Air hammer omni-directional vibration type electric precipitation anode system

Abstract

The invention discloses an air hammer omnibearing rapping type electric precipitation anode system which comprises anode plates, a suspension beam and a clamping mechanism, and the anode plates are suspended through the suspension beam in an electric field and are vertically arranged to form an anode plate row; the anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms which are sequentially and transversely arranged from top to bottom and indirectly receives pneumatic rapping force from the pneumatic rapping device through the clamping mechanisms, the anode plates can generate transverse displacement relative to the suspension beam in the pneumatic rapping direction when being pneumatically rapped, the space utilization rate is large, and the rapping dust removal effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic precipitators, in particular to the technical field of electrostatic precipitator anode systems. Background Art

[0002] Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is an environmental protection equipment that uses high-voltage electrostatic field to remove particulate matter from industrial waste gas. It is widely used in coal-fired power plants, metallurgy, cement, chemical industry and other industries. It is one of the key equipment for controlling air pollution. The core structure of the ESP includes the discharge electrode (i.e. cathode, used to generate corona discharge), the dust collecting electrode (i.e. anode, used to adsorb charged particles), the high-voltage power supply system (used to provide DC high voltage electricity and maintain the electric field strength), the vibration device (to prevent the electrode plate from being too thickly accumulated and maintain the dust removal efficiency) and the ash hopper (to collect the fallen dust). When in use, high-voltage DC power (usually 40-100 kV) will be applied to the cathode to generate a strong electric field and ionize the surrounding gas (forming corona discharge and releasing a large number of free electrons). The dust particles in the exhaust gas will collide with electrons or ions and adsorb charges while passing through the electric field, and the charged particles will move to the dust collecting electrode under the action of the electric field force and be adsorbed until they are vibrated to the ash hopper and discharged.

[0003] Existing vibration devices mainly use mechanical vibration and electromagnetic vibration to achieve vibration cleaning function; among them, the electromagnetic vibration method usually requires the arrangement of electromagnetic vibration devices in the space of 2 to 3 m at the top of the inner cavity of the electrostatic precipitator, such as a small-scale high-efficiency tubular electrostatic precipitator with publication number CN108246505A and a top electromagnetic vibration integrated control device with announcement number CN102553383B; this vibration method vibrates the anode plate from the top to the bottom, so the anode plate is easy to be unable to be effectively cleaned due to the low vibration force on the bottom, and on the other hand, it is easy to be damaged due to the excessive vibration force on the top; at the same time, the vibration point of the electromagnetic vibration method The number is usually large, and there are easy problems of local corrosion and increased flue gas treatment due to air leakage; similarly, the mechanical vibration method usually arranges the mechanical vibrator on one side of the electric field, and there is a problem of uneven distribution of the vibration force, such as a side mechanical vibration electrostatic precipitator with announcement number CN211865458U and a side vibration electrostatic precipitator with a conductive filter plate with announcement number CN220143684U; in addition, the mechanical vibration method often has the problem that the vibration force cannot be adjusted and the length of the electrostatic precipitator is too long (that is, the electrostatic precipitator occupies too much space) due to the large invalid space in the length direction of the electric field.

[0004] Sludge is an organic solid waste generated during sewage treatment. It is mainly composed of microbial communities, organic particles, inorganic matter and water. It is a form of biomass energy ("wet biomass") and has the potential for resource utilization. At present, electric fields often use biomass (sludge) mixed with coal-fired units to reduce CO 2 emissions; however, this biomass blending method will lead to a significant increase in the proportion of fine particles below PM1 in the flue gas dust entering the electrostatic precipitator (which will further aggravate the dust accumulation and corrosion of the electrostatic precipitator); in addition, the flue gas from burning high-moisture coal, sintering machine head flue gas, and papermaking alkali furnace flue gas has the characteristics of strong adhesion, large repose angle and light dust, so the dust adheres to the anode plate and is not easily vibrated and cleaned. The phenomenon is more obvious; in this case, if only ordinary cleaning enhancement measures such as increasing the vibration cleaning force and increasing the cleaning frequency are used, the dust thickness cannot reach the specified value and fall in layers, but it is easy to re-mix into the flue gas and cause secondary dust, thereby reducing the dust removal efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose an air hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system, which has a large space utilization rate and a good vibration cleaning effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes an air hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system, including an anode plate, a suspension beam and a clamping mechanism, the anode plate is suspended by the suspension beam in the electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row, the anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives the pneumatic vibration force from the pneumatic vibration device through the clamping mechanism, and the anode plate can produce lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam along the pneumatic vibration direction during the pneumatic vibration.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping mechanisms are arranged in 2 to 6 layers.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism located at the uppermost layer is spaced 500 to 2000 mm from the top end of the anode plate row, and the clamping mechanism located at the lowermost layer is directly arranged at the bottom end of the anode plate row.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping plate and a fastener, the clamping plate is located at the front and rear sides of the anode plate row, and the fastener has a fastening bolt that passes through the clamping plate and the anode plate along the through hole and the through groove respectively, and a fastening bolt that can cooperate with the fastening bolt to fix the clamping plate together.

[0010] Furthermore, the anode plate is provided with bending parts at the left and right ends and a concave-convex structure at the middle.

[0011] Preferably, the pneumatic rapping device comprises a rapping anvil, an air hammer rapper, a pipeline system and an air source, the air hammer rapper is connected to the air source through the pipeline system and indirectly applies pneumatic rapping force to the anode plate row through the rapping anvil at the left and right ends of the clamping mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the suspension beam includes a base, a sliding seat, a movable seat, an adjusting bolt and an elastic bolt. The base is slidably connected to the sliding seat. The movable seat is adjusted in distance from the base by an adjusting bolt threadedly connected to the base. The elastic bolt is located on the movable seat and can adjust the force of squeezing the sliding seat and indirectly pressing the base as the movable seat moves.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic plug includes a slider, a bead cover, a ball and a spring. The top of the slider is supported by the spring and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the ball through the bead cover after passing through the movable seat along the seat hole. The ball is tightly pressed against the slider, and the movable seat and the isolation cover are detachably connected together.

[0014] Furthermore, the base and the slide seat are provided with concave-convex matching strip guide structures at adjacent surfaces, and the slide seat is fixed together with the anode plate and has a groove for the ball to extend into.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable seat has a sliding rod extending downward and passing through the base along the rod hole. The regulating bolt is rotatably connected to the movable seat and the screw is screwed into a screw sleeve located on the base. The base is installed on the crossbeam located on the upper part of the shell.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1) By using a suspension beam to suspend the anode plate in the electric field and arrange it vertically to form an anode plate row, and the suspension beam and the anode plate are not fixed, so that when the pneumatic vibration device indirectly applies pneumatic vibration to the anode plate row using a clamping mechanism, the anode plate can be laterally displaced relative to the suspension beam along the pneumatic vibration direction, so that the vibration force can be effectively transmitted on the entire anode plate row, thereby avoiding the problem of the operating current and voltage of the electrostatic precipitator failing to reach the effective value due to dust accumulation, and at the same time avoiding component damage caused by increasing the vibration force. On the one hand, it can effectively utilize the length direction space of the electrostatic precipitator (compared with the conventional pure mechanical vibration arrangement which requires 1.5 to 2 meters of vibration space, this design generally only requires 0.5 to 1 meter of vibration space, which not only makes the space utilization rate of the electrostatic precipitator in the length direction higher, but also reduces the amount of steel used in the electrostatic precipitator). At the same time, it is very suitable for the transformation of old electrostatic precipitators (it can be used in conjunction with the mechanical vibration or electromagnetic vibration of the old electrostatic precipitator, or it can be set up with only air hammer vibration, which has good adaptability); 2) By arranging pneumatic vibration devices at the left and right ends of each layer of the clamping mechanism, the problem of reduced dust removal effect of the anode plate caused by the inability to transmit the pneumatic vibration force to the back of the anode plate can be further avoided, and the phenomenon of reduced accessory life caused by excessive pneumatic vibration force on one side can be avoided; 3) The suspension beam is composed of a base, a slide, a movable seat, an adjusting bolt and an elastic bolt. Before use, the adjusting bolt can be screwed in the required forward and reverse directions to allow the elastic bolt to adjust the force of squeezing the slide and indirectly pressing the base as the movable seat moves, thereby adjusting the tightness of the relative lateral movement between the anode plate and the suspension beam.

[0017] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 BB section view; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point C; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the suspension beam of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a front view of the elastic plug of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slide seat of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1-housing, 11-crossbeam, 2-anode system, 21-anode plate, 211-bending portion, 212-concave-convex structure, 22-suspension beam, 221-base, 2211-rod hole, 2212-screw sleeve, 2213-positioning hole, 222-sliding seat, 2221-groove, 223-movable seat, 224-regulating bolt, 225-elastic plug, 2251-sliding block, 2252-bead cover, 2253-ball, 2254-spring, 226-isolating cover, 23-clamping mechanism, 231-plywood, 232-fastener, 3-pneumatic rapping device, 31-rapping anvil, 32-air hammer rapping device, 33-pipeline system, 4-controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 7The pneumatic hammer all-round rapping type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention comprises an anode plate 21, a suspension beam 22 and a clamping mechanism 23. The anode plate 21 is suspended by the suspension beam 22 in the electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row. The anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms 23 arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives the pneumatic rapping force from the pneumatic rapping device 3 through the clamping mechanisms 23. The anode plate 21 can generate lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam 22 along the pneumatic rapping direction during the pneumatic rapping.

[0021] The clamping mechanisms 23 are arranged in 2 to 6 layers.

[0022] The clamping mechanism 23 located at the top layer is 500 to 2000 mm away from the top of the anode plate row, and the clamping mechanism 23 located at the bottom layer is directly arranged at the bottom of the anode plate row; wherein, the specific spacing needs to be adjusted according to parameters such as the height of the anode plate 21 and dust characteristics (if the height of the anode plate 21 is higher, the overall spacing is arranged smaller; if the dust is lighter, the upper spacing is arranged smaller).

[0023] The clamping mechanism 23 includes a clamping plate 231 and a fastener 232, wherein the clamping plate 231 is located at the front and rear sides of the anode plate row, and the fastener 232 has fastening bolts that penetrate the clamping plate 231 and the anode plate 21 along the through holes and the through grooves respectively, and fastening bolts that can cooperate with the fastening bolts to fix the clamping plate 231 together; in addition, a support rod or other structure can be used to connect the clamping plate 231 to the outer shell 1.

[0024] The anode plate 21 is provided with a bending portion 211 located at the left and right ends and a concave-convex structure 212 located in the middle; wherein, the bending portion 211 can enhance the structural strength (can enhance the rigidity of the anode plate 21, prevent the anode plate 21 from vibrating and deforming during operation, thereby ensuring stable operation of the equipment), prevent secondary dust flying (can block the collected dust from entering the airflow again, thereby reducing secondary flying and improving dust removal efficiency), improve the electric field distribution (helps to optimize the electric field distribution, make the electric field more uniform, and improve the dust removal effect) and reduce the edge effect (can weaken the electric field edge effect, avoid excessive local electric field, and reduce the risk of equipment failure). In addition to playing a similar role in enhancing structural strength, improving electric field distribution and reducing secondary dust flying, the concave-convex structure 212 can also increase the dust collection area (provide more dust collection areas, thereby improving dust capture efficiency) and promote the cleaning effect (can form a whole-piece dust layer in sections, further prompting the vibrated dust to fall off in blocks).

[0025] The pneumatic rapping device 3 includes a rapping anvil 31, an air hammer rapper 32, a pipeline system 33 and an air source, wherein the air hammer rapper 32 is connected to the air source through the pipeline system 33 and indirectly applies a pneumatic rapping force to the anode plate row through the rapping anvil 31 at the left and right ends of the clamping mechanism 23; wherein the air hammer rapper 32 can be provided with a pulse valve, so as to control the action of the air hammer rapper 32 according to the switch of the pulse valve on the one hand, and to control the amount and pressure of the pulse gas passing through according to the opening amount of the pulse valve on the other hand, and further control the rapping force of the air hammer rapper 32; in the actual working process, if the flue gas condition is light dust (such as burning The dust in the flue gas at the machine head is formed because a large amount of dust with strong adhesion will float on the upper side of the electrostatic precipitator, resulting in a large dust adhesion and a large amount of dust on the upper side of the anode plate 21. The controller 4 can be used to make the air hammer rapper 32 arranged on the upper side of the anode plate 21 output a corresponding rapping force, so as to achieve the best cleaning effect (because if the pneumatic rapping force is too large, the life of the equipment will be reduced, the dust layer will be broken and cause secondary dust; if the pneumatic rapping force is too small, the ash cannot be vibrated down); in addition, a rapping force measuring device can be installed between the clamping mechanism 23 and the pneumatic rapping device 3 to further avoid the pneumatic rapping force being too large or too small.

[0026] The suspension beam 22 includes a base 221, a slide 222, a movable seat 223, an adjusting bolt 224 and an elastic bolt 225. The base 221 is slidably connected to the slide 222. The movable seat 223 is spaced apart from the base 221 by an adjusting bolt 224 threadedly connected to the base 221. The elastic bolt 225 is located on the movable seat 223 and can adjust the force of squeezing the slide 222 and indirectly pressing the base 221 as the movable seat 223 moves.

[0027] The elastic plug 225 includes a slider 2251, a bead cover 2252, a ball 2253 and a spring 2254. The top of the slider 2251 is supported by the isolation cover 226 through the spring 2254, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the ball 2253 through the bead cover 2252 after passing through the movable seat 223 along the seat hole. The ball 2253 is tightly against the slider 222, and the movable seat 223 and the isolation cover 226 are detachably connected together.

[0028] The base 221 and the slide 222 are provided with concave-convex matching strip guide structures at adjacent surfaces. The slide 222 is fixed together with the anode plate 21 and has a groove 2221 for the ball 2253 to extend into.

[0029] The movable seat 223 has a sliding rod extending downward and passing through the base 221 along the rod hole 2211. The regulating bolt 224 is rotatably connected to the movable seat 223 and the screw is screwed into the screw sleeve 2212 located on the base 221. The base 221 is installed on the beam 11 located on the upper part of the outer shell 1; wherein, the base 221 and the beam 11 can be connected by respectively setting a positioning hole 2213 and a beam body screw hole on the base 221 and the beam 11, and the positioning bolt passing through the positioning hole 2213 and screwed into the beam body screw hole can be used.

[0030] In addition, the pneumatic rapping device 3 can also automatically adjust the pneumatic rapping mode according to the following control method: S1, start the process, obtain the equipment parameter information of the electrostatic precipitator (including the thickness of the anode plate 21, the height of the anode plate 21 and the number of anode plates 21 in each group of anode plate rows, etc.) to determine the basic cleaning performance of the electrostatic precipitator, and enter step S2; S2, judging whether the operating state of the electrostatic precipitator is abnormal (i.e., whether the operating information exceeds the preset normal parameter range) according to the operating information (such as the secondary current and the secondary voltage of the high-voltage power supply); if so, reporting the error information to the staff and ending the process; if not, entering step S3; S3, under different cleaning conditions (including dust type and air inlet speed, etc.), according to the basic cleaning performance of the electrostatic precipitator, the optimal emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the optimal outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator) is simulated and used as the preset emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the preset outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator), and then proceeding to step S4; S4, obtaining the current emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the current outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator), and determining whether the difference between the current emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator and the preset emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator does not exceed a preset threshold value; if so, the process is terminated; if not, a pneumatic rapping parameter adjustment instruction of the pneumatic rapping device 3 is generated according to the difference between the current emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator and the preset emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator, and the process proceeds to step S5; S5. Repeat step S4 after the pneumatic rapping device 3 executes the pneumatic rapping parameter adjustment instruction.

[0031] Under this pneumatic vibration adjustment mode, the electrostatic precipitator can realize online real-time intelligent adjustment of the cleaning vibration force and vibration distribution under different coal types and load conditions, thereby improving the vibration cleaning effect and keeping the dust falling in the best layer as much as possible (avoiding secondary dust and improving dust removal efficiency).

[0032] Working process of the present invention: For the electrostatic precipitator, when the high voltage power supply is powered on, the cathode system can discharge through each cathode wire and ionize the air. At the same time, an electric field will be formed between the cathode system (with negative high voltage) and the anode system 2 (grounded) (that is, the electric field force is provided by the high voltage potential difference, and Figure 1 From left to right, the first electric field, the second electric field, the third electric field and the fourth electric field are shown in sequence); when the flue gas flows through the housing 1 along the air inlet and the air outlet, most of the dust inside it can be adsorbed onto the anode plate 21 under the action of the electric field force after being loaded with negative charges, and the pneumatic vibration device 3 periodically performs pneumatic vibration dust removal on the anode plate 21 indirectly through the clamping mechanism 23 (the degree of pneumatic vibration can be adjusted by different jet frequencies and jet pressures according to the dust adhesion conditions of different parts); Figure 3 As shown, taking the pneumatic rapping device 3 on the left side applying pneumatic rapping force to the clamping mechanism 23 as an example, the anode plate 21 is not fixedly connected, and therefore can produce a lateral displacement to the right relative to the suspension beam 22, thereby enabling the rapping force to be effectively transmitted to the entire anode plate row.

[0033] Before use, the tightness of the relative displacement between the anode plate 21 and the suspension beam 22 can be adjusted as needed; specifically, the depth of the screw threaded into the threaded sleeve 2212 can be adjusted by turning the regulating bolt 224 forward and backward, so that the elastic plug 225 gradually approaches or moves away from the base 221 along with the movable seat 223; taking the elastic plug 225 gradually approaching the base 221 as an example, its spring 2254 will gradually shrink and apply elastic force to the slide seat 222 through the ball 2253, thereby increasing the friction between the slide seat 222 and the base 221 (it is relatively difficult to produce lateral displacement between the anode plate 21 and the suspension beam 22).

[0034] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The pneumatic hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system is characterized by: The invention comprises an anode plate (21), a suspension beam (22) and a clamping mechanism (23); the anode plate (21) is suspended by the suspension beam (22) in an electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row; the anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms (23) arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives a pneumatic vibration force from a pneumatic vibration device (3) through the clamping mechanisms (23); and the anode plate (21) can generate a lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam (22) along the pneumatic vibration direction during the pneumatic vibration.

2. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanisms (23) are arranged in 2 to 6 layers.

3. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (23) located at the top layer is spaced 500 to 2000 mm from the top of the anode plate row, and the clamping mechanism (23) located at the bottom layer is directly arranged at the bottom of the anode plate row.

4. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electric precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (23) comprises a clamping plate (231) and a fastener (232), wherein the clamping plate (231) is located at the front and rear sides of the anode plate row, and the fastener (232) comprises a fastening bolt that passes through the clamping plate (231) and the anode plate (21) along the through hole and the through slot, respectively, and a fastening bolt that can cooperate with the fastening bolt to fix the clamping plate (231) together.

5. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anode plate (21) is provided with bending portions (211) located at left and right ends and a concave-convex structure (212) located in the middle.

6. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electric precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic rapping device (3) comprises a rapping anvil (31), an air hammer rapper (32), a pipeline system (33) and an air source. The air hammer rapper (32) is connected to the air source via the pipeline system (33) and indirectly applies a pneumatic rapping force to the anode plate row via the rapping anvil (31) at the left and right ends of the clamping mechanism (23).

7. The air hammer omnidirectional rapping type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The suspension beam (22) comprises a base (221), a sliding seat (222), a movable seat (223), an adjusting bolt (224) and an elastic bolt (225); the base (221) is slidably connected to the sliding seat (222); the movable seat (223) is spaced apart from the base (221) by means of an adjusting bolt (224) threadedly connected to the base (221); the elastic bolt (225) is located on the movable seat (223) and can adjust the force of squeezing the sliding seat (222) and indirectly pressing the base (221) as the movable seat (223) moves.

8. The air hammer omnidirectional rapping type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic plug (225) comprises a slider (2251), a bead cover (2252), a ball (2253) and a spring (2254); the top end of the slider (2251) is supported by the isolation cover (226) through the spring (2254), and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the ball (2253) through the bead cover (2252) after passing through the movable seat (223) along the seat hole portion; the ball (2253) is tightly pressed against the slider (222); and the movable seat (223) and the isolation cover (226) are detachably connected together.

9. The air hammer omnidirectional rapping type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base (221) and the slide seat (222) are provided with concave-convex matching strip-shaped guide structures at adjacent surfaces; the slide seat (222) is fixed together with the anode plate (21) and has a groove (2221) into which the ball bearing (2253) can extend.

10. The air hammer omnidirectional rapping type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable seat (223) has a sliding rod extending downward and penetrating the base (221) along the rod hole (2211); the regulating bolt (224) is rotatably connected to the movable seat (223) and the screw is screwed into a screw sleeve (2212) located on the base (221); and the base (221) is installed on a crossbeam (11) located on the upper part of the housing (1).

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