Novel composite fog dispersal catalyst formula and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel composite fog dispersal catalyst formula and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of manual intervention weather catalyst manufacturing. The catalyst comprises a hygroscopic agent, which can be calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, urea, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide; the carrier agent can be oxidized starch, bentonite, diatomite, a molecular sieve or cellulose; and the dispersing agent can be silicon dioxide, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol, fatty glyceride or titanium dioxide. The prepared catalyst has good hygroscopicity and dispersibility, and when the catalyst is sown in dense fog, the dense fog can be rapidly dissipated. The raw materials have high water absorption characteristic and dispersity and can accelerate dissipation of warm dense fog and improve visibility, most of the carrier materials are non-toxic and harmless environment-friendly materials, the content of chloride ions and alkali metal ions in the composite catalyst is effectively reduced by controlling the proportion, the corrosion effect caused by various ions is reduced, and the requirement for environmental protection is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing catalysts for artificial weather intervention, and particularly to a novel composite fog-eliminating catalyst formulation and its preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Artificial fog elimination is one of the important contents of the research on artificial weather modification. The fog in the southern region of China belongs to warm fog (i.e., the temperature is above 0°C) and appears relatively frequently, often affecting people's production and life. Therefore, the research on eliminating warm fog is very necessary. There are various methods for eliminating warm fog, such as heating fog elimination, dynamic fog elimination, electrical fog elimination, and spreading hygroscopic substances, etc. Among them, spreading hygroscopic substances to eliminate warm fog is an important development direction in the research of artificial fog elimination.

[0003] Currently, the catalysts directly used for fog elimination by spreading mainly include hygroscopic materials such as cement, salt, diatomite, and urea, etc. However, these materials all have their own non-negligible disadvantages. Some new environmentally friendly fog-eliminating catalysts, such as aluminosilicate compounds and hygroscopic resins, etc., are still in the stage of continuous research and experimentation. Although they are expected to replace traditional fog-eliminating catalysts, further experimental verification is still needed. No matter which kind of fog-eliminating catalyst material, it alone cannot meet the complex requirements of actual fog elimination, such as fog droplet size, composition, kinetic characteristics, as well as environmental corrosiveness, adhesion, spreading method, etc. Therefore, when actually using fog-eliminating catalysts, we often need to develop composite fog-eliminating catalysts with multiple fog-eliminating functions, so as to make up for the advantages and disadvantages among various single fog-eliminating catalysts, improve the fog elimination efficiency while reducing its negative effects on the environment.

[0004] In the process of practice, it has been shown that different fog-eliminating catalysts each have their own defects and cannot particularly well meet the practical needs. For example, for substances with strong hygroscopicity such as calcium chloride, molecular sieve, sodium chloride, and ammonium chloride, there are differences in hygroscopic characteristics: calcium chloride and molecular sieve have the strongest static hygroscopic ability and the largest mass hygroscopic rate, and their hygroscopic ability is relatively evenly distributed at different relative humidities, but their further condensation and growth ability as condensation nuclei is weak; the mass hygroscopic rate of sodium chloride and ammonium chloride is the second, but their hygroscopic ability is mainly concentrated in the high humidity area. Especially for sodium chloride, when it forms a solution droplet as a condensation nucleus, it can absorb more water vapor, form larger droplets, and may trigger the in-cloud collision and growth mechanism to accelerate the dissipation of cloud and fog. Materials such as cement and hygroscopic resins are pollution-free, but have problems such as poor hygroscopic effect and difficulty in removing sediment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a novel composite fog-eliminating catalyst formulation and its preparation method.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A new type of composite anti-fog catalyst formulation, the formulation comprising: one part of a moisture absorbent, which is: calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, urea, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide; one part of a carrier agent, which is: oxidized starch, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, molecular sieve or cellulose; one part of a dispersant, which is: silica, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol, fatty acid glyceride or titanium dioxide;

[0008] As a traditional anti-fog moisture absorbent catalyst, the excellent moisture absorption performance of calcium chloride has been obvious in previous anti-fog operations. However, if it is not cleaned up in time when it falls on various facilities, it has serious corrosiveness to metals. Chloride ions can penetrate the oxide layer on the metal surface, adsorb on the metal surface, replace the original oxygen in the metal oxide layer, convert the insoluble oxides in the metal layer into soluble chlorides, change the passivated state of the metal surface into an active state, and damage the original protective layer on the metal surface.

[0009] Bentonite is a non-metallic mineral mainly composed of montmorillonite, and its main component is aluminosilicate, which is low in price and easy to obtain. Type A and X type molecular sieves are a kind of synthetic porous hydrated aluminosilicates, which can effectively adsorb small molecules in the atmosphere. Their components are similar, both can promote ion exchange, and they are all non-toxic and harmless materials, with stable chemical properties and not easy to corrode metals, and both have relatively good water absorption. The present invention controls the proportion of the two in the composite anti-fog catalyst to reduce the dosage of calcium chloride, so as to achieve the purpose of neutralizing the corrosiveness of calcium chloride and improve the environmental protection of the anti-fog catalyst.

[0010] The mass ratio of the moisture absorbent to the carrier agent is: 1:1 to 1:10; the dispersant accounts for 3% to 10% of the total weight of the formulation.

[0011] Preferably, the moisture absorbent is calcium chloride powder or magnesium chloride powder. The particle size of the calcium chloride powder is less than 75 microns, and the water content ≤ 0.1%. The particle size of the magnesium chloride powder is less than 75 microns, and the water content ≤ 0.1%.

[0012] Preferably, the carrier agent is molecular sieve powder or diatomaceous earth powder. The molecular sieve type is type A and X type molecular sieve powder, the particle size of the molecular sieve powder is less than 75 microns, and the particle size of the diatomaceous earth powder is less than 75 microns.

[0013] Preferably, the dispersant is silica aerogel powder, and the particle size of the silica aerogel powder is less than 100 nanometers.

[0014] Preferably, the carrier agent is calcium-based or sodium-based bentonite powder, and the particle size of the powder is less than 75 microns.

[0015] A preparation method of a new type of composite anti-fog catalyst is provided, and the method steps include:

[0016] S1. Grind and pulverize the moisture absorbent, carrier agent, and dispersant separately in a grinder to obtain the corresponding powder materials;

[0017] S2. Configure a certain number of the moisture absorbents and carrier agents obtained in step S1 according to a certain mass ratio, add a certain proportion of the dispersant, and place them in a blender for thorough mixing;

[0018] S3. Screen the powder obtained in step S2 layer by layer and classify it to remove agglomerates and large particles to obtain the mixed powder with the required particle size;

[0019] S4. Place the mixed powder obtained in step S3 in an oven for baking to remove residual moisture to obtain the composite catalyst;

[0020] S5. Use the vacuum sealing method to bag and seal the composite anti-fog catalyst for anti-fogging.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, the D50 of the particle sizes of anhydrous calcium chloride and molecular sieve powder reaches below 75 microns.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the rotation speed of the blender is 50 r / min to 200 r / min, and the mixing time is 0.5 - 2 hours.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, place the catalyst obtained in step S3 on a tray and lay it flat in an oven at 80°C to 100°C, and the baking time is 0.5 - 1 hour.

[0024] Preferably, in step S4, use an infrared moisture meter to measure the water content of the dried composite anti-fog catalyst, and the water content of the catalyst is less than 1%.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) The prepared anti-fog catalyst has good hygroscopicity and dispersibility, and when it is spread in thick fog, it can make the fog dissipate quickly;

[0027] (2) By combining the carrier materials bentonite and molecular sieve with the highly hygroscopic material anhydrous calcium chloride and supplementing with an environmentally friendly dispersant, a new type of composite anti-fog catalyst is prepared; Bentonite is a non-metallic mineral mainly composed of montmorillonite, and the price is low; while type A and type X molecular sieves are a kind of synthetic porous hydrated silicoaluminate, which can effectively adsorb small molecules in the atmosphere and promote ion exchange, etc. Both are non-toxic and harmless materials, with stable chemical properties and not easy to corrode metals, and both have relatively good hydrophilicity;

[0028] (3) By controlling the ratio of the two in the composite anti-fog catalyst, the content of calcium chloride can be reduced to achieve the purpose of neutralizing the corrosiveness of calcium chloride and improving the environmental friendliness of the anti-fog catalyst. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of a new type of composite anti-fog catalyst;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a physical diagram of the composite anti-fog catalyst;

[0031] Figure 3 It is the laser particle size diagram of a new type of composite anti-fog catalyst according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the moisture absorption rates of a new type of composite anti-fog catalyst and a traditional catalyst according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a comparison diagram of the anti-fog effects of a new type of composite anti-fog catalyst and a traditional catalyst according to an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0034] Next, in combination with the embodiments, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] A new type of composite anti-fog catalyst formula is provided. The formula includes: one part of a moisture absorbent, which is: calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, urea, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide; one part of a carrier agent, which is: oxidized starch, bentonite, diatomite, molecular sieve or cellulose; one part of a dispersant, which is: silica, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol, glycerol fatty acid ester or titanium dioxide;

[0036] The mass ratio of the moisture absorbent to the carrier agent is: 1:1 to 1:10; the dispersant accounts for 3% to 10% of the total weight of the formula.

[0037] Select one part of calcium chloride, one part of molecular sieve, one part of bentonite, and one part of silica aerosol, and prepare 10 kg of composite anti-fog catalyst material according to a mass ratio of 1:2:6:1.

[0038] Among them, the particle size of the calcium chloride is less than 75 microns, the water content is less than 0.1%, and the purity is higher than 99.5%.

[0039] Among them, the particle size of the molecular sieve is less than 75 microns, the water content is less than 2%, and the purity is greater than 99%.

[0040] Among them, the particle size of the bentonite is less than 75 microns, and the water content is less than 2%.

[0041] Wherein, the particle size of the silica aerosol is less than 75 microns and the water content is less than 3%.

[0042] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 A method for preparing a novel composite defogging catalyst is provided. The method comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. The hygroscopic agent, carrier agent and dispersant are placed in a grinder and ground to obtain the corresponding powder material;

[0044] S2. The plurality of hygroscopic agents and carrier agents obtained in step S1 are configured in a certain mass ratio, and a certain proportion of a dispersant is added, and the mixture is placed in a mixer and mixed thoroughly;

[0045] S3. The powder obtained in step S2 is sieved layer by layer to remove agglomerates and large particles to obtain a mixed powder of the desired particle size;

[0046] S4. The mixed powder obtained in step S3 is placed in an oven for baking to remove residual water to obtain a composite catalyst (powdered), such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0047] S5. Use vacuum sealing method to pack the composite defogging catalyst into bags and seal them to eliminate the fog.

[0048] See also Figure 3 The prepared composite defogging catalyst was tested by laser particle size measurement. The test results are shown in Figure 3 The particle size volume of the catalyst is in the range of 0.5~187μm, with a particle size of 57μm. The catalyst particles account for the highest proportion, meeting the requirement that the D50 of the catalyst powder particle size is 75 microns, meeting the expected particle size standard.

[0049] See also Figure 4 Under the same temperature and humidity environment, the moisture absorption rate of the composite catalyst prepared in the embodiment was tested and compared with the moisture absorption rate of the traditional defogging catalyst. The absorption rate of the new composite defogging catalyst prepared in the embodiment was higher.

[0050] Under a constant temperature and humidity environment, a moisture absorption rate comparison test was conducted on traditional catalysts (B), traditional catalysts (C), and a new composite catalyst (A) of the same mass. The experimental temperature was set at 20°C and the humidity was 98%. The absorption rates of the composite catalyst (A) prepared in the examples, traditional catalyst (B), and traditional catalyst (C) were obtained. Compared with the moisture absorption rate of the new composite catalyst (A), the moisture absorption rates of traditional catalyst (B) and catalyst (C) were lower. This result indicates that the catalyst material prepared from the catalyst formulation provided by the present invention has certain advantages in terms of moisture absorption rate and can be used in defogging operations in related regions.

[0051] Refer to Figure 5 , under the same experimental environment, an experimental analysis was conducted on the static defogging effects of traditional catalyst (B), traditional catalyst (C), and the new composite catalyst (A) prepared in the examples. During the experiment, the transmittance data before and after the spraying of the three catalysts were collected for comparison. It can be seen that when the illuminance was below 5000 lux, compared with traditional catalyst (B) and traditional catalyst (C), before 250 s, the environmental illuminance after the spraying of the new composite catalyst (A) prepared in this example was higher than that affected by traditional catalyst (B) and traditional catalyst (C), and the defogging speed was faster and the defogging effect was better. After 250 s, the water absorption rates of the three materials tended to be saturated and the effects were relatively balanced.

[0052] Through comparison, it can be observed that the new composite catalyst prepared in the examples has varying degrees of improvement in terms of moisture absorption rate and defogging effect compared with traditional catalysts.

[0053] The new defogging catalyst prepared in this example has good hygroscopicity and dispersibility, and when it is sprayed in thick fog, it can make the fog dissipate quickly; a composite defogging catalyst is prepared by combining bentonite, molecular sieve, silica aerosol, and calcium chloride. Bentonite is a non-metallic mineral mainly composed of montmorillonite and has a low price; while the molecular sieve is a synthetic porous hydrated silicoaluminate. Both are non-toxic and harmless materials, with stable chemical properties and not easy to corrode metals, and both have relatively good water absorption; and by controlling the proportion of the two in the composite defogging catalyst, the dosage of calcium chloride can be reduced, and part of the influence caused by the corrosiveness of calcium chloride can be neutralized, making it meet the environmental protection requirements, thereby improving the environmental protection of the defogging catalyst. And silica aerosol has good dispersion performance, which will promote the dispersion and flow of the catalyst material in the fog and increase the collision probability.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be changed within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge in the relevant field. Any changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new composite defogging catalyst formula, characterized in that: The formula comprises: a hygroscopic agent, which is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, urea, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide; a carrier, which is oxidized starch, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, molecular sieve or cellulose; and a dispersant, which is silicon dioxide, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene glycol, fatty acid glyceride or titanium dioxide. The mass ratio of the hygroscopic agent to the carrier agent is 1:1 to 1:10; the dispersant accounts for 3% to 10% of the total weight of the formula.

2. A novel composite defogging catalyst formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desiccant is calcium chloride powder or magnesium chloride powder. The particle size of calcium chloride powder is less than 75 microns and the water content is ≤0.1%. The particle size of magnesium chloride powder is less than 75 microns and the water content is ≤0.1%.

3. A novel composite defogging catalyst formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier is molecular sieve powder or diatomaceous earth powder. The molecular sieve type is A-type and X-type molecular sieve powder. The particle size of the molecular sieve powder is less than 75 microns, and the particle size of the diatomaceous earth powder is less than 75 microns.

4. A novel composite defogging catalyst formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is silica aerogel powder, and the particle size of the silica aerogel powder is less than 100 nanometers.

5. A novel composite defogging catalyst formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier is bentonite, which is calcium-based or sodium-based bentonite powder, and the particle size of the powder is less than 75 microns.

6. A method for preparing a novel composite defogging catalyst, characterized in that: The method steps include: S1. The hygroscopic agent, carrier agent and dispersant are placed in a grinder and ground to obtain the corresponding powder material; S2. The plurality of hygroscopic agents and carrier agents obtained in step S1 are configured in a certain mass ratio, and a certain proportion of a dispersant is added, and the mixture is placed in a mixer and mixed thoroughly; S3. The powder obtained in step S2 is sieved layer by layer to remove agglomerates and large particles to obtain a mixed powder of the desired particle size; S4. The mixed powder obtained in step S3 is placed in an oven for baking to remove residual moisture to obtain a composite catalyst; S5. Use vacuum sealing method to pack the composite defogging catalyst into bags and seal them to eliminate defogging.

7. The method for preparing a novel composite defogging catalyst according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S1, the particle size D50 of the anhydrous calcium chloride and molecular sieve powder is less than 75 microns.

8. The method for preparing a novel composite defogging catalyst according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the speed of the stirrer is 50 r / min to 200 r / min, and the stirring and mixing time is 0.5 to 2 hours.

9. The method for preparing a novel composite defogging catalyst according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the catalyst obtained in step S3 is placed on a plate and laid flat in an oven at 80° C. to 100° C. for 0.5 to 1 hour.

10. The method for preparing a novel composite defogging catalyst according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S4, the water content of the dried composite defogging catalyst is measured using an infrared moisture meter, and the water content of the catalyst is less than 1%.

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