Multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drainage tubes, in particular to a multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery, which comprises an in-vivo tube, an in-vitro tube and a negative pressure butt joint tube which are sequentially connected, and the negative pressure butt joint tube is connected with a negative pressure aspirator; the inner diameter of the in-vitro pipe is larger than that of the in-vivo pipe, a bearing pipe is rotationally assembled in the in-vitro pipe in the axial direction of the in-vitro pipe, and the inner diameter of the bearing pipe is equal to that of the in-vivo pipe; a functional guide wire is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bearing tube; the functional guide wire is designed in a spiral shape; a magnetic control assembly for driving the bearing tube and the functional guide wire to rotate is designed on the outer wall of the in-vitro tube, the hot compress drainage tube can be used for being matched with rotation and deformation of the functional guide wire, the blood clot removing efficiency can be remarkably improved, and meanwhile clinical safety is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drainage tubes, in particular to a multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery. Background Art

[0002] Drainage tubes are commonly used medical devices in clinical practice. Their core function is to physically discharge abnormal fluid, blood, gas or infectious substances in the human body, thereby promoting tissue healing and preventing complications.

[0003] During the drainage process, blood clots that may cause blockage are likely to appear in the drainage tube, especially in pediatric patients. Children's coagulation systems are not yet fully mature, and the levels of coagulation factors (such as vitamin K-dependent factors) are low, which may lead to unstable coagulation mechanisms. Secondly, children are more likely to have incomplete hemostasis at the postoperative site. Continuous small amounts of bleeding may cause blood to remain in the drainage tube and form blood clots. If the drainage negative pressure is insufficient or the body position affects the flow rate, the blood retention time is prolonged, and platelets and fibrin are prone to aggregate to form blood clots. Therefore, for drainage tubes used in pediatric surgery, it is necessary to optimize the treatment of blood clots. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery, which can significantly improve the efficiency of blood clot removal by utilizing the hot compress drainage tube in conjunction with the rotation and deformation of a functional guide wire, while having clinical safety.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery, comprising:

[0007] An in-vivo tube, an extracorporeal tube and a negative pressure docking tube are connected in sequence, wherein the negative pressure docking tube is connected to a negative pressure aspirator; the inner diameter of the extracorporeal tube is larger than the inner diameter of the in-vivo tube, and a bearing tube is mounted inside the extracorporeal tube along its axial rotation, and the inner diameter of the bearing tube is equal to the inner diameter of the in-vivo tube; a functional guide wire is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bearing tube; the functional guide wire is spirally designed; and a magnetic control component is designed on the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube to drive the bearing tube and the functional guide wire to rotate.

[0008] Optionally, the magnetron assembly includes an assembly ring fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extracorporeal tube, a carrying ring is rotatably installed inside the assembly ring, the inner wall of the carrying ring rotates around the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube, a plurality of neodymium magnets are embedded in the outer wall of the bearing tube, the plurality of neodymium magnets are distributed in a ring array, a plurality of permanent magnets are embedded in the inner wall of the carrying ring, the plurality of permanent magnets correspond to the neodymium magnets one-to-one and attract each other, a plurality of dials for controlling the rotation of the carrying ring are embedded in the outer wall of the assembly ring, and the transmission between the dial and the carrying ring is achieved by friction.

[0009] Optionally, the functional guidewire is made of a memory alloy and has a spiral structure under normal conditions. When the functional guidewire is heated to a preset temperature, its pitch will gradually increase along its axial direction. The deformation of the functional guidewire generates an axial pressure sufficient to destroy the blood clot, thereby providing an excitation component for heating the functional guidewire.

[0010] Optionally, the excitation component includes an alternating magnetic field generator designed outside the extracorporeal tube, the interior of the functional guide wire is doped with ferromagnetic particles, and the alternating magnetic field generator can excite eddy currents to generate heat in the functional guide wire.

[0011] Optionally, part of the wall of the extracorporeal tube is hollow and designed to have a heat exchange groove, and two external tubes are installed on the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube at the head and tail ends of the heat exchange groove, and the two external tubes are connected to the heat exchange groove, and a circulating hot water pump is used to supply heat to the inside of the heat exchange groove, and the output and input ends of the circulating hot water pump are respectively connected to the two external tubes.

[0012] Optionally, an auxiliary wire is fixedly installed inside the in-vivo tube via a bracket, the auxiliary wire does not interfere with the functional guide wire, and the auxiliary wire is in a permanent spiral shape.

[0013] Optionally, the surfaces of the functional guide wire and the auxiliary wire are coated with a heparin-titanium dioxide composite coating, and the inner wall of the extracorporeal tube and the outer wall of the bearing tube are sprayed with a diamond carbon film.

[0014] Optionally, the cross-section of the functional guide wire is teardrop-shaped or elliptical, and the end of the auxiliary wire is subjected to edge passivation treatment and has a spherical design.

[0015] Optionally, a flushing pipe is installed on the outer wall of the internal tube, and the flushing pipe is connected to the inside of the internal tube. A plurality of lead-in grooves are opened at the end of the internal tube.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The spiral shape of the functional guidewire can ensure the normal flow of the attracted liquid, and by designing a rotatable functional guidewire, the rotation of the functional guidewire can convert the axial flow into spiral flow, and the Coriolis effect can be used to suppress random turbulence; the centrifugal force generated by the rotation can accelerate the movement of thrombus fragments to the tube wall and be discharged through the drainage negative pressure. At the same time, the rotation of the functional guidewire can cause mechanical damage to the blood clot. Therefore, the rotation of the functional guidewire does not affect the normal work of the drainage tube, and can also destroy the blood clot in the drainage tube to prevent the blood clot from blocking the tube.

[0018] 2. The functional guide wire is deformed from a spiral shape to a spiral shape with a larger pitch. When deformation is required to mechanically break up the blood clot, the excitation component heats the functional guide wire to a preset temperature, thereby deforming to generate axial pressure to complete the breaking work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Right view of;

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Sectional view at the middle BB;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the internal tube, the external tube, the functional guide wire and the auxiliary wire in the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Intracorporeal tube; 2. Extracorporeal tube; 3. Flushing pipeline; 4. Induction groove; 5. External tube; 6. Negative pressure butt tube; 7. Assembly ring; 8. Bearing tube; 9. Functional guide wire; 11. Load-bearing ring; 12. Pulley; 13. Neodymium magnet; 14. Heat exchange groove; 15. Auxiliary wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery, comprising:

[0027] The in-vivo tube 1, the out-vivo tube 2 and the negative pressure docking tube 6 are connected in sequence, and the negative pressure docking tube 6 is connected to the negative pressure aspirator; the inner diameter of the out-vivo tube 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the in-vivo tube 1, and the inside of the out-vivo tube 2 is equipped with a bearing tube 8 along its axial rotation, and the inner diameter of the bearing tube 8 is equal to the inner diameter of the in-vivo tube 1; a functional guide wire 9 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bearing tube 8; the functional guide wire 9 is of spiral design; the outer wall of the out-vivo tube 2 is designed with a magnetic control component for driving the bearing tube 8 and the functional guide wire 9 to rotate.

[0028] In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to the coagulation mechanism. The physiological process of blood coagulation is as follows: blood contact with foreign matter such as the wall of the drainage tube will activate the coagulation system. The material of the drainage tube, such as silicone, may stimulate platelet adhesion and aggregation. Tissue factor release activates the exogenous coagulation pathway, generating a fibrin network to wrap blood cells to form blood clots. This is especially true for children. Children have small blood vessels with thin walls and are more difficult to stop bleeding during surgery. Postoperative wounds are more likely to continue to bleed. The exuded blood is easy to coagulate after entering the drainage tube. Children's coagulation factor levels are only 50% to 70% of those of adults. They are deficient in vitamin K-dependent factors, and there may be an imbalance in the coagulation and anticoagulation mechanisms, resulting in an unstable coagulation process and easy formation of local thrombi or blood clots. Therefore, this case was resolved through A rotatable functional guide wire 9 is designed in the drainage tube, and a bearing tube 8 is used as a rotation support. The inner diameter of the bearing tube 8 is consistent with the inner diameter of the body tube 1, and does not interfere with the normal suction of the drainage tube. The spiral shape of the functional guide wire 9 can ensure the normal flow of the suction liquid. At the same time, the rotation of the functional guide wire 9 will convert the axial flow into spiral flow, and the Coriolis effect is used to suppress random turbulence; the centrifugal force generated by the rotation can accelerate the movement of thrombus fragments to the tube wall and be discharged through the drainage negative pressure. At the same time, the rotation of the functional guide wire 9 can cause mechanical damage to the blood clot. Therefore, the rotation of the functional guide wire 9 will not affect the normal operation of the drainage tube, but also can destroy the blood clot in the drainage tube to prevent the blood clot from clogging the pipeline.

[0029] Among them, the more preferred embodiment, the magnetic control component includes an assembly ring 7 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extracorporeal tube 2, a carrying ring 11 is rotatably installed inside the assembly ring 7, the inner wall of the carrying ring 11 rotates around the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube 2, a plurality of neodymium magnets 13 are embedded in the outer wall of the bearing tube 8, and the plurality of neodymium magnets 13 are distributed in a ring array, a plurality of permanent magnets are embedded in the inner wall of the carrying ring 11, and the plurality of permanent magnets correspond to the neodymium magnets 13 one by one and attract each other, a plurality of dials 12 for controlling the rotation of the carrying ring 11 are embedded in the outer wall of the assembly ring 7, and the transmission between the dial 12 and the carrying ring 11 is based on friction force, please refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the carrying ring 11 and the neodymium magnet 13 are attracted in the air, and the rotation of the carrying ring 11 can drive the bearing tube 8 to rotate. In detail, a permanent magnet arranged in a ring, such as N52 neodymium iron boron, is used to drive the rotation through a servo motor to generate a rotating magnetic field. The magnetic field strength needs to be ≥50mT to ensure that the magnet at the end of the guide wire can follow the rotation. Secondly, magnetic coupling optimization is also required. The magnetic field distribution is simulated by COMSOL to ensure that the torque of the functional guide wire 9 is ≥1mN·m so that it can break the blood clot.

[0030] In a more preferred embodiment, the functional guide wire 9 is made of memory alloy. The functional guide wire 9 is a spiral structure under normal conditions. When the functional guide wire 9 is heated to a preset temperature, its pitch will gradually increase along its axial direction. The deformation of the functional guide wire 9 generates an axial pressure sufficient to destroy the blood clot. The excitation component for heating the functional guide wire 9 is shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the functional guide wire 9 is deformed from a spiral shape to a spiral shape with a larger pitch, which can not only achieve mechanical destruction of the blood clot, but also avoid interference of the functional guide wire 9 with the drainage tube under normal conditions. In detail, in normal conditions, that is, when not blocked, the functional guide wire 9 maintains a preset spiral shape to ensure low-resistance drainage, with laminar flow as the main flow. The spiral structure naturally suppresses turbulence, similar to the principle of a static mixer, and does not significantly increase flow resistance. When deformation is required to mechanically break up the blood clot, the excitation component heats the functional guide wire 9 to a preset temperature, thereby deforming to generate axial pressure to complete the crushing work. The memory alloy in this embodiment is a nickel-titanium alloy, so that its austenite state is a spiral state. At the same time, the functional guide wire 9 is subjected to shape memory training under the constraint of a clamp, and the martensite state corresponds to a spiral shape with a larger pitch.

[0031] Deformation crushing is stronger than rotation crushing, mainly because the rotation of the functional guide wire 9 may cause the blood clot to rotate synchronously with it and remain relatively still. Although the probability of this happening is low, deformation can overcome or solve this problem.

[0032] Based on the embodiment of the deformable functional guide wire 9, the excitation component includes an alternating magnetic field generator designed outside the in vitro tube 2. Ferromagnetic particles are doped inside the functional guide wire 9. The alternating magnetic field generator can excite eddy current to generate heat for the functional guide wire 9. In this embodiment, the ferromagnetic particles can be Fe3O 4 The layered structure of the functional guide wire 9 is a core layer bioactive layer, wherein the core layer is NiTiNOL+Fe3O 4 Composite wire, bioactive layer: surface coated with heparin-chitosan composite, heating mechanism: alternating magnetic field acts on Fe3O 4 When the particles are separated, the magnetic particles generate heat due to hysteresis loss and eddy current effect. This heating method can accurately control the temperature, and the magnetic field parameters are adjustable to achieve local fixed-point heating with low error. Secondly, there is no need for wire connection, which reduces the risk of infection and achieves the effect of non-contact triggering. Heating softens the thrombus + guidewire deformation mechanical destruction improves the removal efficiency.

[0033] Based on the embodiment of the deformable functional guide wire 9, part of the wall of the extracorporeal tube 2 is hollowly designed with a heat exchange groove 14, and two external tubes 5 are installed on the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube 2 at the head and tail ends of the heat exchange groove 14, and the two external tubes 5 are connected to the heat exchange groove 14. A circulating hot water pump is used to heat the inside of the heat exchange groove 14, and the output and input ends of the circulating hot water pump are respectively connected to the two external tubes 5. In this embodiment, the blood clot has a thermal response characteristic. When the temperature rises to 40-45°C, the fibrin network is partially dissociated and the tensile strength decreases by 30%-50%. At this temperature, the red blood cell membrane remains more intact to avoid secondary thrombosis. Therefore, continuous heating can soften the blood clot and assist in the breakage of the blood clot. In particular, with the rotation and deformation of the functional guide wire 9, the efficiency of blood clot removal can be significantly improved while having clinical safety.

[0034] Based on the embodiment of the deformable functional guide wire 9, an auxiliary wire 15 is fixedly installed inside the body tube 1 through a bracket. The auxiliary wire 15 and the functional guide wire 9 do not interfere with each other. The auxiliary wire 15 is a permanent spiral shape. The auxiliary wire 15 is always in a static state. The auxiliary wire 15 maintains a spiral state to ensure the working quality of the body tube 1, reduce or suppress turbulence, maintain laminar flow, and enable the aspirated fluid to flow more stably, avoiding interference with the drainage tube.

[0035] Furthermore, the surfaces of the functional guide wire 9 and the auxiliary wire 15 are coated with a heparin-titanium dioxide composite coating, the inner wall of the extracorporeal tube 2 and the outer wall of the bearing tube 8 are sprayed with a diamond carbon film, and heparin is covalently grafted to the titanium dioxide carrier. Heparin inhibits thrombin activity, blocks the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and reduces platelet adhesion. The two synergistically enhance the anti-coagulation ability of the auxiliary wire 15 and the functional guide wire 9. By designing a diamond carbon film, also known as a DLC coating, the wear resistance of the in vivo tube 1 and the bearing tube 8 can be enhanced.

[0036] Furthermore, the cross-section of the functional guide wire 9 is teardrop-shaped or elliptical, and the end of the auxiliary wire 15 is edge-passivated, and the end is spherical in design. In the present embodiment, the teardrop-shaped structure has a blunt head and a gradually expanding tail, which can guide the fluid to smoothly transition and reduce boundary layer separation. The elliptical shape has a symmetrical streamlined shape, which is suitable for bidirectional flow scenarios. Both can better maintain laminar flow, and the edge passivation of the spherical shape is to make the end of the auxiliary wire 15 smoother, to perform a terminal safety design, and to avoid damage to the tissues in the body.

[0037] Furthermore, a flushing pipe 3 is installed on the outer wall of the internal tube 1, and the flushing pipe 3 is connected to the inside of the internal tube 1. A plurality of drainage grooves 4 are opened at the end of the internal tube 1. In this case, the drainage groove 4 is opened along the axial direction of the internal tube 1. The plurality of axially opened drainage grooves 4 can disperse the suction area of ​​the drainage tube and cover a wider wound surface. It is particularly suitable for deep or irregular cavities, such as abdominal abscesses and complex wounds, to avoid drainage blind spots caused by improper position of a single hole. Secondly, when the drainage tube is slightly displaced with body position or organ activity, the multi-slot design can still keep part of the slot in contact with the effusion, thereby reducing the risk of drainage interruption and greatly reducing the risk of blockage.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes the hot compress drainage tube in conjunction with the rotation and deformation of the functional guide wire 9, which can significantly improve the efficiency of blood clot removal while having clinical safety.

[0039] The standard parts used in this embodiment can be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural components recorded in the specification and the drawings can also be directly processed according to the existing technical common sense without any doubt. At the same time, the connection method of each component adopts the mature conventional means in the prior art, and the machinery, parts and equipment all adopt the conventional models in the prior art, so no specific description will be given here.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery, characterized in that: include: An in-vivo tube (1), an extracorporeal tube (2) and a negative pressure butt joint tube (6) connected in sequence, wherein the negative pressure butt joint tube (6) is connected to a negative pressure aspirator; The inner diameter of the extracorporeal tube (2) is greater than the inner diameter of the intracorporeal tube (1); a bearing tube (8) is mounted inside the extracorporeal tube (2) along its axial rotation, and the inner diameter of the bearing tube (8) is equal to the inner diameter of the intracorporeal tube (1); A functional guide wire (9) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bearing tube (8); The functional guide wire (9) is of spiral design; The outer wall of the extracorporeal tube (2) is designed with a magnetic control component for driving the bearing tube (8) and the functional guide wire (9) to rotate.

2. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magneto-control assembly comprises an assembly ring (7) fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extracorporeal tube (2); a carrying ring (11) is rotatably mounted inside the assembly ring (7); the inner wall of the carrying ring (11) rotatably surrounds the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube (2); a plurality of neodymium magnets (13) are embedded in the outer wall of the bearing tube (8); the plurality of neodymium magnets (13) are distributed in a ring array; a plurality of permanent magnets are embedded in the inner wall of the carrying ring (11); the plurality of permanent magnets correspond to the neodymium magnets (13) one by one and attract each other; a plurality of thumbwheels (12) for controlling the rotation of the carrying ring (11) are embedded in the outer wall of the assembly ring (7); the thumbwheels (12) and the carrying ring (11) are driven by friction.

3. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional guide wire (9) is made of a memory alloy and is a spiral structure under normal conditions. When the functional guide wire (9) is heated to a preset temperature, its pitch gradually increases along its axial direction. The functional guide wire (9) is deformed to generate an axial pressure sufficient to destroy the blood clot, thereby heating the functional guide wire (9).

4. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The excitation component comprises an alternating magnetic field generator designed outside the extracorporeal tube (2), the interior of the functional guide wire (9) is doped with ferromagnetic particles, and the alternating magnetic field generator can excite eddy currents to generate heat in the functional guide wire (9).

5. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heat exchange groove (14) is designed to be formed in a hollow portion of the wall of the extracorporeal tube (2). Two external tubes (5) are installed on the outer wall of the extracorporeal tube (2) at the head and tail ends of the heat exchange groove (14). The two external tubes (5) are both connected to the heat exchange groove (14). A circulating hot water pump is provided to supply heat to the interior of the heat exchange groove (14). The output and input ends of the circulating hot water pump are respectively connected to the two external tubes (5).

6. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary wire (15) is fixedly installed inside the in-vivo tube (1) via a bracket, the auxiliary wire (15) and the functional guide wire (9) do not interfere with each other, and the auxiliary wire (15) is in a permanent spiral shape.

7. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surfaces of the functional guide wire (9) and the auxiliary wire (15) are coated with a heparin-titanium dioxide composite coating, and the inner wall of the extracorporeal tube (2) and the outer wall of the bearing tube (8) are sprayed with a diamond carbon film.

8. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross section of the functional guide wire (9) is teardrop-shaped or elliptical, and the end of the auxiliary wire (15) is subjected to edge passivation treatment and is spherical in design.

9. The multifunctional drainage tube for pediatric surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the internal tube (1) is provided with a flushing pipe (3), the flushing pipe (3) is communicated with the inside of the internal tube (1), and a plurality of lead-in grooves (4) are provided at the end of the internal tube (1).

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