Energy-saving heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment and discloses an energy-saving heat exchanger which comprises a shell, the two ends of the shell are sleeved with an upper end sleeve and a lower end sleeve respectively, and a heat conduction pipe is installed in the shell. The shell is provided with a low-temperature fluid input port and a low-temperature fluid output port; the upper end sleeve and the lower end sleeve are respectively provided with a steam input port and a steam output port; the propeller under the impact force of fluid drives the drain pipe to rotate, the drain pipe drives the scraper to rotate, the scraper pushes condensate water attached to the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe, the condensate water on the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe gathers together to form large-size water drops, and the water drops gradually flow into the flow guide groove along the side wall of the scraper under the action of the gravity of the water drops. And the steam flows into the drainage pipe along the inclined flow guide groove and then is discharged into the space, below the partition plate, in the lower end sleeve through the drainage pipe, so that the transfer rate of condensate water on the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe is increased, the direct contact probability of the steam and the heat conduction pipe is increased, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and more specifically, to an energy-saving heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] A heat exchanger is a device that transfers part of the heat of a hot fluid to a cold fluid, also known as a heat exchanger. Heat exchangers play an important role in many industrial productions such as chemical industry, petroleum, power, food, etc.

[0003] Since steam releases latent heat during condensation (for example, 100°C water vapor → liquid water, releasing about 2257 kJ / kg), which is much higher than hot water relying only on sensible heat (100°C → 90°C, only releasing about 42 kJ / kg), steam is usually used for heat exchange in heat exchangers.

[0004] In the food industry, heat exchangers are commonly used in pasteurization (heating) or cooling processes. Taking cooling as an example, a high-temperature fluid (such as hot material) usually flows through the tube side of the heat exchanger, while a low-temperature cooling medium (such as cold water) flows through the shell side for heat exchange.

[0005] If steam heating is adopted (such as pasteurization), high-temperature steam condenses and releases heat in the tube side, and the condensate will form a liquid film attached to the tube wall. If too much condensate remains, it may cause the heat transfer coefficient to decrease, so that more high-temperature steam is required for heat exchange, resulting in a relatively low overall heat exchange efficiency of the steam heat exchanger and low energy utilization rate of the steam heat exchanger.

[0006] Therefore, an energy-saving heat exchanger is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving heat exchanger, which can transfer condensate in time and improve the utilization rate of steam.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0009] An energy-saving heat exchanger includes a shell, with an upper end sleeve and a lower end sleeve respectively sleeved at both ends of the shell, and a heat conduction tube is installed inside the shell;

[0010] The shell is provided with a low-temperature fluid inlet and a low-temperature fluid outlet; the upper end sleeve and the lower end sleeve are respectively provided with a steam inlet and a steam outlet; a partition is horizontally and fixedly installed inside the lower end sleeve, and an extension tube extending to the top wall of the partition is inserted into the steam outlet; a condensate outlet is opened on the bottom wall of the lower end sleeve;

[0011] A drain pipe with a top end penetrating through the heat conduction tube is inserted into the bottom wall of the partition;

[0012] The inner side wall of the drain pipe is evenly inserted with cross bars. The end of the cross bar is an arc surface that fits the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe. A diversion groove penetrating the cross bar is opened on the top wall of the cross bar, and a scraping plate cooperating with the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe is installed in the diversion groove. A rotating mechanism for driving the scraping plate to rotate is provided in the heat conduction pipe;

[0013] Cylindrical piston plates are evenly and slidably installed in the drain pipe, and connecting rods are jointly installed between adjacent two piston plates; through holes are evenly opened on the piston plates, and a driving mechanism for driving the piston plates to reciprocate up and down along the heat conduction pipe is provided on the drain pipe.

[0014] Further, the rotating mechanism includes a propeller fixedly sleeved on the drain pipe. The propeller is located at the bottom end of the heat conduction pipe, and the drain pipe is vertically rotatably inserted on the partition board.

[0015] Further, the driving mechanism includes a reciprocating lead screw vertically and fixedly installed on the top wall of the drain pipe. A slider is threadedly installed on the reciprocating lead screw. A guide rod is vertically and fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the upper end sleeve, and the slider is slidably sleeved on the guide rod;

[0016] A driving magnet is fixedly installed on the slider, a driven magnet is fixedly installed on the piston plate at the uppermost position, the driving magnet and the driven magnet repel each other, and an elastic member is jointly installed between the inner top wall of the drain pipe and the uppermost piston plate.

[0017] Further, the elastic member is a corrugated pipe made of a metal material. A spring is fixedly installed in the corrugated pipe, and an exhaust valve and an intake valve are respectively embedded on the side wall and the bottom wall of the corrugated pipe.

[0018] Further, an air pipe is vertically embedded on the multiple piston plates and the connecting rods together. The top end of the air pipe is communicated with the input end of the intake valve, and the bottom end of the air pipe is communicated with the drain pipe.

[0019] Further, the corrugated pipe is made of stainless steel material.

[0020] Further, a guide pipe with a downward output end is fixedly installed on the output end of the exhaust valve.

[0021] Further, a sealing plate is jointly installed between the side wall of the scraping plate and the side wall of the drain pipe, and the sealing plate covers the surface of the diversion groove.

[0022] Further, the outer wall of the piston plate fits the inner side wall of the drain pipe.

[0023] Further, the outer wall of the scraping plate is a mirror surface.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) Through the mutual cooperation of the drain pipe, cross bar, rotating mechanism and scraper, the gas discharged from the heat conduction pipe will impact the propeller. The propeller affected by the fluid impact force will drive the drain pipe to rotate. The drain pipe will drive the scraper to rotate through the cross bar. The scraper attached to the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe will push the condensed water adhering to the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe, so that the condensed water on the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe gathers together to form larger water droplets. Under the action of the gravity of the water droplets, the water droplets gradually flow along the side wall of the scraper into the diversion groove, and flow along the inclined diversion groove into the drain pipe, and then are discharged through the drain pipe into the space below the partition in the lower sleeve, which speeds up the transfer rate of the condensed water on the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe, increases the contact probability of the steam directly with the heat conduction pipe, and improves the heat exchange effect.

[0026] (2) Through the mutual cooperation of the driving mechanism and the piston plate, when the condensed water flows into the drain pipe, under the action of the driving mechanism, the piston plate at the uppermost position moves up and down reciprocally in the drain pipe. At this time, with the cooperation of the connecting rod, multiple piston plates move synchronously. Therefore, a downward thrust can be applied to the condensed water in the drain pipe, which speeds up the discharge rate of the condensed water in the drain pipe, reduces the probability of the condensed water contacting the high-temperature steam again, and improves the utilization rate of the steam.

[0027] After the condensed water on the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe is transferred in time, the steam in the heat conduction pipe can directly contact the heat conduction pipe, improving the heating effect of the steam on the heat conduction pipe. The condensed water adhering to the pipe wall will form a liquid film heat insulation layer, significantly reducing the heat transfer coefficient. Timely drainage can keep the metal pipe wall in direct contact with the steam, improving the heat exchange efficiency, thereby reducing the steam consumption and playing an energy-saving role.

[0028] (3) Through the mutual cooperation of the elastic member, intake valve and exhaust valve, during the up and down movement of the driven magnet, the corrugated pipe is in an intermittent expansion and contraction state; when the corrugated pipe contracts, the gas in the corrugated pipe is discharged through the exhaust valve. At this time, the drain pipe is in a high-pressure state, so as to prevent the high-temperature gas in the heat conduction pipe from passing through the diversion groove into the drain pipe to contact the condensed water; when the corrugated pipe expands, the corrugated pipe inhales air through the intake valve and the air pipe from the space at the bottom wall of the lowermost piston plate in the drain pipe, so that the condensed water above the bottom end of the air pipe in the drain pipe is subjected to a downward attraction force, speeding up the discharge speed of the condensed water in the drain pipe and reducing the contact probability of the condensed water with the steam. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is the front sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for the present invention Figure 2Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the [specific context];

[0032] Figure 4 This is for the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the [specific context];

[0033] Figure 5 This is the combined sectional structure diagram of the heat conduction tube and the drain pipe of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is the sectional structure diagram of the elastic member of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is the structure diagram of the piston plate of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure:

[0037] 1. Housing; 2. Upper end sleeve; 3. Lower end sleeve; 4. Heat conduction tube; 5. Low-temperature fluid inlet; 6. Low-temperature fluid outlet; 7. Steam inlet; 8. Steam outlet; 9. Partition board; 10. Extension tube; 11. Condensate outlet; 12. Drain pipe; 13. Cross bar; 14. Flow guide groove; 15. Scraper; 16. Piston plate; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Through hole; 19. Propeller; 20. Reciprocating lead screw; 21. Slide block; 22. Guide rod; 23. Active magnet; 24. Passive magnet; 25. Elastic member; 26. Sealing plate; 27. Spring; 28. Exhaust valve; 29. Intake valve; 30. Air pipe; 31. Guide pipe. Detailed implementation manner

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , an energy-saving heat exchanger, including a cylindrical housing 1, with an upper end sleeve 2 and a lower end sleeve 3 respectively sleeved at both ends of the housing 1. A heat conduction tube 4 that penetrates through the top and bottom walls of the housing 1 at both ends is fixedly installed inside the housing 1, and both ends of the heat conduction tube 4 are communicated with the upper end sleeve 2 and the lower end sleeve 3 respectively;

[0041] Among them, the upper end sleeve 2 and the lower end sleeve 3 are respectively located at the top and bottom ends of the housing 1;

[0042] The side wall of the housing 1 is respectively provided with a low-temperature fluid inlet 5 and a low-temperature fluid outlet 6;

[0043] Wherein, when the housing 1 is vertically placed, i.e., the upper sleeve 2 is located above the lower sleeve 3, the low-temperature fluid inlet 5 is located below the low-temperature fluid outlet 6;

[0044] A steam inlet 7 and a steam outlet 8 are respectively provided on the upper sleeve 2 and the lower sleeve 3;

[0045] A partition 9 is horizontally and fixedly installed inside the lower sleeve 3, and an extension pipe 10 with its top end extending to the top wall of the partition 9 is fixedly inserted into the steam outlet 8; a condensate water outlet 11 is formed on the bottom wall of the lower sleeve 3;

[0046] A drain pipe 12 with its top end sealed is inserted into the bottom wall of the partition 9 and penetrates through the heat conduction pipe 4;

[0047] On the inner side wall of the drain pipe 12, cross bars 13 with one end extending to the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 are uniformly inserted. The end of the cross bar 13 in contact with the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 is an arc surface fitting the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4. A diversion groove 14 penetrating the cross bar 13 is formed on the top wall of the cross bar 13. Therefore, the diversion groove 14 communicates the drain pipe 12 with the heat conduction pipe 4. Among them, the diversion groove 14 is inclined, and the difference in height between the end of the diversion groove 14 far from the drain pipe 12 and the end of the diversion groove 14 located inside the drain pipe 12 is a positive number. Therefore, the condensate water entering the diversion groove 14 will automatically flow into the drain pipe 12 along the diversion groove 14. A scraping plate 15 matching the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 is fixedly installed in the diversion groove 14, and the side wall of the scraping plate 15 fits the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4; the outer wall of the scraping plate 15 is a mirror surface, which can reduce the resistance when the condensate water flows downward and ensure that the condensate water can flow into the diversion groove 14 in time.

[0048] A rotating mechanism for driving the scraping plate 15 to rotate is provided inside the heat conduction pipe 4;

[0049] Cylindrical piston plates 16 are uniformly and slidably installed inside the drain pipe 12, and the ratio of the thickness of the piston plate 16 to the height of the diversion groove 14 is 0.1 - 0.3. Therefore, during the movement of the piston plate 16, the condensate water in the diversion groove 14 can normally flow into the drain pipe 12. A connecting rod 17 is commonly installed between adjacent two piston plates 16. Under the action of the connecting rod 17, a plurality of piston plates 16 can be connected into a whole. Therefore, when the piston plate 16 moves up and down in the drain pipe 12, it will not tilt or get stuck in the drain pipe 12. The ratio of the diameter of the piston plate 16 to the diameter of the connecting rod 17 is 8 - 10. Therefore, the diameter of the connecting rod 17 is smaller than the diameter of the piston plate 16 to ensure that the condensate water can flow normally in the drain pipe 12; through holes 18 are uniformly formed in the piston plate 16. Therefore, the condensate water located above the piston plate 16 can flow downward through the through holes 18, and a driving mechanism for driving the piston plate 16 to reciprocate up and down along the heat conduction pipe 4 is provided on the drain pipe 12.

[0050] Among them, the distance between two adjacent piston plates 16 is the same as the distance between two adjacent cross bars 13, and the uppermost piston plate 16 is always located below the uppermost cross bar 13.

[0051] The rotating mechanism includes a propeller 19 fixedly sleeved on the drain pipe 12. The propeller 19 is located at the bottom end of the heat conduction pipe 4, and the drain pipe 12 is vertically rotatably inserted into the partition plate 9.

[0052] Among them, the fact that the propeller 19 rotates around the rotating shaft under the action of the fluid impact force is a prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] During the working process, low-temperature fluid is injected into the space between the housing 1 and the outer wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 through the low-temperature fluid input port, and high-temperature steam is input into the upper end sleeve 2 through the steam input port 7 and then gradually fills the heat conduction pipe 4. At this time, heat exchange occurs between the high-temperature steam in the heat conduction pipe 4 and the low-temperature fluid in the housing 1, thus achieving the heat exchange effect. And the condensed water generated in the heat conduction pipe 4 during the heat exchange process flows downward along the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 under its own gravity. Finally, the condensed water in the heat conduction pipe 4 is discharged through the condensed water output port 11, and the gas in the heat conduction pipe 4 is discharged from the bottom end of the heat conduction pipe 4, and then discharged through the extension pipe 10 and the steam output port 8.

[0054] When the heat conduction pipe 4 exhausts gas, the gas discharged from the heat conduction pipe 4 will impact the propeller 19. The propeller 19 subjected to the fluid impact force will drive the drain pipe 12 to rotate. Therefore, the drain pipe 12 will drive the scraper 15 to rotate through the cross bar 13. The scraper 15 attached to the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 pushes the condensed water attached to the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4, so that the condensed water on the inner wall of the heat conduction pipe 4 gathers together to form larger water droplets. Since the weight of the larger water droplets is heavier, under the action of the gravity of the water droplets themselves, the water droplets gradually flow along the side wall of the scraper 15 into the diversion groove 14 and flow along the inclined diversion groove 14 into the drain pipe 12, and then are discharged into the space below the partition plate 9 in the lower end sleeve 3 through the drain pipe 12, and finally discharged through the condensed water output port 11.

[0055] When the condensed water flows into the drain pipe 12, under the action of the driving mechanism, the uppermost piston plate 16 reciprocates up and down in the drain pipe 12. At this time, with the cooperation of the connecting rod 17, multiple piston plates 16 move synchronously. Therefore, a downward thrust can be applied to the condensed water in the drain pipe 12, accelerating the discharge rate of the condensed water in the drain pipe 12, reducing the probability of the condensed water contacting the high-temperature steam again, and improving the utilization rate of the steam.

[0056] After the condensed water on the inner wall of the heat conduction tube 4 is transferred in time, the steam in the heat conduction tube 4 can directly contact the heat conduction tube 4, improving the heating effect of the steam on the heat conduction tube 4. The condensed water adhering to the tube wall will form a liquid film heat insulation layer, significantly reducing the heat transfer coefficient. Timely drainage can keep the metal tube wall in direct contact with the steam, improving the heat exchange efficiency, thereby reducing the steam consumption and playing an energy-saving role.

[0057] Meanwhile, the cross bar 13 in the rotating state stirs the steam in the heat conduction tube 4, thus increasing the probability of direct contact between the steam and the inner wall of the heat conduction tube 4, improving the heat exchange effect, and further being able to reduce the steam consumption and playing an energy-saving role.

[0058] As Figure 2 、 Figure 4 shown, the driving mechanism includes a reciprocating lead screw 20 vertically and fixedly installed on the top wall of the drain pipe 12. A slider 21 is threadedly installed on the reciprocating lead screw 20. A guide rod 22 is vertically and fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the upper end sleeve 2, and the slider 21 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 22;

[0059] During the process of the drain pipe 12 driving the reciprocating lead screw 20 to rotate, the rotation of the slider 21 is restricted by the guide rod 22, so that the slider 21 can move up and down along the reciprocating lead screw 20. This is prior art and will not be elaborated further;

[0060] A driving magnet 23 is fixedly installed on the slider 21. A driven magnet 24 is fixedly installed on the piston plate 16 at the uppermost position. The driving magnet 23 and the driven magnet 24 repel each other, and an elastic member 25 is jointly installed between the inner top wall of the drain pipe 12 and the piston plate 16 at the uppermost position.

[0061] During the up and down movement of the slider 21, the slider 21 drives the driving magnet 23 to approach the driven magnet 24 intermittently; when the driving magnet 23 moves away from the driven magnet 24, under the action of the elastic member 25, each piston plate 16 is located at the highest point.

[0062] When the driving magnet 23 moves downwards and approaches the driven magnet 24, the repulsive force received by the driven magnet 24 gradually increases, and the repulsive force received by the driven magnet 24 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic member 25. Therefore, the driven magnet 24 will drive the piston plate 16 to move downwards, thus playing a role in driving the piston plate 16 to move, and under the action of the connecting rod 17, multiple piston plates 16 move synchronously.

[0063] As Figure 6As shown, the elastic member 25 is a corrugated pipe made of metal material. The corrugated pipe is made of stainless steel material. Since bacteria are not easily bred on the surface of stainless steel material, making the corrugated pipe with stainless steel material can improve food safety. A spring 27 is fixedly installed inside the corrugated pipe. Both ends of the spring 27 are fixedly connected to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the corrugated pipe respectively. Therefore, under the action of the spring 27, the corrugated pipe can have elasticity. An exhaust valve 28 and an intake valve 29 are respectively embedded on the side wall and the bottom wall of the corrugated pipe.

[0064] Among them, the output end of the exhaust valve 28 is communicated with the drain pipe 12.

[0065] A trachea 30 is vertically embedded on the common multiple piston plates 16 and the connecting rod 17. The top end of the trachea 30 is communicated with the input end of the intake valve 29. The bottom end of the trachea 30 is communicated with the drain pipe 12, and the bottom end of the trachea 30 is located at the bottom wall of the lowermost piston plate 16.

[0066] During the up and down movement of the driven magnet 24, the corrugated pipe is in an intermittent expansion and contraction state; when the corrugated pipe contracts, the gas inside the corrugated pipe is discharged through the exhaust valve 28. At this time, the drain pipe 12 is in a high-pressure state, so as to prevent the high-temperature gas in the heat conduction pipe 4 from passing through the diversion groove 14 and entering the drain pipe 12 to contact the condensed water.

[0067] When the corrugated pipe expands, the corrugated pipe inhales air through the intake valve 29 and the trachea 30 from the space at the bottom wall of the lowermost piston plate 16 in the drain pipe 12, so that the condensed water above the bottom end of the trachea 30 in the drain pipe 12 is subjected to a downward attraction force, accelerating the discharge speed of the condensed water in the drain pipe 12 and reducing the contact probability between the condensed water and the steam.

[0068] As Figure 3 、 Figure 6 shown, a guide pipe 31 with a downward output end is fixedly installed on the output end of the exhaust valve 28.

[0069] By setting the guide pipe 31, the direction of the gas discharged from the exhaust valve 28 can be changed, so as to ensure that the gas discharged from the corrugated pipe can spread downward, increasing the downward impact force on the condensed water on the inner wall of the drain pipe 12 and improving the transfer efficiency of the condensed water.

[0070] As Figure 3 、 Figure 5 shown, a sealing plate 26 is jointly installed between the side wall of the scraping plate 15 close to the drain pipe 12 and the side wall of the drain pipe 12. At this time, the water droplets flowing along the scraping plate 15 can still flow into the diversion groove 14. The sealing plate 26 covers the surface of the diversion groove 14. Since the hot steam flows from top to bottom and the opening of the diversion groove 14 is upward, setting the sealing plate 26 can prevent the steam from directly contacting the condensed water in the diversion groove 14, further improving the utilization rate of the steam heat.

[0071] As Figure 3 shown, the outer wall of the piston plate 16 fits against the inner wall of the drain pipe 12, thereby improving the scraping effect on the condensed water adhering to the inner wall of the drain pipe 12.

[0072] As mentioned above, it is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its improved concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving heat exchanger, comprising a shell (1), wherein an upper end sleeve (2) and a lower end sleeve (3) are respectively sleeved at both ends of the shell (1), and a heat conduction pipe (4) is installed in the shell (1); Features: The shell (1) is provided with a low-temperature fluid input port (5) and a low-temperature fluid output port (6); the upper end sleeve (2) and the lower end sleeve (3) are respectively provided with a steam input port (7) and a steam output port (8); a partition plate (9) is horizontally fixedly installed in the lower end sleeve (3), and an extension pipe (10) extending to the top wall of the partition plate (9) is inserted into the steam output port (8); and a condensate output port (11) is opened on the bottom wall of the lower end sleeve (3); A drainage pipe (12) with a top end penetrating the heat conducting pipe (4) is inserted on the bottom wall of the partition (9); Cross bars (13) are evenly inserted on the inner wall of the drainage pipe (12); the end of the cross bar (13) is an arc surface that fits the inner wall of the heat-conducting pipe (4); a guide groove (14) that penetrates the cross bar (13) is opened on the top wall of the cross bar (13); a scraper (15) that matches the inner wall of the heat-conducting pipe (4) is installed in the guide groove (14); and a rotating mechanism that drives the scraper (15) to rotate is provided in the heat-conducting pipe (4).

2. An energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylindrical piston plate (16) is evenly and slidably installed in the drainage pipe (12), and a connecting rod (17) is installed between two adjacent piston plates (16); through holes (18) are evenly opened on the piston plate (16), and a driving mechanism for driving the piston plate (16) to reciprocate up and down along the heat-conducting pipe (4) is provided on the drainage pipe (12); the rotating mechanism includes a propeller (19) fixedly mounted on the drainage pipe (12), the propeller (19) is located at the bottom end of the heat-conducting pipe (4), and the drainage pipe (12) is vertically rotatably inserted on the partition (9).

3. An energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a reciprocating screw (20) vertically fixedly mounted on the top wall of the drain pipe (12), a slider (21) being threadedly mounted on the reciprocating screw (20), a guide rod (22) being vertically fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the upper end sleeve (2), and the slider (21) being slidably sleeved on the guide rod (22); An active magnet (23) is fixedly mounted on the slider (21), and a driven magnet (24) is fixedly mounted on the piston plate (16) located at the top. The active magnet (23) and the driven magnet (24) repel each other, and an elastic member (25) is installed between the top wall of the drain pipe (12) and the top piston plate (16).

4. An energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic member (25) is a bellows made of metal material, a spring (27) is fixedly installed in the bellows, and an exhaust valve (28) and an intake valve (29) are respectively embedded on the side wall and bottom wall of the bellows.

5. The energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air pipe (30) is vertically embedded on the plurality of piston plates (16) and the connecting rod (17), the top end of the air pipe (30) is connected to the input end of the air intake valve (29), and the bottom end of the air pipe (30) is connected to the drain pipe (12).

6. The energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bellows is made of stainless steel.

7. An energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide pipe (31) with the output end facing downward is fixedly mounted on the output end of the exhaust valve (28).

8. The energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plate (26) is installed between the side wall of the scraper (15) and the side wall of the drain pipe (12), and the sealing plate (26) covers the surface of the guide groove (14).

9. The energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the piston plate (16) is in contact with the inner wall of the drain pipe (12).

10. The energy-saving heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the scraper (15) is a mirror surface.

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