Attractant for efficient pollination of muskmelon and preparation method of attractant

Abstract

The invention relates to an attractant for efficient pollination of muskmelons and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of crop bee pollination, the attractant comprises the following raw materials: 15-20 parts of a modified microcapsule compound, 10-15 parts of a saccharide active component, 4-6 parts of a solubilizer, 3-5 parts of an emulsifier and 60-70 parts of water; according to the technical scheme, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and Schiff alkalized mesoporous silica are combined to obtain the composite material; the composite material is firstly mixed with an essential oil compound and then mixed with a color active component, and a functional material is obtained; the preparation method comprises the following steps: coating a functional material with Arabic gum and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule compound; and mixing the modified microcapsule compound, a solubilizer, an emulsifier, a saccharide active component and water to finally prepare the attractant for efficient pollination of the muskmelon. The slow release performance, the attraction performance and the stability of the attractant are integrally improved, the shelf life of the attractant is prolonged, the pollination efficiency of muskmelon flowers is improved, and the comprehensive performance is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bee pollination of crops, and in particular relates to an attractant for efficient pollination of melons and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Melon is an important economic crop that is widely planted around the world. The pollination process of melon is crucial to its yield and quality. Under natural conditions, melons mainly rely on insects (such as bees, bumblebees, etc.) for pollination, which can reduce the cost of artificial pollination and increase production benefits. However, with the development of agricultural modernization, the popularization of large-scale planting and greenhouse cultivation, traditional natural pollination methods face many challenges. For example, factors such as the reduction in the number of bees, climate change, and the use of pesticides have led to a decrease in the pollination efficiency of insects, which in turn affects the fruit set rate and fruit quality of melons. Therefore, in order to improve the pollination efficiency of melons, researchers and agricultural producers have begun to explore the use of attractants to attract insects, especially bumblebees and bees, in recent years to ensure the effective spread of melon pollen. However, existing attractants still have some problems in practical applications, which limits their scope of application.

[0003] In the prior art, common attractant formulas are mostly flower juices or syrups of various plants, mixed with a large amount of sugar. The prepared attractants are sprayed on plants, which can easily cause various diseases in the plants and attract other pests to cause harm. Bumblebees are very sensitive to smells and colors, and existing attractants often cannot meet their olfactory and visual needs, resulting in low pollination efficiency of melon flowers. Moreover, the active ingredients in the attractants (such as essential oils, aroma compounds, etc.) are easily affected by light, temperature, oxidation, etc., causing their aroma and color to disappear or degrade quickly, which not only shortens the shelf life of the attractant, but also reduces its continued attractiveness to bumblebees, resulting in a decrease in the pollination efficiency and fruit set rate of melon flowers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an attractant for efficient pollination of melon and a preparation method thereof. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is combined with Schiff-base mesoporous silica to obtain a composite material; Schiff-base mesoporous silica is prepared by combining a Schiff base compound with mesoporous silica, and the binding force between the Schiff base compound and the mesoporous silica is good, which is beneficial to the loading and sustained release of essential oils, and improves its controlled release ability, enhances the adsorption capacity of mesoporous silica, and further improves the stability and attracting performance of the attractant; the composite material is first mixed with an essential oil compound and then mixed with a color active ingredient to obtain a functional material; the essential oil compound not only It has good attraction to bumblebees and can effectively repel pests that are harmful to melon flowers. The color active ingredient can effectively improve the attractant's ability to attract bumblebees and improve the pollination efficiency of melon flowers. The functional material is coated with gum arabic and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule complex. The antioxidant properties of the color active ingredient and essential oil compound can be improved, its slow release performance can be improved, and its thermal stability and mechanical stability can be enhanced. After mixing the modified microcapsule complex, solubilizer, emulsifier, sugar active ingredient and water, an attractant for efficient melon pollination is finally prepared, which generally improves the comprehensive performance of the attractant and extends its shelf life.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows: In the prior art, common attractant formulas are mostly flower juices or syrups of various plants, mixed with a large amount of sugar. The prepared attractants are sprayed on plants, which can easily cause various diseases in the plants and attract other pests to cause harm; bumblebees are very sensitive to smell and color, and existing attractants often cannot meet their olfactory and visual needs, resulting in low pollination efficiency of melon flowers; and the active ingredients in the attractants (such as essential oils, aroma compounds, etc.) are easily affected by light, temperature, oxidation, etc., causing their aroma and color to disappear or degrade rapidly, which not only shortens the shelf life of the attractant, but also reduces its continued attractiveness to bumblebees, resulting in a decrease in the pollination efficiency and fruit set rate of melon flowers.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An attractant for efficient pollination of melons, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of a modified microcapsule complex, 10-15 parts of a saccharide active ingredient, 4-6 parts of a solubilizer, 3-5 parts of an emulsifier and 60-70 parts of water; The preparation method of the modified microcapsule composite comprises the following steps: S1: Composite materials were obtained by combining hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with Schiff-base mesoporous silica; S2: The composite material is first mixed with the essential oil compound, and then mixed with the color active ingredient to obtain a functional material; S3: The functional material is coated by gum arabic and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule composite.

[0007] Furthermore, step S1 is specifically as follows: The Schiff-alkalized mesoporous silica is added to deionized water and stirred evenly, and then hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is added and stirred at 50-60° C. for 1-2 hours, centrifuged for 10-15 minutes, washed with ethanol, and dried at room temperature for 11-13 hours to obtain a composite material.

[0008] In the above reaction process, the molecular size of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is relatively small, and the pore size of Schiff-base mesoporous silica is relatively large, so hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin can enter the pores of Schiff-base mesoporous silica, and finally a composite material is obtained.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the Schiff-alkalized mesoporous silica, deionized water, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is 0.8-1.2:400-500:7-8.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the Schiff-based mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: A1: Mix a silane coupling agent, an aldehyde compound and anhydrous ethanol, and then reflux at 90-100°C for 2-4 hours, remove the anhydrous ethanol by rotary evaporation, add dichloromethane, wash with deionized water, add anhydrous magnesium chloride to remove residual water, and let stand for 11-13 hours. After filtering, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound; A2: Mix hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and deionized water, and stir at 30-40°C until completely dissolved, then add ammonia water, and adjust the pH value of the system to 7.5-8.5, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, and stir at 50-60°C for 1-2h, then add Schiff base compound, continue stirring for 5-7h, crystallize at 30-40°C, filter, wash with deionized water, and finally freeze-dry at -30--20°C to obtain Schiff base mesoporous silica.

[0011] In the above reaction process, in step A1, the silane coupling agent has an amino group, and the aldehyde compound has an aldehyde group. The amino group in the silane coupling agent can react and combine with the aldehyde group in the aldehyde compound to form a Schiff base structure to obtain a Schiff base compound; in step A2, tetraethyl orthosilicate is hydrolyzed and condensed by a sol-gel method to form mesoporous silica. After the Schiff base compound is added, the Schiff base compound can be grafted onto the mesoporous silica to finally obtain Schiff base-treated mesoporous silica.

[0012] Furthermore, in step A1, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent, the aldehyde compound, and anhydrous ethanol is 4-5:2-3:90-110.

[0013] Furthermore, in step A1, the silane coupling agent is KH550 or KH792.

[0014] Furthermore, in step A1, the aldehyde compound is composed of salicylaldehyde and o-aldehydephenylboronic acid mixed in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.4-0.5.

[0015] Furthermore, in step A2, the mass ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to deionized water is 0.8-1.2:140-160.

[0016] Furthermore, step S2 is specifically as follows: The composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then into the essential oil compound, stirred at room temperature for 2-4 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and the stirring is continued for 1-2 hours, centrifuged for 10-15 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol, and finally freeze-dried at -30--20°C to obtain a functional material.

[0017] During the above reaction process, the composite material contains hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and mesoporous silica, the essential oil compound can be included in the cavity of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and the color active ingredient can be loaded on the surface of the mesoporous silica, and finally a functional material is obtained.

[0018] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient is 0.8-1.2:90-110:0.4-0.6:0.2-0.3.

[0019] Furthermore, the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.4-0.5:0.3-0.4.

[0020] Furthermore, the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8-0.9:0.5-0.6.

[0021] Furthermore, step S3 is specifically as follows: Add polycaprolactone to dichloromethane and stir until completely dissolved to obtain component A; add gum arabic and sodium chloride to deionized water and stir in a water bath at 40-50°C until completely dissolved; then add emulsifier A to obtain component B; add functional materials to deionized water, stir evenly, add to component A, and stir for 3-5 minutes to form an emulsion; add the emulsion to component B, then add a cross-linking agent, and stir for 3-7 minutes; continue stirring at 35-45°C for 2-4 hours, then centrifuge for 5-10 minutes, filter, and freeze-dry at minus 30°C to minus 20°C to obtain a modified microcapsule complex.

[0022] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the polycaprolactone to dichloromethane is 0.8-1.2:10-20.

[0023] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the gum arabic, sodium chloride, deionized water and emulsifier A is 0.8-1.2: 0.2-0.3: 90-110: 0.04-0.06.

[0024] Furthermore, the emulsifier A is composed of Tween 80 and Span 80 mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0025] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the functional material, deionized water and component A is 0.8-1.2:5-10:20-30.

[0026] Furthermore, the cross-linking agent is glutaraldehyde.

[0027] A method for preparing an attractant for efficient pollination of melons comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials in parts by mass, mix the modified microcapsule complex, the solubilizer and the emulsifier, and stir them evenly to obtain system A; dissolve the sugar active ingredient in water to obtain system B; mix system A and system B evenly to finally obtain an attractant for efficient pollination of melon.

[0028] Furthermore, the solubilizing agent is polyethylene glycol or dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0029] Furthermore, the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester or sodium stearate.

[0030] Furthermore, the carbohydrate active ingredient is composed of a mixture of glucose and fructose in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.5-0.6.

[0031] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the system A to the system B is 1-2:1.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) In the technical scheme of the present invention, a composite material is obtained by combining hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with Schiff-base-treated mesoporous silica; Schiff-base-treated mesoporous silica is obtained by combining a Schiff-base compound with mesoporous silica, wherein the Schiff-base compound is obtained by combining a silane coupling agent with an aldehyde compound; salicylaldehyde and o-aldehyde phenylboronic acid in the aldehyde compound can not only combine with the silane coupling agent to form a Schiff-base structure, but the boric acid group in the o-aldehyde phenylboronic acid can also combine with the color active ingredient in the subsequent reaction, thereby improving the binding force between the o-aldehyde phenylboronic acid and the mesoporous silica, enhancing its compatibility, and improving its color stability and antioxidant properties. The mesoporous silica has a large specific surface area and pore volume, adjustable pore size, and is non-toxic and stable. The characteristics of being easy to modify are beneficial to the loading and sustained release of essential oils. By combining Schiff base compounds with mesoporous silica, its controlled release ability can be further improved, so that the essential oils can be continuously and slowly released, thereby enhancing its release stability and improving the attractant performance of the attractant. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin has the characteristics of high solubility, high biocompatibility and low toxicity, which can better encapsulate the essential oils, reduce the volatilization of the essential oils, and enhance the inclusion stability. Combining hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with Schiff base-treated mesoporous silica can not only increase the encapsulation ability of the essential oils and enhance the adsorption capacity of the mesoporous silica, but also improve the thermal stability and mechanical stability of the overall structure, thereby further improving the stability and attractant performance of the attractant.

[0033] (2) In the technical scheme of the present invention, the functional material is obtained by first mixing the composite material with the essential oil compound and then mixing it with the color active ingredient; the essential oil compound is composed of a mixture of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil, the three of which have a synergistic effect, not only having good attraction to bumblebees, but also effectively repelling pests that are harmful to melon flowers, thereby enhancing the pollination efficiency of bumblebees on melon flowers; the color active ingredient is composed of a mixture of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide, the butterfly pea flower extract is rich in anthocyanins and can appear blue, and the titanium dioxide can appear white, both of which have good attraction to bumblebees and can effectively improve the attractant's ability to attract bumblebees. The composite material is first mixed with the essential oil compound and then mixed with the color active ingredient, so that the essential oil can be The color active ingredients are better encapsulated in the pores of mesoporous silica, and the color active ingredients are loaded on the surface of mesoporous silica, which enhances the attracting performance of the attractant and improves the pollination efficiency of melon flowers; the functional material is coated with gum arabic and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule complex; both gum arabic and polycaprolactone have good coating ability for functional materials, which can improve the antioxidant properties of the color active ingredients and essential oil compounds, improve their slow release performance, enhance their thermal stability and mechanical stability, and make the attractant have better slow release performance, improve the attracting performance of the attractant, and further enhance the pollination efficiency and fruit setting rate of melon flowers; after mixing the modified microcapsule complex, solubilizer, emulsifier, sugar active ingredients and water, the attractant for efficient melon pollination is finally obtained.

[0034] (3) In the technical scheme of the present invention, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is combined with Schiff-base mesoporous silica, and then mixed with an essential oil compound and a color active ingredient to obtain a functional material; the functional material is coated with gum arabic and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule complex, and then mixed with a solubilizer, an emulsifier, a sugar active ingredient and water to finally obtain an attractant for efficient melon pollination; the overall sustained-release performance, attractant performance and stability of the attractant are improved, the shelf life of the attractant is extended, the pollination efficiency and fruit setting rate of melon flowers are improved, the overall comprehensive performance is good, and the environmental protection is good. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The specific parameters of the raw materials used in the present invention are as follows: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, CAS No.: 94035-02-6, provided by Shanghai Myril Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; salicylaldehyde, CAS No.: 90-02-8, provided by Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; o-formylphenylboronic acid, CAS No.: 40138-16-7, provided by Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; clove essential oil, CAS No.: 8015-97-2, provided by Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; lavender essential oil, CAS No.: 8000-28-0, provided by Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; citronella essential oil, product number: S25922, provided by Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; gum arabic, CAS No.: 9000-01-5, provided by Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; polycaprolactone, CAS No.: 24980-41-4, provided by Shanghai Myril Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Preparation of an attractant for efficient pollination of melons, the specific steps are: S1: According to the mass ratio of Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica, deionized water and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin being 0.8:400:7, Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica was added to deionized water and stirred evenly, and then hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was added, and stirred at 50°C for 1h, centrifuged at 8000rpm for 15min, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time was 3% of the mass of deionized water), dried at room temperature for 11h, and finally a composite material was obtained; The preparation method of Schiff-based mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: A1: KH550, the aldehyde compound and anhydrous ethanol are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:90, and then reacted and refluxed at 90°C for 2 hours, and the anhydrous ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation, and then dichloromethane is added (the mass of dichloromethane is 20% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol), and washed with deionized water for 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 15% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol), and anhydrous magnesium chloride is added to remove residual water, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 11 hours. After filtering, dichloromethane is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound, wherein the aldehyde compound is composed of salicylaldehyde and o-formylphenylboronic acid mixed in a mass ratio of 0.7:0.4; A2: According to the mass ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to deionized water of 0.8:140, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and deionized water are mixed and stirred at 30°C until completely dissolved, then 28wt% ammonia water is added, and the pH value of the system is adjusted to 7.5, and then tetraethyl orthosilicate (the mass of tetraethyl orthosilicate is 7 times the mass of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) is added, and after stirring at 50°C for 1h, a Schiff base compound is added, and stirring is continued for 5h, crystallized at 30°C for 24h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 10 times the mass of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), and finally freeze-dried at minus 30°C for 48h to obtain Schiff base mesoporous silica; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 0.8:90:0.4:0.2, the composite material in step S1 is added to deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and the stirring is continued for 1 hour, centrifuged at a speed of 4000 rpm for 15 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at minus 30°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil in a mass ratio of 0.7:0.4:0.3; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.5; S3: According to the mass ratio of polycaprolactone to dichloromethane of 0.8:10, polycaprolactone was added to dichloromethane and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain component A. According to the mass ratio of gum arabic, sodium chloride, deionized water and emulsifier A of 0.8:0.2:90:0.04, gum arabic and sodium chloride were added to deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 40°C until completely dissolved. Emulsifier A was then added to obtain component B. According to the mass ratio of functional material, deionized water and component A of 0.8:5:20, the functional material was added to the deionized water and stirred evenly. Then add it to component A and stir it at a speed of 4500rpm for 5min to form an emulsion. According to the mass ratio of emulsion to component B of 1:6, add the emulsion to component B, and then add glutaraldehyde (the mass of glutaraldehyde is 1% of the mass of the emulsion), stir it at a speed of 2000rpm for 7min, and then continue to stir at a speed of 600rpm at 35℃ for 4h, then centrifuge at a speed of 1500rpm for 10min, filter, and freeze-dry at minus 30℃ for 24h to obtain a modified microcapsule complex, wherein the emulsifier A is composed of Tween 80 and Span 80 mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3; An attractant for efficient pollination of melons, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of a modified microcapsule complex, 10 parts of a carbohydrate active ingredient, 4 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 3 parts of sodium stearate and 60 parts of water; The preparation method comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials in parts by mass, mix the modified microcapsule complex, dimethyl sulfoxide and sodium stearate, and stir evenly to obtain system A; dissolve the carbohydrate active ingredient in water to obtain system B; according to the mass ratio of system A to system B being 1:1, mix system A and system B evenly, and finally obtain an attractant for efficient pollination of melon, wherein the carbohydrate active ingredient is composed of glucose and fructose mixed in a mass ratio of 0.7:0.5.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Preparation of an attractant for efficient pollination of melons, the specific steps are: S1: According to the mass ratio of Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica, deionized water and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin being 1:450:7.5, Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica was added to deionized water and stirred evenly, and then hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was added, and stirred at 55°C for 1.5h, centrifuged at 10000rpm for 12min, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time was 3% of the mass of deionized water), dried at room temperature for 12h, and finally a composite material was obtained; The preparation method of Schiff-based mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: A1: KH792, the aldehyde compound and anhydrous ethanol are mixed in a mass ratio of 4.5:2.5:100, and then reacted and refluxed at 95°C for 3 hours, and the anhydrous ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation, and then dichloromethane is added (the mass of dichloromethane is 20% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol), and washed with deionized water for 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 15% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol), and anhydrous magnesium chloride is added to remove residual water, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 12 hours. After filtering, dichloromethane is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound, wherein the aldehyde compound is composed of salicylaldehyde and o-aldehyde phenylboronic acid mixed in a mass ratio of 0.75:0.45; A2: According to the mass ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to deionized water of 1:150, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and deionized water are mixed and stirred at 35°C until completely dissolved, then 28wt% ammonia water is added, and the pH value of the system is adjusted to 8, and then tetraethyl orthosilicate is added (the mass of tetraethyl orthosilicate is 7 times the mass of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), and after stirring at 55°C for 1.5h, a Schiff base compound is added, and stirring is continued for 6h, crystallized at 35°C for 24h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 10 times the mass of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), and finally freeze-dried at -25°C for 48h to obtain Schiff base mesoporous silica; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 1:100:0.5:0.25, the composite material in step S1 is added to deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and the stirring is continued for 1.5 hours, centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm for 12 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at minus 25°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil in a mass ratio of 0.75:0.45:0.35; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 0.85:0.55; S3: According to the mass ratio of polycaprolactone to dichloromethane of 1:15, polycaprolactone was added to dichloromethane and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain component A. According to the mass ratio of gum arabic, sodium chloride, deionized water and emulsifier A of 1:0.25:100:0.05, gum arabic and sodium chloride were added to deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 45°C until completely dissolved. Emulsifier A was then added to obtain component B. According to the mass ratio of functional material, deionized water and component A of 1:8:25, the functional material was added to the deionized water, stirred evenly and then added The mixture was added into component A and stirred at a speed of 5000 rpm for 4 minutes to form an emulsion. The mass ratio of the emulsion to component B was 1:6. Then, glutaraldehyde (the mass of glutaraldehyde was 1% of the mass of the emulsion) was added, and stirred at a speed of 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. The mixture was further stirred at a speed of 700 rpm at 40°C for 3 hours. The mixture was then centrifuged at a speed of 2000 rpm for 8 minutes. The mixture was filtered and freeze-dried at -25°C for 24 hours to obtain a modified microcapsule complex. The emulsifier A was composed of Tween 80 and Span 80 mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3. An attractant for efficient pollination of melons, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of a modified microcapsule complex, 12 parts of a carbohydrate active ingredient, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4 parts of a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester and 65 parts of water; The preparation method comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials in parts by mass, mix the modified microcapsule complex, polyethylene glycol and polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and stir evenly to obtain system A; dissolve the carbohydrate active ingredient in water to obtain system B; according to the mass ratio of system A to system B being 1.5:1, mix system A and system B evenly, and finally obtain an attractant for efficient pollination of melon, wherein the carbohydrate active ingredient is composed of glucose and fructose mixed in a mass ratio of 0.75:0.55.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Preparation of an attractant for efficient pollination of melons, the specific steps are: S1: According to the mass ratio of Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica, deionized water and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin being 1.2:500:8, Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica was added to deionized water and stirred evenly, and then hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was added, and stirred at 60°C for 2h, centrifuged at 12000rpm for 10min, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time was 3% of the mass of deionized water), dried at room temperature for 13h, and finally obtained a composite material; The preparation method of Schiff-based mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: A1: KH550, the aldehyde compound and the anhydrous ethanol are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:110, and then reacted and refluxed at 100°C for 4 hours, and the anhydrous ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation, and then dichloromethane is added (the mass of dichloromethane is 20% of the mass of the anhydrous ethanol), and washed with deionized water for 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 15% of the mass of the anhydrous ethanol), and anhydrous magnesium chloride is added to remove residual water, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 13 hours. After filtering, dichloromethane is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound, wherein the aldehyde compound is composed of salicylaldehyde and o-formylphenylboronic acid mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.5; A2: According to the mass ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to deionized water of 1.2:160, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and deionized water are mixed and stirred at 40°C until completely dissolved, then 28wt% ammonia water is added, and the pH value of the system is adjusted to 8.5, and then tetraethyl orthosilicate (the mass of tetraethyl orthosilicate is 7 times the mass of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) is added, and after stirring at 60°C for 2h, a Schiff base compound is added, and stirring is continued for 7h, crystallized at 40°C for 24h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 10 times the mass of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), and finally freeze-dried at -20°C for 48h to obtain Schiff base mesoporous silica; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added to deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and the stirring is continued for 2 hours, centrifuged at a speed of 6000rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at minus 20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.5:0.4; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 0.9:0.6; S3: According to the mass ratio of polycaprolactone to dichloromethane of 1.2:20, polycaprolactone was added to dichloromethane and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain component A. According to the mass ratio of gum arabic, sodium chloride, deionized water and emulsifier A of 1.2:0.3:110:0.06, gum arabic and sodium chloride were added to deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 50°C until completely dissolved. Emulsifier A was then added to obtain component B. According to the mass ratio of functional material, deionized water and component A of 1.2:10:30, functional material was added to deionized water and stirred. After homogenization, the mixture was added to component A and stirred at a speed of 5500 rpm for 3 minutes to form an emulsion. According to the mass ratio of the emulsion to component B being 1:6, the emulsion was added to component B, and glutaraldehyde (the mass of glutaraldehyde was 1% of the mass of the emulsion) was added, and stirred at a speed of 4000 rpm for 3 minutes, and then stirred at a speed of 800 rpm at 45°C for 2 hours, and then centrifuged at a speed of 2500 rpm for 5 minutes, filtered, and freeze-dried at minus 20°C for 24 hours to obtain a modified microcapsule complex, wherein the emulsifier A was composed of Tween 80 and Span 80 mixed at a mass ratio of 2:3; An attractant for efficient pollination of melons, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of a modified microcapsule complex, 15 parts of a carbohydrate active ingredient, 6 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 5 parts of sodium stearate and 70 parts of water; The preparation method comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials in parts by mass, mix the modified microcapsule complex, dimethyl sulfoxide and sodium stearate, and stir evenly to obtain system A; dissolve the carbohydrate active ingredient in water to obtain system B; according to the mass ratio of system A to system B being 2:1, mix system A and system B evenly, and finally obtain an attractant for efficient pollination of melon, wherein the carbohydrate active ingredient is composed of glucose and fructose mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.6.

[0043] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, the mass of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in step S1 is replaced by β-cyclodextrin, and the remaining steps and raw materials are synchronized with Example 3; S1: According to the mass ratio of Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica, deionized water and β-cyclodextrin being 1.2:500:8, Schiff alkaline mesoporous silica was added to deionized water and stirred evenly, and then β-cyclodextrin was added and stirred at 60°C for 2h, centrifuged at 12000rpm for 10min, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time was 3% of the mass of deionized water), dried at room temperature for 13h, and finally obtained a composite material.

[0044] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, the mass of the aldehyde compound in step A1 is replaced by salicylaldehyde, and the remaining steps and raw materials are synchronized with Example 3; A1: KH550, salicylaldehyde and anhydrous ethanol are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:110, and then reacted and refluxed at 100°C for 4 hours, and the anhydrous ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation, and then dichloromethane is added (the mass of dichloromethane is 20% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol), and washed with deionized water for 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 15% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol), and anhydrous magnesium chloride is added to remove residual water, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 13 hours. After filtering, dichloromethane is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound.

[0045] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, the mass of the aldehyde compound in step A1 is replaced by o-aldehydephenylboronic acid, and the remaining steps and raw materials are synchronized with Example 3; A1: KH550, o-formaldehyde phenylboronic acid and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:110, and then refluxed at 100°C for 4 hours, and the anhydrous ethanol was removed by rotary evaporation. Dichloromethane (the mass of dichloromethane is 20% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol) was added, and the mixture was washed with deionized water for 3 times (the mass of deionized water each time is 15% of the mass of anhydrous ethanol). Anhydrous magnesium chloride was added to remove residual water, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 13 hours. After filtering, the dichloromethane was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound.

[0046] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S2, the essential oil compound is composed of a mixture of clove essential oil and lavender essential oil, and the remaining steps and raw materials are the same as those of Example 3; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and stirring is continued for 2 hours. The mixture is centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at -20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil and lavender essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.9; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide mixed in a mass ratio of 0.9:0.6.

[0047] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S2, the essential oil compound is composed of a mixture of clove essential oil and citronella essential oil, and the remaining steps and raw materials are the same as those of Example 3; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and stirring is continued for 2 hours. The mixture is centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at -20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil and citronella essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.9; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide mixed in a mass ratio of 0.9:0.6.

[0048] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S2, the essential oil compound is composed of a mixture of lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil, and the remaining steps and raw materials are the same as those of Example 3; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and stirring is continued for 2 hours. The mixture is centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at -20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.9; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide mixed in a mass ratio of 0.9:0.6.

[0049] Comparative Example 7 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S2, the mass of the color active ingredient is replaced by butterfly pea flower extract, and the remaining steps and raw materials are synchronized with Example 3; S2: According to the mass ratio of the composite material, deionized water, the essential oil compound and the butterfly pea flower extract of 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then the butterfly pea flower extract is added and stirred for 2 hours. The mixture is centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at -20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.5:0.4.

[0050] Comparative Example 8 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S2, the color active ingredient and other components are replaced by titanium dioxide, and the remaining steps and raw materials are synchronized with Example 3; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and titanium dioxide being 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then the essential oil compound is added, stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, and then titanium dioxide is added, and stirring is continued for 2 hours. The mixture is centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at -20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.5:0.4.

[0051] Comparative Example 9 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S2, the composite material is mixed with the essential oil compound and the color active ingredient, and the remaining steps and raw materials are synchronized with Example 3; S2: According to the mass ratio of composite material, deionized water, essential oil compound and color active ingredient of 1.2:110:0.6:0.3, the composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then the essential oil compound and color active ingredient are added, and stirred for 6 hours, centrifuged at 6000rpm for 10 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times (the mass of ethanol each time is 10% of the mass of deionized water), and finally freeze-dried at minus 20°C for 24 hours to obtain a functional material, wherein the essential oil compound is composed of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.5:0.4; the color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide mixed in a mass ratio of 0.9:0.6.

[0052] Comparative Example 10 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S3, the functional material is coated with gum arabic, and the remaining steps and raw materials are the same as those in Example 3; S3: According to the mass ratio of gum arabic, sodium chloride, deionized water and emulsifier A of 1.2:0.3:110:0.06, gum arabic and sodium chloride are added to deionized water, and stirred in a water bath at 50°C until completely dissolved, and then emulsifier A is added to obtain component A. According to the mass ratio of functional material to deionized water of 1.2:40, the functional material is added to deionized water, and stirred evenly to obtain component B. According to the mass ratio of component B to component A of 1:6, component B is added to component A, and glutaraldehyde (the mass of glutaraldehyde is 1% of the mass of component B) is added, and stirring is carried out at a speed of 4000 rpm for 3 minutes, and then stirring is continued at a speed of 800 rpm at 45°C for 2 hours, and then centrifuged at a speed of 2500 rpm for 5 minutes, filtered, and freeze-dried at minus 20°C for 24 hours to obtain a modified microcapsule complex, wherein emulsifier A is composed of Tween 80 and Span 80 mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0053] Comparative Example 11 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that when preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon, in step S3, the functional material is coated with polycaprolactone, and the remaining steps and raw materials are the same as those in Example 3; S3: According to the mass ratio of polycaprolactone to dichloromethane being 1.2:20, polycaprolactone is added to dichloromethane and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain component A. According to the mass ratio of functional material, deionized water and emulsifier A being 1.2:40:0.06, the functional material is added to deionized water, stirred evenly, and then emulsifier A is added to obtain component B. According to the mass ratio of component B to component A being 1:6, component B is added to component A, and glutaraldehyde (the mass of glutaraldehyde is 1% of the mass of component B) is added, and stirring is carried out at a speed of 4000 rpm for 3 minutes, and then stirring is continued at a speed of 800 rpm at 45°C for 2 hours, and then centrifuged at a speed of 2500 rpm for 5 minutes, filtered, and freeze-dried at minus 20°C for 24 hours to obtain a modified microcapsule complex, wherein emulsifier A is composed of Tween 80 and Span 80 mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0054] The performance test of the attractant for efficient pollination of melon prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-11 is now carried out; the test method is as follows: 1. 10 days before using bumblebees to pollinate greenhouse melons, 9 groups of bumblebee pollination colonies of uniform size and healthy and disease-free are selected, each group of pollinating bees contains 3 honeycombs, sufficient honey and pollen reserves, 2 worker bees, and the queen bee is healthy and can lay eggs. Each group of bees is treated according to the following group schemes and then pollinated accordingly; the treatment group without spraying the melon efficient pollination attractant is used as the blank control group, and 12 greenhouses with the same management methods and melon growth are selected, and melons in full bloom are treated according to the technical schemes of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-11 and the blank control group. At 9 o'clock in the morning, the attractant for efficient pollination of melons is sprayed on the flowers (except the blank control group), and the number of bumblebees visiting the flowers in each group of bees is recorded one hour later. Each experiment is recorded for 20 minutes, and a total of 3 times. The test results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Effect of spraying the melon efficient pollination attractants prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-11 on the number of bumblebees

[0055] 2. The melons pollinated by bumblebees were cultivated according to conventional greenhouse management. After they matured, the yield of each group of melons was counted. The test results are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 Effect of spraying the attractants for efficient melon pollination prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-11 on melon yield

[0056] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 and Table 2 above that, by comparing Comparative Examples 1-3 with Example 3, the mass of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in step S1 is replaced by β-cyclodextrin, or the mass of aldehyde compound in step A1 is replaced by salicylaldehyde or o-aldehyde phenylboronic acid to prepare an attractant for efficient pollination of melon. The test results are poorer than those in Example 3, indicating that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin has higher solubility and biocompatibility, can better include essential oil compound, and reduce The essential oil volatilization is reduced, and the attractant has good binding force with Schiff base mesoporous silica, thereby improving the inclusion efficiency of the essential oil and the adsorption capacity of the mesoporous silica; the Schiff base compound composed of salicylaldehyde and o-formylphenylboronic acid can form a Schiff base structure with a silane coupling agent, thereby enhancing the controlled release ability of the mesoporous silica, and increasing the binding force between the attractant and the color active ingredient, thereby further improving the attractant performance and sustained release performance, and increasing the pollination efficiency of melon flowers; By comparing Comparative Examples 4-9 with Example 3, it can be seen that the essential oil composite in step S2 is composed of a mixture of clove essential oil and lavender essential oil, or a mixture of clove essential oil and citronella essential oil, or a mixture of lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil; or the quality of the color active ingredient is replaced with butterfly pea flower extract or titanium dioxide; or the composite material is mixed with the essential oil composite and the color active ingredient to prepare an attractant for efficient pollination of melon, and its test result is poorer than that of Example 3, indicating that the mixture of clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil is effective. The essential oil compound composed of the above ingredients has good attraction to bumblebees, can repel pests harmful to melon flowers, and enhance the pollination efficiency of melon flowers; the color active ingredient composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide has good attraction to bumblebees, and enhances the pollination efficiency of bumblebees on melon flowers; the composite material is first mixed with the essential oil compound, and then mixed with the color active ingredient, so that the prepared attractant has good stability, and the sustained release performance of the attractant is enhanced, so as to further improve the pollination efficiency of melon flowers and increase the yield of melons; By comparing Comparative Examples 10-11 with Example 3, it can be seen that the functional materials are coated with gum arabic or polycaprolactone to finally prepare attractants for efficient melon pollination. The test results are worse than those of Example 3, indicating that coating the functional materials with gum arabic and polycaprolactone can improve the thermal stability and mechanical stability, make the attractant have better sustained-release properties, enhance the attractant's attracting properties, further improve the pollination efficiency of melon flowers, and increase the yield of melons.

[0057] It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 above that the attractant for efficient pollination of melon prepared in Example 1-3 is compared with the attractant for efficient pollination of melon prepared in Comparative Example 1-11. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is combined with Schiff-basified mesoporous silica, and then mixed with an essential oil compound and a color active ingredient to obtain a functional material; the functional material is coated with gum arabic and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule complex, and then mixed with a solubilizer, an emulsifier, a carbohydrate active ingredient and water to finally obtain an attractant for efficient pollination of melon, which meets the test performance requirements, while the attractant for efficient pollination of melon prepared in Comparative Example 1-11 does not meet the performance requirements. This shows that the attractant for efficient pollination of melon prepared by the present invention has good sustained-release performance, attractant performance and stability, and prolongs the shelf life of the attractant, improves the pollination efficiency of melon flowers, and has good comprehensive performance.

[0058] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0059] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An attractant for efficient pollination of melon, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of modified microcapsule complex, 10-15 parts of carbohydrate active ingredient, 4-6 parts of solubilizer, 3-5 parts of emulsifier and 60-70 parts of water; The preparation method of the modified microcapsule composite comprises the following steps: S1: Composite materials were obtained by combining hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with Schiff-base mesoporous silica; S2: The composite material is first mixed with the essential oil compound, and then mixed with the color active ingredient to obtain a functional material; S3: The functional material is coated by gum arabic and polycaprolactone to obtain a modified microcapsule composite.

2. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 is specifically as follows: The Schiff-alkalized mesoporous silica is added to deionized water and stirred evenly, and then hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is added and stirred at 50-60° C. for 1-2 hours, centrifuged for 10-15 minutes, washed with ethanol, and dried at room temperature for 11-13 hours to obtain a composite material.

3. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Schiff-based mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: A1: Mix a silane coupling agent, an aldehyde compound and anhydrous ethanol, and then reflux at 90-100°C for 2-4 hours, remove the anhydrous ethanol by rotary evaporation, add dichloromethane, wash with deionized water, add anhydrous magnesium chloride to remove residual water, and let stand for 11-13 hours. After filtering, remove dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a Schiff base compound; A2: Mix hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and deionized water, and stir at 30-40°C until completely dissolved, then add ammonia water, and adjust the pH value of the system to 7.5-8.5, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, and stir at 50-60°C for 1-2h, then add Schiff base compound, continue stirring for 5-7h, crystallize at 30-40°C, filter, wash with deionized water, and finally freeze-dry at -30--20°C to obtain Schiff base mesoporous silica.

4. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step A1, the aldehyde compound is composed of salicylaldehyde and o-aldehyde phenylboronic acid mixed in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.4-0.

5.

5. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: The composite material in step S1 is added into deionized water, and then into the essential oil compound, stirred at room temperature for 2-4 hours, and then the color active ingredient is added, and the stirring is continued for 1-2 hours, centrifuged for 10-15 minutes, filtered, washed with ethanol, and finally freeze-dried at -30--20°C to obtain a functional material.

6. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 5, characterized in that: The essential oil compound is prepared by mixing clove essential oil, lavender essential oil and citronella essential oil in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.4-0.5:0.3-0.

4.

7. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 5, characterized in that: The color active ingredient is composed of butterfly pea flower extract and titanium dioxide mixed in a mass ratio of 0.8-0.9:0.5-0.

6.

8. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 is specifically as follows: Add polycaprolactone to dichloromethane and stir until completely dissolved to obtain component A; add gum arabic and sodium chloride to deionized water and stir in a water bath at 40-50°C until completely dissolved; then add emulsifier A to obtain component B; add functional materials to deionized water, stir evenly, add to component A, and stir for 3-5 minutes to form an emulsion; add the emulsion to component B, then add a cross-linking agent, and stir for 3-7 minutes; continue stirring at 35-45°C for 2-4 hours, then centrifuge for 5-10 minutes, filter, and freeze-dry at minus 30°C to minus 20°C to obtain a modified microcapsule complex.

9. The attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbohydrate active ingredient is composed of glucose and fructose mixed in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.5-0.

6.

10. A method for preparing the attractant for efficient pollination of melon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weigh the raw materials in parts by mass, mix the modified microcapsule complex, the solubilizer and the emulsifier, and stir them evenly to obtain system A; dissolve the sugar active ingredient in water to obtain system B; mix system A and system B evenly to finally obtain an attractant for efficient pollination of melon.

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