Composite mycotoxin adsorbent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a composite mycotoxin adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite mycotoxin adsorbent is prepared by mixing liquorice stem fibers and cacumen biotae fibers according to the mass ratio of (1-16): (1-5). According to different characteristics of the liquorice stems and the cedar leaves, after the liquorice stems and the cedar leaves are respectively treated by acid / alkali at a certain temperature, cell walls are destroyed, fiber skeletons are exposed, then pressure is rapidly released, the fiber structure is improved and the surface area of an adsorption space is increased under an extremely high pressure condition in combination with a gas explosion technology, finally, the improved fiber structure is obtained, and the toxin adsorption effect of the modified fiber structure is greatly improved. The composite adsorbent disclosed by the invention is safe, free from toxic and side effects, free from drug residues after being used, sufficient in market supply of raw material sources of the composition and low in price, and has good market application and popularization values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a composite mycotoxin adsorbent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The growth of molds and the contamination of mycotoxins have always been stubborn problems that plague the healthy development of the feed industry. The research on methods for preventing and removing molds has once become a hot topic in the industry. Methods such as chemical treatment, physical adsorption, and biodegradation have been successively applied to feed mold prevention and removal, each having its own advantages and disadvantages.

[0003] For chemical treatment, for example, treating feed with alkali can relatively completely remove the toxicity of moldy feed, but it is very easy to destroy the nutrition of the feed and reduce the nutritional function of the feed. The use of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, fumaric acid, etc. and their salts as mold inhibitors in feed can, to a certain extent, slow down the occurrence of feed mildew, but cannot completely prevent the growth of mycotoxins and cannot remove the existing mycotoxins in the feed. The key is that when organic acids and their salts are used as mold inhibitors, a relatively large dose needs to be added to exert an effect, and the relatively large dose increases the cost of the feed and reduces the palatability of the feed.

[0004] In recent years, the method of removing molds and toxins by physical adsorption has been very commonly used. Adsorbents mainly composed of aluminosilicate minerals such as montmorillonite and bentonite have a certain effect on the adsorption of mycotoxins. In particular, high-quality montmorillonite modified can effectively remove aflatoxin B1 in feed. At a dosage of 2 kg per ton of feed, more than 99% of aflatoxin in the feed can be removed. However, the adsorption effect of mineral adsorbents on other types of toxins such as zearalenone, vomitoxin, ochratoxin, etc. is not satisfactory. For example, the adsorption rate of zearalenone and vomitoxin is often lower than 40%. Increasing the addition dosage can increase the adsorption amount, but its application is limited due to its adsorption effect on nutrients. Activated carbon also has a certain adsorption effect, but its disadvantage is that it has a relatively high adsorption rate for amino acids, vitamins, and even trace elements in feed, so its application in the field of mold removal is greatly limited.

[0005] Biological mold removal is a relatively perfect method for solving molds and toxins. Through the fermentation of specific microorganisms, for example, fermenting corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran by selected composite microorganisms can remove most of the mycotoxins in the feed. Moreover, fermented feed raw materials such as corn and soybean meal have better palatability, are easier to absorb, and can be stored for a long time without deterioration. Some energy and vitamins will be lost during the fermentation process, but some special small peptides, amino acids, and organic acids will be produced. In addition, the addition of water during the fermentation process increases the cost of feed transportation, and the conventional powder feeding system cannot be applied.

[0006] In summary, the current methods for removing mycotoxins each have their own characteristics, but they cannot meet the development needs of the industry. Therefore, there is a need to provide a safe, efficient, and economical mycotoxin adsorbent. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems and deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a composite mycotoxin adsorbent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0008] In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] In the first aspect of the present invention, a composite mycotoxin adsorbent is provided, and the composite mycotoxin adsorbent is prepared by mixing licorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber in a mass ratio of (1-16):(1-5).

[0010] Preferably, the composite mycotoxin adsorbent is prepared by mixing licorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber in a mass ratio of 16:5.

[0011] In the second aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention is provided, including the following steps:

[0012] (1) After crushing licorice stems, they are impregnated in a phosphoric acid solution, and after crushing Platycladus orientalis leaves, they are impregnated in a potassium hydroxide solution. The impregnated licorice stems and Platycladus orientalis leaves are respectively washed and drained to obtain licorice stem impregnated matter and Platycladus orientalis leaf impregnated matter;

[0013] (2) The licorice stem impregnated matter and Platycladus orientalis leaf impregnated matter obtained in step (1) are respectively placed in a closed high-pressure container, maintained at a pressure of 4.0 Mp for 3 min, then rapidly depressurized, taken out and dried to obtain licorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber;

[0014] (3) The licorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber obtained in step (2) are crushed and mixed evenly to obtain the composite mycotoxin adsorbent.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of licorice stems to the phosphoric acid solution is 1:0.9-1:1.2, and the mass ratio of Platycladus orientalis leaves to the potassium hydroxide solution is 1:1.5-1:2.5.

[0016] Preferably, in step (1), the impregnation conditions of licorice stems are: impregnation at 55-65 °C for 2-4 h, and the impregnation conditions of Platycladus orientalis leaves are: impregnation at 85-95 °C for 2-4 h.

[0017] In step (1), the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 20%, and the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10%.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the licorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber are dried to a moisture content <8.0%.

[0019] Preferably, in step (1), the licorice stems and Chinese arborvitae leaves are ground to 200 mesh, and in step (3), the licorice stems and Chinese arborvitae leaves are ground to 300 mesh.

[0020] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention in removing mycotoxins from livestock and poultry feed.

[0021] Preferably, the dosage of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent added to livestock and poultry feed is: 0.5 - 2.0 kg of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent is added per ton of feed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) According to the different characteristics of licorice stems and Chinese arborvitae leaves, the present invention respectively treats them with acid / alkali at a certain temperature to break the cell wall, expose the fiber skeleton, and then combines with the steam explosion technology to rapidly release pressure under extremely high pressure conditions to improve the fiber structure, increase its adsorption space surface area, and finally obtain an improved fiber structure, greatly enhancing the adsorption effect of the prepared composite mycotoxin adsorbent on toxins.

[0024] (2) The adsorption rate of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent prepared by the present invention for mycotoxins is superior to that of common montmorillonite and activated carbon. The clinical trial results show that the adsorption rate of the adsorbent prepared by the present invention for aflatoxin at a concentration of 5 μg / mL at a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL is as high as over 99%, the adsorption rate for zearalenone at a concentration of 5 μg / mL is as high as over 99%, and the adsorption rate for vomitoxin at a concentration of 5 μg / mL is as high as over 70%, far higher than that of ordinary montmorillonite and activated carbon.

[0025] (3) The adsorption rate of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent prepared by the present invention for water-soluble vitamins (VB6) is much lower than that of ordinary montmorillonite and activated carbon. The clinical trial results show that the adsorption rate of the adsorbent prepared by the present invention for VB6 at a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL at a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL is about 5%, far lower than that of montmorillonite with an adsorption rate of up to 47% at the same concentration.

[0026] (4) The composite mycotoxin adsorbent prepared by the present invention is safe, non-toxic and has no side effects, and there is no drug residue after use. The raw materials of the composition are abundant in the market supply and low in price, and have good market application and promotion value. Specific embodiments

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below through examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A preparation method of a composite mycotoxin adsorbent is as follows:

[0030] (1) Crush the clean and dry licorice stem medicinal materials to 200 mesh, add 20% phosphoric acid solution at a mass ratio of 1:1.1, and impregnate at 60 °C for 3 h. Crush the clean and dry oriental arborvitae leaf medicinal materials to 200 mesh, add 10% potassium hydroxide solution at a mass ratio of 1:2.0, and impregnate at 90 °C for 3 h;

[0031] (2) Wash the impregnated licorice stems and oriental arborvitae leaves in step (1) three times with 3 times the amount of distilled water at 90 °C, and drain to obtain licorice stem impregnated materials and oriental arborvitae leaf impregnated materials;

[0032] (3) Place the licorice stem impregnated materials and oriental arborvitae leaf impregnated materials obtained in step (2) in a closed high-pressure container respectively, introduce high-pressure steam to make the pressure reach 4.0 Mp, keep it for 3 min, then quickly release the pressure, take it out and dry it to a moisture content < 8.0% to obtain licorice stem fibers and oriental arborvitae leaf fibers;

[0033] (4) Compatibility of the licorice stem fibers and oriental arborvitae leaf fibers obtained in step (3) at a mass ratio of 16:5, crush to 300 mesh, and mix evenly to obtain the composite mycotoxin adsorbent.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A preparation method of a composite mycotoxin adsorbent is basically the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: in step (4) of the preparation method, the mass ratio of licorice stem fibers to oriental arborvitae leaf fibers is 8:5.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] A preparation method of a composite mycotoxin adsorbent is basically the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: in step (4) of the preparation method, the mass ratio of licorice stem fibers to oriental arborvitae leaf fibers is 4:5.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] A preparation method of a composite mycotoxin adsorbent is basically the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: in step (4) of the preparation method, the mass ratio of licorice stem fibers to oriental arborvitae leaf fibers is 1:2.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] A preparation method of a composite mycotoxin adsorbent is basically the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: in step (4) of the preparation method, the mass ratio of licorice stem fibers to oriental arborvitae leaf fibers is 1:4.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] A preparation method of a licorice stem adsorbent is as follows:

[0044] (1) Clean and dry licorice stems are crushed into powders with a mesh size of 200, and 20% phosphoric acid solution is added in a ratio of 1:1.1 by mass and impregnated at 60 °C for 3 h;

[0045] (2) The licorice stems impregnated in step (1) are washed 3 times with 3 times the amount of distilled water at 90 °C and drained to obtain licorice stem impregnated materials;

[0046] (3) The licorice stem impregnated materials in step (2) are placed in a closed high-pressure container, high-pressure steam is introduced to make the pressure reach 4.0 Mp, and after maintaining for 3 min, the pressure is rapidly released. After taking out, the materials are dried in an oven until the moisture content ≤ 8% to obtain licorice stem fibers;

[0047] (4) The licorice stem fibers obtained in step (3) are crushed to 300 meshes to obtain the licorice stem adsorbent.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] A preparation method of a Platycladus orientalis leaf adsorbent is as follows:

[0050] (1) Clean and dry Platycladus orientalis leaves are crushed into powders with a mesh size of 200, and 10% potassium hydroxide solution is added in a ratio of 1:2.0 by mass and impregnated at 90 °C for 3 h;

[0051] (2) The Platycladus orientalis leaves impregnated in step (1) are washed 3 times with 3 times the amount of distilled water at 90 °C and drained to obtain Platycladus orientalis leaf impregnated materials;

[0052] (3) The Platycladus orientalis leaf impregnated materials in step (2) are placed in a closed high-pressure container, high-pressure steam is introduced to make the pressure reach 4.0 Mp, and after maintaining for 3 min, the pressure is rapidly released. After taking out, the materials are dried in an oven until the moisture content ≤ 8% to obtain Platycladus orientalis leaf fibers;

[0053] (4) The Platycladus orientalis leaf fibers obtained in step (3) are crushed to 300 meshes to obtain the Platycladus orientalis leaf adsorbent.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] A preparation method of a composite adsorbent of licorice stems and Platycladus orientalis leaves is as follows: Take licorice stem raw materials (crushed to 300 meshes) and Platycladus orientalis leaf raw materials (crushed to 300 meshes), and mix them evenly in a mass ratio of 16:5.

[0056] Experimental Example 1 Adsorption of mycotoxins by the composite mycotoxin adsorbent

[0057] Test Example 1: The adsorption effects of the composite mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the adsorbents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, ordinary wood activated carbon, and montmorillonite on aflatoxin, zearalenone, and vomitoxin were respectively detected. The composite mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the adsorbents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, ordinary wood activated carbon, and montmorillonite were denoted as the test samples.

[0058] 1. Test raw materials and instruments

[0059] Test raw materials: Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) standard product; zearalenone (ZEN) standard product; vomitoxin (TON) standard product; methanol (chromatographic grade); acetonitrile (chromatographic grade);

[0060] Aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1 ) solution preparation: Take 5 mg of aflatoxin B1 standard product, dissolve it with an appropriate amount of acetonitrile, and make up the volume to 100 mL;

[0061] Zearalenone (ZEN) solution preparation: Take 5 mg of zearalenone standard product, dissolve it with an appropriate amount of methanol, and make up the volume to 100 mL;

[0062] Vomitoxin (TON) solution preparation: Take 5 mg of vomitoxin standard product, dissolve it with an appropriate amount of methanol, and make up the volume to 100 mL.

[0063] Test instruments: High performance liquid chromatograph (equipped with ultraviolet detector).

[0064] 2. Test methods

[0065] (1) Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) adsorption rate test method

[0066] Test solution preparation: Take 1 mL of the prepared aflatoxin B 1 solution, add 9 mL of purified water, add 5 mg of the test sample, shake well, place it in a water bath at 37 °C, shake and react for 2 hours, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, filter and detect it on the machine.

[0067] AFB 1 Control solution preparation: Take 1 mL of the prepared aflatoxin B 1 solution, add 9 mL of purified water, shake well, place it in a water bath at 37 °C, shake and react for 2 hours, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, filter and detect it on the machine.

[0068] Adsorption rate = AFB in the test solution after reaction 1Concentration after reaction with control solution / AFB in the control solution 1 × 100% of the concentration

[0069] Detection conditions:

[0070] Mobile phase: methanol: acetonitrile: purified water (volume ratio 40:10:50); Flow rate: 0.8 mL / min; Detection wavelength: 365 nm; Column temperature: 30 °C; Injection volume: 10 μL.

[0071] (2) Test method for determining the adsorption rate of zearalenone (ZEN)

[0072] Preparation of test solution: Take 1 mL of the prepared ZEN solution, add 4 mL of methanol and 5 mL of purified water, add 5 mg of the sample to be tested, shake well, place in a water bath at 37 °C, shake and react for 2 hours, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, filter and detect on the machine.

[0073] Preparation of control solution: Take 1 mL of the prepared ZEN solution, add 4 mL of methanol and 5 mL of purified water, shake well, place in a water bath at 37 °C, shake and react for 2 hours, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, filter and detect on the machine.

[0074] Adsorption rate = Concentration of ZEN in the test solution after reaction / Concentration of ZEN in the control solution after reaction with the control solution × 100%

[0075] Detection conditions:

[0076] Mobile phase: methanol: 0.02 mol / L ammonium acetate solution (volume ratio 70:30); Flow rate: 1.0 mL / min; Detection wavelength: 236 nm; Column temperature: 30 °C; Injection volume: 20 μL.

[0077] (3) Test method for determining the adsorption rate of vomitoxin (TON)

[0078] Preparation of test solution: Take 1 mL of the prepared TON solution, add 9 mL of purified water, add 5 mg of the sample to be tested, shake well, place in a water bath at 37 °C, shake and react for 2 hours, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, filter and detect on the machine.

[0079] Preparation of control solution: Take 1 mL of the prepared TON solution, add 9 mL of purified water, shake well, place in a water bath at 37 °C, shake and react for 2 hours, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, filter and detect on the machine.

[0080] Adsorption rate = Concentration of TON in the test solution after reaction / Concentration of TON in the control solution after reaction with the control solution × 100%

[0081] Detection conditions:

[0082] Mobile phase: methanol: water (volume ratio 30:70); flow rate: 1.0 mL / min; detection wavelength: 218 nm; column temperature: 30 °C; injection volume: 50 μL.

[0083] 3. Test results

[0084] The adsorption rates of the composite mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the adsorbents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, ordinary wood activated carbon, and montmorillonite for aflatoxin, zearalenone, and vomitoxin are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1 Adsorption rates of adsorbents in each group for different toxins

[0086]

[0087] It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that the composite mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have good adsorption effects on AFB 1 , ZEN and TON mycotoxins. Among them, the composite mycotoxin adsorbent prepared in Example 1 has the best adsorption effect, with adsorption rates of up to 100% for AFB 1 and ZEN, and up to 71.3% for TON. At the same time, when the proportion of Glycyrrhiza uralensis stem fiber in Glycyrrhiza uralensis stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis fiber decreases, the adsorption rate decreases (Examples 4 to 5). However, the adsorption rates of single fibers (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) are also lower than those of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent prepared in Example 1. It may be that after the two different fibers are proportioned, aggregation or charge transfer occurs in the microscopic morphology, affecting the adsorption differences for substances with different structures. The adsorption rates of the three toxins in Comparative Example 3 are almost 0, indicating that untreated pure medicinal materials cannot adsorb mycotoxins in vitro. Wood activated carbon (shell carbon) and montmorillonite have poor adsorption effects on aflatoxin, zearalenone, and vomitoxin.

[0088] Test Example 2 Adsorption effect of composite mycotoxin adsorbent on vitamins

[0089] In Test Example 2, the adsorption effects of the composite mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the adsorbents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, ordinary wood activated carbon, and montmorillonite on vitamin B 6 , vitamin E were detected, and the composite mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the adsorbents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, ordinary wood activated carbon, and montmorillonite were denoted as test samples.

[0090] 1. Test raw materials

[0091] Vitamin B 6 standard, vitamin E standard, vitamin B 6Solution, vitamin E solution.

[0092] 2. Test method

[0093] (1) Adsorption rate test of vitamin B 6

[0094] Prepare a 1 mg / mL vitamin B 6 solution. Take 10 mL of this solution, add 150 mg of the sample to be tested, shake well to disperse evenly, place it in a 37 °C water bath for 2 hours, and at the same time set a blank control without the sample to be tested. After 2 hours, centrifuge and take the supernatant, and measure the concentration of vitamin B 6 in the solution. The detection method of vitamin B 6 refers to the method of "GB / T 14702 Determination of vitamin B6 in feeds".

[0095] (2) Adsorption rate test of vitamin E

[0096] Prepare a 1 mg / mL vitamin E solution. Take 10 mL of this solution, add 150 mg of the sample to be tested, shake well to disperse evenly, place it in a 37 °C water bath for 2 hours, and at the same time set a blank control without the sample to be tested. After 2 hours, centrifuge and take the supernatant, and measure the concentration of vitamin B 6 in the solution. The detection method of vitamin B 6 refers to the method of "GB / T 17812 Determination of vitamin E in feeds".

[0097] 3. Test results

[0098] The adsorption rates of the compound mycotoxin adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the adsorbents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, ordinary woody activated carbon, and montmorillonite for vitamin B 6 and vitamin E are shown in Table 2.

[0099] Table 2 Adsorption rates of each group for vitamin B 6 and vitamin E

[0100]

[0101] According to the test results in Table 2, it can be seen that the adsorption effects of the adsorbents in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 on vitamin B 6 are similar, with almost no difference, far lower than that of montmorillonite and ordinary fruit shell carbon. At the same time, the adsorption rates of vitamin E by Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 are about 1%, and the differences among the groups are not significant, far lower than the adsorption rates of vitamin E by fruit shell carbon and montmorillonite. It shows that the adsorbent prepared by this scheme has a low adsorption rate for vitamin B 6 ​The adsorption rates of vitamin B6 and vitamin E are relatively low. In Comparative Example 3, the adsorption rates of vitamin B6 and vitamin E are almost zero, indicating that the simple medicinal materials, licorice stems and oriental arborvitae leaves, have little adsorption effect on vitamins.

[0102] Test Example 3 Clinical Effect Test of Compound Mycotoxin Adsorbent

[0103] 1. Basic Situation of the Test

[0104] In the laying hen farm in Zhuxian Town, Kaifeng, Henan Province, in early October 2024, the chickens in the flock generally had diarrhea at the first diagnosis. There were oral ulcers on the mouths of some chickens. 3 - 5 chickens died sporadically every day in each building. After autopsy, it was found that the mesentery in the abdominal cavity was melanized. Later, it was found that the feed was slightly mildewed. After testing, the average content of vomitoxin in the mycotoxin in the same - batch feed raw material corn was 490 μg / kg, the average content of zearalenone toxin was 764 μg / kg, and the average content of aflatoxin was 6 μg / kg. The veterinarian determined that the chicken flock was suffering from chronic mycotoxin poisoning.

[0105] 2. Test Animals

[0106] 20,000 Jinghong laying hens in the laying hen farm in Zhuxian Town, Kaifeng, Henan Province, suffering from chronic mycotoxin poisoning, 370 - day - old.

[0107] 3. Test Grouping

[0108] There were 20,000 Jinghong laying hens suffering from chronic mycotoxin poisoning. According to the principle of random grouping, they were divided into two groups: the test group and the control group, with 10,000 hens in each group. The test group used the compound mycotoxin adsorbent prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. 1 kg of the compound mycotoxin adsorbent prepared in Example 1 was added to each ton of feed and used continuously for 7 days. At the same time, 3 kg of calcium formate was added to each ton of feed and used continuously for 7 days. 4 L of liver - repairing drug Ganyishu (crude extract of the natural plant feed raw material Glossy Privet Fruit) was added per day and used for 5 consecutive days. The control group used the ordinary mycotoxin adsorbent montmorillonite. 2 kg was added to each ton of feed and used continuously for 7 days. At the same time, the mold inhibitor calcium formate, 3 kg per ton of feed, was used continuously for 7 days. The liver - repairing drug Ganyishu (crude extract of the natural plant feed raw material Glossy Privet Fruit) was 4 L per day and used for 5 consecutive days. The specific test grouping and the medication methods for each group are shown in Table 3.

[0109] Table 3 Test Grouping and Medication Methods for Each Group

[0110]

[0111] 4. Test Results and Analysis

[0112] After 7 days of medication, observe the situation of the two groups of chicken flocks, and record the number of deaths, fecal conditions, and changes in egg production rates of the two groups of chicken flocks respectively. Among them, the number of deaths is recorded as the average number of deaths in the 5 days before medication and the average number of deaths in the 5 days after the end of medication. The egg production rate is recorded as the average egg production rate in the 5 days before medication and the average egg production rate in the 5 days after the end of medication. The fecal conditions are recorded on the day before medication and the day when the medication ends. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0113] Table 4. Conditions of the two groups of chicken flocks before and after medication

[0114]

[0115] Judged by veterinarians, the fecal conditions of both groups of chicken flocks have improved, but the overall condition of the experimental group is slightly better than that of the control group. For example, the egg production rate has rebounded, the average number of deaths has decreased, and the fecal state has basically returned to normal. It shows that Example 1 of this scheme is more effective than montmorillonite in the treatment of mycotoxins, and no side effects have been found during the treatment process.

Claims

1. A composite mycotoxin adsorbent, characterized in that: The composite mycotoxin adsorbent is prepared by mixing liquorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber in a mass ratio of (1-16):(1-5).

2. The composite mycotoxin adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite mycotoxin adsorbent is prepared by mixing liquorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber in a mass ratio of 16:

5.

3. The method for preparing the composite mycotoxin adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) crushing the licorice stems and adding them to a phosphoric acid solution for immersion, crushing the Platycladus orientalis leaves and adding them to a potassium hydroxide solution for immersion, washing and draining the soaked licorice stems and Platycladus orientalis leaves, respectively, to obtain licorice stem soaks and Platycladus orientalis leaf soaks; (2) placing the liquorice stem impregnation product and the Platycladus orientalis leaf impregnation product obtained in step (1) in a closed high-pressure container respectively, maintaining the container at a pressure of 4.0 Mp for 3 minutes, rapidly releasing the pressure, taking out and drying the container to obtain liquorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber; (3) Grinding the liquorice stem fiber and Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber obtained in step (2) and mixing them evenly to obtain a composite mycotoxin adsorbent.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of liquorice stem to phosphoric acid solution is 1:0.9 to 1:1.2, and the mass ratio of Platycladus orientalis leaves to potassium hydroxide solution is 1:1.5 to 1:2.

5.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (1), the licorice stems are immersed at 55-65° C. for 2-4 hours; the Platycladus orientalis leaves are immersed at 85-95° C. for 2-4 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (1), the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 20%, and the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the liquorice stem fiber and the Platycladus orientalis leaf fiber are dried to a moisture content of less than 8.0%.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the liquorice stems and Platycladus orientalis leaves are crushed to 200 meshes; in step (3), the liquorice stems and Platycladus orientalis leaves are crushed to 300 meshes.

9. Use of the composite mycotoxin adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 2 in removing mycotoxins from livestock and poultry feed.

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