Instrument switching mechanism and medical device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an instrument switching mechanism and a medical device, relating to the technical field of medical instruments. The instrument switching mechanism includes a first tube body and a second tube body. The first tube body is used for inserting a first treatment instrument, and the second tube body is used for inserting a second treatment instrument. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a driving component and an energy storage component. The energy storage component at least has an energy storage state and an energy release state. When the driving component is used to drive one of the first tube body and the second tube body to move proximally, the other of the first tube body and the second tube body remains fixed, and the energy storage component is in the energy storage state. When the energy storage component is in the energy release state, the other of the first tube body and the second tube body moves distally driven by the energy storage component, and at the same time, one of the first tube body and the second tube body remains fixed. For this instrument switching mechanism, when switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument, the moving displacements of the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument can be reduced, so that the instrument replacement time can be shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to an instrument switching mechanism and a medical device. Background Art

[0002] An endoscope is a commonly used medical device that can directly enter the human body for examination and provide doctors with sufficient diagnostic information. An endoscope usually includes: an insertion part for inserting into the human body, a handle for controlling the bending of the front end of the insertion part, and a display device for displaying the internal environment of the human body's natural cavity; the endoscope can realize the internal observation of the human body, the exploration of lesions, and the treatment of lesions through the cooperation of the above three parts.

[0003] After the insertion portion is inserted into the human body, a treatment instrument can be inserted into the endoscope to complete sampling or treatment of the lesion. For example, for a ureteroscope, in order to better remove stones, the ureteroscope needs to be used with multiple treatment instruments, and the treatment instruments need to be replaced during the operation.

[0004] In traditional endoscope systems, when replacing a treatment instrument, the first treatment instrument is usually pulled out from the instrument channel of the insertion part, and then the second treatment instrument is inserted into the instrument channel. This replacement method requires the first treatment instrument to be completely removed from the instrument channel, and then the second treatment instrument is inserted from the entrance of the instrument channel to the far end of the instrument channel. Not only are the steps cumbersome, but the replacement time is also long.

[0005] The related art provides an endoscope system, in which the instrument channel of the endoscope system includes a first cavity and a second cavity, and the first cavity and the second cavity share a third cavity at the distal end. Therefore, when replacing the treatment instrument, it is only necessary to return the first treatment instrument to the first cavity, and then directly insert the second treatment instrument from the distal end of the second cavity into the third cavity, which can reduce the replacement time of the treatment instrument.

[0006] However, when operating this endoscope system, doctors still need two steps: the first step is to retract the first treatment instrument, and the second step is to insert the second treatment instrument. The operation steps are cumbersome; and the doctor needs to operate two treatment instruments, which is not conducive to the convenience of operation. Therefore, providing an endoscope that is easy to operate is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention discloses an instrument switching mechanism and a medical device, so as to solve the technical problems in the related art that when an endoscope switches treatment instruments, the operation steps are complicated and the operation convenience is poor.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides an instrument switching mechanism.

[0010] The instrument switching mechanism of the present invention is used in an endoscope. The instrument switching mechanism includes a first tube body and a second tube body. The first tube body is used for inserting a first treatment instrument, and the second tube body is used for inserting a second treatment instrument. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a driving component and an energy storage component. The energy storage component at least has an energy storage state and an energy release state. When the driving component is used to drive one of the first tube body and the second tube body to move proximally, the other of the first tube body and the second tube body remains fixed, and the energy storage component is in the energy storage state. When the energy storage component is in the energy release state, the other of the first tube body and the second tube body is driven by the energy storage component to move distally, and at the same time, one of the first tube body and the second tube body remains fixed.

[0011] The second aspect of the present invention provides a medical device.

[0012] The medical device of the present invention includes an instrument switching mechanism and an endoscope. The instrument switching mechanism is the instrument switching mechanism described in any one of the technical solutions of the present invention. The instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope are of an integral structure, or the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope are detachably connected.

[0013] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0014] For the instrument switching mechanism of the present invention, by operating the driving component, one of the first tube body and the second tube body can be driven to move proximally, so that the corresponding first treatment instrument or the second treatment instrument can be retracted into the instrument channel, and the other treatment instrument remains fixed. At the same time, the energy storage component is in the energy storage state. After the energy storage component stores energy, the energy released by the energy storage component can be used to drive the other of the first tube body and the second tube body to move distally, so that the corresponding first treatment instrument or the second treatment instrument can extend out of the common channel, and at the same time, the treatment instrument retracted into the instrument channel remains fixed.

[0015] It can be seen that for the instrument switching mechanism of the present invention, when switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument, only the driving component needs to be operated. Compared with the existing switching methods, the operation steps are simplified, the operation efficiency can be improved, and the operation duration can be reduced. In addition, the doctor only needs to operate the driving component, and the doctor does not need to operate the two treatment instruments, which has the advantage of operation convenience and can also improve the doctor's operation experience.

[0016] On the other hand, in the instrument switching mechanism of the present invention, when switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument, first, one of them is retracted into the instrument channel, and the energy storage component is energized during the retraction process of the treatment instrument; then, the energy stored in the energy storage component is used to drive the other to extend. In this way, the first treatment instrument or the second treatment instrument only needs to be retracted to the distal end of the first instrument channel or the distal end of the second instrument channel, which can reduce the moving displacement of the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument, thereby further shortening the instrument replacement time; in addition, the method of using the energy stored in the energy storage component to drive the first treatment instrument or the second treatment instrument to extend has the advantage of fast extension speed and can further shorten the instrument replacement time. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an instrument channel in the related art;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram after switching between the first treatment instrument and the second treatment instrument in the related art;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the medical device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the medical device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a first partial schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a second partial schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 is a third partial schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 is a fourth partial schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 10 is a fifth partial schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 11 is the sixth partial schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism of the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 12 is Figure 11 an enlarged view of part A in

[0030] Figure 13 is the first schematic diagram of the gear of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 14 is the second schematic diagram of the gear of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the locking member of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism of the embodiment of the present application in the first state;

[0034] Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism of the embodiment of the present application in the second state;

[0035] Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the instrument switching mechanism of the embodiment of the present application in the third state.

[0036] In the figure: 110, the first tube body; 111, the first sliding section; 112, the first fixed section; 113, the first elastic tube; 1141, the first socket part; 1142, the first locking cap; 120, the second tube body; 121, the second sliding section; 122, the second fixed section; 123, the second elastic tube; 1241, the second socket part; 1242, the second locking cap; 130, the driving component; 131, the gear; 1311, the first convex tooth; 1312, the second convex tooth; 1313, the first avoiding part; 1314, the second avoiding part; 132, the first rack part; 1321, the first limiting groove; 133, the second rack part; 1331, the second limiting groove; 134, the force applying member; 135, the fixed shaft; 140, the energy storage component; 141, the fixed wheel; 142, the elastic rope; 150, the locking component; 151, the locking part; 1511, the first limiting block; 1512, the second limiting block; 152, the torsion spring; 160, the housing; 161, the buckle; 210, the first treatment instrument; 220, the second treatment instrument; 300, the endoscope; 310, the handle; 320, the insertion part; 321, the first instrument channel; 322, the second instrument channel; 323, the common channel. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0038] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same category, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the relative positions of the components to the user in the usage environment. Among them, the end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0040] In the endoscopic system in the related art, the instrument channel includes a first instrument channel 321 and a second instrument channel 322. The first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322 are both connected to a common channel 323 at the distal end, as Figure 1 shown. When replacing the treatment instrument, only need to retract the first treatment instrument 210 into the first instrument channel 321, then directly insert the second treatment instrument 220 from the distal end of the second instrument channel 322 into the common channel 323, and then extend it from the common channel 323. However, in this kind of endoscopic system, when the doctor operates, two steps are still required: the first step is the operation of retracting the first treatment instrument 210, and the second step is the operation of inserting the second treatment instrument 220. The operation steps are cumbersome; moreover, the doctor still needs to operate two treatment instruments, which is not conducive to the convenience of operation.

[0041] For this reason, in the related art of the applicant, an instrument switching mechanism is provided. The instrument switching mechanism includes a force-applying member. Through the action of the force-applying member, the operations of retracting the first treatment instrument 210 and inserting the second treatment instrument 220 can be achieved simultaneously. It can not only reduce the instrument replacement time, but also simplify the operation steps of instrument replacement. For the doctor, only the force-applying member needs to be operated, which improves the convenience of operation and can improve the doctor's operation experience.

[0042] However, the inventors found in their research that in order to reduce the radial size of the distal end of the insertion portion, the size of the common channel 323 is small, making it difficult to accommodate both the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 at the same time. Therefore, when switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, at least the first treatment instrument 210 needs to be retracted into the first instrument channel 321 before the second treatment instrument 220 can extend from the second instrument channel 322. When the second treatment instrument 220 continues to move distally within the common channel 323, the first treatment instrument 210 continues to move proximally within the first instrument channel 321. In this way, when switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 need to move at least twice the length of the common channel 323 before the second treatment instrument 220 can reach the distal end of the insertion portion. Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows the first treatment instrument 210 within the instrument channel when the second treatment instrument 220 just moves to the distal end of the instrument channel.

[0043] Therefore, the present application provides an instrument switching mechanism. When switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, this instrument switching mechanism can reduce the moving displacement of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, thereby further shortening the instrument replacement time.

[0044] The following combines the attached Figures 1 to 18 drawings to detail the instrument switching mechanism and the medical device provided by the present application through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0045] The first aspect of this embodiment details the instrument switching mechanism.

[0046] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment is used in the endoscope 300. The endoscope 300 includes a handle 310 and an insertion portion 320, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. The handle 310 is provided with an operating member for the doctor to operate, and the operating member is, for example, a toggle member for controlling the bending of the distal end of the insertion portion 320. The insertion portion 320 is used to be inserted into the cavity. The distal end of the insertion portion 320 has an active bending section, and structures such as a camera module are provided on the distal end face of the active bending section. An instrument channel is also provided within the insertion portion 320.

[0047] Exemplarily, the insertion portion 320 is provided with independent first and second instrument channels 321 and 322. The first treatment instrument 210 can extend through the first instrument channel 321; the second treatment instrument 220 can extend through the second instrument channel 322.

[0048] Exemplarily, a first instrument channel 321 and a second instrument channel 322 are provided in the insertion portion 320. In the distal region of the insertion portion 320, both the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322 communicate with a common channel 323, as Figure 1 or Figure 2 shown. The first treatment instrument 210 can extend out through the first instrument channel 321 and the common channel 323; when the first treatment instrument 210 is retracted into the first instrument channel 321, the second treatment instrument 220 can extend out through the second instrument channel 322 and the common channel 323.

[0049] Exemplarily, the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 can be selected from biopsy forceps, puncture devices, soft tissue clips, stone extraction baskets, double-J tubes, etc.

[0050] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment includes a first tube body 110 and a second tube body 120, as Figure 5 shown. The first tube body 110 is used for inserting the first treatment instrument 210, and the second tube body 120 is used for inserting the second treatment instrument 220. Exemplarily, the first tube body 110 can communicate with the first instrument channel 321, and the second tube body 120 can communicate with the second instrument channel 322. Alternatively, the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 are respectively formed by the proximal extension of the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322, that is, the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 are respectively an integral structure with the first instrument channel 321 and the second instrument channel 322.

[0051] Exemplarily, the first treatment instrument 210 is fixedly connected to the first tube body 110, so that the first treatment instrument 210 can be driven to move by the movement of the first tube body 110. The second treatment instrument 220 is fixedly connected to the second tube body 120, so that the second treatment instrument 220 can be driven to move by the movement of the second tube body 120, as Figures 2 to 11 shown. An embodiment of the fixed connection structure between the first treatment instrument 210 and the first tube body 110 and the fixed connection structure between the second treatment instrument 220 and the second tube body 120 are shown in detail later.

[0052] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment further includes a driving component 130, as Figure 6 shown. The driving component 130 is used to drive the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 to move, so that the first treatment instrument 210 or the second treatment instrument 220 can be driven to move by the movement of the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120. Exemplarily, the movement of the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 can be a proximal movement or a distal movement.

[0053] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment further includes an energy storage component 140, as Figure 8As shown. The energy storage component 140 refers to a structure that can store energy. Structures that can store energy include, for example, springs, elastic ropes, torsion springs, etc. Taking a spring as an example, by stretching or compressing the spring, the spring deforms, so that the spring can store elastic potential energy.

[0054] In the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, the energy storage component 140 has at least an energy storage state and an energy release state. Preferably, when the driving component 130 is used to drive one of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 to move proximally, the other of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 remains fixed, and the energy storage component 140 is in the energy storage state. When the energy storage component 140 is in the energy release state, the other of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 moves distally under the drive of the energy storage component 140, while one of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 remains fixed.

[0055] Exemplarily, when it is necessary to retract the first treatment instrument 210, when the driving component 130 drives the first tube body 110 to move proximally, at this time the second tube body 120 remains fixed, and the energy storage component 140 deforms and is in the energy storage state. When the first treatment instrument 210 retracts to the distal end of the first instrument channel 321, the energy storage component 140 has stored a certain amount of energy. At this time, the energy storage component 140 recovers its deformation and releases energy. During the process of the energy storage component 140 releasing energy, it can drive the second tube body 120 to move distally, while the first tube body 110 remains fixed. Driven by the energy storage component 140, the second treatment instrument 220 can move along with the second tube body 120 and enter the body.

[0056] In the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, only the driving component 130 needs to be operated. Compared with the existing switching methods, the operation steps are simplified, the operation efficiency can be improved, and the operation duration can be reduced; in addition, the doctor only operates on the driving component 130, and the doctor does not need to operate on the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 respectively, which has the advantage of convenient operation and can also improve the doctor's operation experience.

[0057] On the other hand, for the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when switching between the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, first, one of them is retracted into the instrument channel, and the energy storage component 140 is energized during the retraction process of the treatment instrument; then, the energy stored in the energy storage component 140 is used to drive the other to extend. In this way, the first treatment instrument 210 or the second treatment instrument 220 only needs to be retracted to the distal end of the first instrument channel 321 or the distal end of the second instrument channel 322, which can reduce the moving displacement of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, thereby further shortening the instrument replacement time; in addition, the method of using the energy stored in the energy storage component 140 to drive the first treatment instrument 210 or the second treatment instrument 220 to extend has the advantage of fast extension speed and can further shorten the instrument replacement time.

[0058] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism further includes a locking component 150, as Figure 8 shown. The locking component 150 has at least a first state and a second state. When the locking component 150 is in the first state, the locking component 150 is separated from the first tube body 110 and fixedly connected to the second tube body 120. At this time, the first tube body 110 can move, while the second tube body 120 cannot move. When the locking component 150 is in the second state, the locking component 150 is fixedly connected to the first tube body 110 and separated from the second tube body 120. At this time, the first tube body 110 cannot move, while the second tube body 120 can move.

[0059] For the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when the energy storage component 140 is in the energy storage state or the energy release state, the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 can be fixed through the locking component 150. Thus, when the energy storage component 140 is in the energy storage state or the energy release state, only the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 moves.

[0060] In some embodiments, the driving component 130 includes a first rack portion 132 and a second rack portion 133, as Figure 6 shown. The first rack portion 132 is fixedly connected to the first tube body 110, and the second rack portion 133 is fixedly connected to the second tube body 120. The driving component 130 further includes a gear 131, as Figure 6 shown. The first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133 have racks that mesh with the gear 131. When the rack on the gear 131 meshes with the rack on the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133, by rotating the gear 131, the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133 can be driven to move, so that the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 moves.

[0061] Preferably, when the gear 131 remains engaged with the first rack portion 132, the gear 131 remains disengaged from the second rack portion 133; or when the gear 131 remains engaged with the second rack portion 133, the gear 131 remains disengaged from the first rack portion 132; so that when the gear 131 rotates, it can only drive the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133 to move, so that only one of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 moves.

[0062] Exemplarily, an avoidance portion is provided on the gear 131. When the avoidance portion is located at the first rack portion 132, the gear 131 remains disengaged from the first rack portion 132; when the avoidance portion is located at the second rack portion 133, the gear 131 remains disengaged from the second rack portion 133.

[0063] Exemplarily, the avoidance portion may also be located on the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133. When the avoidance portion on the first rack portion 132 is located at the gear 131, the gear 131 remains disengaged from the first rack portion 132; when the avoidance portion on the second rack portion 133 is located at the gear 131, the gear 131 remains disengaged from the second rack portion 133.

[0064] Not limited thereto, avoidance portions may also be provided on the gear 131, the first rack portion 132, and the second rack portion 133.

[0065] The avoidance portion described in this embodiment may also be referred to as a defective portion or a recessed portion. Through this avoidance portion, the rack on the gear 131 can be prevented from engaging with the rack on the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133, so as to achieve the separation of the gear 131 from the first rack portion 132, or the separation of the gear 131 from the second rack portion 133.

[0066] In some embodiments, the gear 131 has a first convex tooth 1311 and a second convex tooth 1312, and the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 are respectively used for engaging with the last rack on the first rack portion 132 and the last rack on the second rack portion 133, as Figure 14 shown. Exemplarily, during the retraction of the first treatment instrument 210, the gear 131 is rotated, and by engaging the first convex tooth 1311 with the last rack on the first rack portion 132, the continued movement of the first rack portion 132 can be restricted. Conversely, during the retraction of the second treatment instrument 220, the gear 131 is rotated, and by engaging the second convex tooth 1312 with the last rack on the second rack portion 133, the continued movement of the second rack portion 133 can be restricted. Figure 10 Shows a schematic diagram of the second convex tooth 1312 engaging with the last rack on the second rack portion 133.

[0067] The last rack described in this embodiment refers to the rack at the farthest end of the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133. AsFigure 8 As shown, no rack is provided at the distal ends of the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133. The rack that is at the minimum distance from the section where no rack is provided on the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133 is the last rack.

[0068] Exemplarily, the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 are located at different heights on the gear 131, and / or the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133 are located at different heights, so as to avoid interference between the first convex tooth 1311 and the second rack portion 133, and also avoid interference between the second convex tooth 1312 and the first rack portion 132.

[0069] In the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, by engaging the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 with the last rack on the first rack portion 132 and the last rack on the second rack portion 133, a limiting effect can be achieved. On the other hand, when the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 are engaged with the last rack on the first rack portion 132 and the last rack on the second rack portion 133, when the gear 131 is rotated, the gear 131 can be made to mesh only with the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133, that is, the gear 131 only drives the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 to move.

[0070] Preferably, the engagement depth of the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 with the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133 is greater than the engagement depth of the rack on the gear 131 with the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133. In this way, the stability of the engagement between the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 and the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133 can be enhanced. As Figure 14 shown, the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 protrude from the outer edge of the rack on the gear 131, which can increase the engagement depth of the first convex tooth 1311 and the second convex tooth 1312 with the gear 131.

[0071] In some embodiments, a first avoidance portion 1313 and a second avoidance portion 1314 are further formed on the gear 131, as Figure 13 shown. The first avoidance portion 1313 is used to avoid the rack on the first rack portion 132, so that a gap is reserved between the gear 131 and the first rack portion 132; the second avoidance portion 1314 is used to avoid the rack on the second rack portion 133, so that a gap is reserved between the gear 131 and the second rack portion 133.

[0072] Exemplarily, when the first convex tooth 1311 is engaged with the first rack portion 132, the second avoidance portion 1314 is located at the second rack portion 133, and a gap is reserved between the gear 131 and the second rack portion 133. When the second convex tooth 1312 is engaged with the second rack portion 133, the first avoidance portion 1313 is located at the first rack portion 132, and a gap is reserved between the gear 131 and the first rack portion 132, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown.

[0073] As Figure 13 shown, the first avoidance portion 1313 and the second avoidance portion 1314 are located at different heights on the gear 131, so that the first avoidance portion 1313 only avoids the rack on the first rack portion 132, and the second avoidance portion 1314 only avoids the rack on the second rack portion 133.

[0074] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, when the second convex tooth 1312 is engaged with the second rack portion 133, the first avoidance portion 1313 is located at the first rack portion 132, and a gap is reserved between the gear 131 and the first rack portion 132. At this time, when the gear 131 is rotated clockwise, the rack on the gear 131 can be engaged with the rack on the first rack portion 132. Since no rack is provided at the distal end of the second rack portion 133, the second rack portion 133 will not be driven to move during the clockwise rotation of the gear 131. When the gear 131 rotates to the position where the first convex tooth 1311 is engaged with the last rack on the first rack portion 132, the continued proximal movement of the first rack portion 132 can be restricted, and at the same time, the second avoidance portion 1314 is located at the second rack portion 133.

[0075] Conversely, when the gear 131 is rotated counterclockwise, the first rack portion 132 can also be fixed, and the second rack portion 133 moves under the drive of the gear 131.

[0076] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism further includes a housing 160, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown. The housing 160 is used to provide an installation space for the first tube body 110, the second tube body 120, the drive assembly 130, the energy storage assembly 140, and the locking assembly 150. To facilitate the installation of the first tube body 110, the second tube body 120, the drive assembly 130, the energy storage assembly 140, and the locking assembly 150, the housing 160 includes a detachable upper housing and a lower housing. Exemplarily, when the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 are of a split structure, the housing 160 is an additional housing, as Figures 3 to 6As shown. An additional housing 160 is provided to accommodate the drive assembly 130, the energy storage assembly 140, and the locking assembly 150, which can avoid occupying the internal space of the handle 310 or the problem that the handle 310 is too large in size and not convenient for the doctor to hold and operate. Exemplarily, the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 can also be an integral structure. In this case, the housing 160 can be the housing of the handle 310 of the endoscope 300.

[0077] In some embodiments, a buckle 161 is further provided on the housing 160, as Figure 3 shown. The buckle 161 is used to clamp and fix the operating parts of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, avoiding the problem that it is difficult to collect and fix the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220 when not in use.

[0078] In some embodiments, the drive assembly 130 further includes a force applying member 134 and a fixed shaft 135, as Figure 6 shown. The force applying member 134 is fixed to one end of the fixed shaft 135, and the force applying member 134 is located outside the housing 160. The other end of the fixed shaft 135 is fixedly connected to the gear 131. The force applying member 134 being located outside the housing 160 facilitates the operator to apply force to the force applying member 134, and then drive the gear 131 to rotate through the fixed shaft 135.

[0079] In some embodiments, the energy storage assembly 140 includes a fixed wheel 141 and an elastic rope 142, as Figure 8 shown. The fixed wheel 141 is fixedly connected to the housing 160. The elastic rope 142 is sleeved on the fixed wheel 141, and both ends of the elastic rope 142 are fixedly connected to the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120 respectively. Exemplarily, both ends of the elastic rope 142 are fixedly connected to the first rack portion 132 and the second rack portion 133 respectively, so that the movement of the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133 can drive the end of the elastic rope 142 to move. Exemplarily, when the first rack portion 132 or the second rack portion 133 moves proximally, the elastic rope 142 is in a stretched state and stores elastic potential energy.

[0080] Continuing to refer to Figure 8 shown, when the gear 131 is rotated clockwise, the first rack portion 132 moves proximally, while the second rack portion 133 remains fixed. Thus, the end of the elastic rope 142 connected to the first rack portion 132 can move proximally, and the end of the elastic rope 142 connected to the second rack portion 133 remains fixed. Further, the elastic rope 142 is in a stretched state, and the elastic rope 142 stores elastic potential energy.

[0081] In some embodiments, the locking assembly 150 includes a locking portion 151, as Figure 8As shown. First and second limiting portions are respectively provided at two ends of the locking portion 151. When one of the first and second limiting portions is clamped and locked with one of the first pipe body 110 and the second pipe body 120, the other of the first and second limiting portions is separated from the other of the first pipe body 110 and the second pipe body 120. Exemplarily, when the first limiting portion is clamped and locked with the first pipe body 110, the second limiting portion is separated from the second pipe body 120; when the first limiting portion is separated from the first pipe body 110, the second limiting portion is clamped and locked with the second pipe body 120.

[0082] In some embodiments, the locking assembly 150 further includes a torsion spring 152, as Figure 8 shown. The torsion spring 152 is installed on the locking portion 151, and the torsion spring 152 is used to switch the locking states of the first and second limiting portions with the first pipe body 110 and the second pipe body 120.

[0083] Preferably, the first limiting portion includes a first limiting block 1511 and a first limiting groove 1321. The first limiting block 1511 is provided on one of the locking portion 151 and the first rack portion 132, and the first limiting groove 1321 is provided on the other of the locking portion 151 and the first rack portion 132, as Figure 8 and Figure 15 shown. By the clamping of the first limiting block 1511 and the first limiting groove 1321, the locking of the first rack portion 132 can be achieved.

[0084] Preferably, the second limiting portion includes a second limiting block 1512 and a second limiting groove 1331. The second limiting block 1512 is provided on one of the locking portion 151 and the second rack portion 133, and the second limiting groove 1331 is provided on the other of the locking portion 151 and the second rack portion 133, as Figure 9 and Figure 15 shown. By the clamping of the second limiting block 1512 and the second limiting groove 1331, the locking of the second rack portion 133 can be achieved.

[0085] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, a plurality of first limiting grooves 1321 are provided on the upper surface of the first rack portion 132, and a first limiting block 1511 is provided at one end of the locking portion 151; a plurality of second limiting grooves 1331 are provided on the lower surface of the second rack portion 133, and a second limiting block 1512 is provided at the other end of the locking portion 151. The first limiting grooves 1321 and the second limiting grooves 1331 are of an inclined structure, and the first limiting block 1511 and the second limiting block 1512 are structures matching the first limiting grooves 1321 and the second limiting grooves 1331.

[0086] Continue to refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, at this time, the first limiting block 1511 is separated from the first limiting groove 1321, and the second limiting block 1512 is clamped in the second limiting groove 1331. When the gear 131 is rotated clockwise, the first rack portion 132 moves toward the proximal end, and at the same time, the second rack portion 133 remains fixed until the first limiting block 1511 contacts the first limiting groove 1321 at the proximal end. During this process, the elastic rope 142 is in a stretched state, and the elastic rope 142 stores elastic potential energy. When the first limiting block 1511 contacts the first limiting groove 1321 at the proximal end, since the first limiting block 1511 has an inclined surface structure, it drives the end of the locking portion 151 provided with the first limiting block 1511 to lift upward. At the same time, under the action of the torsion spring 152, the end of the locking portion 151 provided with the second limiting block 1512 moves downward (similar to a seesaw). Continuing to rotate the force-applying member 134 can cause the first limiting block 1511 to be clamped with the second first limiting groove 1321 or the first limiting groove 1321 at the distal end. At the moment when the second limiting block 1512 moves downward, the second limiting block 1512 is instantly disengaged from the second limiting groove 1331, and at the same time, the elastic rope 142 releases the elastic potential energy and drives the second rack portion 133 to move toward the distal end, and the first rack portion 132 remains fixed.

[0087] For the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when the energy storage component 140 is in the energy storage state or the energy release state, the first tube body 110 can be fixed through the first limiting portion, or the second tube body 120 can be fixed through the second limiting portion. Thus, when the energy storage component 140 is in the energy storage state or the energy release state, only the first tube body 110 or the second tube body 120 moves.

[0088] Figures 16 to 18 The principle schematic diagrams showing the instrument switching mechanism in different states are Figures 16 to 18 The locking component 150 is not shown.

[0089] As Figure 16 shown, at this time, the first treatment instrument 210 is inserted into the cavity, the second convex tooth 1312 is clamped with the last rack on the second rack portion 133, the elastic rope 142 is in a natural state, and the first avoiding portion 1313 is located at the first rack portion 132; the locking component 150 is separated from the first rack portion 132, and the locking component 150 is locked and connected to the second rack portion 133. When it is necessary to retract the first treatment instrument 210, the gear 131 is rotated counterclockwise. The rack on the gear 131 meshes with the rack on the first rack portion 132, and the first rack portion 132 is driven by the gear 131 to move toward the proximal end, and at the same time, the gear 131 remains separated from the second rack portion 133.

[0090] As Figure 17As shown, when the first treatment instrument 210 is retracted to the distal end of the first instrument channel 321, the first convex tooth 1311 engages with the last rack tooth on the first rack portion 132, the elastic cord 142 is in a stretched state, and the second avoidance portion 1314 is located at the second rack portion 133; at the same time, the locking assembly 150 is locked to the first rack portion 132, and the locking assembly 150 is separated from the second rack portion 133.

[0091] At the moment when the locking assembly 150 is separated from the second rack portion 133, the second rack portion 133 moves distally under the drive of the elastic cord 142, so that the second treatment instrument 220 can be inserted into the cavity, while the first rack portion 132 remains fixed, as Figure 18 shown.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first tube body 110 includes a first sliding section 111 and a first fixed section 112, as Figure 7 shown. The first sliding section 111 is located at the proximal end of the first fixed section 112. The first sliding section 111 is fixedly connected to the first rack portion 132, the first fixed section 112 is slidably connected to the first rack portion 132, and the first treatment instrument 210 is fixedly connected to the first sliding section 111. Exemplarily, the first rack portion 132 has a through channel in its axial direction, the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 are installed in this channel, and the diameter of the part of the channel for installing the first sliding section 111 is smaller, so that the first sliding section 111 and the channel are in interference fit; the diameter of the part of the channel for installing the first fixed section 112 is larger, so that the first fixed section 112 and the channel are in sliding fit.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second tube body 120 includes a second sliding section 121 and a second fixed section 122, as Figure 7 shown. The second sliding section 121 is located at the proximal end of the second fixed section 122. The second sliding section 121 is fixedly connected to the second rack portion 133, the second fixed section 122 is slidably connected to the second rack portion 133, and the second treatment instrument 220 is fixedly connected to the second sliding section 121. The fixing manner of the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 can be the same as that of the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112, and will not be elaborated here.

[0094] For the instrument switching structure of this embodiment, when the gear 131 rotates, only the first sliding section 111 and the second sliding section 121 located at the proximal end need to be driven to move to complete the switching of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, which can improve the smoothness of instrument switching and avoid being blocked by the internal structure of the handle 310 of the endoscope 300 and / or affected by the complexity of the movement path during the overall sliding of the first tube body 110 and the second tube body 120.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first sliding section 111 and the first fixed section 112 are connected by a first elastic tube 113, and the second sliding section 121 and the second fixed section 122 are connected by a second elastic tube 123, as Figure 7 shown. Exemplarily, the first elastic tube 113 and the second elastic tube 123 are bellows or coil tubes.

[0096] For the instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment, when a force is applied to the force application member 134, the force applied by the force application member 134 can be partially absorbed by the first elastic tube 113 and the second elastic tube 123; when the first elastic tube 113 and the second elastic tube 123 are compressed to the extreme, they can be regarded as rigid tubes, which are not prone to bending or can avoid excessive force applied by the force application member 134, causing the problem that the distal end of the first sliding section 111 and the proximal end of the first fixed section 112 are nested with each other, or the distal end of the second sliding section 121 and the proximal end of the second fixed section 122 are nested with each other.

[0097] In some embodiments, a first fixing assembly is provided at the proximal end of the first sliding section 111. The first fixing assembly is sleeved outside the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210, and axially fixedly connects the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210, so that the axial movement of the first sliding section 111 can drive the axial movement of the first treatment instrument 210. Exemplarily, the first fixing assembly includes a first sleeved portion 1141 and a first locking cap 1142, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown. The first sleeved portion 1141 is sleeved outside the first sliding section 111 and the first treatment instrument 210, and the first locking cap 1142 is sleeved outside the first sleeved portion 1141 and fixedly connected to the first sleeved portion 1141.

[0098] In some embodiments, a second fixing assembly is provided at the proximal end of the second sliding section 121. The second fixing assembly is sleeved outside the second sliding section 121 and the second treatment instrument 220, and axially fixedly connects the second sliding section 121 and the second treatment instrument 220, so that the axial movement of the second sliding section 121 can drive the axial movement of the second treatment instrument 220. Exemplarily, the second fixing assembly includes a second sleeved portion 1241 and a second locking cap 1242, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown. The second sleeved portion 1241 is sleeved outside the second sliding section 121 and the second treatment instrument 220, and the second locking cap 1242 is sleeved outside the second sleeved portion 1241 and fixedly connected to the second sleeved portion 1241.

[0099] The instrument switching mechanism of this embodiment is provided with a first fixing assembly and a second fixing assembly, which can facilitate the replacement of the types of the first treatment instrument 210 and / or the second treatment instrument 220 based on surgical needs.

[0100] The second aspect of this embodiment details the medical device.

[0101] The medical device of this embodiment includes an instrument switching mechanism and an endoscope 300, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. The instrument switching mechanism is the instrument switching mechanism of any one of the technical solutions in the first aspect of this embodiment. The structure of the endoscope 300 may be the same as that of the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0102] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 are of an integral structure. For this kind of structure, the force-applying member 134 can be arranged on the housing of the handle 310. The integral structure of the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 can make the structural layout of the medical device compact and facilitate the operation of the doctor.

[0103] In some embodiments, the instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope 300 are detachably connected, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. This kind of structure can facilitate the replacement of the types of the first treatment instrument 210 and / or the second treatment instrument 220; it can also make the layout inside the handle 310 of the endoscope 300 unaffected.

[0104] The medical device of this embodiment has the instrument switching mechanism of any one of the technical solutions in the first aspect of this embodiment. When the medical device switches between two treatment instruments, it can simplify the operation steps, improve the operation efficiency and reduce the operation duration, and can also improve the doctor's operation experience; on the other hand, when switching between two treatment instruments, the medical device of this embodiment can also reduce the moving displacement of the first treatment instrument 210 and the second treatment instrument 220, thereby further shortening the instrument replacement time.

[0105] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including that element.

[0106] In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0107] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An instrument switching mechanism for use in an endoscope, characterized in that, The instrument switching mechanism includes a first tube body (110) and a second tube body (120). The first tube body (110) is for inserting a first treatment instrument (210), and the second tube body (120) is for inserting a second treatment instrument (220). The instrument switching mechanism further includes a driving component (130) and an energy storage component (140). The energy storage component (140) has at least an energy storage state and an energy release state. When the driving component (130) is used to drive one of the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120) to move proximally, the other of the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120) remains fixed, and the energy storage component (140) is in the energy storage state. When the energy storage component (140) is in the energy release state, the other of the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120) moves distally driven by the energy storage component (140), while one of the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120) remains fixed. The instrument switching mechanism further includes a locking component (150) and a housing (160). The locking component (150) has at least a first state and a second state. When the locking component (150) is in the first state, the locking component (150) is separated from the first tube body (110) and is fixedly connected to the second tube body (120). When the locking component (150) is in the second state, the locking component (150) is fixedly connected to the first tube body (110) and is separated from the second tube body (120). The energy storage component (140) includes a fixed wheel (141) and an elastic rope (142). The fixed wheel (141) is fixedly connected to the housing (160). The elastic rope (142) is sleeved on the fixed wheel (141), and both ends of the elastic rope (142) are fixedly connected to the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120) respectively.

2. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein The driving component (130) includes a gear (131), a first rack part (132) and a second rack part (133). The first rack part (132) is fixedly connected to the first tube body (110), and the second rack part (133) is fixedly connected to the second tube body (120). The gear (131) meshes with one of the first rack part (132) and the second rack part (133), and at the same time, the gear (131) is separated from the other of the first rack part (132) and the second rack part (133).

3. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The gear (131) has a first convex tooth (1311) and a second convex tooth (1312). The first convex tooth (1311) and the second convex tooth (1312) are respectively used for engaging with the last rack teeth on the first rack part (132) and the last rack teeth on the second rack part (133). Moreover, the engagement depths of the first convex teeth (1311) and the second convex teeth (1312) with the first rack portion (132) and the second rack portion (133) are greater than the engagement depths of the rack on the gear (131) with the first rack portion (132) and the second rack portion (133).

4. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 3, wherein, A first avoidance portion (1313) and a second avoidance portion (1314) are further formed on the gear (131). When the first convex teeth (1311) are engaged with the first rack portion (132), the second avoidance portion (1314) is located at the second rack portion (133), and a gap is reserved between the gear (131) and the second rack portion (133). Alternatively, when the second convex teeth (1312) are engaged with the second rack portion (133), the first avoidance portion (1313) is located at the first rack portion (132), and a gap is reserved between the gear (131) and the first rack portion (132).

5. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 2, wherein The housing (160) is configured to provide an installation space for the first tube body (110), the second tube body (120), the drive assembly (130), the energy storage assembly (140), and the locking assembly (150). The drive assembly (130) further includes a force applying member (134) and a fixed shaft (135). The force applying member (134) is fixed to one end of the fixed shaft (135), and the force applying member (134) is located outside the housing (160). The other end of the fixed shaft (135) is fixedly connected to the gear (131).

6. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 2, wherein The locking assembly (150) includes a locking portion (151). First and second limiting portions are respectively provided at two ends of the locking portion (151). When one of the first and second limiting portions is engaged and locked with one of the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120), the other of the first and second limiting portions is separated from the other of the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120). The locking assembly (150) further includes a torsion spring (152). The torsion spring (152) is mounted on the locking portion (151), and the torsion spring (152) is configured to switch the locking states of the first and second limiting portions with the first tube body (110) and the second tube body (120).

7. The instrument switching mechanism according to claim 6, wherein The first limiting portion includes a first limiting block (1511) and a first limiting groove (1321). The first limiting block (1511) is provided on one of the locking portion (151) and the first rack portion (132), and the first limiting groove (1321) is provided on the other of the locking portion (151) and the first rack portion (132). The second limiting portion includes a second limiting block (1512) and a second limiting groove (1331). The second limiting block (1512) is provided on one of the locking portion (151) and the second rack portion (133), and the second limiting groove (1331) is provided on the other of the locking portion (151) and the second rack portion (133).

8. A medical device, characterized in that, It includes an instrument switching mechanism and an endoscope (300). The instrument switching mechanism is the instrument switching mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The instrument switching mechanism and the endoscope (300) are of an integral structure, or the instrument switching mechanism is detachably connected to the endoscope (300).

Images