10, and make the insertion depth of the seedlings stable.

[0048] In addition, the present invention proposes an agronomic technique for rice ridge cultivation, and the operation effect is as Figure 7 . Compared with the original rice paddy flooding planting technique, the rice planting technique of the present invention performs transplanting operations after rotary tilling, ditch digging, and ridging in the field, and rotary tilling, ditch digging, ridging, and transplanting are completed at one time. Not only does the rice grow on the ridges and does not require water to submerge the rice roots, so the oxygen content in the rice roots is increased, the seedling greening is promoted, and the harmful gases generated during the rice growth process are reduced to a certain extent, but also the present invention improves the water resource utilization efficiency and achieves the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0049] The above is only the specific implementation scheme of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above-disclosed technical content, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice field dry direct seeding rotary tillage, ridging and transplanting integrated operation equipment, comprising a rotary tiller, a rotary tiller blade, a furrow opener and a gearbox are installed at the front end of the frame of the rotary tiller, the power input shaft of the gearbox is used to connect to the power equipment, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the installation shaft of the rotary tiller blade, characterized in that: A rice transplanter is installed at the rear end of the frame of the rotary tiller, the power input shaft of the gearbox is simultaneously connected to one end of the rice transplanter transmission mechanism, the other end of the rice transplanter transmission mechanism is connected to a rice transplanting component through a universal joint, and a rice transplanting depth control plate is fixedly installed on the side of the rice transplanting component close to the rotary tiller; During transplanting, the transplanting depth control plate fits the ridge surface so that the insertion depth of the transplanting component remains constant.

2. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the frame of the rotary tiller is connected to the rice transplanting component via a four-bar linkage, and a telescopic cylinder is installed between the frame of the rotary tiller and the four-bar linkage, and the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the four-bar linkage.

3. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: A latch is arranged on the four-bar linkage mechanism, and a slot is arranged on the telescopic rod. When the included angle α between the four-bar linkage mechanism and the telescopic rod is ≥12°, the latch is disengaged from the slot and the telescopic rod is unlocked. When the included angle α between the four-bar linkage mechanism and the telescopic rod is <12°, the latch is inserted into the slot and the telescopic rod is locked.

4. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 3, characterized in that: A return spring for returning the latch to its original position is installed between the latch and the four-bar linkage.

5. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide cylinder is installed on the four-bar linkage mechanism, the telescopic rod passes through the guide cylinder and is hinged to the four-bar linkage mechanism, and the latch extends into the guide cylinder, and the return spring is installed between the guide cylinder and the latch.

6. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four-bar linkage is a parallelogram mechanism.

7. The integrated equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinder is a hydraulic cylinder.

8. The integrated equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice transplanter transmission mechanism comprises a small gear installed on the power input shaft, a large gear meshing with the small gear, and a transmission shaft connected with the large gear rotating shaft.

9. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridge forming and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transplanting depth control plate is the same width as the ridge surface.

10. The integrated operation equipment for direct seeding, rotary tillage, ridging and transplanting in rice fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grass pressing spring is installed on the bottom surface of the rice transplanting depth control plate.

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