An ultrasonic detection device and method for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes

Abstract

The present invention provides an ultrasonic detection device and a detection method for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes. The ultrasonic detection device includes a bearing mechanism, a detection mechanism for detecting the anchoring quality, an installation mechanism capable of driving the detection mechanism to move within the bearing mechanism, and a controller. The detection mechanism includes a rubber shell, an ultrasonic probe housed within the rubber shell, a first connection seat fixedly connected to the rubber shell, a plurality of first support rods spaced apart and respectively connected to the ultrasonic probe and the first connection seat at both ends, and a connection assembly. The connection assembly includes a connection shell and a water injection pipe connection joint. The water injection pipe connection joint is communicated with a first communication space formed by the plurality of first support rods being spaced apart. External water source enters the rubber shell through the water injection pipe connection joint and the first communication space, and after the rubber shell expands, it closely adheres to the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube. The ultrasonic detection device provided by the present invention has the advantages of wide application range, strong practicability, simplicity, ease of use, intelligence, and portability, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of civil engineering anchorage quality inspection, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic inspection device and inspection method for the anchorage quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes. Background Art

[0002] Prestressed anchor cables are widely used in slope reinforcement projects. They can anchor the shallow unstable rock and soil masses on slopes to the deep stable rock and soil masses, forming a combined beam effect, thereby improving the slope stability. The key to whether the prestressed anchor cable can fully exert its reinforcement effect lies in: firstly, it should have sufficient length to penetrate the shallow unstable rock and soil masses and have a certain anchorage length in the deep stable rock and soil masses; secondly, the anchorage section should be grouted densely and without defects to ensure that the anchor cable can reliably apply the set prestress. However, during the construction process, due to lax construction control or improper operation methods, it often leads to insufficient length of the prestressed anchor cable and non-dense grouting in the anchorage section. Therefore, carrying out the inspection work on the anchorage quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes and accurately grasping the working state of the prestressed anchor cables have very important practical significance in slope reinforcement treatment projects.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used methods for inspecting the anchorage quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes include the pull-out test method, the embedded component monitoring method, and the stress wave reflection method, etc. The pull-out test method is a on-site destructive test. By pulling out the prestressed anchor cable, the anchoring ability of the anchor cable is tested and the length of the anchor cable is obtained. This method has high test costs, is cumbersome to operate, and is destructive. It is only suitable for spot checks and cannot be carried out on a large scale in the inspection of the anchorage quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes, making its applicability low. The embedded component monitoring method monitors the local health state of the anchor cable by pasting various components such as strain gauges on the surface of the anchor cable. In this way, the installation of the components is difficult and the cost is relatively high. At the same time, as the service life of the anchor cable increases, the components are extremely prone to dislocation and damage, making it difficult to monitor effective anchor cable health state data. The stress wave reflection method generates a stress wave pulse signal at the end of the anchor cable. Subsequently, the stress wave pulse signal reflects back and forth inside the anchor cable and is finally received by the end stress wave sensor. Then, by analyzing the received stress wave signal in the time domain, frequency spectrum, and energy attenuation, the anchorage quality of the prestressed anchor cable can be quickly evaluated. This method is a non-destructive testing method that is economical, fast, simple, and has relatively high accuracy. However, when the length of the anchor cable is relatively large, the stress wave pulse signal attenuates significantly during the propagation process, making it difficult for the sensor to collect effective stress wave signals, resulting in difficulties in data analysis.

[0004] In summary, the existing technical means for inspecting the quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes generally have defects such as low accuracy, high cost, and cumbersome operation in long and deep prestressed anchor cables, and it is difficult to meet the actual engineering requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved ultrasonic detection device for anchoring quality in view of the technical problem that when the stress wave reflection method is used to detect the anchoring quality of anchor cables with relatively large lengths, it is difficult to analyze data due to the inability to receive stress wave signals. The ultrasonic detection device injects a coupling agent water into the detection mechanism for emitting ultrasonic pulse signals and receiving echo signals, so as to ensure that the ultrasonic pulse signals can be effectively transmitted between the ultrasonic probe and the inside of the anchor cable. It has the advantages of wide application range, strong practicability, simplicity, easy use, intelligence and portability.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes. The prestressed anchor cable is installed in an anchor cable hole, including an ungrouted free section and a grouted anchoring section. The anchor cable includes multiple steel strands. The ultrasonic detection device includes: a bearing mechanism, which includes a sonic logging tube inserted into the anchor cable hole and having the same length as the prestressed anchor cable, and a closed locking component installed at the end port of the sonic logging tube. The central axis of the sonic logging tube and the central line of the anchor cable hole are located on the same straight line; a detection mechanism, which is installed in the sonic logging tube and includes a rubber shell having a receiving space, an ultrasonic probe received in the rubber shell and having a gap with the rubber shell, a first connecting seat located in the rubber shell and fixedly connected to the first end of the rubber shell, a plurality of first support rods spaced apart and connected to the ultrasonic probe and the first connecting seat at both ends respectively, and a connecting component provided at the first end of the rubber shell and connected to the first connecting seat. The connecting component includes a connecting shell fixedly connected to the first connecting seat and a water injection pipe connection joint located in the connecting shell. The water injection pipe connection joint communicates with a first communication space formed by the plurality of first support rods spaced apart. External water source enters the rubber shell through the water injection pipe connection joint and the first communication space, and after the rubber shell expands, it closely adheres to the inner wall of the sonic logging tube; an installation mechanism, which is installed in the sonic logging tube and is detachably connected to the connecting component of the detection mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to drive the detection mechanism to move in the sonic logging tube; a controller, which is connected to the ultrasonic probe. The controller is used to receive the echo signal sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtain the grouting quality information of the anchoring section based on the echo signal and the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic probe.

[0007] In a specific embodiment, the ultrasonic detection device further includes an infrared sensor installed at one end of the detection mechanism facing the closed locking component. The infrared sensor is connected to the controller. The controller is further used to receive the acquisition data sent by the infrared sensor and obtain the anchor cable length based on the acquisition data and the depth data of the infrared sensor in the anchor cable hole.

[0008] In a specific embodiment, the detection mechanism further includes a pressure sensor for collecting the water pressure data inside the rubber shell and a water mist nozzle communicated with the gap. The pressure sensor and the water mist nozzle are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is further configured to receive the water pressure data inside the rubber shell sent by the pressure sensor and adjust the external water source pressure or the water spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle based on the water pressure data, so that the shape of the rubber shell matches the shape of the inner wall of the acoustic pipe. The controller is further configured to control the water mist nozzle to open when the ultrasonic probe does not receive an echo signal.

[0009] In a specific embodiment, the pressure sensor is arranged at the other end of the ultrasonic probe away from the first connecting seat. The detection mechanism further includes a second connecting seat extending outward from inside the rubber shell and fixedly connected to the second end of the rubber shell, and a plurality of second support rods arranged at intervals and respectively connected to the pressure sensor and the second connecting seat at both ends. The water mist nozzle and the infrared sensor are both installed at one end of the second connecting seat facing the closing and locking component. The water mist nozzle is communicated with a second communication space formed by being arranged at intervals with the plurality of second support rods. The external water source, the water injection pipe connection joint, the first communication space, the gap, the second communication space and the water mist nozzle are communicated in sequence.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the bearing mechanism further includes a plurality of limiting plates sleeved outside the acoustic pipe. The limiting plate includes a plate body, a acoustic pipe installation hole formed through the middle position of the plate body, and a plurality of spare holes and a plurality of steel strand installation holes arranged around the acoustic pipe installation hole. Some of the spare holes are used for installing grouting pipes, and the steel strand installation holes are used for installing steel strands and the number of the steel strand installation holes is the same as the number of the steel strands.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the acoustic pipe is composed of a plurality of acoustic pipe unit segments spliced together. Each acoustic pipe unit segment includes a pipe body, an external thread arranged on the outer wall of the first end of the pipe body, and a splicing joint with an internal thread arranged at the second end of the pipe body. The inner diameter of the splicing joint is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe body. The first end of one acoustic pipe unit segment is inserted into the second end of another acoustic pipe unit segment, and the two are threadedly connected by rotating one of the acoustic pipe unit segments.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the installation mechanism includes a plurality of detachably connected connecting rods and a plurality of pulley assemblies installed on the outer wall of each connecting rod and evenly arranged around the central axis of the connecting rod. Each pulley assembly abuts against the inner wall of the acoustic pipe and can slide along the inner wall of the acoustic pipe.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the connecting rod includes a rod body embedded with a water injection pipe, a first connector extending from the middle part of the first end of the rod body, a second connector extending from the periphery of the second end of the rod body, two oppositely arranged connecting holes longitudinally penetrating through the second connector, a splicing buckle installed in the first connector and matching with the two connecting holes, a first water injection pipe joint arranged in the first connector and connected to the water injection pipe, and a second water injection pipe joint located in the second connector and connected to the water injection pipe. The first connector can be inserted into the second connector, and the shape of the first water injection pipe joint matches the shape of the second water injection pipe joint.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the closing and locking component is used to close the acoustic detection tube and tie multiple steel strands. It includes a closing cover with internal threads, multiple overlapping flanges hinged to the closing cover, steel strand tying holes penetrating through the overlapping flanges, and steel strand fasteners arranged at the ends of the overlapping flanges. The closing cover is threadedly connected to the acoustic detection tube, and the number of overlapping flanges is the same as the number of steel strands.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a detection method for detecting the anchoring quality of slope prestressed anchor cables using the ultrasonic detection device described above. The detection method includes: Step 1, manufacturing the anchor cable using the bearing mechanism. The manufacturing of the anchor cable includes: sleeving multiple limiting plates of the bearing mechanism outside the acoustic detection tube at a preset spacing, and installing a closing and locking component at the end port of the acoustic detection tube; first passing multiple steel strands through the steel strand installation holes on multiple limiting plates one by one and fixing them using the closing and locking component, and then passing the grouting pipe through the spare holes of multiple limiting plates in sequence to complete the manufacturing of the anchor cable. Among them, the number of grouting pipes is one or more, and each grouting pipe passes through different spare holes; Step 2, after sending the anchor cable into the anchor cable hole, performing the anchor cable grouting work; Step 3, after the grout injected into the anchor cable hole solidifies, first splicing multiple connecting rods and the detection mechanism in sequence, then connecting the controller to the ultrasonic probe and connecting the water injection pipe to an external water source, and then setting the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe in the controller according to the regulations of the "Technical Specification for Anchor Cable Detection and Monitoring" (JGJT 401 - 2017); Step 4, driving the detection mechanism to move towards the end of the acoustic detection tube by pushing the connecting rod. During the pushing process, the ultrasonic probe continuously emits ultrasonic pulse signals and receives echo signals, and sends the received echo signals to the controller. The controller receives the echo signals sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtains the grouting quality information of the anchoring section based on the echo signals and the ultrasonic pulse signals emitted by the ultrasonic probe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:

[0017] 1. The ultrasonic detection device provided by the present invention includes a bearing mechanism for assisting in installing multiple steel strands, a detection mechanism for detecting the grouting quality information of the anchorage section and located within the bearing mechanism, an installation mechanism for assisting in installing the detection mechanism and capable of driving the detection mechanism to move within the bearing mechanism, and a controller. Among them, the detection mechanism includes a rubber shell having a receiving space, an ultrasonic probe received within the rubber shell and having a gap with the rubber shell, a first connecting seat located within the rubber shell and fixedly connected to the first end of the rubber shell, a plurality of spaced-apart first support rods having two ends respectively connected to the ultrasonic probe and the first connecting seat, and a connecting component provided at the first end of the rubber shell and connected to the first connecting seat. The connecting component includes a connecting shell fixedly connected to the first connecting seat and a water injection pipe connection joint located within the connecting shell. The water injection pipe connection joint is in communication with a first communication space formed by the plurality of spaced-apart first support rods. External water source enters the rubber shell through the water injection pipe connection joint and the first communication space, causing the rubber shell to expand and closely adhere to the inner wall of the sonic logging tube. The controller is connected to the ultrasonic probe, and the controller is used to receive the echo signal sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtain the grouting quality information of the anchorage section based on the echo signal and the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic probe. Affected by cable anchor construction and formation movement, the sonic logging tube will deform, that is, the inner wall shape and cross-sectional area at different positions of the sonic logging tube may be different. By filling the rubber shell with water in the present invention, it can ensure that the rubber shell always closely adheres to the inner wall of the sonic logging tube, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0018] 2. The detection mechanism further includes a pressure sensor for collecting the water pressure data within the rubber shell and a water mist nozzle in communication with the gap. The pressure sensor and the water mist nozzle are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is further used to receive the water pressure data within the rubber shell sent by the pressure sensor and adjust the external water source pressure or the water spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle based on the water pressure data, so that the shape of the rubber shell matches the inner wall shape of the sonic logging tube. The controller is also used to control the water mist nozzle to open when the ultrasonic probe does not receive an echo signal. By setting the water mist nozzle in the present invention, the moisture within the rubber shell is evenly sprayed onto the inner wall of the sonic logging tube in front of the moving path of the detection mechanism. On the one hand, it can correct the shape of the rubber shell. On the other hand, the water droplets sprayed on the inner wall of the sonic logging tube are used to fill the micro-pores between the rubber shell and the inner wall of the sonic logging tube, ensuring that the ultrasonic pulse signal can effectively pass through the interface between the rubber shell and the inner wall of the sonic logging tube.

[0019] III. The sonic logging tubes of the present invention are connected by threads in multiple sonic logging tube unit segments. The multiple connecting rods of the installation mechanism are spliced in a snap-in manner, and the installation mechanism and the detection mechanism are also connected in a snap-in manner. On the one hand, it can be used for the detection of the anchoring quality of anchor cables with different lengths and has a wide range of applications. On the other hand, it can be installed immediately when in use during detection and can be quickly disassembled after completion, having the advantages of being portable, lightweight, fast, and easy to use.

[0020] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, the present invention also has other purposes, features, and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a layout schematic diagram of an ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on a slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of a partial structure of an ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on a slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 For Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sonic logging tube unit segment of a bearing mechanism in the ultrasonic detection device shown;

[0024] Figure 4 For Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a limit plate of a bearing mechanism in the ultrasonic detection device shown;

[0025] Figure 5 For Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a closed locking assembly of a bearing mechanism in the ultrasonic detection device shown in one state;

[0026] Figure 6 For Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the closed locking assembly shown in another state;

[0027] Figure 7 For Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the closed locking assembly shown;

[0028] Figure 8 For Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod and multiple pulley assemblies of an installation mechanism in the ultrasonic detection device shown;

[0029] Figure 9 For Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first end and the second end of the connecting rod shown, where [[ID=|16]]Figure 9 a in it is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first end of the connecting rod, Figure 9where b is a partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the second end of the connecting rod;

[0030] Figure 10 is Figure 8 a partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the first end and the second end of the shown connecting rod, wherein Figure 10 a in is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the first end of the connecting rod, Figure 10 b in is a partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the second end of the connecting rod showing the internal structure;

[0031] Figure 11 is Figure 8 a structure schematic diagram of the shown single pulley assembly;

[0032] Figure 12 is Figure 2 a structure schematic diagram of the detection mechanism and the infrared sensor in the shown ultrasonic detection device;

[0033] Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along line A-A shown in Figure 12;

[0034] Figure 14 is Figure 12 a partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the shown detection mechanism showing the internal structure.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals

[0036] Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 14 , according to the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a slope prestressed anchor cable anchoring quality ultrasonic detection device 100. The ultrasonic detection device 100 uses ultrasonic detection technology to perform non-destructive detection on the anchoring quality of the prestressed anchor cable 200 installed on the slope 300. Compared with the existing stress wave non-destructive detection technology, it has the advantages of high detection accuracy, convenient installation, etc., and has a wide application range, and can be used for the detection of the anchoring quality of the anchor cables in deep slopes.

[0039] The prestressed anchor cable 200 is installed in the anchor cable hole, and includes an ungrouted free section 201 and a grouted anchoring section 202. Among them, the anchoring section is arranged in the deep and stable rock and soil mass of the slope. The anchoring section is filled with cement mortar densely, and the anti-pulling force of the anchoring section can be used to provide support for applying prestress to the anchor cable; the free section of the anchor cable penetrates through the shallow and unstable rock and soil mass, and is anchored on the slope surface by an anchor, and the free section of the anchor cable is not grouted and mainly functions as a force transmission.

[0040] The cable anchor includes multiple steel strands, and the number and length of the steel strands are determined based on the design parameters of the slope reinforcement project.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, the number of steel strands is 3 to 8.

[0042] That is, the number of steel strands can specifically be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8. In the present invention, the number of steel strands is 6.

[0043] The ultrasonic detection device 100 includes a bearing mechanism 10 for assisting in installing multiple steel strands, a detection mechanism 30 for detecting the grouting quality information of the anchorage section and located within the bearing mechanism 10, an installation mechanism 20 for assisting in installing the detection mechanism 30 and capable of driving the detection mechanism 30 to move within the bearing mechanism 10, an infrared sensor 40 installed at one end of the detection mechanism 30 away from the installation mechanism 20, and a controller connected to the detection mechanism 30 and the infrared sensor 40. The controller is used to receive the data sent by the detection mechanism 30 and the infrared sensor 40 and obtain the anchorage quality information based on the received data. The anchorage quality information includes the cable anchor length and the grouting quality information of the anchorage section.

[0044] In the present invention, the cable anchor length is the sum of the distance between the detection mechanism collected by the infrared sensor and the bottom end of the cable anchor hole and the depth of the infrared sensor within the cable anchor hole. For the sake of easy understanding, an example is given. Suppose the data collected by the infrared sensor is 5 m, and the distance between the position of the infrared sensor itself and the top end of the cable anchor hole is 20 m. Then, the cable anchor length is 25 m.

[0045] In the present invention, the distance between the position of the infrared sensor itself and the top end of the cable anchor hole can be calculated based on the length of the installation mechanism and the length of the detection mechanism, which will be specifically described below.

[0046] In the present invention, the detection mechanism 30 can emit ultrasonic pulse signals and receive echo signals. The controller obtains the grouting quality information of the anchorage section based on the echo signals and the ultrasonic pulse signals emitted by the ultrasonic probe. The grouting quality information of the anchorage section includes the defect position and the grouting fullness degree.

[0047] In the present invention, the grouting fullness degree can be expressed as a percentage, such as 100%, 99%, 97%, etc.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 2 to 7, the bearing mechanism 10 includes a sonic logging tube 11 inserted into the anchor cable hole and having the same length as the prestressed anchor cable 200, a plurality of limiting plates 12 sleeved outside the sonic logging tube 11, and a closing and locking component 13 installed at the end port of the sonic logging tube 11. The central axis of the sonic logging tube 11 and the central line of the anchor cable hole are located on the same straight line.

[0049] In the present invention, the detection mechanism 30 is installed inside the sonic logging tube 11, and the sonic logging tube provides a working space for the movement and operation of the detection mechanism.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, the sonic logging tube 11 is composed of a plurality of sonic logging tube unit segments 111 spliced together. Each sonic logging tube unit segment 111 includes a tube body 1111, an external thread 1112 provided on the outer wall of the first end of the tube body 1111, and a splicing joint 1113 provided at the second end of the tube body 1111 and having an internal thread. The inner diameter of the splicing joint 1113 is the same as the outer diameter of the tube body 1111.

[0051] In the present invention, the sonic logging tube unit segment is an iron cylindrical hollow structure with relatively large stiffness, so as to prevent the deformation of the sonic logging tube caused by factors such as the solidification of the cement slurry in the anchor cable and the subsequent application of prestress.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter dimension of the standard sonic logging tube unit segment is about 30 mm, the thickness dimension is 2 mm, and the length dimension is 5 m, so as to facilitate the universal production, easy transportation and on-site processing.

[0053] In the present invention, when two adjacent sonic logging tube unit segments 111 are spliced, the first end of one sonic logging tube unit segment is inserted into the second end of the other sonic logging tube unit segment, and the two are threadedly connected by rotating one of the sonic logging tube unit segments.

[0054] It can be understood that the number of sonic logging tube unit segments is determined by the length of the sonic logging tube unit segment and the length of the anchor cable. In the present invention, the standard length of the sonic logging tube unit segment is 5 m. Then, when the length of the anchor cable is 20 m, the number of sonic logging tube unit segments is 4; when the length of the anchor cable is 25 m, the number of sonic logging tube unit segments is 5; when the length of the anchor cable is 30 m, the number of sonic logging tube unit segments is 6.

[0055] When the length of the anchor cable reaches 20 m to 40 m or even longer, by using the splicing thread, a plurality of standard sonic logging tubes can be quickly and conveniently lengthened to construct a sonic logging tube consistent with the actual length of the anchor cable.

[0056] In the present invention, the sonic logging tube is composed of a plurality of sonic logging tube unit segments spliced together. On the one hand, it can be applied to the detection of anchor cables with different lengths. On the other hand, it is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the outer wall of the sonic logging tube is polished to increase the frictional force between it and the cement slurry in the anchor cable, thereby reducing the interfacial mutual slip between the two, and thus reducing the impact on the detection result of the anchor cable anchorage quality; the inner wall of the sonic logging tube is a smooth surface, on the one hand, to avoid the burrs on the inner wall of the sonic logging tube from wearing or even cutting the detection mechanism, and on the other hand, to reduce the micropores between the detection mechanism and the inner wall of the sonic logging tube during the ultrasonic detection process, thereby improving the efficiency of the ultrasonic detection work.

[0058] In an alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the sonic logging tube is coated with an anti-rust agent.

[0059] During the ultrasonic detection process, the inner wall of the sonic logging tube will be sprayed with water. By coating the inner wall of the sonic logging tube with an anti-rust agent, the penetration of water into the anchor cable can be prevented, thereby preventing the sonic logging tube from rusting and causing corrosion damage to the anchor cable structure.

[0060] In the present invention, a plurality of the limiting plates 12 are evenly spaced.

[0061] In an alternative embodiment, the distance between two adjacent limiting plates 12 is 1.8 m to 2.4 m.

[0062] Specifically, the distance between two adjacent limiting plates 12 can be 1.8 m, 2.0 m, 2.2 m, 2.4 m, etc.

[0063] The limiting plate 12 includes a plate body 121, a sonic logging tube mounting hole 122 formed through the middle position of the plate body 121, and a plurality of spare holes 123 and a plurality of steel strand mounting holes 124 arranged around the sonic logging tube mounting hole 122, and a plurality of the spare holes 123 are arranged adjacent to the sonic logging tube mounting hole 122.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the limiting plate 12 is made of rubber material.

[0065] In the present invention, the plate body 121 is a circular plate body.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the diameter of the plate body 121 is 100 mm to 200 mm and is smaller than the diameter of the anchor cable hole for installing the anchor cable.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate body 121 is 20 mm.

[0068] In the present invention, the size of the sonic logging tube mounting hole 122 matches the sonic logging tube 11, and the sonic logging tube 11 passes through a plurality of the sonic logging tube mounting holes 122 in sequence and then is connected to the closing and locking member 13.

[0069] In the present invention, the sonic logging tube mounting hole 122 is a circular hole.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the acoustic pipe installation hole 122 is 36 mm.

[0071] By installing the acoustic pipe 11 through the setting of the limiting plate 12, the position of the acoustic pipe in the anchor cable hole can be limited to ensure that the acoustic pipe 11 is installed at the center of the anchor cable hole, that is, the central axis of the acoustic pipe and the central line of the anchor cable hole are on the same straight line.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, the distance between the central lines of each of the spare holes 123 and the central line of the acoustic pipe installation hole 122 is the same, the distance between the central lines of each of the steel strand installation holes 124 and the central line of the acoustic pipe installation hole 122 is the same, and the distance between the central lines of each of the steel strand installation holes 124 and the central line of the acoustic pipe installation hole 122 is greater than the distance between the central lines of each of the spare holes 123 and the central line of the acoustic pipe installation hole 122.

[0073] In an alternative embodiment, a part of the outer edge of the spare hole 123 coincides with a part of the outer edge of the acoustic pipe installation hole 122.

[0074] It can be understood that a thin wall is clamped between the multiple spare holes 123 and the acoustic pipe installation hole 122. One side surface of the thin wall is the inner wall of the spare hole, and the other side surface of the thin wall is the inner wall of the acoustic pipe installation hole.

[0075] In the present invention, the multiple spare holes 123 and the acoustic pipe installation hole 122 are in a plum blossom shape as a whole.

[0076] In the present invention, the spare hole 123 is used to install a grouting pipe and other auxiliary equipment during the construction of the anchor cable. The number of the spare holes 123 is greater than or equal to the number of the grouting pipes for grouting.

[0077] In the present invention, the number of the steel strand installation holes 124 is the same as the number of the steel strands of the anchor cable. Each of the steel strands passes through the multiple steel strand installation holes 124 and extends to the closing and locking member 13 and is tied tightly by the closing and locking member.

[0078] In the present invention, by installing the steel strands through the steel strand installation holes 124 opened on the plate body 121 of the limiting plate, the distance between the steel strands and between the steel strands and the acoustic pipe can be maintained. At the same time, it also ensures that the thickness requirement of the steel bar line protective layer is met after grouting, thereby ensuring the grouting effect and bearing performance.

[0079] In the present invention, the closing and locking member 13 is used to close the acoustic logging tube and tie multiple steel strands of the anchor cable. In this way, it is possible to prevent cement slurry from entering the interior of the acoustic logging tube during the grouting process of the anchor cable, thereby preventing it from blocking the ultrasonic detection working space and hindering the normal movement of the ultrasonic transceiver device.

[0080] The closing and locking member 13 includes a closing cap 131 having internal threads, multiple overlapping flanges 132 hinged to the closing cap 131, multiple steel strand tying holes 133 respectively formed through each of the overlapping flanges 132, and multiple steel strand fasteners 134 respectively provided at the ends of each of the overlapping flanges 132. The number of the overlapping flanges 132 is the same as the number of the steel strands.

[0081] In the present invention, after the first end of the acoustic logging tube unit section closest to the bottom end of the anchor cable hole is inserted into the closing cap 131 and tightened, a threaded connection is formed.

[0082] In the present invention, the multiple overlapping flanges 132 are hinged to the closing cap 131. By folding the overlapping flanges, the port closure and the radial range around the closing and locking member can be reduced, thereby reducing the interference of the steel strands arranged around on the port closure and the splicing operation of the closing and locking member.

[0083] In the present invention, the closing cap 131 includes a closing tube with openings at both ends, a cover body covering one end of the closing tube, and two extension plates extending from the cover body. The multiple overlapping flanges 132 are hinged to the two extension plates through hinge shafts.

[0084] In the present invention, the overlapping flange 132 includes a flange body 1321 in a rectangular shape and a notch 1322 formed through the end of the flange body 1321 away from the closing cap along the length direction of the flange body 1321. The steel strand tying hole 133 is formed through the middle part of the flange body 1321 along the thickness direction of the flange body 1321, and the steel strand tying hole 133 communicates with the notch 1322.

[0085] In the present invention, the steel strand tying hole 133 is a circular hole.

[0086] The steel strand fastener 134 includes two fixing blocks 1341 fixedly connected to and spaced apart from the flange body 1321, a bolt 1342, and a nut 1343 for locking the bolt. Threaded holes are formed in the two fixing blocks, and the bolt passes through the two threaded holes and can be locked by the nut.

[0087] In the present invention, the steel strand passes through the steel strand binding hole and is then bound to the bolt, and then tightened by the nut to fix the steel strand. In the present invention, the steel strand is bound and locked by the closed locking member 13, which can ensure that the acoustic logging tube is of the same length as the anchor cable and the end of the acoustic logging tube is flush with the bottom end of the anchor cable.

[0088] Please refer specifically to Figures 8 to 11 , the installation mechanism 20 is installed in the acoustic logging tube 11, and one end of the installation mechanism 20 facing the closed locking member 13 is detachably connected to the detection mechanism 30. In this way, on the one hand, by moving the installation mechanism, the detection mechanism can be driven to move in the acoustic logging tube, so as to realize the non-destructive detection of the anchoring quality within the full length of the anchor cable, and the length of the anchor cable can be synchronously identified by using the infrared sensor; on the other hand, the length of the installation mechanism can control the distance between the detection mechanism and the bottom end of the acoustic logging tube.

[0089] The installation mechanism 20 includes a plurality of detachably connected connecting rods 21 and a plurality of pulley assemblies 22 installed on the outer wall of each connecting rod 21 and uniformly arranged around the central axis of the connecting rod 21. The connecting rod 21 is connected to the detection mechanism 30, and each pulley assembly 22 abuts against the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube 11 and can slide along the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube 11.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting rod 21 is a cylindrical rod body, the diameter dimension can be 20 mm, and the standard length dimension can be 1 m.

[0091] The connecting rod 21 includes a rod body 2 | 1 embedded with a sensing wire and a water injection pipe, a first connecting head 212 extending from the middle part of the first end of the rod body 211, a second connecting head 213 extending from the periphery of the second end of the rod body 211, two oppositely arranged connecting holes 214 longitudinally penetrating through the second connecting head 213, a splicing buckle 215 installed in the first connecting head 212 and matching with the two connecting holes 214, a first sensing wire joint 216 installed in the first connecting head 212 and connected to the sensing wire, a first water injection pipe joint 217 installed in the first connecting head 212 and connected to the water injection pipe, a second sensing wire joint 218 located in the second connecting head 213 and connected to the sensing wire, and a second water injection pipe joint 219 located in the second connecting head 213 and connected to the water injection pipe. The shapes of the first sensing wire joint 216 and the second sensing wire joint 218 match, and the shape of the first water injection pipe joint 217 matches the shape of the second water injection pipe joint 219.

[0092] When detachably connecting two adjacent connecting rods, the first connecting head of one connecting rod extends into the second connecting head of the other connecting rod. The splicing buckle 215 in the first connecting head 212 aligns with the two connecting holes 214 in the second connecting head. The first sensing wire joint 216 and the second sensing wire joint 218 are detachably connected, and the first water injection pipe joint 217 and the second water injection pipe joint 219 are detachably connected.

[0093] In the present invention, when splicing multiple connecting rods, the elongation of the sensing wire and the water injection pipe can be completed. This design can prevent the sensing wire and the water injection pipe from being crowded together inside the acoustic logging tube, thereby affecting the detection efficiency of the anchor cable anchoring quality.

[0094] In the present invention, the rod body 211 is a cylindrical solid rod body.

[0095] In the present invention, the first end of the rod body 211 is the end facing the bottom of the anchor cable hole, and the second end of the rod body 211 is the other end opposite to the first end of the rod body. Please refer to Figure 8 , for Figure 8 's perspective as a reference, the first end is the right end and the second end is the left end.

[0096] In the present invention, the first connecting head 212 is a cylindrical rod body, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the rod body 211.

[0097] In the present invention, the second connecting head 213 is a circular ring structure, and the inner diameter of the second connecting head 213 is the same as the diameter of the first connecting head 212. The first connecting head 212 can be inserted into the second connecting head 213.

[0098] In an optional embodiment, the splicing buckle 215 includes a first spring 2151 and pressing heads 2152 respectively installed at both ends of the first spring 2151.

[0099] When the first connecting head of one connecting rod extends into the second connecting head of the other connecting rod, when the splicing buckle 215 in the first connecting head 212 aligns with the two connecting holes 214 in the second connecting head, driven by the first spring, the pressing heads at both ends respectively extend out from the two connecting holes, thereby completing the clamping.

[0100] Similarly, the disassembly method of the two connected connecting rods is specifically as follows: manually press the pressing heads at both ends of the splicing buckle 215 to make the first spring in a compressed state, and then pull out the first connecting head from the second connecting head to complete the disassembly.

[0101] It can be understood that when the first connecting head extends into the second connecting head, the first spring in the splicing buckle 215 is in a compressed state.

[0102] In an alternative embodiment, the splicing buckle 215 may further include a guide tube for receiving the first spring. When the first spring is in a compressed state, the pressing heads at both ends may also be located within the guide tube.

[0103] In the present invention, the first sensing wire joint 216 includes a joint space and a plurality of plugs located within the joint space. The second sensing wire joint 218 includes a connecting post that can be inserted into the joint space and a plurality of jacks formed within the connecting post. The plurality of plugs can be inserted into the plurality of jacks.

[0104] In the present invention, the first water injection pipe joint 217 includes a receiving hole having a plurality of recesses, and the second water injection pipe joint 219 is an insertion pipe having a plurality of protrusions. The insertion pipe can be inserted into the receiving hole.

[0105] In an alternative embodiment, the number of pulley assemblies 22 is four, and the included angle between two adjacent pulley assemblies 22 is 90 degrees.

[0106] In the present invention, a plurality of the pulley assemblies 22 are provided at one end of the rod body 211 close to the first connection head 212.

[0107] In an alternative embodiment, each pulley assembly 22 includes a pulley seat 221 fixedly connected to the connecting rod 21 and having an accommodation space, a second spring 222 installed within the accommodation space of the pulley seat 221 and fixedly connected to the pulley seat 221 at one end, and a pulley 223 fixedly connected to the other end of the second spring 222.

[0108] In the present invention, by providing a plurality of pulley assemblies 22 on the connecting rod 21, on the one hand, the pulley assemblies can be attached to the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube, facilitating the advancement of the connecting rod in the acoustic logging tube. On the other hand, the stiffness of the connecting rod is increased to prevent serious buckling or even breakage when the connecting rod is too long.

[0109] Please refer to Figures 12 to 14, the detection mechanism 30 includes a rubber shell 31 having a receiving space, an ultrasonic probe 32 received in the rubber shell 31 and having a gap 31A with the rubber shell 31, a first connection seat 33 located in the rubber shell 31 and fixedly connected to the first end of the rubber shell 31, a plurality of spaced first support rods 34 fixedly connected to the first connection seat 33 and the ultrasonic probe 32 at both ends respectively, a connection assembly 35 provided at one end of the rubber shell 31 away from the closing and locking member and connected to the first connection seat 33, a second connection seat 36 extending outwards from the rubber shell 31 and fixedly connected to the second end of the rubber shell 31, a pressure sensor 37 provided at one end of the ultrasonic probe 32 close to the second connection seat 36, a plurality of spaced second support rods 38 fixedly connected to the second connection seat 36 and the pressure sensor 37 at both ends respectively, and a water mist nozzle 39 installed on the second connection seat 36. The space inside the rubber shell 31 is filled with water so that the rubber shell 31 expands and closely adheres to the inner wall of the acoustic measuring tube 11.

[0110] In the present invention, the first end of the rubber shell 31 is the end of the rubber shell 31 away from the bottom end of the anchor cable hole, and the second end of the rubber shell 31 is the other end opposite to the first end of the rubber shell 31. Please refer to Figure 12 , the first end of the rubber shell 31 is the left end, and the second end of the rubber shell 31 is the right end.

[0111] In an optional embodiment, the rubber shell 31 is of a cylindrical structure.

[0112] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the length of the rubber shell 31 is 120 mm and the diameter is 25 mm.

[0113] In the present invention, the rubber shell 31 is made of a material with good ductility and wear resistance.

[0114] In the present invention, the ultrasonic probe 32 is used to emit ultrasonic pulse information and receive echo signals to realize the detection of the anchoring quality in the circumferential range.

[0115] In the present invention, the ultrasonic probe 32 is wrapped in the rubber shell and the rubber is filled with water and has no bubbles. In this way, the energy of the ultrasonic pulse information can be attenuated slowly to ensure that the ultrasonic pulse signal can be effectively transmitted between the ultrasonic probe and the anchor cable.

[0116] In the present invention, the first connection seat 33, the plurality of first support rods 34, the second connection seat 36 and the plurality of second support rods 38 together function to install the ultrasonic probe 32 and the pressure sensor 37.

[0117] In the present invention, the shapes of the first connecting seat 33 and the second connecting seat 36 are not limited and may be cylindrical or the like.

[0118] In the present invention, the first connecting seat 33 is provided with a first water hole 331, and a plurality of first support rods 34 are arranged at intervals to form a first connecting space 34A; the second connecting seat 36 is provided with a second water hole 361, and a plurality of second support rods 38 are arranged at intervals to form a second connecting space 38A.

[0119] The connecting assembly 35 is used to connect to the first end of the connecting rod 21, and includes a connecting shell 351 for accommodating the first connecting head 212, a sensor line connecting joint 352 for connecting to the first sensor line joint 216, a water injection pipe connecting joint 353 for connecting to the first water injection pipe joint 217, and two through holes formed longitudinally through the connecting shell 351 for matching with the splicing buckle 215.

[0120] In the present invention, the connecting shell 351 is a cylindrical shell, and its shape is the same as that of the second connecting head 213, the shape of the sensing line connecting joint 352 is the same as that of the second sensing line connecting joint 218, and the shape of the water injection pipe connecting joint 353 is the same as that of the second water injection pipe connecting joint 219. When the mounting mechanism 20 is connected with the detection mechanism 30, the first connecting head 212 of the connecting rod 21 is inserted into the connecting shell 351 to form a snap connection, and the first sensing line connecting joint 216 is connected to the sensing line connecting joint 352, and the first water injection pipe connecting joint 217 is connected to the water injection pipe connecting joint 353.

[0121] In the present invention, the external water source, the water injection pipe pre-buried in the installation mechanism, the water injection pipe connecting joint 353, the first water hole 331, the first connecting space 34A, the gap 31A, the second water hole 361, the second connecting space 38A and the water mist nozzle 39 are connected in sequence.

[0122] In the present invention, the pressure sensor 37 is used to collect water pressure data in the rubber shell 31, and the water mist nozzle 39 is used to spray water onto the outer wall of the rubber shell and the inner wall of the acoustic detection tube.

[0123] In the present invention, the pressure sensor 37 and the water mist nozzle 39 are respectively connected to the control, and the controller receives the water pressure data inside the rubber shell sent by the pressure sensor 37 and adjusts the external water source pressure or the water spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle 39 based on the water pressure data to make the shape of the rubber shell 31 match the shape of the inner wall of the acoustic detection tube 11.

[0124] Affected by factors such as the creep of the grouting body and the movement of the formation during the construction of the anchor cable, the acoustic logging tube will deform, causing the internal environment to change accordingly. When the shape of the rubber shell remains unchanged throughout the detection process, if the cross-sectional area of the acoustic logging tube expands, it may cause the rubber shell to be separated from the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube, resulting in the inability of the ultrasonic pulse signal to be transmitted to the inside of the anchor cable. If the cross-sectional area of the acoustic logging tube shrinks, it may cause an increase in the frictional resistance between the rubber shell and the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube, affecting the quality detection efficiency and even wearing the rubber shell. Therefore, it is extremely important to ensure that the shape of the rubber shell adapts to the current internal environment of the acoustic logging tube. The present invention adjusts the external water source pressure or the spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle based on the water pressure data inside the rubber shell to ensure that the shape of the rubber shell matches the shape of the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube.

[0125] At the same time, the water droplets sprayed on the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube by the water mist nozzle 39 can fill the micro-pores between the rubber shell and the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube, ensuring that the ultrasonic pulse signal can effectively penetrate the interface between the rubber membrane and the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube. Therefore, the opening and closing of the water mist nozzle and the magnitude of the spraying intensity can be controlled not only by the water pressure state signal identified by the pressure sensor, but also by the reception quality of the ultrasonic pulse signal by the ultrasonic probe. If the ultrasonic probe 32 fails to receive an effective echo signal, it indicates that although the rubber shell 31 is closely attached to the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube 11 macroscopically, there are still many micro-pores at the interface between the two, resulting in the inability of the ultrasonic pulse signal to penetrate the interface between the two. Therefore, it is necessary to open the water mist nozzle to spray water on the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube.

[0126] In the present invention, the water droplets evenly sprayed on the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube, the water droplets on the outer wall of the rubber shell, and the water inside the rubber shell together constitute the coupling agent for ultrasonic detection, which can greatly reduce the pores between the ultrasonic probe and the inner wall of the acoustic logging tube, ensuring that the ultrasonic pulse signal can effectively be transmitted between the ultrasonic probe and the inside of the anchor cable.

[0127] In the present invention, the infrared sensor 40 is used to realize the detection of the length of the anchor cable.

[0128] In the present invention, the infrared sensor 40 is installed at one end of the second connecting seat 36 facing the closing and locking member 13, and is used to obtain the distance between the end of the detection mechanism 30 away from the installation mechanism 20 and the bottom end of the anchor cable hole.

[0129] In the present invention, the length of the anchor cable = the distance obtained by the infrared sensor + the sum of the lengths of multiple connecting rods + the length of the rubber shell.

[0130] In the present invention, the infrared sensor 40 can also be used to judge the distance between the detection mechanism and the bottom end of the acoustic logging tube during the movement, preventing the detection mechanism from colliding with the bottom end of the acoustic logging tube when it approaches the bottom end of the acoustic logging tube, which may cause damage to the detection mechanism.

[0131] The controller is respectively connected to the pressure sensor, the ultrasonic probe, the infrared sensor and the water mist nozzle, and controls the working state of the water mist nozzle and outputs the anchor cable anchoring quality information based on the data sent by the pressure sensor, the ultrasonic probe and the infrared sensor received.

[0132] Specifically: The controller is used to receive the echo signal sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtain the grouting quality information of the anchorage section based on the echo signal and the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic probe; the controller is also used to receive the acquisition data sent by the infrared sensor and obtain the anchor cable length based on the acquisition data and the depth data of the infrared sensor in the anchor cable hole; the controller is also used to receive the water pressure data in the rubber shell sent by the pressure sensor and adjust the external water source pressure or the water spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle based on the water pressure data; the controller is also used to control the water mist nozzle to open when the ultrasonic probe does not receive an echo signal.

[0133] In the present invention, the controller is connected to the pressure sensor, the ultrasonic probe, the infrared sensor and the water mist nozzle through sensing wires.

[0134] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a detection method for detecting the anchoring quality of slope prestressed anchor cables by using the ultrasonic detection device described above. The detection method includes:

[0135] Step 1: Use the bearing mechanism to complete the production of the anchor cable. The production of the anchor cable includes: sleeving a plurality of limiting plates of the bearing mechanism outside the acoustic logging tube at a preset interval, and installing a closed locking component at the port at the end of the acoustic logging tube; first passing multiple steel strands through the steel strand installation holes on the plurality of limiting plates one by one and fixing them with the closed locking component, and then passing the grouting pipes through the spare holes of the plurality of limiting plates in sequence to complete the production of the anchor cable, where the number of grouting pipes is one or more, and each grouting pipe passes through different spare holes.

[0136] Step 2: After the anchor cable is sent into the anchor cable hole, carry out the anchor cable grouting work.

[0137] Step 3: After the grout injected into the anchor cable hole solidifies, first splice multiple connecting rods and the detection mechanism in sequence, then connect the sensing wire to the controller and connect the water injection pipe to the external water source, and then set the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe in the controller according to the provisions of the "Technical Specification for Anchor Cable Detection and Monitoring" (JGJT 401-2017).

[0138] Step 4: Drive the detection mechanism to move towards the end of the sonic logging tube by pushing the connecting rod. During the pushing process, the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic pulse signals and receives echo signals in real time, and sends the received echo signals to the controller. The controller receives the echo signals sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtains the grouting quality information of the anchorage section based on the echo signals, the ultrasonic pulse signals, and the echo signals emitted by the ultrasonic probe.

[0139] The grouting quality information of the anchorage section includes the defect location and the degree of grouting fullness.

[0140] In the present invention, the ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of the slope prestressed anchor cable is based on the acoustic transmission method. By using the ultrasonic pulse signals (echo signals) reflected by the anchor cable and performing time-domain and frequency-domain analysis on them, the grouting quality information of the anchor cable can be accurately and quickly identified.

[0141] In an optional embodiment, the detection method further includes: the controller receives the data collected by the infrared sensor and obtains the length of the anchor cable based on the data collected by the infrared sensor and the depth data of the infrared sensor in the anchor cable hole.

[0142] In the present invention, the depth data of the infrared sensor in the anchor cable hole is the sum of the lengths of multiple connecting rods located in the anchor cable hole and the length of the rubber shell.

[0143] In an optional embodiment, the detection method further includes: the controller receives the water pressure data in the rubber shell sent by the pressure sensor and adjusts the external water source pressure or the spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle based on the water pressure data so that the shape of the rubber shell matches the inner wall shape of the sonic logging tube.

[0144] In an optional embodiment, the detection method further includes: when the controller does not receive the reflected ultrasonic pulse signal, it controls the water mist nozzle to open.

[0145] Example 1

[0146] In the expansion project of a certain expressway, it is necessary to excavate the roadbed slope. After excavation, the slope height is 20m and the slope angle is 65°. This slope is composed of gravelly soil, with an average natural unit weight γ = 18.2kN / m³, an average cohesion c = 32.2kPa, and an average internal friction angle φ = 35.9°. In order to improve the slope stability and ensure the safe operation of the expressway, prestressed anchor cables are proposed to reinforce the slope. Among them, the designed length of the prestressed anchor cables ranges from 25m to 30m, the longitudinal and transverse layout spacing is 2m×2m, and they are composed of 6 steel strands. The diameter of the anchor cable holes for placing the anchor cables is 120mm. Now, the ultrasonic detection device and method for the anchorage quality of the slope prestressed anchor cables are used to carry out non-destructive detection of the anchorage quality of the long and deep prestressed anchor cables, so as to accurately grasp the construction quality of the prestressed anchor cables.

[0147] The specific operations are as follows:

[0148] (1) According to the provisions of the "Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering" (GB 50330-2013), determine the number of strands and length of the anchor cable steel strands, and thus select the standard section length and quantity of the sonic logging tubes required for each anchor cable. At the same time, determine the type, spacing, and number of the limiting plates.

[0149] In this embodiment, the number of strands of the anchor cable steel strands is 6, the length is from 25m to 30m, the standard section length of the sonic logging tube is 5m, the number of sonic logging tubes required for each anchor cable is 5 to 6, there are 6 steel strand installation holes on the periphery of the limiting plate, with a diameter of 110mm and a thickness of 20mm; 12 to 15 limiting plates are arranged along the extension direction of the sonic logging tube, and the spacing between adjacent limiting plates is about 2m.

[0150] (2) Drill holes at the installation position of the anchor cable.

[0151] (3) Slip the limiting plates onto the periphery of the sonic logging tube one by one at the specified spacing. At the same time, splice multiple standard sections of the sonic logging tube together, and then install a closed locking component at the end port of the sonic logging tube.

[0152] (4) Pass the steel strands through the steel strand installation holes on the limiting plates one by one, and finally firmly tie them to the steel strand tying holes of the closed locking component. Subsequently, pass the grouting tubes through the spare holes on the limiting plates one by one, thus completing the production of the anchor cable.

[0153] (5) Send the anchor cable into the drill hole, and then carry out the grouting work of the anchor cable. During this process, prevent the cement slurry from splashing into the sonic logging tube.

[0154] (6) After the slurry has solidified, the ultrasonic detection work on the anchorage quality of the anchor cable can be carried out. First, splice an appropriate amount of connecting rods with the detection mechanism according to the length of the sonic logging tube in the anchor cable. Subsequently, connect the sensing wire to the controller and connect the water injection pipe to the external water source.

[0155] (7) According to the provisions of the Technical Specification for Anchor Cable Detection and Monitoring (JGJT 401-2017), set parameters such as the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic probe in the controller.

[0156] (8) Push the connecting rod and slowly and uniformly push the detection mechanism to the end of the acoustic logging tube. During the pushing process of the detection mechanism, the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic pulse signals in real time and receives echo signals, and transmits the echo signals back to the controller for data comparison and analysis. After the detection is completed, information such as the length of the anchor cable and the anchoring quality can be obtained. During this process, the pressure sensor of the detection mechanism is used to intelligently sense the water pressure inside the rubber shell, and then timely adjust the water injection pressure of the external water source and control the spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle. At the same time, the infrared sensor at the front end of the detection mechanism is used to independently judge the distance between the detection machine and the bottom of the acoustic logging tube during the movement, so as to control the pushing speed of the detection mechanism.

[0157] (9) According to the provisions of the Construction Quality Acceptance Standard for Building Slope Engineering (GB / T51351-2019), judge whether the construction quality of the anchor cable meets the standards. If it meets the standards, carry out the subsequent tensioning work of the steel strand to apply prestress to the anchor cable. Otherwise, pull out the anchor cable and re-construct and detect until the construction quality of the anchor cable meets the standards.

[0158] The specific detection results of Example 1 are as follows: The anchoring quality of the slope prestressed anchor cable is good, and the grouting fullness degree of the anchoring section is 100%, that is, there are no defective sections and defective positions in the anchoring section, and the lengths of the prestressed anchor cables all meet the design dimension requirements.

[0159] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementation manners. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions and substitutions can still be made, which should all be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes. The prestressed anchor cables are installed in cable holes, including a free section without grouting and an anchored section with grouting. It is characterized in that, The cable anchor includes multiple steel strands, and the ultrasonic detection device includes: A bearing mechanism, which includes a sonic logging tube inserted into the cable anchor hole and having the same length as the prestressed cable anchor, and a closed locking component installed at the end port of the sonic logging tube. The central axis of the sonic logging tube and the center line of the cable anchor hole are on the same straight line; A detection mechanism, which is installed in the sonic logging tube. It includes a rubber shell with a receiving space, an ultrasonic probe received in the rubber shell and having a gap with the rubber shell, a first connection seat located in the rubber shell and fixedly connected to the first end of the rubber shell, a plurality of spaced first support rods respectively connected to the ultrasonic probe and the first connection seat at both ends, and a connection component provided at the first end of the rubber shell and connected to the first connection seat. The connection component includes a connection shell fixedly connected to the first connection seat and a water injection pipe connection joint located in the connection shell. The water injection pipe connection joint communicates with a first communication space formed by the plurality of spaced first support rods. External water source enters the rubber shell through the water injection pipe connection joint and the first communication space and causes the rubber shell to expand and closely adhere to the inner wall of the sonic logging tube; An installation mechanism, which is installed in the sonic logging tube and is detachably connected to the connection component of the detection mechanism. The installation mechanism is used to drive the detection mechanism to move in the sonic logging tube; A controller, which is connected to the ultrasonic probe. The controller is used to receive the echo signal sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtain the grouting quality information of the anchorage section based on the echo signal and the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic probe; The detection mechanism further includes a pressure sensor for collecting the water pressure data in the rubber shell and a water mist nozzle communicated with the gap. The pressure sensor and the water mist nozzle are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the water pressure data in the rubber shell sent by the pressure sensor and adjust the external water source pressure or the spraying intensity of the water mist nozzle based on the water pressure data, so that the shape of the rubber shell matches the shape of the inner wall of the sonic logging tube; The controller is also used to control the water mist nozzle to open when the ultrasonic probe does not receive an echo signal.

2. The ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of the prestressed anchor cable on the slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic detection device further includes an infrared sensor installed at one end of the detection mechanism facing the closed locking component. The infrared sensor is connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the collected data sent by the infrared sensor and obtain the cable anchor length based on the collected data and the depth data of the infrared sensor in the cable anchor hole.

3. The ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes according to claim 2, wherein, The pressure sensor is arranged at the other end of the ultrasonic probe away from the first connecting seat, and the detection mechanism also includes a second connecting seat extending outward from the rubber shell and fixedly connected to the second end of the rubber shell, and a plurality of second support rods arranged at intervals and connected to the pressure sensor and the second connecting seat at both ends respectively. The water mist nozzle and the infrared sensor are both installed at one end of the second connecting seat facing the closed locking component, and the water mist nozzle is connected to a second connecting space formed by the plurality of second support rods arranged at intervals. The external water source, the water injection pipe connecting joint, the first connecting space, the gap, the second connecting space and the water mist nozzle are connected in sequence.

4. The slope prestressed anchor cable anchorage quality ultrasonic detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The bearing mechanism also includes a plurality of limit plates sleeved on the outside of the acoustic detection tube, and the limit plates include a plate body, an acoustic detection tube mounting hole formed through the middle position of the plate body, and a plurality of spare holes and a plurality of steel strand mounting holes arranged around the acoustic detection tube mounting hole. Some of the spare holes are used for installing grouting pipes, and the steel strand mounting holes are used for installing steel strands, and the number of the steel strand mounting holes is the same as the number of the steel strands.

5. The ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The acoustic detection tube is composed of a plurality of acoustic detection tube unit segments spliced together. Each of the acoustic detection tube unit segments includes a tube body, an external thread provided on the outer wall of the first end of the tube body, and a splicing joint provided on the second end of the tube body and having an internal thread. The inner diameter of the splicing joint is the same as the outer diameter of the tube body. The first end of one acoustic detection tube unit segment is inserted into the second end of another acoustic detection tube unit segment, and the two are threadedly connected by rotating one of the acoustic detection tube unit segments.

6. The ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of the prestressed anchor cable on the slope according to claim 5, wherein, The mounting mechanism includes a plurality of detachably connected connecting rods and a plurality of pulley assemblies mounted on the outer wall of each connecting rod and evenly arranged around the central axis of the connecting rod. Each pulley assembly abuts against the inner wall of the acoustic detection tube and can slide along the inner wall of the acoustic detection tube.

7. The ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of prestressed anchor cables on slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting rod includes a rod body with a pre-embedded water injection pipe, a first connecting head extending from the middle part of the first end of the rod body, a second connecting head extending from the periphery of the second end of the rod body, two connecting holes arranged opposite each other formed by longitudinally passing through the second connecting head, a splicing clip installed in the first connecting head and matching the two connecting holes, a first water injection pipe joint provided in the first connecting head and connected to the water injection pipe, and a second water injection pipe joint located in the second connecting head and connected to the water injection pipe. The first connecting head can be inserted into the second connecting head, and the shape of the first water injection pipe joint matches the shape of the second water injection pipe joint.

8. The ultrasonic detection device for the anchoring quality of the prestressed anchor cable on the slope according to claim 1, characterized in that The closing and locking component is used to close the acoustic detection tube and tie multiple steel strands. It includes a closing cover with an internal thread, multiple overlapping flanges hinged to the closing cover, multiple steel strand binding holes formed through each of the overlapping flanges, and multiple steel strand fasteners respectively arranged at the end of each of the overlapping flanges. The acoustic detection tube is threadedly connected to the closing cover, and the number of the overlapping flanges is the same as the number of steel strands.

9. A detection method for detecting the anchoring quality of slope prestressed anchor cables by using the ultrasonic detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The detection method comprises: Step 1. Fabricate the anchor cable by using the bearing mechanism. The fabrication of the anchor cable includes: Sheath a plurality of limiting plates of the bearing mechanism around the sonic logging tube at a preset spacing, and install a closing and locking component at the end port of the sonic logging tube; First, pass multiple steel strands through the steel strand installation holes on the plurality of limiting plates one by one and fix them by using the closing and locking component. Then, pass the grouting pipes through the spare holes of the plurality of limiting plates in sequence to complete the fabrication of the anchor cable. Among them, the number of the grouting pipes is one or more, and each grouting pipe passes through a different spare hole; Step 2. After the anchor cable is sent into the anchor cable hole, carry out the anchor cable grouting work; Step 3. After the slurry injected into the anchor cable hole solidifies, first splice multiple connecting rods and the detection mechanism in sequence, then connect the controller to the ultrasonic probe and connect the water injection pipe to an external water source. Then, set the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe in the controller according to the provisions of the Technical Specification for Anchor Cable Detection and Monitoring JGJT 401-2017; Step 4. Drive the detection mechanism to move towards the end of the sonic logging tube by pushing the connecting rod. During the pushing process, the ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic pulse signals in real time and receives echo signals, and sends the received echo signals to the controller. The controller receives the echo signals sent by the ultrasonic probe and obtains the grouting quality information of the anchorage section based on the echo signals and the ultrasonic pulse signals emitted by the ultrasonic probe.

Images