Fluidized bed spray granulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluidized bed spray granulator which comprises a tower body, a rotational flow aeration assembly, a multi-shaft spray assembly and an exhaust filter box. The spiral-flow aeration assembly is arranged at the bottom of the tower body, an air guide seat and a cyclone disc are arranged in the spiral-flow aeration assembly, and a plurality of tangential air channels and conical exhaust holes are constructed, so that input air flow forms a plurality of strands of ascending spiral flows for uniformly agitating powder; the multi-shaft spraying assembly comprises two independent driving motors which are respectively used for driving a nozzle to realize deflection and reciprocating sliding spraying, so that large-range dynamic atomization is carried out on powder; an exhaust filter box is arranged at the top of the tower body, is internally provided with a spiral rotational flow sheet and a multi-stage filter structure, and is used for reducing kinetic energy of rotational flow gas, inhibiting powder from escaping and purifying exhausted gas. Through the synergistic effect of rotational flow dispersion, dynamic spraying and rotational flow speed reduction filtering structures, efficient fluidization and uniform granulation of powder are achieved, the granulation quality and the powder recycling efficiency are remarkably improved, and the device is suitable for the fields of fine chemical engineering, medicine, food and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized beds, in particular to a fluidized bed spray granulator. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of particle quality requirements in the fine chemical, pharmaceutical, and biomaterial industries, fluidized bed spray granulation technology has been widely used because it can achieve uniform mixing, balling, and drying of powders. In traditional spray granulation equipment, a single central airflow is usually used to lift the powder from bottom to top, and a fixed-point nozzle is used for liquid atomization spraying. The powder material in the equipment is accumulated at the bottom of the tower body, and the lower air distribution chamber provides a vertical airflow to lift the powder. The nozzle is installed in the center of the upper part of the tower body and sprays the atomized liquid in the center area. In some improvement plans, attempts are also made to achieve deflected spraying of the nozzle through simple mechanical swinging.

[0003] However, the above existing technical solutions have the following obvious defects: Since existing technologies mostly rely on central vertical airflow to lift materials, the airflow coverage area is small and the disturbance is weak, making it difficult to fully break up powder agglomeration, resulting in insufficient combination of atomized droplets and powders, affecting particle uniformity and molding efficiency. Secondly, fixed or single-axis swing nozzles have limited spraying angles and concentrated spraying areas, which can easily cause droplets to accumulate into clumps. Most existing nozzles are fixedly installed or simply mechanically swung, with limited spraying trajectories that cannot dynamically cover the entire powder fluidization area, causing liquid to be concentratedly sprayed in a local area, causing agglomeration or uneven particle structure.

[0004] Traditional exhaust methods are mostly straight-through or single-layer filter structures, which cannot effectively slow down and guide high-speed swirling gas. Fine particles overflow with the gas, which not only causes raw material loss, but also may produce dust pollution and cannot meet the requirements of high clean working conditions.

[0005] In view of this, research and improvement are carried out on the existing problems, and a fluidized bed spray granulator is provided to solve the current problems. The purpose is to solve the problems and improve the practical value through this technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a fluidized bed spray granulator with novel structure and high efficiency, which is suitable for the spray granulation process of powder materials and aims to solve the problems of uneven spraying, material agglomeration, low recovery rate and the like existing in the existing granulation equipment.

[0007] A fluidized bed spray granulator comprises: a tower body, a cyclone aeration assembly, a multi-axis spray assembly and an exhaust filter box fixed to the inner side of the tower body, wherein the top surface of the tower body is provided with a top cover, and the cyclone aeration assembly is fixed to the bottom end of the tower body, and the exhaust filter box is used to filter and discharge the gas inside the tower body; The cyclone aeration assembly includes an air distribution box, an air distribution seat and an air guide seat fixed to the inner side of the air distribution box, the surface of the air distribution box is provided with an air inlet arranged tangentially, the air guide seat includes a fixed seat, a cyclone disk and an exhaust hole fixed to the top of the cyclone disk, and the top of the exhaust hole passes through the top surface of the air distribution box and is located on the inner side of the air distribution seat, the surface of the air distribution seat is provided with an air-permeable grille, the air distribution seat is detachably arranged on the top surface of the air distribution box, the surface of the cyclone disk is provided with a plurality of cyclone holes connected to each exhaust hole in a one-to-one correspondence, and the surface of the exhaust hole is provided with a plurality of air ducts connected to each cyclone hole in a tangential manner; The multi-axis spray assembly includes a pipe support, a drive seat, an axle seat, a sliding sleeve and a nozzle. The surface of the pipe support is provided with an inspection plate for connecting to the surface of the tower body. The surface of the drive seat is provided with a first drive motor and a second drive motor. The output end of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the axle seat. The nozzle is rotatably mounted on one end of the axle seat. The surface of the sliding sleeve is movably connected with a connecting ear movably connected to one side of the nozzle. The output end of the first drive motor is provided with a crank wheel. The surface of the sliding sleeve is provided with a slide groove. The surface of the crank wheel is provided with a slide pin that is sleeved on the inner side of the slide groove. This scheme sets a swirl structure with a spiral airway so that the airflow forms multiple ascending swirls inside the tower body, which promotes the dispersion and floating of the powder. At the same time, the multi-axis controlled nozzle can deflect and slide in different directions to achieve dynamic and uniform droplet spraying, improve the uniformity of particle forming, and prevent material agglomeration.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment: the exhaust filter box includes a filter cartridge and a filter disc fixed to the inner side of the top cover, the top surface of the filter cartridge is connected to the bottom surface of the filter disc, a swirl sheet is provided on the surface of the filter cartridge, and a filter screen is provided on the surface of the branch pipe rack.

[0009] The filter box design in this structure can effectively filter the residual powder in the exhaust gas. The swirl blade forms a counter-rotating airflow deceleration area, which helps the particles to settle and return to the tower body to participate in re-granulation, thereby improving the granulation efficiency and recovery rate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the air passages on the surface of the cyclone disk are all connected to the inner cavity of the air distribution box, the air passages are tangentially connected to the cyclone holes, and the exhaust holes are conical in shape for columnar discharge of the air flow. The tangentially connected air passages and the conical exhaust hole structure enhance the rotational kinetic energy of the air flow, so that the gas forms a columnar strong cyclone to transport the powder upward, which is conducive to the stable suspension and dispersed fluidization of the powder.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the air-permeable grating is used to guide the air flow through the top column of the air seat, and the mesh diameter of the air-permeable grating is 0.5mm-1.0mm to prevent the material from passing downward through the air-permeable grating.

[0012] The grid mesh setting is used to accurately control the air flow permeability, ensuring the smooth rise of the swirl gas while preventing the powder from sinking, thereby improving the high consistency of powder distribution.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the tower body is in a conical cylindrical shape, and the first drive motor and the second drive motor on the drive seat surface are used to drive the nozzle to move in two axes to deflect and spray the surface of the air distribution seat. Under the control of the dual motors, the nozzle can achieve compound movement, accurately control the spraying area, effectively cover the air distribution seat area, and reduce the local agglomeration problem caused by concentrated droplet spraying.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a flexible liquid pipe for connecting to the nozzle is provided on the surface of the pipe support, and the drive seat is fixed to one end of the pipe support.

[0015] The flexible liquid pipe connection design ensures that the liquid supply can be kept stable even when the spraying process deflects greatly, avoiding problems such as flow interruption and droplet deviation.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the crank wheel and the sliding pin at the output end of the first driving motor are used to drive the sliding sleeve to slide back and forth on the surface of the shaft seat, and the two ends of the connecting ear are respectively connected to the sliding sleeve and the surface of the nozzle for rotation. The crank wheel cooperates with the sliding pin mechanism to make the nozzle produce axial reciprocating motion while deflecting, significantly improving the spray coverage area and ensuring uniform granulation process.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the swirl sheet is in the shape of a spiral strip, and a plurality of swirl sheets are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the filter cartridge in a circumferential direction, and the outer periphery of the swirl sheet abuts against the inner side of the tower body. The spiral swirl sheet is designed to form a counter-rotating air field, which can slow down the air flow speed, promote the sedimentation of fine particles, improve the recovery rate of powders and reduce emission pollution.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, multiple tangentially rising rotating airflows are formed through the design of the air guide seat and the exhaust hole structure in the cyclone aeration assembly, which significantly improves the dispersion efficiency of the powder material in the tower body. The multi-cyclone air distribution method can effectively break up the accumulated powder and form a uniform and controllable suspension state, which not only increases the contact probability between the material and the droplets, but also creates an ideal particle distribution environment for subsequent atomization spraying, avoiding the problem of poor particle formation caused by uneven materials.

[0019] 2. In the present invention, dual drive motors are used in conjunction with a sliding sleeve and a linkage structure to achieve multi-axis deflection and reciprocating motion of the nozzle, completing a large-scale, dynamic and uniform liquid spray process. The spray angle and rhythm can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, the atomization uniformity can be improved, and the local agglomeration or wet sticking phenomenon caused by the nozzle spraying in a fixed area can be effectively prevented, thereby obtaining particles with uniform particle size and full shape, and improving the granulation quality and efficiency.

[0020] 3. In the present invention, an exhaust filter box is provided at the top of the tower body, with a built-in cyclone sheet and a multi-stage filtering device, which can effectively reduce the kinetic energy of the airflow, control the overflow of powder, and realize gas purification and dust recovery. The cyclone sheet produces a reverse turbulent flow zone, which slows down the speed of the rising airflow and deflects its direction, which is conducive to the sedimentation and reflux of unformed particles and reduces the loss of raw materials. The filter screen and filter disc further filter fine particles, improve environmental protection performance, and meet the emission control requirements of high cleanliness industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tower body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust filter box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a cyclone aeration component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an air guide seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface structure of the air guide seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axis spray assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of a driving seat according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100, tower body; 110, top cover; 111, exhaust port; 200, cyclone aeration assembly; 210, air distribution box; 220, air distribution seat; 230, air guide seat; 211, air inlet; 221, air permeable grid; 231, fixed seat; 232, cyclone disk; 233, exhaust hole; 300, multi-axis spray assembly; 310, pipe support; 320, drive seat; 330, shaft seat; 340, slide kit; 350, nozzle; 311, repair plate; 321, first drive motor; 322, second drive motor; 341, slide slot; 342, linkage ear; 400, exhaust filter box; 410, filter cartridge; 420, filter disc; 411, filter screen; 412, swirl plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific implementations and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] It is to be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0025] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 8 A fluidized bed spray granulator provided in some embodiments of the present invention is described. Embodiment 1:

[0026] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the fluidized bed spray granulator includes a tower body 100, a cyclone aeration assembly 200, a multi-axis spray assembly 300 and an exhaust filter box 400, with coordinated structures and efficient operation.

[0027] Tower structure: The tower body 100 is in a conical cylindrical shape, with a top cover 110 on the top, and an exhaust port 111 is provided on the top cover. The internal space of the tower body is used for powder fluidization and spray granulation.

[0028] Cyclone aeration assembly 200: Fixed at the bottom of the tower body, including an air distribution box 210, an air distribution seat 220 and an air guide seat 230. The outer surface of the air distribution box 210 is provided with a plurality of tangentially arranged air inlets 211; the air guide seat 230 is fixed in the air distribution box, and is provided with a fixed seat 231, a cyclone disk 232 and an exhaust hole 233. The surface of the cyclone disk 232 is provided with cyclone holes corresponding to the exhaust holes 233 one by one, and each cyclone hole is connected to the tangential airway to form a stable cyclone; the top of the exhaust hole 233 passes through the air distribution box and is located inside the air distribution seat 220 to guide the rotating airflow; the surface of the air distribution seat 220 is provided with a breathable grille 221, which can be detachably arranged on the top of the air distribution box, and its mesh diameter is a specific size (such as 0.8mm), which is used to support the powder material to prevent it from penetrating downward but allow the airflow to rise.

[0029] Multi-axis spray assembly 300: Installed on the upper part of the tower body, it includes a support pipe rack 310, a drive seat 320, a shaft seat 330, a sliding kit 340 and a nozzle 350: an inspection plate 311 is provided on the surface of the support pipe rack 310 for easy maintenance; the drive seat 320 is provided with a first drive motor 321 and a second drive motor 322, which respectively control the deflection movement of the shaft seat 330 and the reciprocating sliding of the sliding kit 340; the nozzle 350 is installed at the front end of the shaft seat 330, and the sliding kit 340 is connected to the crank wheel through the slide groove 341 and the sliding pin to realize reciprocating motion; the connecting ear 342 connects the sliding kit and the nozzle to realize synchronous deflection and sliding, and the spray angle is dynamically adjustable.

[0030] Exhaust filter box 400: Fixed at the top of the tower body, including a filter cartridge 410 and a filter disc 420 connected to its upper end. The filter cartridge 410 is provided with spirally arranged swirl sheets 412, the outer periphery of which abuts against the inner wall of the tower body, guiding the spiral deceleration of the rising airflow, and promoting the powder-carrying gas to settle and participate in regranulation; a filter screen 411 is provided on the surface of the filter cartridge to prevent fine powder from escaping; the gas filtered by the filter cartridge and the filter disc is discharged through the exhaust port 111.

[0031] Brief description of the working process: The gas enters the air distribution box 210 through the air inlet 211, forms multiple swirls through the tangential airway inside the air guide seat, passes through the air distribution seat upward and blows the powder; at the same time, the liquid is sprayed on the surface of the powder through the driven nozzle, and the powder and liquid droplets are mixed to form particles. During the rising process, the unformed particles fall back due to the obstruction of the swirl sheet, realizing particle size screening and cyclic granulation. Embodiment 2:

[0032] In order to meet the requirements of granulation with higher precision or various powder characteristics, this embodiment optimizes the cyclone aeration structure and the spray control method.

[0033] The structure of the air guide seat is optimized: the tapered design at the end of the exhaust hole 233 enhances the column-oriented exhaust effect; the number and arrangement of the cyclone holes are adjustable, and the air flow and angle are controlled by PLC programming to achieve dynamic control of the cyclone speed; the material of the air guide seat 230 is corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant alloy material, which is suitable for corrosive or high-temperature powder granulation scenarios.

[0034] Enhanced multi-axis spray assembly: A flexible connecting pipe is provided at the connection between the nozzle 350 and the liquid pipe, which is suitable for liquids of various viscosities; the drive seat 320 is provided with a liquid pipeline channel to facilitate closed liquid supply; different working rhythms can be set through the control program to achieve intermittent spraying and variable frequency motion, thereby improving the consistency of particle size.

[0035] Variable structure of the exhaust system: the filter 411 is a replaceable module structure, and different filtering precisions are selected according to the particle size recovery requirements after granulation; the angle of the swirl sheet 412 in the filter cartridge 410 can be fine-tuned to finely control the reflux swirl intensity to adapt to different powder densities and particle sizes.

[0036] The working principle and use process of the present invention: The fluidized bed spray granulator provided by the present invention is designed based on the synergistic principle of "cyclone granulation + multi-axis spraying", making full use of the dispersing and agitating effect of the cyclone airflow on the powder material and the dynamic spraying effect of the multi-axis nozzle to achieve uniformity and controllability of particle forming.

[0037] Principle of cyclone granulation: an air pump or external air source is connected to the air inlet 211 of the air distribution box 210; the air flow enters the cyclone hole along the air channel arranged tangentially on the inner surface of the air guide seat 230 to form a cyclonic air flow; the cyclone gas is further converged in the conical exhaust hole 233 to form an ascending rotating air flow; the ascending air flow passes through the air permeable grid 221, enters the middle of the tower body, contacts the powder material and causes it to suspend, jump and disperse; multiple cyclones form an ascending path that does not interfere with each other from multiple exhaust holes, thereby improving the fluidity and distribution uniformity of the powder.

[0038] Principle of spray granulation: spray liquid is sent into the spray assembly through the pipeline, and is driven by the first drive motor 321 and the second drive motor 322 controlled by the drive seat 320: one axis controls the swing angle of the shaft seat 330; the other axis controls the sliding sleeve 340 to slide back and forth in the slide groove 341; drives the nozzle 350 to rotate and spray at the material distribution area in the middle of the tower body, so as to achieve fine mist coverage in different directions and multiple angles; a connecting ear 342 is set at the front end of the nozzle to ensure smooth and synchronous movement of the spraying process; the sprayed droplets and the jumping powder are fully mixed and bonded in the space, and gradually form balls and particles.

[0039] Airflow control and powder sedimentation mechanism: the upward swirling gas contacts the exhaust filter box 400 at the top of the tower body; the tiny dust is separated by the filtering action of the filter cartridge 410 and the filter disc 420 and discharged from the exhaust port 111; the swirl sheet 412 arranged on the outside of the filter cartridge has a reverse rotation direction, which guides the main airflow to decelerate and rotate, prompting the airflow carrying unformed particles to reflux, thereby enhancing the granulation efficiency and reducing the powder loss.

[0040] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed spray granulator, characterized in that: include: A tower body (100), a cyclone aeration assembly (200), a multi-axis spray assembly (300), and an exhaust filter box (400) fixed to the inner side of the tower body (100); a top cover (110) is provided on the top surface of the tower body (100); the cyclone aeration assembly (200) is fixed to the bottom end of the tower body (100); and the exhaust filter box (400) is used to filter and discharge gas inside the tower body (100); The cyclone aeration assembly (200) comprises an air distribution box (210), an air distribution seat (220), and an air guide seat (230) fixed to the inner side of the air distribution box (210); a tangentially arranged air inlet (211) is provided on the surface of the air distribution box (210); the air guide seat (230) comprises a fixing seat (231), a cyclone disk (232), and an exhaust hole (233) fixed to the top end of the cyclone disk (232); and the top end of the exhaust hole (233) is penetrated by a Passing through the top surface of the air distribution box (210) and being located on the inner side of the air distribution seat (220), a permeable grille (221) is provided on the surface of the air distribution seat (220), the air distribution seat (220) is detachably arranged on the top surface of the air distribution box (210), a plurality of cyclone holes connected to the exhaust holes (233) in a one-to-one correspondence are provided on the surface of the cyclone disk (232), and a plurality of air passages tangentially connected to the exhaust holes (233) are provided on the surface of the exhaust holes (233); The multi-axis spray assembly (300) comprises a pipe support frame (310), a drive seat (320), an axle seat (330), a sliding sleeve (340) and a spray head (350). The surface of the pipe support frame (310) is provided with an inspection plate (311) for connecting with the surface of the tower body (100). The surface of the drive seat (320) is provided with a first drive motor (321) and a second drive motor (322). The output end of the second drive motor (322) is fixedly connected to one end of the axle seat (330). The spray head (350) is rotatably mounted on one end of the axle seat (330). The surface of the sliding sleeve (340) is movably connected with a connecting ear (342) movably connected to one side of the spray head (350). The output end of the first drive motor (321) is provided with a crank wheel. The surface of the sliding sleeve (340) is provided with a slide groove (341). The surface of the crank wheel is provided with a slide pin sleeved on the inner side of the slide groove (341).

2. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust filter box (400) comprises a filter cartridge (410) and a filter disc (420) fixed to the inner side of the top cover (110); the top surface of the filter cartridge (410) is connected to the bottom surface of the filter disc (420); a swirl sheet (412) is provided on the surface of the filter cartridge (410); and a filter screen (411) is provided on the surface of the pipe support (310).

3. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air passages on the surface of the cyclone disk (232) are all in communication with the inner cavity of the air distribution box (210), the air passages are in tangential communication with the cyclone holes, and the exhaust holes (233) are in a cone shape for guiding the airflow column outward.

4. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air permeable grid (221) is used for the airflow to pass through the top column of the air guide seat (230); the mesh diameter of the air permeable grid (221) is 0.5 mm-1.0 mm, so as to prevent the material from passing downward through the air permeable grid (221).

5. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body (100) is in the shape of a conical cylinder, and the first drive motor (321) and the second drive motor (322) on the surface of the drive seat (320) are used to drive the spray head (350) to move in two axes, thereby performing deflection movement and spraying toward the surface of the air distribution seat (220).

6. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible liquid pipe for connecting to the nozzle (350) is provided on the surface of the pipe support frame (310), and the drive seat (320) is fixed to one end of the pipe support frame (310).

7. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank wheel and the sliding pin at the output end of the first driving motor (321) are used to drive the sliding sleeve (340) to slide back and forth on the surface of the shaft seat (330), and the two ends of the connecting ear (342) are rotatably connected to the surfaces of the sliding sleeve (340) and the nozzle (350) respectively.

8. The fluidized bed spray granulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swirl sheets (412) are in the shape of spiral strips, and a plurality of the swirl sheets (412) are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the filter cartridge (410) in a circumferential direction, and the outer periphery of the swirl sheets (412) abuts against the inner side of the tower body (100).

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