Aero-engine fuel nozzle cleaning structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aero-engines, and discloses an aero-engine fuel nozzle cleaning structure. The spherical valve and the second spherical valve are connected together through the connecting rod to form a duplex valve and form a sealing structure with the valve seat, the spring provides pre-pressing force for the duplex valve, and the electromagnet is used for disconnecting an inlet-fuel nozzle oil way and communicating an atmospheric environment-fuel nozzle oil way under the condition of power failure. The first spherical valve and the second spherical valve overcome spring force to move leftwards under the action of the connecting rod, connection between the fuel nozzle oil way and the atmospheric environment is cut off, meanwhile, the inlet oil way is communicated with the fuel nozzle, fuel flows to the fuel nozzle from an inlet through the valve seat, and the fuel nozzle works. The electromagnet is controlled to be powered on and powered off, fuel nozzle oil supply and fuel nozzle residual oil removal can be achieved, and the problems that when the fuel nozzle works, a residual oil removal bypass discharges oil at the same time, the flow of the fuel nozzle is affected, a large amount of discharged oil is inconvenient to collect, and the useless power consumption of a system is large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of aero-engines, relates to the structure of a fuel system, and relates to a cleaning structure for a fuel nozzle of an aero-engine. Background Art

[0002] The fuel nozzle is a core component of the combustion chamber of an aero-engine. Its function is to atomize fuel, accelerate the formation of a mixture, ensure temperature combustion, and improve combustion efficiency. After the engine stops, the fuel nozzle stops working. Under the action of the relatively high remaining temperature in the combustion chamber, the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is prone to coking and carbonization, resulting in blockage of the fuel nozzle flow path, poor fuel atomization performance of the fuel nozzle, affecting the service life of the fuel nozzle and the reliability of engine starting and ignition.

[0003] To solve the above problems, the commonly adopted method is to set a three-way bypass at the front end of the fuel nozzle. This bypass is equipped with a throttling device and leads to the engine's surplus oil collection system. When the engine is working, the fuel is divided into two paths at the three-way bypass. One path flows to the fuel nozzle for engine fuel injection and combustion; the other path is discharged into the engine's surplus oil collection system after passing through the three-way bypass and the throttling device. The throttling device ensures that the fuel flow rate supplied to the fuel nozzle meets the requirements. During the engine shutdown process, the fuel supply stops, and the gas pressure in the combustion chamber is greater than the pressure in the surplus oil collection system. Under the action of the pressure difference, the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is discharged to the surplus oil collection system through the three-way bypass, achieving the purpose of automatic cleaning of the fuel nozzle and solving the problem that the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is prone to coking and carbonization.

[0004] There are two main problems in the traditional fuel nozzle cleaning structure. One is that the throttling characteristics of the bypass throttling device are not easy to set. The throttling device is usually a fixed-value throttling, which cannot ensure the fuel flow rate of the fuel nozzle within the full operating range. The other is that when the fuel nozzle is working, a large amount of fuel is also discharged through the bypass, and a surplus oil collection system needs to be set up, increasing the useless power consumption and complexity of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Object of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic cleaning structure for a fuel nozzle of an aero-engine, which can ensure the fuel flow rate of the fuel nozzle within the full operating range and does not require a surplus oil collection system at the same time.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] An automatic cleaning structure for an aero-engine fuel nozzle, comprising a spring, a first spherical valve, a valve seat, a second spherical valve, an electromagnet, a fuel nozzle, a connecting rod, and a housing; the spherical valve and the second spherical valve are connected together by the connecting rod to form a double-valve, and respectively form a sealing structure with the valve seat. The spring provides a pre-compression force for the double-valve. The electromagnet is used to disconnect the inlet-fuel nozzle oil circuit and connect the atmosphere-fuel nozzle oil circuit when powered off. When the electromagnet is powered on, under the action of electromagnetic force, the first spherical valve and the second spherical valve move leftward under the action of the connecting rod to overcome the spring force, cut off the connection between the fuel nozzle oil circuit and the atmosphere, and at the same time connect the inlet oil circuit and the fuel nozzle. Fuel flows from the inlet through the valve seat to the fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzle works.

[0009] Further, it also includes a throttle nozzle, which is arranged on the exhaust port P0 to ensure that the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is fully discharged.

[0010] Further, when the electromagnet is powered off, the elastic force of the spring should be able to ensure the sealing between the first spherical valve and the valve seat.

[0011] Further, when the electromagnet is powered off, the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is fully discharged to the atmosphere under the action of gas pressure through the throttle nozzle.

[0012] Further, the first spherical valve and the second spherical valve have the same structure.

[0013] Further, the first spherical valve and the second spherical valve are made of the same material.

[0014] Further, the end of the double-valve adopts a spherical surface to improve the automatic alignment.

[0015] Further, the two sealing parts of the valve seat adopt conical surfaces, which are in line contact with the spherical surfaces of the double-valve, thereby ensuring its sealing and service life.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0017] By controlling the power on and off of the electromagnet, the fuel supply to the fuel nozzle and the removal of the remaining fuel in the fuel nozzle can be respectively realized, avoiding the problems that when the fuel nozzle is working, the remaining fuel is removed through the bypass and drained at the same time, affecting the fuel nozzle flow rate, the inconvenience of collecting a large amount of drained oil, and the large useless power consumption of the system. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the background technology of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] 1—Spring, 2, 5—Spherical valve, 3—Valve seat, 4—Throttle nozzle, 6—Electromagnet, 7—Fuel nozzle, 8—Linkage, 9—Housing. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. In the examples, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below by reference are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0022] The automatic cleaning structure of the fuel nozzle of an aeroengine includes a spring 1, a first spherical valve 2, a valve seat 3, a second spherical valve 5, an electromagnet 6, a fuel nozzle 7, a linkage 8, and a housing 9. The spherical valve 2 and the second spherical valve 5 are connected together through the linkage 8 to form a double-valve, and respectively form a sealing structure with the valve seat 3. The spring 1 provides a pre-compression force for the double-valve. The electromagnet 6 is used to disconnect the inlet-fuel nozzle oil circuit and connect the atmosphere-fuel nozzle oil circuit in the case of power failure. When the electromagnet 6 is energized, under the action of the electromagnetic force, the first spherical valve 2 and the second spherical valve 5 move leftward under the action of the linkage 8 to overcome the spring force, cut off the connection between the fuel nozzle 7 oil circuit and the atmosphere, and at the same time connect the inlet oil circuit and the fuel nozzle 7, and the fuel flows from the inlet through the valve seat 3 to the fuel nozzle 7, and the fuel nozzle works.

[0023] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a throttle nozzle 4, and the throttle nozzle 4 is arranged on the exhaust port P0 to ensure that the fuel remaining inside the fuel nozzle is fully discharged.

[0024] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, in the case of power failure of the electromagnet 6, the elastic force of the spring 1 should be able to ensure the sealing between the first spherical valve 2 and the valve seat 3.

[0025] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, in the case of power failure of the electromagnet 6, the fuel remaining inside the fuel nozzle is fully discharged to the atmosphere through the throttle nozzle 4 under the action of the gas pressure.

[0026] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the first spherical valve 2 and the second spherical valve 5 have the same structure.

[0027] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the first spherical valve 2 and the second spherical valve 5 are made of the same material.

[0028] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the end of the double-valve adopts a spherical surface to improve the automatic alignment.

[0029] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the two sealing parts of the valve seat 3 adopt conical surfaces, which are in line contact with the spherical surface of the double-valve, so as to ensure its sealing and service life.

[0030] Core invention point: An automatic cleaning structure for a nozzle, including a double-valve, a valve seat, a throttle nozzle, an electromagnet, a spring, and a housing. The double-valve is respectively matched with the left and right sides of the valve seat, and the spring provides a pre-compression force for the double-valve. After the electromagnet is energized, under the action of the connecting rod, the double-valve moves to the left against the spring force. The double-valve and the right side of the valve seat come into contact to form a seal, cutting off the connection between the fuel nozzle oil circuit and the atmospheric environment. At the same time, the oil circuit at the valve inlet is connected to the fuel nozzle, and fuel flows from the inlet through the valve seat to the fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzle works. After the electromagnet is de-energized, under the action of the spring force, the double-valve and the left side of the valve seat come into contact to form a seal, cutting off the connection between the valve inlet oil circuit and the fuel nozzle. At the same time, the fuel nozzle is connected to the atmospheric environment. Under the action of the gas pressure in the combustion chamber, the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is discharged to the atmospheric environment through the valve seat and the throttle nozzle, achieving the purpose of automatic cleaning of the fuel nozzle.

[0031] Secondary invention point 2: By means of a connecting rod, two spherical valves are formed into a double-valve, synchronously opening and closing the oil circuits on the left and right sides of the valve seat.

[0032] Secondary invention point 3: The sealing part of the valve seat adopts a conical surface, which is in line contact with the double-valve, so as to ensure its sealing and service life.

[0033] Secondary invention point 4: A throttle nozzle is arranged on the oil circuit leading to the atmospheric environment to ensure that the fuel remaining in the fuel nozzle is fully discharged.

[0034] Secondary invention point 5: The end of the double-valve adopts a spherical surface. The advantage is that it can automatically align and complete the seal even when the radial positioning is inaccurate.

[0035] In addition, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the description of this application shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms indicating directions such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. used in the description of this application are only used to indicate relative directions or positional relationships, rather than implying that the device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, its relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to this application. The terms "first", "second", "third" and similar terms used in the description of this application are only for descriptive purposes to distinguish different components, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The similar terms such as "a", "an" or "the" used in the description of this application should not be construed as an absolute limitation on the quantity, but should be understood as having at least one. The similar terms such as "including" or "comprising" used in the description of this application are intended to mean that the elements or objects appearing before this word cover the elements or objects listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0036] In addition, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the similar terms such as "installed", "connected", "joined" and the like used in the description of this application should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be the communication inside two components. Those skilled in the art can understand its specific meaning in this application according to the specific situation.

[0037] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may, within the spirit and principle of the present invention, use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning structure for an aircraft engine fuel nozzle, characterized in that: It includes a spring, a first spherical valve, a valve seat, a second spherical valve, an electromagnet, a fuel nozzle, a connecting rod, and a shell; the spherical valve and the second spherical valve are connected together by a connecting rod to form a double valve, and form a sealing structure with the valve seat respectively; the spring provides pre-compression force for the double valve; the electromagnet is used to disconnect the inlet-fuel nozzle oil circuit and connect the atmosphere-fuel nozzle oil circuit when the power is off; when the electromagnet is energized, under the action of electromagnetic force, the first spherical valve and the second spherical valve overcome the spring force and move to the left under the action of the connecting rod, cutting off the connection between the fuel nozzle oil circuit and the atmosphere, while the inlet oil circuit is connected to the fuel nozzle, the fuel flows from the inlet through the valve seat to the fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzle works.

2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a throttle nozzle, which is arranged on the exhaust port P0 to ensure that the fuel retained in the fuel nozzle is fully discharged.

3. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that When the electromagnet is powered off, the elastic force of the spring should be able to ensure that the first spherical valve and the valve seat are sealed.

4. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that When the electromagnet is powered off, the fuel retained inside the fuel nozzle is fully discharged into the atmosphere through the throttle nozzle under the action of gas pressure.

5. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The first spherical valve and the second spherical valve have the same structure.

6. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The first spherical valve and the second spherical valve are made of the same material.

7. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The double valve ends adopt ball head surface to improve automatic alignment.

8. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The two sealing parts of the valve seat adopt conical surfaces, which are in surface line contact with the double valve ball head.

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