Compound impactor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of drilling and provides a compound impactor; its liquid inlet cylinder has at least a single first liquid inlet hole; the first rotating assembly is placed in the accommodating cavity and includes a first bearing structure and a diversion structure assembled on the first bearing structure; the first bearing structure is fixed to the liquid inlet cylinder; the first diversion structure has at least a single first liquid inlet channel communicating with the first liquid inlet hole, a flow collecting channel communicating with the first liquid inlet channel, and a first diversion flow channel and a second diversion flow channel formed by shunting via the flow collecting channel, and the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail opening of the first diversion flow channel is less than the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail opening of the second diversion flow channel; the impact assembly includes a piston hammer and an impact body, and the piston hammer is movably placed in the impact body. The present invention has a unique flow channel design and can enable the piston hammer to obtain a greater impulse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and more specifically, to a compound impactor. Background Art

[0002] In the exploration and development fields of oil and natural gas, as the exploitation process continues to advance, oil and gas wells extend towards deeper formations. That is to say, the proportion of deep wells and ultra-deep wells in oil and gas well projects is increasing continuously. Moreover, the geological conditions of deep formations are complex. In addition, the strength, hardness and abrasiveness of rocks have increased significantly, which has also become one of the important reasons restricting drilling efficiency, slowing down the drilling process and causing a sharp increase in drilling costs.

[0003] When the existing compound impactors are applied to deep formation working conditions, the energy of the drilling fluid will decay due to reasons such as friction and vibration during the flow process of the drilling fluid, resulting in a reduction in the effective impact force finally reaching the drill bit.

[0004] Based on this, it is urgent to invent a compound impactor to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a compound impactor, which can enable the piston hammer to obtain a larger impulse through a reasonable flow channel design, and improve the effective impact force reaching the drill bit.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is to provide a compound impactor, the housing of which has an accommodation cavity;

[0007] A liquid inlet cylinder is assembled to one end of the housing; the liquid inlet cylinder has at least a single first liquid inlet hole;

[0008] A first rotating assembly is disposed in the accommodation cavity and includes a first bearing structure and a plurality of first diversion structures assembled on the first bearing structure; the first bearing structure is fixed to the liquid inlet cylinder;

[0009] Wherein, each of the first diversion structures has a first liquid inlet channel communicating with the first liquid inlet hole, a collecting flow channel communicating with the first liquid inlet channel, and a first diversion flow channel and a second diversion flow channel formed by splitting through the collecting flow channel, and the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail opening of the first diversion flow channel is less than the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail opening of the second diversion flow channel;

[0010] An impact assembly includes a piston hammer and an impact body connected to the liquid inlet cylinder and penetrating through the first rotating assembly, and the piston hammer is movably disposed in the impact body;

[0011] The impact body has a second liquid inlet hole, and the drilling fluid that enters the impact body through the second liquid inlet hole after passing through the first liquid inlet channel, the collecting channel and the first branching channel pushes the piston hammer to move in the impact body.

[0012] In one embodiment, it further includes a switch structure fixed on the first rotating assembly, the switch structure including a sealing portion;

[0013] The first flow-guiding structure further has a second liquid inlet channel; the second liquid inlet channel is connected to the first liquid inlet hole;

[0014] The first rotating assembly further comprises a second flow guiding structure sleeved on the impact body and a first rotating collar fixed to the switch structure, and the first rotating collar is sleeved on the outside of the second flow guiding structure and forms a first gap with the second flow guiding structure; wherein at least a single first stopper is fixed on the inner peripheral side wall of the first rotating collar, and at least a single first flow guiding portion in contact with the first stopper is fixed on the outer side wall of the second flow guiding structure;

[0015] The impact body is provided with a first liquid outlet hole. After the drilling fluid in the impact body enters the second guide structure through the first liquid outlet hole, it flows out from the first drainage part and pushes the first stop part on the first rotating ring to rotate clockwise. When the switch structure rotates with the first rotating ring, the sealing part moves away from the opening of the second liquid inlet channel, and the drilling fluid in the first liquid inlet hole of the liquid inlet cylinder flows out along the second diversion channel through the second liquid inlet channel; the drilling fluid in the first gap flows out to the outside of the composite impactor.

[0016] In one embodiment, it further includes a second rotating assembly fixed to the first rotating assembly, and the first rotating assembly is located between the second rotating assembly and the switch structure;

[0017] Wherein, the second rotating assembly includes a third flow guiding structure and has a first reflux channel extending and connected to the third flow guiding structure; the first reflux channel can be connected to the liquid outlet of the second flow diversion channel; the third flow guiding structure is attached to the end of the impact body;

[0018] The drilling fluid in the second flow diversion channel flows back into the impact body from the first return channel through the third flow guide structure and pushes the piston hammer to return to its initial position.

[0019] In one embodiment, a first mounting hole is formed in the middle of the second diversion structure, and the second diversion structure is sleeved on the impact body in such a way that the impact body is inserted into the first mounting hole;

[0020] The second diversion structure also has at least a single first liquid outlet channel communicating with the first liquid outlet hole, and both ends of the first liquid outlet channel are respectively formed on the hole wall surface of the first mounting hole and the peripheral part of the first diversion part, and the openings face the flowing direction of the drilling fluid along the first gap;

[0021] The drilling fluid in the impact body flows into the first gap after passing through the first liquid outlet channel from the first liquid outlet hole.

[0022] In one embodiment, during the process of the drilling fluid flowing out of the liquid outlet hole of the first diversion part pushing the first stop part to rotate, a first gap with a gradually increasing arc length value is enclosed between the first diversion part, the first stop part, the first rotating collar and the second diversion structure;

[0023] At least a single buckle part spaced from the first diversion part is fixed on the outer side wall of the second diversion structure and has a notch communicating with the opening of the buckle part, and when the first stop part presses against the buckle part, the liquid outlet hole of the first diversion part discharges to the outside of the compound impactor through the notch and the opening of the buckle part via the first gap.

[0024] In one embodiment, a second return channel engaged with the first return channel is formed on the surface of the third diversion structure;

[0025] The end of the impact body has an opening, and the third diversion structure is installed on the impact body in such a way that the end of the impact body is embedded in the installation groove, and a gap is reserved between the end of the impact body and the bottom of the installation groove so that the second return channel, the installation groove and the inner cavity of the impact body are sequentially communicated;

[0026] The drilling fluid in the first return channel flows back into the inner cavity of the impact body from the second return channel.

[0027] In one embodiment, the second rotating assembly further includes a second rotating collar fixed to the switch structure and a fourth diversion structure sleeved on the impact body. The fourth diversion structure is located above the third diversion structure, and the second rotating collar is sleeved outside the fourth diversion structure and forms a second gap with the fourth diversion structure; wherein, at least a single second stop part is fixed on the inner peripheral side wall of the second rotating collar, and at least a single second diversion part fitting with the second stop part is fixed on the outer side wall of the fourth diversion structure;

[0028] When the drilling fluid in the second diversion channel enters the second gap, it pushes the second stop part to rotate, so that the second rotating collar drives the switch structure to rotate counterclockwise.

[0029] In one embodiment, the impact body further has a second liquid outlet hole; the compound impactor further includes:

[0030] A drainage ring, located between the second diversion structure and the fourth diversion structure; a second liquid outlet channel communicating with the second liquid outlet hole is provided on the drainage ring, and the drilling fluid flowing back into the impact body flows out of the second liquid outlet hole of the drainage ring through the second liquid outlet channel of the drainage ring to the outside of the compound impactor.

[0031] A drainage groove communicating with the first gap drainage port is provided on the drainage ring, and the drilling fluid flowing out of the first diversion channel flows out from the first gap of the second diversion structure and then converges into the second liquid outlet channel through the drainage groove provided on the drainage ring, and then flows out to the outside of the compound impactor.

[0032] In one embodiment, the piston hammer is a three-section solid cylindrical structure with diameters decreasing sequentially from top to bottom, and the cylindrical surface of the upper section is closely attached to the inner wall of the impact body.

[0033] In one embodiment, there are two first diversion structures, and the two first diversion structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the impact body.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The internal flow channels of the multiple first diversion structures of the present invention are uniquely designed, having a first liquid inlet channel, a flow collecting channel, a first diversion channel and a second diversion channel, and the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail opening of the first diversion channel is less than the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail opening of the second diversion channel; according to the Coanda effect, the drilling fluid flows into the first diversion channel after passing through the flow collecting channel from the first liquid inlet hole. A second liquid inlet hole is provided on the impact body of the present invention, and the drilling fluid impacts the piston hammer from the top of the piston hammer through the second liquid inlet hole and the flow channels inside the impact body.

[0036] The flow path of the first diversion structure of the present invention can reduce the energy loss of the drilling fluid, and by designing at least two first diversion structures, it is realized that the drilling fluid enters the flow channels of each first diversion structure in multiple paths, and then converges at the top of the piston hammer and impacts the piston hammer simultaneously. After the drilling fluid enters the first diversion channel, the drilling fluid pressure increases synchronously. When the multiple paths of drilling fluid converge again at the top of the piston hammer, a greater impact force will be generated, enabling the piston hammer to obtain a greater impulse, and the impact acceleration effect is obvious.

[0037] After the drilling fluid of the present invention completes the impact on the piston hammer, it can enter the second diversion structure of the present invention, and through the unique flow channel design and structural cooperation in the second diversion structure of the present invention, the reuse of the energy of the drilling fluid is realized, and the rotation of the switching structure can be achieved. At the same time, due to the rotation of the switching structure of the present invention, the drilling fluid in the first diversion structure enters the second diversion channel, providing conditions for the reset of the piston hammer. In the present invention, through a special flow channel design, the piston hammer can be automatically reset under the action of the drilling fluid, avoiding the problem that the existing compound impactor is prone to reducing the axial impact force when using a spring for reset. At the same time, the present invention does not have easily damaged parts such as turbines and screws, as well as components such as rubber, and is more suitable for high-temperature environments in deep wells and ultra-deep wells.

[0038] The present invention not only provides an axial power for the drilling process, but also can provide a circumferential torque. When the drill bit is stuck, this mechanism can assist the entire drill bit to break through the frictional torque, ensuring the normal operation of the drill bit. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switching structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first diversion structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the first bearing structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the first bearing structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the second bearing structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the second diversion structure of a compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 10It is a sectional view of the second diversion structure A-A of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drainage ring of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth diversion structure of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the third diversion structure of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the first rotating collar of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the second rotating collar of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the piston hammer of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 17 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impact body of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the second diversion structure and the first rotating collar of the compound impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Reference numerals:

[0058] 1. Compound impactor; 10. Liquid inlet cylinder; 100. First liquid inlet hole; 11. Housing; 110. Accommodation cavity; 111. First rotating housing; 112. Second rotating housing; 12. Liquid outlet cylinder; 13. Switch structure; 130. Sealing part; 14. First rotating assembly; 140. First bearing structure; 141. Second bearing structure; 142. First diversion structure; 1420. First liquid inlet channel; 1421. Second liquid inlet channel; 1422. Confluence channel; 1423. First shunt channel; 1423a. Drainage hole of second shunt channel; 1424. Second shunt channel; 143. Second diversion structure; 1430. First drainage part; 1431. Hook part; 1431a. Notch; 1432. First liquid outlet channel; 1433. Liquid outlet of first liquid outlet channel; 144. First rotating collar; 1440. First stop part; 145. Third liquid inlet channel; 15. Impact body; 151. Impact shaft; 1511. Second liquid inlet hole; 152. Impact joint; 1521. First liquid outlet hole; 1522. Second liquid outlet hole; 16. Piston hammer; 17. Second rotating assembly; 171. Third diversion structure; 1711. Second return channel; 1712. Installation groove; 172. Second rotating collar; 1720. Second stop part; 173. Fourth diversion structure; 1731. Drainage groove; 18. Drainage ring, 181. Liquid drainage groove. Detailed implementation mode

[0059] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation modes. It should be understood that the specific implementation modes described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0060] This embodiment provides a compound impactor for deep well and ultra-deep well drilling operations of petroleum and natural gas. As Figure 1 shown, the upper section of the compound impactor 1 in this embodiment is a liquid inlet cylinder 10, the middle section is a hollow housing 11, and the lower section is a liquid outlet cylinder 12. The drill bit is located at the bottom of the liquid outlet cylinder 12; the housing 11 of the compound impactor 1 has an accommodation cavity 110, and its shape can be cylindrical. The liquid inlet cylinder 10 is assembled to one end of the housing 11 and has a first liquid inlet hole 100; a first rotating assembly 14 is placed in the accommodation cavity 110 and includes a first bearing structure 140 and a plurality of first diversion structures 142 assembled on the first bearing structure 140. The first bearing structure 140 is fixed to the liquid inlet cylinder 10, and the number of the first liquid inlet holes 100 can match the number of the first diversion structures 142 so that the drilling fluid enters each first diversion structure 142. Please refer to Figure 5, each first diversion structure 142 has a first liquid inlet passage 1420 communicating with the first liquid inlet hole 100, a flow - collecting passage 1422 communicating with the first liquid inlet passage 1420, and a first diversion flow passage 1423 and a second diversion flow passage 1424 formed by diversion via the flow - collecting passage 1422. And the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet passage 1420 to the tail opening of the first diversion flow passage 1423 is less than the distance value from the head opening of the first liquid inlet passage 1420 to the tail opening of the second diversion flow passage 1424. According to the Coanda effect, obviously, the drilling fluid flows from the first liquid inlet hole 100 into the first diversion flow passage 1423 after passing through the flow - collecting passage 1422. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the first diversion flow passage 1423 is smaller than the inner diameter of the flow - collecting passage 1422, so that the pressure of the drilling fluid increases after entering the first diversion flow passage 1423. As another preferred way, the inner diameter of the second diversion flow passage 1424 is also smaller than the inner diameter of the flow - collecting passage 1422. In this embodiment, the head end and the tail end are based on the fluid flow direction, that is, the fluid inlet end is the head end and the outlet end is the tail end. The drilling fluid in this embodiment can be water or other suitable fluids.

[0061] The impact assembly of this embodiment includes a piston hammer 16 and an impact body 15 connected to the liquid inlet cylinder 10 and passing through the first rotating assembly 14. The piston hammer 16 is movably disposed within the impact body 15. Among them, the impact body 15 has a second liquid inlet hole 1511. After flowing from the first liquid inlet hole 100 through the first liquid inlet passage 1420, the flow - collecting passage 1422 and the first diversion flow passage 1423, the drilling fluid entering the impact body 15 through the second liquid inlet hole 1511 pushes the piston hammer 16 to move downward and impact within the impact body 15.

[0062] In this embodiment, a plurality of first diversion structures 142 are arranged on a circumference centered on the central axis of the impact body 15, which can apply multiple uniform axial impact forces on the piston hammer 16 from top to bottom, improving the impact efficiency. As an example, as Figure 3 shown, there are two first diversion structures 142, and the two first diversion structures 142 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the impact body 15.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 17 , the impact body 15 of this embodiment includes an impact shaft 151 and an impact joint 152, and the impact shaft 151 is thread - connected to the impact joint 152. The diameter of the impact joint 152 is larger than the diameter of the impact shaft 151. The piston hammer 16 is located within the impact joint 152. The impact shaft 151 is provided with a second liquid inlet hole 1511, and the impact joint 152 is sequentially designed with a first liquid outlet hole 1521 and a second liquid outlet hole 1522 along the height direction.

[0064] In this embodiment, by designing a plurality of first diversion structures 142, the drilling fluid in the liquid inlet cylinder 10 is diverted to the top of the piston hammer 16. During this process, the drilling fluid enters the plurality of first diversion structures 142 respectively, and the inner diameter of each first diversion channel 1423 is smaller than that of the confluence channel 1422. Therefore, the pressure of the drilling fluid increases. When the multiple paths of drilling fluid converge again at the top of the piston hammer 16, a greater impact force will be generated, enabling the piston hammer 16 to obtain a greater impulse and achieving the impact purpose of the piston hammer 16.

[0065] In one implementation, in order to regulate the flow direction of the drilling fluid entering the confluence channel 1422, the compound impactor 1 of this embodiment further includes a switch structure 13 fixed on the first rotating assembly 14 and including a sealing portion 130; please refer to again Figure 5 , the first diversion structure 142 of this embodiment further has a second liquid inlet channel 1421 that converges with the first liquid inlet channel 1420 into the confluence channel 1422, and the first end opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 can be blocked by the sealing portion 130. The second liquid inlet channel 1421 can communicate with the first liquid inlet hole 100. As an example, as Figure 3 shown, there is a drilling fluid storage cavity at the bottom end of the first liquid inlet hole 100, the top end of the first liquid inlet channel 1420, and the top end of the second liquid inlet channel 1421. During the rotation of the switch structure 13, the first end opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 can be blocked or opened. When the first end opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 is opened, the drilling fluid enters the second liquid inlet channel 1421; when the sealing portion 130 of the switch structure 13 blocks the first end opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421, the drilling fluid enters the first diversion channel 1423 from the first liquid inlet channel 1420 through the confluence channel 1422 under the Coanda effect; when the first end opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 is opened, the drilling fluid will enter the second diversion channel 1424 from the second liquid inlet channel 1421 through the confluence channel 1422; when the drilling fluid enters the second diversion channel 1424, it will provide an opportunity for the piston hammer 16 to reset.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 6 illustrates the structure of the first bearing structure 140 in one implementation. Figure 7 Illustrates a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the first bearing structure 140 in one implementation. Figure 8The schematic diagram of the structure of the second bearing structure 141 under an embodiment is illustrated. In this embodiment, a semi-cylindrical groove with the same radius and length is designed on the lower surface of the first bearing structure 140 and the upper surface of the second bearing structure 141. After the two are spliced, the two semi-cylindrical grooves can just form a third liquid inlet channel 145. One end of the third liquid inlet channel 145 is connected to the second branch flow channel 1424, and the other end is connected to the second liquid inlet hole 1511 on the impact shaft 151 of the impact body 15. The third liquid inlet channel 145 is divided into two parts for processing and design, which can simplify its production and processing process. As a preferred embodiment, the splicing gap of the third liquid inlet channel 145 is sealed to avoid leakage of drilling fluid and energy loss of drilling fluid.

[0067] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shell 11 of the composite impactor 1 of this embodiment includes an outer shell and an inner shell; the inner shell is formed by connecting the first rotating shell 111, the first rotating ring 144, the second rotating shell 112 and the second rotating ring 172 in sequence, and the outer shell is sleeved on the outside of the inner shell and fixedly connected to the liquid inlet cylinder 10. In this embodiment, the switch structure 13 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shell 111, and the first rotating shell 111, the first rotating ring 144, the second rotating shell 112 and the second rotating ring 172 are fixedly connected as a whole. The switch structure 13 can rotate with the rotation of the inner shell. In this embodiment, the sealing part 130 blocks and opens the head end of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 through the rotation of the switch structure 13, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is an example of the switch structure 13, Figure 4 The middle sealing portion 130 is a protruding structure, and its peripheral side is a hollow structure. Therefore, as the switch structure 13 rotates, the switching of the sealing portion 130 and the hollow structure can achieve the blocking and opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421; in order to realize the rotation of the switch structure 13, the first rotating assembly 14 of this embodiment also includes a second guide structure 143 sleeved on the impact body 15 and a first rotating ring 144 fixed to the switch structure 13, and the first rotating ring 144 is sleeved on the outside of the second guide structure 143, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 18 Schematic diagram of a first rotating ring 144 sleeved on the outside of the second flow guiding structure 143 in one embodiment.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 14 At least one first stopper 1440 is fixed to the inner side wall of the first rotating ring 144. Figure 9 and Figure 10The outer wall of the second guide structure 143 is fixed with at least a single first guide portion 1430 that fits with the first stop portion 1440; in this embodiment, the inner wall of the first rotating ring 144, the outer wall of the second guide structure 143, the first guide portion 1430, and the first stop portion 1440 jointly enclose and form a first gap.

[0069] The drilling fluid in the impact body 15 enters the second flow guide structure 143 through the first liquid outlet hole 1521 on the inner wall of the impact body 15, flows out from the first flow guide part 1430 into the first gap and pushes the first stopper 1440 of the first rotating ring 144 to rotate. During the rotation, the sealing part 130 moves away from the opening of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 when the switch structure 13 rotates with the first rotating ring 144, and the drilling fluid in the first liquid inlet hole 100 flows into the second diversion channel 1424 through the second liquid inlet channel 1421. Please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the second guide structure 143 and the first rotating ring 144 in the initial state, that is, the drilling fluid has not yet flowed out from the first drainage part 1430, the first stop part 1440 and the first drainage part 1430 are in a fitted state, and the first gap is the smallest at this time. As the drilling fluid flows in, the arc length of the first gap will increase as the distance between the first stop part 1440 and the first drainage part 1430 increases.

[0070] In one embodiment, in order to achieve the reset of the piston hammer 16, the embodiment further includes a second rotating assembly 17 partially fixed to the first rotating assembly 14; the first rotating assembly 14 is located between the second rotating assembly 17 and the switch structure 13;

[0071] The second rotating assembly 17 includes a third flow guiding structure 171 and has a first reflux channel extending and connected to the third flow guiding structure 171; the first reflux channel can be connected to the liquid outlet of the second flow diversion channel 1424; the third flow guiding structure 171 is attached to the end of the impact body 15;

[0072] The drilling fluid in the second diversion channel 1424 flows back from the first return channel to the impact body 15 through the third diversion structure 171 and pushes the piston hammer 16 back to its initial position. In this embodiment, as the switch structure 13 rotates, under the Coanda effect, the drilling fluid is diverted to the second diversion channel 1424, and then the drilling fluid is diverted from the second diversion channel 1424 to the third diversion structure 171 through the vertically connected channels and enters the impact body 15 from the bottom of the piston hammer 16, realizing the automatic reset of the piston hammer 16. Compared with the prior art, in this embodiment, through the special channel design of the first diversion structure 142, the switch structure 13, and the vertical connection design of the second diversion channel 1424 and the third diversion structure 171, the automatic reset of the piston hammer 16 is realized, the spring is omitted, and the energy of the drilling fluid is fully utilized. At the same time, since there is no buffer structure such as a spring for reset at the bottom of the piston hammer 16, the resistance of the piston hammer 16 during downward impact by the buffer structure such as a spring is avoided, so the axial impact force of the piston hammer 16 is further improved.

[0073] In one embodiment, a first mounting hole is provided in the middle of the second diversion structure 143, and the second diversion structure 143 is sleeved on the impact body 15 in such a way that the impact body 15 is inserted into the first mounting hole; as a more specific way, the first mounting hole is a threaded hole. During installation, the impact body 15 is fixed at the bottom of the liquid inlet cylinder 10, and threaded holes are designed in the middle of the first bearing structure 140, the second bearing structure 141, and the second diversion structure 143, and the impact body 15 is threadedly connected to the first bearing structure 140 and the second diversion structure 143.

[0074] The second diversion structure 143 of this embodiment also has at least a single first liquid outlet channel 1432 communicating with the first liquid outlet hole 1521, and the two ends of the first liquid outlet channel 1432 are respectively located on the hole wall of the first mounting hole and the peripheral side of the first diversion part 1430, and the openings face the flowing direction of the drilling fluid along the first gap; the first mounting hole communicates with the first liquid outlet hole 1521 of the impact body 15.

[0075] The drilling fluid in the impact body 15 flows into the first gap after passing through the first liquid outlet channel 1432 from the first liquid outlet hole 1521. So that the flowing drilling fluid can better impact the first stop part 1440 and make the first rotating collar 144 rotate.

[0076] In one embodiment, during the process of the drilling fluid flowing out from the liquid outlet hole of the first diversion part 1430 pushing the first stop part 1440 to rotate, a first gap with an increasingly larger arc length value is formed by enclosing between the first diversion part 1430, the first stop part 1440, the first rotating collar 144, and the second diversion structure 143;

[0077] At least a single snap portion 1431 spaced from the first drainage portion 1430 is fixed on the outer sidewall of the second diversion structure 143, and there is a notch 1431a communicating with the opening of the snap portion 1431. When the first stop portion 1440 presses against the snap portion 1431, the first liquid outlet hole 1521 is discharged to the outside of the compound impactor 1 from the first gap through the notch 1431a and the opening of the snap portion 1431. It should be noted that in this embodiment, when the first stop portion 1440 does not abut against the snap portion 1431 on the second diversion structure 143, the opening is located outside the first gap; when the first stop portion 1440 abuts against the snap portion 1431 on the second diversion structure 143, the opening is exactly exposed in the first gap. It should be noted that when the first stop portion 1440 abuts against the snap portion 1431 on the second diversion structure 143, the second diversion structure 143 will be impacted by the drilling fluid. At the same time, since the second diversion structure 143 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet cylinder 10 through the impact body 15, and the second diversion structure 143 will provide torque to the liquid inlet cylinder 10 when being impacted by the drilling fluid, and the liquid inlet cylinder 10 is fixed to the outer casing, this torque will be transmitted to the outer casing. When the outer casing gets stuck during drilling, this torque will assist the outer casing to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of assisting the drill bit to break through the frictional torque with the borehole wall. If the second diversion structure 143 and the impact body 15 are connected by threads, the torque direction is the same as the thread direction to transmit the torque.

[0078] Figure 10 FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of the second diversion structure 143. As can be seen from the figure, a liquid outlet 1433 of the first liquid outlet channel is provided on the first drainage portion 1430.

[0079] In this embodiment, a second return channel 1711 engaged with the first return channel and an installation groove 1712 communicating with the second return channel 1711 are formed on the surface of the third diversion structure 171; the end of the impact body 15 has an opening, and the third diversion structure 171 is installed on the impact body 15 in such a way that the end of the impact body 15 is embedded in the installation groove 1712, and a gap is reserved between the end of the impact body 15 and the bottom of the installation groove 1712, so that the second return channel 1711, the installation groove 1712 and the inner cavity of the impact body 15 are sequentially communicated;

[0080] The drilling fluid flows back into the inner cavity of the impact body 15 from the second return channel 1711.

[0081] In one embodiment, the second rotating assembly 17 further includes a second rotating ring 172 fixed to the switch structure 13 and a fourth flow guiding structure 173 sleeved on the impact body 15, the fourth flow guiding structure 173 is located above the third flow guiding structure 171, and the second rotating ring 172 is arranged outside the fourth flow guiding structure 173, and a second gap is formed between the second rotating ring 172 and the fourth flow guiding structure 173; wherein, please refer to Figure 15 At least one second stopper 1720 is fixed to the inner side wall of the second rotating ring 172. Figure 12 The outer wall of the fourth guide structure 173 is fixed with at least one second guide portion that is in contact with the second stop portion 1720 .

[0082] When the drilling fluid enters the second gap through the second drainage portion, it pushes the second stopper 1720 to rotate, so that the second rotating ring 172 drives the switch structure 13 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0083] In this embodiment, the fourth flow guiding structure 173, the second rotating ring 172, the second flow guiding portion on the fourth flow guiding structure 173, and the second stopper 1720 on the inner wall of the second rotating ring 172 jointly form a second gap. The drilling fluid enters the fourth flow guiding structure 173 from the second diversion channel 1424 and flows into the second gap from the fourth flow guiding structure 173 to promote the second rotating ring 172 to rotate. The second rotating ring 172 is fixed to the switch structure 13, so the rotation of the second rotating ring 172 can realize the reset of the switch structure 13.

[0084] In one embodiment, the second reflux channel 1711 opened on the surface of the third guide structure 171 is connected to the outlet of the second gap of the fourth guide structure 173 through the drainage groove 1731, and the drilling fluid enters the second reflux channel 1711 from the outlet of the second gap of the fourth guide structure 173 and flows back into the inner cavity of the impact body 15.

[0085] In one embodiment, the impact body 15 further has at least a single second liquid outlet hole 1522;

[0086] The drainage ring 18 is located between the second flow guiding structure 143 and the fourth flow guiding structure 173; the drainage ring 18 is provided with a second liquid outlet channel connected to the second liquid outlet hole 1522. The drilling fluid that flows back into the impact body 15 flows out from the second liquid outlet hole 1522 to the outside of the composite impactor through the second liquid outlet channel of the drainage ring 18. The drilling fluid that enters the fourth flow guiding structure 173 from the second branch flow channel 1424 also flows into the drainage ring 18 after flowing out of the second gap, and is discharged to the outside of the composite impactor through the second liquid outlet channel of the drainage ring 18. Figure 11The structure of the drainage ring 18 in an embodiment. It should be noted that Figure 11 The holes on the side surface of the drainage ring 18 are the processing holes of the second liquid outlet channel. In the assembled composite impactor, this hole is blocked by the inner housing outside it and does not serve as a drainage hole.

[0087] Such as Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 11 And Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first bearing structure 140, the second bearing structure 141, the second diversion structure 143, the drainage ring 18 and the fourth diversion structure 173 are also provided with second diversion channel drainage holes 1423a communicating with the second diversion channel 1424.

[0088] In one of the embodiments, the piston hammer 16 is a three-stage solid cylindrical structure with diameters decreasing successively from top to bottom, and the cylindrical surface of the upper section is in close contact with the inner wall of the impact body 15. Please refer to Figure 16 The second liquid outlet hole 1522. The piston hammer 16 in this embodiment is a three-stage solid cylindrical structure, which is stepped from top to bottom with the radius decreasing gradually. The upper section is in close contact with the inner wall of the impact joint 152, preventing the drilling fluid from directly discharging from the first liquid outlet hole 1521 on the inner wall of the impact joint 152, and also preventing it from constantly colliding with the inner wall of the impact joint 152 during the impact reset process. The radius of the middle section and the lower section is smaller than the inner wall of the impact joint 152, which can prevent the water remaining in the lower part of the piston hammer 16 from hindering the next cycle of impact of the piston hammer 16 during the reset process of the piston hammer 16.

[0089] Please refer to again Figure 2 And Figure 3The impact body 15 of this embodiment includes an impact shaft 151 and an impact joint 152, wherein the piston hammer 16 is installed in the hollow cavity of the impact joint 152 and can move axially. When the sealing portion 130 of the switch structure 13 blocks the second liquid inlet channel 1421, due to the Condal effect, the drilling fluid enters the impact shaft 151 of the impact body 15 along the first branch flow channel 1423 on the right side of the first flow guide structure 142. The impact shaft 151 is designed with a second liquid inlet hole 1511 and a drilling fluid flow channel inside. The drilling fluid flows from the impact shaft 151 to the top of the piston hammer 16, impacting the piston hammer 16, thereby impacting the piston hammer 16 to move downward. Afterwards, the drilling fluid flows from the first liquid outlet hole 1521 into the second flow guide structure 143, and flows out from the first flow guide portion 1430. To the first gap, as the drilling fluid continues to flow in, the drilling fluid will push the first stopper 1440 and the first drainage part 1430 on the first rotating ring 144 to move and increase the distance between the two. In this process, the first rotating ring 144 and the second diversion structure 143 rotate. If the rotation direction is clockwise, since the first rotating ring 144 is connected to the switch structure 13, the switch structure 13 also rotates in the clockwise direction, so that the liquid inlet of the second liquid inlet channel 1421 is exposed. It can be seen from the Candal effect that the drilling fluid will then flow out of the second diversion flow channel 1424. When the first stopper 1440 of the first rotating ring 144 collides with the hook part 1431 of the second diversion structure 143, the drilling fluid will flow into the drainage groove 181 of the drainage ring 18 along the flow channel of the second diversion structure 143, and directly flow into the drainage channel through the drainage groove 181, and flow out of the composite impactor. The drilling fluid flowing in from the second diversion flow channel 1424 will pass through the second flow guide structure 143 and the drainage ring 18 and enter the second gap of the fourth flow guide structure 173. When the drilling fluid flows into the fourth flow guide structure 173, the reverse rotation of the switch structure 13 is controlled by a structure and principle similar to the first rotating ring 144 and the second flow guide structure 143, thereby driving the switch structure 13 to return to its original position. After the second flow guide portion of the fourth flow guide structure 173 collides with the second stop portion 1720 of the second rotating ring 172, the drilling fluid flows into the third flow guide structure 171 and finally converges to the bottom of the impact body 15, thereby impacting the piston hammer 16 upward, so that the piston hammer 16 is restored. After the piston hammer 16 returns to its original position, the drilling fluid flows into the drainage ring 18 through the second fluid outlet hole 1522 of the impact joint 152, and finally flows out of the composite impactor. The drilling fluid that has not been discharged below the second fluid outlet hole 1522 will be lifted up and discharged from the second fluid outlet hole 1522 through the drainage ring 18 when the piston hammer 16 impacts downward in the next cycle. At this point, one cycle is completed.

[0090] The compound impactor of this embodiment can not only enable the piston hammer to obtain a greater impulse and improve the effective impact force reaching the drill bit, but also utilize the impact force of the drilling fluid to rotate the outer casing to provide torque. The compound impactor designed in this embodiment neither has the problem of poor blade strength and easy damage of the existing turbine compound impactor, nor has the problems of high processing difficulty, high cost, easy wear due to mutual contact of the screw compounder, and the problem that some stators of the existing compound impactor use rubber, and the physical and chemical properties will change under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of deep formations, making it difficult to meet the use requirements.

[0091] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite impactor, characterized in that: include: A housing having a receiving cavity; A liquid inlet cylinder, assembled to one end of the housing; The liquid inlet cylinder has at least a single first liquid inlet hole; A first rotating assembly is placed in the accommodating cavity and includes a first bearing structure and a plurality of first flow guiding structures mounted on the first bearing structure; the first bearing structure is fixed to the liquid inlet cylinder; Wherein, each of the first flow-guiding structures comprises a first liquid inlet channel connected to the first liquid inlet hole, a collecting channel connected to the first liquid inlet channel, and a first flow-dividing channel and a second flow-dividing channel formed by diverting the flow through the collecting channel, and the distance from the head end opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail end opening of the first flow-dividing channel is smaller than the distance from the head end opening of the first liquid inlet channel to the tail end opening of the second flow-dividing channel; An impact assembly, comprising a piston hammer and an impact body connected to the liquid inlet cylinder and penetrating the first rotating assembly, wherein the piston hammer is movably disposed in the impact body; The impact body has a second liquid inlet hole, and the drilling fluid that enters the impact body through the second liquid inlet hole after passing through the first liquid inlet channel, the collecting flow channel and the first branching flow channel pushes the piston hammer to move in the impact body; Also included is a switch structure fixed on the first rotating assembly, the switch structure including a sealing portion; The first flow-guiding structure further has a second liquid inlet channel; the second liquid inlet channel is connected to the first liquid inlet hole; The first rotating assembly further comprises a second flow guiding structure sleeved on the impact body and a first rotating collar fixed to the switch structure, and the first rotating collar is sleeved on the outside of the second flow guiding structure and forms a first gap with the second flow guiding structure; wherein at least a single first stopper is fixed on the inner peripheral side wall of the first rotating collar, and at least a single first flow guiding portion in contact with the first stopper is fixed on the outer side wall of the second flow guiding structure; The impact body is provided with a first liquid outlet hole. After the drilling fluid in the impact body enters the second guide structure through the first liquid outlet hole, it flows out from the first drainage part and pushes the first stop part on the first rotating ring to rotate clockwise. When the switch structure rotates with the first rotating ring, the sealing part moves away from the opening of the second liquid inlet channel, and the drilling fluid in the first liquid inlet hole of the liquid inlet cylinder flows out along the second diversion channel through the second liquid inlet channel; the drilling fluid in the first gap flows out to the outside of the composite impactor.

2. The composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a second rotating assembly fixed to the first rotating assembly, and the first rotating assembly is located between the second rotating assembly and the switch structure; Wherein, the second rotating assembly includes a third flow guiding structure and has a first reflux channel extending and connected to the third flow guiding structure; the first reflux channel is connected to the liquid outlet of the second flow diversion channel; the third flow guiding structure is attached to the end of the impact body; The drilling fluid in the second branch flow channel flows back into the impact body from the first reflux channel through the third flow guide structure and pushes the piston hammer to return to its initial position.

3. The composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first mounting hole is opened in the middle of the second flow-guiding structure, and the second flow-guiding structure is sleeved on the impact body in a manner that the impact body is inserted into the first mounting hole; The second flow guiding structure also has at least one first liquid outlet channel connected to the first liquid outlet hole, and openings at both ends of the first liquid outlet channel are respectively formed on the hole wall surface of the first mounting hole and the peripheral side of the first drainage portion, and the openings face the flow direction of the drilling fluid along the first gap; The drilling fluid in the impact body flows into the first gap from the first fluid outlet hole through the first fluid outlet channel.

4. The composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the drilling fluid flowing out of the outlet hole of the first drainage part drives the first stopper to rotate, the first drainage part, the first stopper, the first rotating sleeve and the second drainage structure enclose a first gap with a gradually increasing arc length; At least one hook portion is fixed on the outer wall of the second guide structure, which is arranged at an interval with the first drainage portion and has a notch connected to the opening of the hook portion, and when the first stop portion is pressed against the hook portion, the liquid outlet hole of the first drainage portion is discharged from the first gap through the notch and the opening of the hook portion to the outside of the composite impactor.

5. The composite impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the third flow guiding structure is provided with a second return flow channel connected with the first return flow channel; The end of the impact body has an opening, and the third flow guide structure is installed on the impact body in a manner that the end of the impact body is embedded in the mounting groove, and a gap is reserved between the end of the impact body and the bottom of the mounting groove, so that the second reflux channel, the mounting groove and the inner cavity of the impact body are sequentially connected; The drilling fluid in the first reflux channel flows back into the inner cavity of the impact body from the second reflux channel.

6. The composite impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second rotating assembly further comprises a second rotating collar fixed to the switch structure and a fourth flow guiding structure sleeved on the impact body, the fourth flow guiding structure is located above the third flow guiding structure, the second rotating collar is sleeved on the outside of the fourth flow guiding structure, and a second gap is formed between the second rotating collar and the fourth flow guiding structure; wherein at least a single second stopper is fixed to the inner peripheral side wall of the second rotating collar, and at least a single second flow guiding portion in contact with the second stopper is fixed to the outer side wall of the fourth flow guiding structure; When the drilling fluid in the second flow branch channel enters the second gap, it pushes the second stopper to rotate, so that the second rotating ring drives the switch structure to rotate counterclockwise.

7. The composite impactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The impact body also has a second liquid outlet; the composite impactor also includes: A drainage ring is located between the second flow guiding structure and the fourth flow guiding structure; the drainage ring is provided with a second liquid outlet channel connected with the second liquid outlet hole, and the drilling fluid flowing back into the impact body flows out from the second liquid outlet hole to the outside of the composite impactor through the second liquid outlet channel of the drainage ring; The drainage ring is provided with a drainage groove connected to the first gap drainage port. The drilling fluid flowing out of the first diversion channel flows out from the first gap of the second guide structure, then flows into the second liquid outlet channel from the drainage groove provided on the drainage ring, and then flows out to the outside of the composite impactor.

8. The composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston hammer is a three-section solid cylindrical structure with diameters decreasing from top to bottom, and the cylindrical surface of the upper section is in close contact with the inner wall of the impact body.

9. The composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two first flow-guiding structures, and the two first flow-guiding structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the impact body.

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