Support and use method of support

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a stent and a use method of the stent.The stent comprises a stent body and a coating unit, by arranging the stent body and the coating unit, the stent body can support the interiors of a first blood vessel and a second blood vessel, and the coating unit can serve as an inner membrane to remodel the true cavity of the second blood vessel, so that the stent is more convenient to use. And the stent body is provided with a first opening, and the coating unit is provided with a second opening, so that the fourth blood vessel can be communicated with the first blood vessel through the first opening and the second opening. On the basis, only the crevasse position on the ascending aorta is replaced by the third blood vessel, a four-branch artificial blood vessel in the related technology does not need to replace part of the ascending aorta and three branches of the aorta integrally, compared with five anastomosis point positions in the related technology, the number of the anastomosis point positions is two, the number of the anastomosis point positions is reduced, and the anastomosis efficiency is improved. Therefore, the operation time is saved, and the technical effect of reducing the operation risk is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a stent and a method for using the stent. Background Art

[0002] The most common acute disease of the aorta is aortic dissection, which has an acute onset, severe symptoms and a high mortality rate. According to the location of the aortic rupture, aortic dissection is divided into type A aortic dissection (Thoracic Aortic Dissection Type A, TAAD, the rupture is located in the ascending aorta), type B aortic dissection (Type BAortic Dissection, TBAD, the rupture is located in the descending aorta), and non-A and non-B type aortic dissection (the rupture is located in the aortic arch or the lesion involves the aortic arch).

[0003] Type A aortic dissection is mainly treated with the Sun's procedure created by Sun Lizhong. First, the covered stent is released into the descending aorta through thoracotomy to reshape the true lumen in the descending aorta and restore the blood flow rate in the true lumen in the descending aorta. Then, part of the ascending aorta and the three branches of the aorta (the innominate artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery) are replaced and reconstructed using a four-branch artificial blood vessel.

[0004] Specifically, the artificial blood vessel is anastomosed to the distal end of the ascending aorta, the three branches of the aorta, and the descending aorta respectively, that is, five anastomosis points need to be completed, and the operation is completed after fixing them by suturing.

[0005] However, during the operation, since there are many points that need to be anastomosed and fixed, the operation time is longer, which leads to increased surgical risks. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a stent and a method for using the stent to solve the problem that during the operation, a large number of points need to be anastomosed and fixed, resulting in a long operation time and increased surgical risks.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a stent for being arranged inside a first blood vessel and a second blood vessel, wherein one end of the first blood vessel is connected to the second blood vessel, the other end of the first blood vessel is connected to a third blood vessel, and one side of the first blood vessel is connected to a fourth blood vessel, the stent comprising:

[0008] a stent body, one end of the stent body being disposed in the first blood vessel, the other end of the stent body being disposed in the second blood vessel, the stent body being provided with a first opening at a position corresponding to the fourth blood vessel, the first opening being used to connect the stent body with the fourth blood vessel;

[0009] A covering unit is provided at least on one side of the stent body close to the second blood vessel, and is used to cover the stent body. The covering unit is provided with a second opening at a position corresponding to the fourth blood vessel, and the second opening is used to expose the first opening of the stent body so that the fourth blood vessel is connected to the first blood vessel through the stent body.

[0010] Beneficial effect: By setting the stent body and the coating unit, the stent body can support the inside of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, restore the shape of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, and the coating unit can act as an inner membrane to reshape the true cavity of the second blood vessel, so that blood can circulate at a normal flow rate, and the stent body is provided with a first opening, and the coating unit is provided with a second opening, so that the fourth blood vessel can be connected to the first blood vessel through the first opening and the second opening. Based on this, when the stent of this embodiment is used, only the rupture position on the ascending aorta is replaced with the third blood vessel, and there is no need for the four-branch artificial blood vessel in the related art to replace part of the ascending aorta and the three branches of the aorta as a whole. And compared with the five anastomosis points of the artificial blood vessel in the related art, the anastomosis points of the third blood vessel in this embodiment are two, namely the connection point between the third blood vessel and the first blood vessel and the connection point between the third blood vessel and the fifth blood vessel, which reduces the number of anastomosis points, thereby achieving the technical effect of saving operation time, and then achieving the technical effect of reducing operation risks.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the stent body is in a mesh structure, and the opening of the mesh structure forms the first opening;

[0012] And / or, the stent body is annular;

[0013] And / or, the support body is a stainless steel support body;

[0014] And / or, the outer wall of the stent body is used to fit with the inner walls of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel;

[0015] and / or, a cross section is made along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the stent body, and the cross section of the stent body is circular;

[0016] And / or, the covering unit is arranged on the inner wall of the bracket body and / or the outer wall of the bracket body;

[0017] And / or, the coating unit is a thin film structure;

[0018] And / or, the size of the second opening is not less than the size of the connecting opening on the fourth blood vessel corresponding to the stent body.

[0019] Beneficial effect: By limiting the stent body to be a mesh structure, the stent body does not need to be provided with a first opening, and the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel can be connected only through the mesh hollowing of the stent body itself, thereby improving the simplicity of processing the stent body, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the simplicity of processing the stent;

[0020] By limiting the stent body to be annular, the contact area between the stent body and the inner wall of the first blood vessel and the inner wall of the second blood vessel can be increased, so as to achieve the technical effect of improving the support reliability of the stent body for the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel;

[0021] By limiting the stent body to be a stainless steel body, it is possible to prevent the stent body from rusting and affecting the use of the stent body, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the service life of the stent body; at the same time, the stainless steel material enables the stent body to bend along the extension direction of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, thereby improving the compliance of the stent body, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the true lumen remodeling of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel;

[0022] By limiting the outer wall of the stent body to be used for fitting with the inner wall of the first blood vessel and the inner wall of the second blood vessel, when the false lumen extends to the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, the stent body can reshape the true lumen of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, and by using the outer wall of the stent body to fit with the inner wall of the first blood vessel and the inner wall of the second blood vessel, the normal shape of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel can be restored to the maximum extent, so as to achieve the technical effect of restoring the blood flow rate in the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel. At the same time, since there is no blood support in the false lumen, the outer membrane gradually fits to the position of the middle membrane, so that the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel gradually return to their original healthy shape;

[0023] By limiting the cross section along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stent body, the cross section of the stent body is circular. Based on this, the cross section of the stent body along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stent body is the same as the cross section of the blood vessel along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stent body, thereby achieving the technical effect of enhancing the support force of the stent body on the blood vessel;

[0024] By limiting the coating unit to be disposed on the inner wall of the stent body and / or the outer wall of the stent body, the coating unit can be deformed in real time with the support of the stent body, so as to support the inner wall of the first blood vessel and the inner wall of the second blood vessel;

[0025] By limiting the size of the second opening to be not less than the size of the communication port corresponding to the stent body on the fourth blood vessel, that is, the size of the second opening is larger than the size of the communication port between the fourth blood vessel and the first blood vessel, based on this, it is possible to ensure that the size of the communication port between the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel is maximized, and to ensure blood circulation between the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the communication between the fourth blood vessel and the second opening.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, along the radial direction of the stent body, the stent body has at least two layers;

[0027] And / or, the covering unit extends from one end of the stent body to the other end of the stent body, and the second opening extends from one end of the stent body to the connection between the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel.

[0028] Beneficial effect: By limiting the radial direction of the stent body, the stent body is divided into two layers, and one layer of the stent body is sleeved outside the other layer of the stent body. Based on this, the technical effect of the stent body supporting the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel can be improved;

[0029] By limiting the coating unit to extend from one end of the stent body to the other end of the stent body, the second opening extends from one end of the stent body to the connection between the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, that is, the stent body located in the first blood vessel is not provided with a coating unit, and the stent body located in the second blood vessel is provided with a coating unit. Based on this, the communication range between the second opening and the fourth blood vessel can be increased, thereby reducing the difficulty of communication between the second opening and the fourth blood vessel, avoiding the need to adjust the position of the stent multiple times in the related technology, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the ease of use of the stent. At the same time, when the intima of the second blood vessel is damaged, the coating unit can not only serve as the intima of the second blood vessel, but also isolate the false lumen of the second blood vessel to prevent intima hyperplasia and recurrence of the false lumen of the second blood vessel, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the protection of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel. At the same time, it can avoid the occurrence of restenosis in the stent body, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the protection of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the support comprises:

[0031] An anastomosis unit has one end connected to one end of the stent body or one end of the covering unit away from the second blood vessel, and the other end of the anastomosis unit is used to connect to both the third blood vessel and the first blood vessel.

[0032] Beneficial effect: By setting up the anastomosis unit, the connection area between the stent body and the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel can be increased, so that the stent body can be stably and reliably connected to the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the connection between the stent body and the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the anastomosis unit is sutured and fixed to the stent body or the covering unit;

[0034] Alternatively, the anastomosis unit and the covering unit are integrally arranged.

[0035] Beneficial effect: By limiting the anastomosis unit to be sutured and fixed to the stent body, or the anastomosis unit to be sutured and fixed to the covering unit, or the like, the reliability of the position fixation of the anastomosis unit can be improved.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the anastomosis unit is a thin film structure.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the anastomosis unit is an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using a stent, which is used for the stent described above, and the method for using the stent comprises:

[0039] Replace the patient's diseased blood vessels with a third vessel;

[0040] placing one end of the stent body in the first blood vessel, and placing the other end of the stent body in the second blood vessel;

[0041] Adjusting the position of the stent to place the communication hole and the second opening at the communication position of the fourth blood vessel;

[0042] The stent is connected and fixed to the first blood vessel and the third blood vessel.

[0043] Beneficial effects: By providing a stent body and a coating unit, the stent body can support the inside of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel and restore the shape of the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel, and the coating unit can serve as an inner membrane to allow blood to circulate at a normal flow rate, and by providing a connecting hole on the stent body and a second opening on the coating unit, the fourth blood vessel can be connected to the first blood vessel through the connecting hole and the second opening. Based on this, the stent setting of the present invention can only replace the rupture position on the ascending aorta with the third blood vessel, and there is no need for the four-branch artificial blood vessel in the related art to replace part of the ascending aorta and the three branches of the aorta as a whole. Compared with the five anastomosis points of the artificial blood vessels in the related art, the third blood vessel in the present invention has two anastomosis points, namely the third blood vessel and the first blood vessel and the third blood vessel and the fifth blood vessel, which reduces the number of anastomosis points, thereby achieving the technical effect of saving operation time, and then achieving the technical effect of reducing surgical risks;

[0044] At the same time, there is no need to perform additional windowing on the stent to achieve the connection between the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel, and there is no need for multiple openings and closings of the aortic covered stent in the related art, so as to avoid causing the size of the window position to be smaller than the connection size between the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel, so that the stent in the present invention can achieve the technical effect of improving the reliability of the connection between the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel. Moreover, there is no need to calculate the size of the connecting port of the fourth blood vessel, thereby achieving the technical effect of simplifying the difficulty of the operation. At the same time, there is no need to repeatedly adjust the position of the aortic covered stent in the related art to make the window position connected with the first blood vessel and the third blood vessel, that is, the stent in the present invention does not need to be precisely positioned, and when the second opening is placed at the position of the first blood vessel, the maximum connection between the first blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel can be achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the ease of stent implantation;

[0045] Furthermore, the use method of the present invention allows the other end of the stent body to be directly located at the second blood vessel, that is, the descending aorta, thereby avoiding the need to implant an additional second stent in the related art. The use method of the present invention can achieve the technical effect of saving operation time and reducing the complexity of the operation.

[0046] Furthermore, if after the implantation is completed, if the patient finds a problem with the fourth blood vessel during the follow-up period, due to the setting of the second opening, the stent body is exposed at the second opening, and local anesthesia can be used to treat the patient with minimally invasive methods, that is, the fourth blood vessel can be examined and treated through the femoral artery, so as to improve the technical effect of the simplicity of the fourth blood vessel examination.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the connection between the stent and the first blood vessel specifically includes:

[0048] connecting the anastomosis unit to the first blood vessel;

[0049] The anastomosis unit is connected to the third blood vessel.

[0050] Beneficial effect: By connecting the anastomosis unit to the first blood vessel and connecting the anastomosis unit to the third blood vessel, the reliability of the connection between the anastomosis unit, the first blood vessel and the third blood vessel can be improved, so that blood passes through the third blood vessel and then flows through the inner wall of the stent, thereby avoiding the possibility of the aortic covered stent being embedded in the inner wall of the aorta in related technologies, causing reverse tearing of aortic dissection, thereby ensuring the technical effect of protecting patients.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the anastomosis unit is fixed to the first blood vessel by suture;

[0052] And / or, the anastomosis unit is sutured and fixed to the third blood vessel.

[0053] Beneficial effect: By limiting the suture fixation of the anastomosis unit to the first blood vessel and the third blood vessel, the technical effect of improving the connection stability between the anastomosis unit and the first blood vessel and between the anastomosis unit and the third blood vessel can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the bracket of this embodiment;

[0056] Figure 2 is a front view of the bracket of this embodiment;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stent, the first blood vessel, the second blood vessel, the third blood vessel and the fourth blood vessel of this embodiment.

[0058] Description of reference numerals:

[0059] 1. First blood vessel; 2. Second blood vessel; 3. Third blood vessel; 4. Fourth blood vessel; 5. Stent body;

[0060] 6. Coating unit; 601. Second opening;

[0061] 7. Anastomotic unit; 8. Fifth vessel; 9. False lumen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In addition to capillaries and lymphatic capillaries, the rest of the blood vessels include, from the inside to the outside: the true lumen for accommodating blood, the intima, the media, and the adventitia. The rupture of type A aortic dissection is located at the ascending aorta, that is, the intima of the ascending aorta is damaged, and blood enters between the media and the adventitia through the rupture, resulting in the formation of another chamber between the media and the adventitia, called the false lumen. As the blood flows in the false lumen, the blood gradually tears apart the media and adventitia of the aortic arch and the media and adventitia of the descending aorta, causing the false lumen to gradually extend to the aortic arch and the descending aorta. The false lumen can prevent blood from flowing in the true lumen, causing physical discomfort or even endangering the patient's life.

[0064] In the process of treating type A aortic dissection, the ascending aorta at the rupture site is replaced with an artificial blood vessel, and then a guidewire is inserted into the patient's body through the femoral artery to perform angiography on the ascending aorta, aortic arch and descending aorta, so that the positions of the three branches of the aorta can be measured.

[0065] Next, the aortic stent graft is released outside the body, and windows are manually opened on the aortic stent graft according to the measured positions of the three branches of the aorta, so that after the aortic stent graft is placed in the patient's body, the three branches of the aorta are connected to the aortic arch through the windows.

[0066] Subsequently, the aortic covered stent is placed in the patient's body through the guide wire, and one end of the aortic covered stent is placed on the inner wall of the artificial blood vessel and fits the inner wall of the artificial blood vessel at the same time, and is released in the direction of the aortic arch, so that the other end of the aortic covered stent is placed in the aortic arch and fits the aortic arch, completing the placement of the aortic covered stent.

[0067] At the same time, if it is necessary to release the stent at the position of the descending aorta to reconstruct the true lumen of the descending aorta and restore the normal shape of the descending aorta, a second stent needs to be implanted in the descending aorta again. In the above treatment process, there are the following problems:

[0068] (1) Since the related technology uses a guidewire to guide the aortic stent graft into the patient's body, a hybrid operating room is required, and doctors from cardiac surgery or vascular surgery and vascular surgery are required to complete the interventional surgery together;

[0069] (2) The aortic stent graft is in close contact with the artificial blood vessel. Since the pulsation range of the ascending aorta is very large, the aortic stent graft may be embedded in the inner wall of the aorta with the pulsation of the ascending aorta, causing reverse tearing of the aortic dissection, affecting the patient's health and even threatening the patient's life.

[0070] (3) During use, the surgeon needs to release the aortic stent graft outside the body, manually open the window, retrieve the stent, and then insert it into the patient's body for release. However, since the aortic stent graft has been released once, there is a possibility that the aortic stent graft cannot be expanded to the same extent as last time when released again, causing the aortic stent graft to be unable to be fully expanded, resulting in the inability to accurately locate the window position between the three branches of the aorta. The size of the window will be smaller than the size of the three branches of the aorta, artificially causing ischemia of the three branches of the aorta and endangering the patient's life. At the same time, the surgeon needs to adjust the position of the aortic stent graft multiple times to achieve connectivity between the aortic arch and the three branches of the aorta through the window position.

[0071] (4) It is necessary to implant a second stent in the descending aorta, which prolongs the operation time.

[0072] Combine the following Figures 1 to 3 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a stent is provided for being arranged inside a first blood vessel 1 and a second blood vessel 2, wherein one end of the first blood vessel 1 is connected to the second blood vessel 2, the other end of the first blood vessel 1 is connected to the third blood vessel 3, and one side of the first blood vessel 1 is connected to the fourth blood vessel 4, and the stent comprises:

[0074] A stent body 5, one end of the stent body 5 is disposed in the first blood vessel 1, and the other end is disposed in the second blood vessel 2. The stent body 5 is provided with a first opening at a position corresponding to the fourth blood vessel 4, and the first opening is used to connect the stent body 5 with the fourth blood vessel 4;

[0075] The covering unit 6 is at least arranged on one side of the stent body 5 close to the second blood vessel 2, and is used to cover the stent body 5. The covering unit 6 is provided with a second opening 601 at a position corresponding to the fourth blood vessel 4. The second opening 601 is used to expose the first opening of the stent body 5 so that the fourth blood vessel 4 is connected with the first blood vessel 1 through the stent body 5.

[0076] The stent in this embodiment is used to be placed in a patient with type A aortic dissection, so the first blood vessel 1 is the aortic arch, the second blood vessel 2 is the descending aorta, the third blood vessel 3 is an artificial blood vessel, and the fourth blood vessel 4 is the three branches of the aorta. At the same time, the ascending aorta close to the heart is set as the fifth blood vessel 8. The first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, and the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4 are all integrated. The second blood vessel 2, the third blood vessel 3 and the fourth blood vessel 4 are described separately, which can better describe the position of the stent in this embodiment.

[0077] Specifically, combined Figure 1 As shown, the rupture site of the ascending aorta is removed and replaced with a third blood vessel 3, the left end of the stent body is placed inside the first blood vessel 1, and the right end of the stent body is placed inside the second blood vessel 2. At least the stent body located in the second blood vessel 2 is provided with a covering unit 6.

[0078] In the stent of the present embodiment, by providing the stent body 5 and the coating unit 6, the stent body 5 can support the inside of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, restore the shape of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, and the coating unit 6 can act as an inner membrane to reshape the true cavity of the second blood vessel 2, so that blood can flow at a normal flow rate, and the stent body 5 is provided with a first opening, and the coating unit 6 is provided with a second opening 601, so that the fourth blood vessel 4 can communicate with the first blood vessel 1 through the first opening and the second opening 601. Based on this, when the stent of the present embodiment is used, only the rupture position on the ascending aorta is replaced with the third blood vessel 3, and there is no need for the four-branch artificial blood vessel in the related art to replace part of the ascending aorta and the three branches of the aorta as a whole. And compared with the five anastomosis points of the artificial blood vessel in the related art, the anastomosis points of the third blood vessel 3 in the present embodiment are two, namely the connection point between the third blood vessel 3 and the first blood vessel 1 and the connection point between the third blood vessel 3 and the fifth blood vessel 8, which reduces the number of anastomosis points, thereby achieving the technical effect of saving operation time, and then achieving the technical effect of reducing operation risks.

[0079] Of course, in other embodiments, the types of the first blood vessel 1, the second blood vessel 2, the third blood vessel 3 and the fourth blood vessel 4 are adjusted according to different locations where the stent is installed.

[0080] In addition, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the stent body 5 is a mesh structure, and the opening of the mesh structure forms a first opening. Based on this, the stent body 5 does not need to be provided with a first opening, and the connection between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4 can be achieved only through the mesh hollowing of the stent body 5 itself, thereby improving the simplicity of processing of the stent body 5, and further achieving the technical effect of improving the simplicity of processing of the stent.

[0081] Among them, when making a cross section along the direction parallel to the axis of the bracket body 5 , the cross section of the bracket body 5 includes a plurality of “X”-shaped bracket units, and the plurality of bracket units are connected in an integrated manner to achieve support release of the bracket body 5 .

[0082] Of course, in other embodiments, the structural shape of the bracket body 5 and the shape of the bracket unit are adjusted according to different designs of the bracket, for example, the bracket unit is in the shape of fish scales.

[0083] In other embodiments, the connection mode between the multiple bracket units is adjusted according to different designs of the bracket.

[0084] In addition, combined Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the stent body 5 is annular. Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the stent body 5 is adjusted according to different stent designs, for example, the stent body 5 is a non-closed shape. Compared with other embodiments, the annular shape in this embodiment can increase the contact area between the stent body 5 and the inner wall of the first blood vessel 1 and the inner wall of the second blood vessel 2, so as to achieve the technical effect of improving the support reliability of the stent body 5 for the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2.

[0085] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the blood vessel refers to a position that can directly contact the blood. Of course, in other embodiments, the definition of the inner wall of the blood vessel can be adjusted according to different description habits.

[0086] Preferably, the outer wall of the stent body 5 is used to fit with the inner wall of the first blood vessel 1 and the inner wall of the second blood vessel 2. When the false lumen 9 extends to the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, the stent body 5 can reshape the true lumen of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, and the outer wall of the stent body 5 is used to fit with the inner wall of the first blood vessel 1 and the inner wall of the second blood vessel 2, so as to maximize the restoration of the normal shape of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, so as to achieve the technical effect of restoring the blood flow rate in the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2. At the same time, since there is no blood support in the false lumen 9, the outer membrane gradually fits to the position of the middle membrane, so that the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2 gradually restore to their original healthy shape.

[0087] In addition, in this embodiment, a cross section is made along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bracket body 5, that is, along Figure 2 The cross section of the stent body 5 is circular in the Y-axis direction shown in the figure. Based on this, the cross section of the stent body 5 along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stent body 5 is the same as the cross section of the blood vessel along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stent body 5, thereby achieving the technical effect of enhancing the support force of the stent body 5 on the blood vessel.

[0088] Furthermore, along the radial direction of the stent body 5, the stent body 5 is two-layered, that is, one layer of the stent body 5 is sleeved outside the other layer of the stent body 5. Based on this, the technical effect of the stent body 5 supporting the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2 can be improved.

[0089] Preferably, the two layers of the support body 5 are integrated, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the connection between the two layers of the support body 5 .

[0090] Of course, in other embodiments, the number of layers of the bracket body 5 may be adjusted, or the cross-section shape of the bracket body 5 may be adjusted by making a cross section along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bracket body 5 .

[0091] In other embodiments, depending on the design of the bracket, the bracket bodies 5 of adjacent layers may be provided separately, which is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0092] In addition, in this embodiment, the stent body 5 is a stainless steel stent body, that is, the stent body 5 is made of stainless steel, so as to prevent the stent body 5 from rusting and affecting the use, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the service life of the stent body 5. At the same time, the stainless steel material enables the stent body 5 to bend along the extension direction of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, thereby improving the compliance of the stent body 5, and further achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the true lumen remodeling of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2.

[0093] Of course, in other embodiments, the material of the stent body 5 is adjusted according to different designs of the stent, for example, the stent body 5 is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

[0094] In addition, in this embodiment, the coating unit 6 is a thin film structure. Of course, in other embodiments, the structure of the coating unit 6 is adjusted according to different designs of the stent, as long as the coating unit 6 can serve as an inner membrane, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0095] In addition, in this embodiment, the coating unit 6 is disposed on the outer wall of the stent body 5. Based on this, the coating unit 6 can be deformed in real time with the support of the stent body 5, so as to support the inner wall of the first blood vessel 1 and the inner wall of the second blood vessel 2.

[0096] Furthermore, the support body 5 and the covering unit 6 are sutured and fixed, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the connection stability between the support body 5 and the covering unit 6.

[0097] Preferably, the distance between adjacent pins of the support body 5 and the covering unit 6 is within the range of 0.4 cm to 0.6 cm. Based on this, the technical effect of improving the tightness and stability of the connection between the support body 5 and the covering unit 6 can be further achieved.

[0098] Of course, in other embodiments, depending on the design of the bracket, the covering unit 6 can be provided on the inner wall of the bracket body 5 , or the covering unit 6 can be provided on both the inner wall and the outer wall of the bracket body 5 .

[0099] In other embodiments, the distance between adjacent pins between the bracket body 5 and the covering unit 6 is adjusted according to different designs of the bracket.

[0100] In other embodiments, the connection method between the covering unit 6 and the bracket body 5 is adjusted according to different designs of the bracket.

[0101] In addition, in this embodiment, the size of the second opening 601 is larger than the size of the communication port corresponding to the stent body 5 on the fourth blood vessel 4. That is, the size of the second opening 601 is larger than the size of the communication port between the fourth blood vessel 4 and the first blood vessel 1, based on which, the size of the communication port between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4 can be ensured to be the largest, and the blood circulation between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4 can be ensured, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the communication between the fourth blood vessel 4 and the second opening 601.

[0102] Furthermore, the fourth blood vessel 4 is one of the three branches of the aorta, that is, there are three fourth blood vessels 4 and three connecting ports. In the present embodiment, there is one second opening 601, and the second opening 601 can cover the three connecting ports, so that the area of ​​the connecting ports is maximized, ensuring that blood can flow normally through the connecting ports between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4, avoiding the occurrence of ischemia of the fourth blood vessel 4 caused by human factors, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the stent.

[0103] Of course, in other embodiments, the number of second openings 601 is adjusted according to the design of the stent. For example, the number of second openings 601 corresponds to the number of connecting ports one by one, and the size of each second opening 601 is not less than the size of the corresponding connecting port to ensure that the connecting port can be completely exposed, which can also artificially cause ischemia of the fourth blood vessel 4.

[0104] In addition, in this embodiment, the coating unit 6 extends from one end of the stent body 5 to the other end of the stent body 5, and the second opening 601 extends from one end of the stent body 5 to the connection between the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, that is, the stent body 5 located in the first blood vessel 1 is not provided with the coating unit 6, and the stent body 5 located in the second blood vessel 2 is provided with the coating unit 6. Based on this, the communication range between the second opening 601 and the fourth blood vessel 4 can be increased, thereby reducing the difficulty of communication between the second opening 601 and the fourth blood vessel 4, avoiding the need to adjust the position of the stent multiple times in the related art, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the convenience of using the stent. At the same time, the coating unit 6 can not only serve as the intima of the second blood vessel 2, but also isolate the false lumen 9 of the second blood vessel 2 to prevent the intimal hyperplasia of the second blood vessel 2 and the recurrence of the false lumen 9, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the protection of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2. At the same time, it can avoid the occurrence of restenosis in the stent body 5, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the protection of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2.

[0105] Of course, in other embodiments, depending on the design of the stent, the size of the second opening 601 can be adjusted according to the change of the extension position of the covering unit 6 to achieve communication between the fourth blood vessel 4 and the first blood vessel 1.

[0106] In other embodiments, depending on the design of the stent, only the number of layers of the stent is limited, or only the coating unit 6 is limited to extend from one end of the stent body 5 to the other end of the stent body 5, and the second opening 601 extends from one end of the stent body 5 to the connection between the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2.

[0107] In addition, combined Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the bracket includes:

[0108] One end of the anastomosis unit 7 is connected to one end of the stent body 5 , and the other end of the anastomosis unit 7 is used to connect to both the third blood vessel 3 and the first blood vessel 1 .

[0109] In this embodiment, along the extension direction of the stent body 5, that is, along the axial direction of the stent body 5, the length of the anastomosis unit 7 is within the range of 1 cm-2 cm.

[0110] Of course, in other embodiments, the length of the anastomosis unit 7 is adjusted according to different designs of the stent.

[0111] In other embodiments, the connection position of the anastomosis unit 7 is adjusted according to the different extension positions of the covering unit 6 and the different positions of the second opening 601. For example, if the extension starting point of the second opening 601 does not start from one end of the stent body 5, then the anastomosis unit 7 can be connected to the covering unit 6 away from the end of the second blood vessel 2, that is, Figure 2At the same time, the anastomosis unit 7 and the covering unit 6 are integrated, or the anastomosis unit 7 and the covering unit 6 are sutured.

[0112] In other embodiments, the stent may not include the anastomosis unit 7, and the stent body 5 may be provided along the Figure 2 The covering unit 6 on the left end surface is connected to the first blood vessel 1 and the third blood vessel 3. Compared with other embodiments, the anastomosis unit 7 in this embodiment can increase the connection area between the stent body 5 and the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, so that the stent body 5 can be stably and reliably connected to the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the connection between the stent body 5 and the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2.

[0113] In addition, in this embodiment, the anastomosis unit 7 is sutured and fixed to the stent body 5. Based on this, the technical effect of improving the connection reliability between the anastomosis unit 7 and the stent body 5 can be achieved.

[0114] Of course, in other embodiments, the connection method between the anastomosis unit 7 and the stent body 5 is adjusted according to different designs of the stent.

[0115] In addition, in this embodiment, the anastomosis unit 7 is a thin film structure. Of course, in other embodiments, the structure of the anastomosis unit 7 is adjusted according to different designs of the stent.

[0116] In addition, in this embodiment, the coating unit 6 and the anastomosis unit 7 are expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. Of course, in other embodiments, the types of the coating unit 6 and the anastomosis unit 7 are adjusted according to different designs of the stent, for example, the coating unit 6 and the anastomosis unit 7 are high-tex membranes.

[0117] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, a method for using a bracket is further provided. The method for using the bracket is used on the bracket of the present embodiment, wherein the method for using the bracket includes:

[0118] The patient's diseased blood vessel, i.e. the ascending aorta at the rupture site, is replaced with a third blood vessel 3;

[0119] One end of the stent body 5 is placed in the first blood vessel 1, and the other end of the stent body 5 is placed in the second blood vessel 2;

[0120] Adjust the position of the stent so that the first opening and the second opening 601 are located at the communicating position of the fourth blood vessel 4;

[0121] The stent is connected and fixed to the first blood vessel 1 and the third blood vessel 3 .

[0122] In the method of use of this embodiment, by setting the stent body 5 and the coating unit 6, the stent body 5 can support the inside of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, restore the shape of the first blood vessel 1 and the second blood vessel 2, and the coating unit 6 can act as an inner membrane to reshape the true cavity of the second blood vessel 2, so that blood can flow at a normal flow rate, and the stent body 5 is provided with a first opening, and the coating unit 6 is provided with a second opening 601, so that the fourth blood vessel 4 can communicate with the first blood vessel 1 through the first opening and the second opening 601. Based on this, the stent setting of this embodiment can only replace the rupture position on the ascending aorta with the third blood vessel 3, and there is no need for the four-branch artificial blood vessel in the related art to replace part of the ascending aorta and the three branches of the aorta as a whole. Compared with the five anastomosis points of the artificial blood vessel in the related art, the anastomosis points of the third blood vessel 3 in this embodiment are two, namely the connection point between the third blood vessel 3 and the first blood vessel 1 and the connection point between the third blood vessel 3 and the fifth blood vessel 8, which reduces the number of anastomosis points, thereby achieving the technical effect of saving operation time, and then achieving the technical effect of reducing operation risks.

[0123] At the same time, there is no need to perform additional windowing on the stent to achieve the connection between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4, and there is no need to open and close the aortic stent graft multiple times as in the related art, so as to avoid causing the size of the window position to be smaller than the connection size between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4, so that the stent in this embodiment can achieve the technical effect of improving the reliability of the connection between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4. Moreover, there is no need to calculate the size of the connection port of the fourth blood vessel 4, thereby achieving the technical effect of simplifying the difficulty of the operation. At the same time, there is no need to repeatedly adjust the position of the aortic stent graft as in the related art, so that the window position is connected with the first blood vessel 1 and the third blood vessel 3, that is, the stent in this embodiment does not need to be precisely positioned, and when the second opening 601 is placed at the position of the first blood vessel 1, the maximum connection between the first blood vessel 1 and the fourth blood vessel 4 can be achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the ease of stent implantation.

[0124] Furthermore, the usage method in this embodiment enables the other end of the stent body 5 to be directly located in the second blood vessel 2, namely, the descending aorta, avoiding the need for an additional implantation of a second stent in related technologies. The usage method in this embodiment can achieve the technical effect of saving surgical time and reducing the complexity of the operation.

[0125] Furthermore, if after the implantation is completed, if the patient finds a problem with the fourth blood vessel 4 during the follow-up period, due to the setting of the second opening 601, the stent body 5 is a bare area at the second opening 601, and local anesthesia can be used to treat the patient with minimally invasive methods, that is, the fourth blood vessel 4 can be examined and treated through the femoral artery, so as to achieve the technical effect of improving the convenience of examining the fourth blood vessel 4.

[0126] In addition, in the present embodiment, the stent is placed at the ascending aorta. Compared with the related art in which the stent is placed at the descending aorta, the true lumen and the false lumen 9 of the ascending aorta are easy to distinguish, making it easier to determine the placement position of the stent in the present embodiment, thereby achieving the technical effect of simplifying the difficulty of stent placement.

[0127] In addition, in this embodiment, before replacing the patient's diseased blood vessel with the third blood vessel 3, the method further includes:

[0128] After thoracotomy, extracorporeal circulation was established.

[0129] Since one end of the stent body 5 is placed in the first blood vessel 1 and released in the direction of the second blood vessel 2, that is, the forward release is adopted, so that the stent body 5 is placed in the ascending aorta. Based on this, the method of use of this embodiment does not require a guidewire, and the operation can be completed in an ordinary operating room, and only a cardiac surgeon can complete the operation, thereby reducing the restrictions on surgical conditions and achieving the technical effect of improving the simplicity of the operation. At the same time, in this embodiment, the stent body 5 is placed in the ascending aorta, so that during the thoracotomy process, only the upper part of the sternum is opened to reduce the area of ​​thoracotomy, and the patient's ascending aorta is exposed. Compared with the related technology that requires the overall replacement of the ascending aorta and the aortic arch, and the need to cut the complete sternum, the wound in this embodiment is small, thereby reducing the surgical trauma, and then achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the operation.

[0130] At the same time, the incision in this embodiment is small, which can greatly shorten the operation time, thereby reducing the time the heart is in an arrested state and reducing the probability of other complications, thereby achieving the technical effect of shortening the patient's recovery time.

[0131] Among them, thoracotomy and extracorporeal circulation are mature technologies and will not be elaborated on here.

[0132] In addition, in this embodiment, one end of the stent body 5 is placed in the first blood vessel 1, specifically including:

[0133] One end of the stent body 5 is placed in the first blood vessel 1 through the thoracic aorta. Based on this, the operator places the stent in the ascending aorta from the thoracic aorta under direct vision, which is not easy to make mistakes, thereby achieving the technical effect of the simplicity of stent implantation and release.

[0134] In addition, in this embodiment, the connection between the stent and the first blood vessel 1 specifically includes:

[0135] Connecting the anastomosis unit 7 to the first blood vessel 1;

[0136] The anastomosis unit 7 is connected to the third blood vessel 3 .

[0137] Based on this, the reliability of the connection between the anastomosis unit 7, the first blood vessel 1 and the third blood vessel 3 can be improved, so that the blood passes through the third blood vessel 3 and then circulates through the inner wall of the stent, avoiding the possibility of the aortic covered stent being embedded in the inner wall of the aorta in related technologies, causing the reverse tearing of the aortic dissection, thereby ensuring the technical effect of protecting the patient.

[0138] Of course, in other embodiments, the connection positions among the anastomosis unit 7, the first blood vessel 1 and the third blood vessel 3 are adjusted according to different usage methods of the stent.

[0139] In addition, in this embodiment, the anastomosis unit 7 is sutured and fixed to the first blood vessel 1;

[0140] The anastomosis unit 7 is sutured and fixed to the third blood vessel 3. Based on this, the technical effect of improving the connection stability between the anastomosis unit 7 and the first blood vessel 1 and between the anastomosis unit 7 and the third blood vessel 3 can be achieved.

[0141] There are no excessive restrictions on the connection sequence between the anastomosis unit 7 and the first blood vessel 1 and between the anastomosis unit 7 and the third blood vessel 3 .

[0142] Of course, in other embodiments, depending on the design of the use method of the stent, the anastomosis unit 7 is only sutured and fixed to the first blood vessel 1, or only sutured and fixed to the third blood vessel 3. In this case, the first blood vessel 1 and the third blood vessel 3 are sutured and fixed, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the connection method between the anastomosis unit 7 and the first blood vessel 1 and between the anastomosis unit 7 and the third blood vessel 3 is adjusted, as long as the fixed connection between the anastomosis unit 7 and the first blood vessel 1 and between the anastomosis unit 7 and the third blood vessel 3 can be achieved.

[0143] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A stent, for being arranged inside a first blood vessel (1) and a second blood vessel (2), wherein one end of the first blood vessel (1) is connected to the second blood vessel (2), the other end of the first blood vessel (1) is connected to a third blood vessel (3), and one side of the first blood vessel (1) is connected to a fourth blood vessel (4), characterized in that: The support comprises: a stent body (5), one end of the stent body (5) being arranged in the first blood vessel (1), and the other end of the stent body (5) being arranged in the second blood vessel (2), and a first opening being arranged in a position of the stent body (5) corresponding to the fourth blood vessel (4), and the first opening being used to connect the stent body (5) with the fourth blood vessel (4); A covering unit (6) is provided at least on one side of the stent body (5) close to the second blood vessel (2) and is used to cover the stent body (5). The covering unit (6) is provided with a second opening (601) at a position corresponding to the fourth blood vessel (4). The second opening (601) is used to expose the first opening of the stent body (5) so that the fourth blood vessel (4) is connected to the first blood vessel (1) through the stent body (5).

2. The bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support body (5) is in a mesh structure, and the opening of the mesh structure forms the first opening; And / or, the support body (5) is annular; And / or, the support body (5) is a stainless steel support body; And / or, the outer wall of the stent body (5) is used to fit the inner walls of the first blood vessel (1) and the second blood vessel (2); and / or, a cross section is made along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the support body (5), and the cross section of the support body (5) is circular; And / or, the covering unit (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the support body (5) and / or the outer wall of the support body (5); And / or, the coating unit (6) is a thin film structure; And / or, the size of the second opening (601) is not less than the size of the communication opening on the fourth blood vessel (4) corresponding to the stent body (5).

3. The bracket according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the radial direction of the support body (5), the support body (5) is at least two layers; And / or, the covering unit (6) extends from one end of the stent body (5) to the other end of the stent body (5), and the second opening (601) extends from one end of the stent body (5) to the connection between the first blood vessel (1) and the second blood vessel (2).

4. The bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The support comprises: An anastomosis unit (7) has one end connected to one end of the stent body (5) or one end of the covering unit (6) away from the second blood vessel (2), and the other end of the anastomosis unit (7) is used to connect to both the third blood vessel (3) and the first blood vessel (1).

5. The bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anastomosis unit (7) is sutured and fixed to the stent body (5) or the covering unit (6); Alternatively, the anastomosis unit (7) and the covering unit (6) are integrally arranged.

6. The bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anastomotic unit (7) is a thin film structure.

7. The bracket according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anastomotic unit (7) is an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.

8. A method for using a bracket, characterized in that: A stent for use in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method for using the stent comprises: Replace the patient's diseased blood vessels with a third vessel (3); Placing one end of the stent body (5) in the first blood vessel (1), and placing the other end of the stent body (5) in the second blood vessel (2); Adjusting the position of the stent so that the first opening and the second opening (601) are placed at the communicating position of the fourth blood vessel (4); The stent is connected and fixed to the first blood vessel (1) and the third blood vessel (3).

9. The method for using the bracket according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connection between the stent and the first blood vessel (1) specifically includes: connecting the anastomosis unit (7) to the first blood vessel (1); The anastomosis unit (7) is connected to the third blood vessel (3).

10. The method for using the bracket according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anastomosis unit (7) is sutured and fixed to the first blood vessel (1); And / or, the anastomosis unit (7) is sutured and fixed to the third blood vessel (3).

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