Air hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system, comprising an anode plate, a suspension beam and a clamping mechanism. The anode plate is suspended by the suspension beam in an electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row. The anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives pneumatic vibration force from a pneumatic vibration device through the clamping mechanism. The anode plate can generate lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam along the pneumatic vibration direction during the pneumatic vibration, so the space utilization rate is large and the vibration cleaning effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic precipitators, in particular to the technical field of electrostatic precipitator anode systems. Background Art

[0002] An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is an environmentally friendly device that uses a high-voltage electrostatic field to remove particulate matter from industrial waste gas. It is widely used in coal-fired power plants, metallurgy, cement, chemical industry and other industries, and is one of the key equipment for controlling air pollution. The core structure of an ESP includes a discharge electrode (i.e., cathode, used to generate corona discharge), a dust collecting electrode (i.e., anode, used to absorb charged particles), a high-voltage power supply system (used to provide DC high voltage electricity and maintain the electric field strength), a vibration device (to prevent excessive dust accumulation on the electrode plates and maintain dust removal efficiency), and an ash hopper (to collect detached dust). During operation, high-voltage DC power (usually 40-100 kV) is applied to the cathode to generate a strong electric field and ionize the surrounding gas (forming a corona discharge and releasing a large number of free electrons). Dust particles in the waste gas collide with electrons or ions while passing through the electric field and absorb charges. Under the action of the electric field, the charged particles move toward the dust collecting electrode and are absorbed until they are vibrated and discharged into the ash hopper.

[0003] The existing vibration device mainly adopts mechanical vibration and electromagnetic vibration to realize the vibration cleaning function; among them, the electromagnetic vibration method usually requires the arrangement of an electromagnetic vibration device in the space of 2 to 3 meters at the top of the inner cavity of the electrostatic precipitator, such as a small-scale high-efficiency tubular electrostatic precipitator with the publication number CN108246505A and a top electromagnetic vibration integrated control device with the announcement number CN102553383B; this vibration method vibrates the anode plate from the top downward, so the anode plate is easy to be unable to be effectively cleaned due to the low vibration force on the bottom, and on the other hand, it is easy to be damaged due to the excessive vibration force on the top; at the same time, the vibration point of the electromagnetic vibration method is too low. The number is usually large, and there are easy problems of local corrosion and increased flue gas treatment due to air leakage; similarly, the mechanical vibration method usually arranges the mechanical vibrator on one side of the electric field, and there is a problem of uneven distribution of the vibration force, such as a side mechanical vibration electrostatic precipitator with announcement number CN211865458U and a side vibration electrostatic precipitator with a conductive filter plate with announcement number CN220143684U; in addition, the mechanical vibration method often has the problem that the vibration force cannot be adjusted and the length of the electrostatic precipitator is too long (that is, the electrostatic precipitator occupies too much space) due to the large invalid space in the length direction of the electric field.

[0004] Sludge is an organic solid waste generated during sewage treatment. It is primarily composed of microbial communities, organic particles, inorganic matter, and water. It is a form of biomass energy (classified as "wet biomass") and has the potential for resource utilization. Currently, electric fields often use the method of co-firing biomass (sludge) in coal-fired units to reduce CO2 emissions. However, this biomass co-firing method significantly increases the proportion of fine particles below PM1 in the flue gas entering the electrostatic precipitator (ESP), which further exacerbates dust accumulation and corrosion in the ESP. In addition, flue gases such as flue gas from high-moisture coal, sintering head flue gas, and papermaking alkali furnace flue gas are more prone to dust adhesion to the anode plates and resistance to vibration cleaning due to the strong adhesion, large repose angle, and light dust. In such cases, simply using standard cleaning enhancement measures such as increasing the vibration force and frequency will result in the dust not reaching the specified thickness and falling in layers. Instead, it is easily re-introduced into the flue gas, causing secondary dust emission, thereby reducing dust removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose an air hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system, which has a large space utilization rate and a good vibration cleaning effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention proposes an air hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system, comprising an anode plate, a suspension beam and a clamping mechanism, wherein the anode plate is suspended by the suspension beam in the electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row, and the anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives the pneumatic vibration force from the pneumatic vibration device through the clamping mechanism, and the anode plate can generate lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam along the pneumatic vibration direction during the pneumatic vibration.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping mechanisms are arranged in 2 to 6 layers.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism located at the uppermost layer is spaced 500 to 2000 mm from the top end of the anode plate row, and the clamping mechanism located at the lowermost layer is directly arranged at the bottom end of the anode plate row.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping plate and a fastener, the clamping plate is located on the front and rear sides of the anode plate row, and the fastener has a fastening bolt that passes through the clamping plate and the anode plate along the through hole and the through groove respectively, and a fastening bolt that can cooperate with the fastening bolt to fix the clamping plate together.

[0010] Furthermore, the anode plate is provided with bending portions at the left and right ends and a concave-convex structure at the middle.

[0011] Preferably, the pneumatic rapping device includes a rapping anvil, an air hammer rapper, a pipeline system and an air source. The air hammer rapper is connected to the air source through the pipeline system and indirectly applies pneumatic rapping force to the anode plate row through the rapping anvils at the left and right ends of the clamping mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the suspension beam includes a base, a sliding seat, a movable seat, an adjusting bolt and an elastic bolt. The base is slidably connected to the sliding seat. The movable seat is adjusted to have a distance from the base by an adjusting bolt threadedly connected to the base. The elastic bolt is located on the movable seat and can adjust the force of squeezing the sliding seat and indirectly pressing the base as the movable seat moves.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic plug includes a slider, a bead cover, a ball and a spring. The top of the slider is supported by the isolation cover through the spring, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the ball through the bead cover after passing through the movable seat along the seat hole. The ball is tightly pressed against the slider, and the movable seat and the isolation cover are detachably connected together.

[0014] Furthermore, the base and the slide are provided with concave-convex matching strip guide structures at adjacent surfaces, and the slide is fixed to the anode plate and has a groove for the ball to extend into.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable seat has a sliding rod extending downward and passing through the base along the rod hole. The regulating bolt is rotatably connected to the movable seat and the screw is screwed into the screw sleeve located on the base. The base is installed on the beam located on the upper part of the shell.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1) By using a suspension beam to suspend the anode plates in the electric field and arrange them vertically to form an anode plate row, and making the suspension beam and the anode plates not fixed, the anode plates can be displaced laterally relative to the suspension beam along the pneumatic vibration direction during the period when the pneumatic vibration device indirectly applies pneumatic vibration to the anode plate row using a clamping mechanism, so that the vibration force can be effectively transmitted over the entire anode plate row, thereby avoiding the problem of the electrostatic precipitator operating current and voltage failing to reach the effective value due to dust accumulation, and at the same time avoiding component damage caused by increasing the vibration force. On the other hand, it can also effectively utilize the longitudinal space of the electrostatic precipitator (compared to the conventional purely mechanical vibration arrangement which requires 1.5 to 2 meters of vibration space, this design generally only requires 0.5 to 1 meter of vibration space, which not only makes the space utilization rate of the electrostatic precipitator in the longitudinal direction higher, but also reduces the amount of steel used in the electrostatic precipitator). It is also very suitable for the transformation of old electrostatic precipitators (it can be used in conjunction with mechanical vibration or electromagnetic vibration of old electrostatic precipitators, or it can be set up with air hammer vibration alone, which has good adaptability);

[0018] 2) By arranging pneumatic vibration devices at the left and right ends of each layer of the clamping mechanism, the problem of reduced dust removal effect of the anode plate caused by the inability of the pneumatic vibration force to be transmitted to the back of the anode plate is further avoided, and the phenomenon of reduced accessory life caused by excessive pneumatic vibration force on one side is also avoided;

[0019] 3) The suspension beam is composed of a base, a slide, a movable seat, an adjusting bolt and an elastic bolt. Before use, the adjusting bolt can be screwed in the required forward and reverse directions to allow the elastic bolt to adjust the force of squeezing the slide and indirectly pressing the base as the movable seat moves, thereby adjusting the tightness of the relative lateral movement between the anode plate and the suspension beam.

[0020] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point C;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the suspension beam of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a front view of the elastic plug of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slide seat of the pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-housing, 11-crossbeam, 2-anode system, 21-anode plate, 211-bending portion, 212-concave-convex structure, 22-suspension beam, 221-base, 2211-rod hole, 2212-screw sleeve, 2213-positioning hole, 222-sliding seat, 2221-groove, 223-movable seat, 224-regulating bolt, 225-elastic plug, 2251-slider, 2252-bead cover, 2253-ball, 2254-spring, 226-isolating cover, 23-clamping mechanism, 231-splint, 232-fastener, 3-pneumatic rapping device, 31-rapping anvil, 32-hammer rapper, 33-pipeline system, 4-controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] See Figures 1 to 7 The pneumatic hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system of the present invention includes an anode plate 21, a suspension beam 22 and a clamping mechanism 23. The anode plate 21 is suspended by the suspension beam 22 in the electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row. The anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms 23 arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives the pneumatic vibration force from the pneumatic vibration device 3 through the clamping mechanism 23. The anode plate 21 can generate lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam 22 along the pneumatic vibration direction during the pneumatic vibration.

[0030] The clamping mechanisms 23 are arranged in 2 to 6 layers.

[0031] The clamping mechanism 23 located at the top layer is spaced 500 to 2000 mm away from the top of the anode plate row, and the clamping mechanism 23 located at the bottom layer is directly arranged at the bottom of the anode plate row; wherein, the specific spacing needs to be adjusted according to parameters such as the height of the anode plate 21 and the dust characteristics (if the height of the anode plate 21 is higher, the overall spacing is arranged smaller; if the dust is lighter, the upper spacing is arranged smaller).

[0032] The clamping mechanism 23 includes a clamping plate 231 and a fastener 232. The clamping plate 231 is located on the front and rear sides of the anode plate row. The fastener 232 has fastening bolts that pass through the clamping plate 231 and the anode plate 21 along the through holes and through grooves respectively, and fastening bolts that can cooperate with the fastening bolts to jointly fix the clamping plate 231; in addition, a support rod or other structure can be used to connect the clamping plate 231 to the outer shell 1.

[0033] The anode plate 21 is provided with a bent portion 211 at the left and right ends and a concave-convex structure 212 at the middle; wherein the bent portion 211 can enhance the structural strength (can improve the rigidity of the anode plate 21, prevent the anode plate 21 from vibrating and deforming during operation, thereby ensuring stable operation of the equipment), prevent secondary dust flying (can block the collected dust from re-entering the airflow, thereby reducing secondary flying and improving dust removal efficiency), improve the electric field distribution (helps to optimize the electric field distribution, make the electric field more uniform, and improve the dust removal effect) and reduce the edge effect (can weaken the electric field edge effect, avoid excessive local electric field, and reduce the risk of equipment failure). In addition to playing a similar role in enhancing structural strength, improving electric field distribution and reducing secondary dust flying, the concave-convex structure 212 can also increase the dust collection area (provide more dust collection areas, thereby improving dust capture efficiency) and promote the cleaning effect (can form a whole-piece dust layer in segments, further promoting the vibration-down dust to fall off in blocks).

[0034] The pneumatic rapping device 3 includes a rapping anvil 31, an air hammer rapper 32, a piping system 33 and an air source, wherein the air hammer rapper 32 is connected to the air source through the piping system 33 and indirectly applies a pneumatic rapping force to the anode plate row through the rapping anvil 31 at the left and right ends of the clamping mechanism 23; wherein the air hammer rapper 32 can be provided with a pulse valve, so as to control the action of the air hammer rapper 32 according to the switch of the pulse valve on the one hand, and to control the flow rate and pressure of the pulse gas according to the opening amount of the pulse valve on the other hand, and further control the magnitude of the rapping force of the air hammer rapper 32; in the actual working process, if the flue gas working condition is light dust (such as burning The dust in the flue gas at the machine head is formed), since a large amount of dust with strong adhesion will float on the upper side of the electrostatic precipitator, resulting in a large amount of dust on the upper side of the anode plate 21. The controller 4 can be used to make the air hammer rapper 32 arranged on the upper side of the anode plate 21 output a corresponding rapping force, so as to achieve the best cleaning effect (because if the pneumatic rapping force is too large, the equipment life will be reduced, the dust layer will be broken and secondary dust will be caused; if the pneumatic rapping force is too small, the ash cannot be vibrated down); in addition, a rapping force measuring device can be installed between the clamping mechanism 23 and the pneumatic rapping device 3 to further avoid the pneumatic rapping force being too large or too small.

[0035] The suspension beam 22 includes a base 221, a slide 222, a movable seat 223, an adjusting bolt 224 and an elastic bolt 225. The base 221 is slidably connected to the slide 222. The movable seat 223 is adjusted to have a distance from the base 221 by means of an adjusting bolt 224 threadedly connected to the base 221. The elastic bolt 225 is located on the movable seat 223 and can adjust the force of squeezing the slide 222 and indirectly pressing the base 221 as the movable seat 223 moves.

[0036] The elastic plug 225 includes a slider 2251, a bead cover 2252, a ball 2253 and a spring 2254. The top of the slider 2251 is supported by the isolation cover 226 through the spring 2254, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the ball 2253 through the bead cover 2252 after passing through the movable seat 223 along the seat hole. The ball 2253 is tightly against the slider 222, and the movable seat 223 and the isolation cover 226 are detachably connected together.

[0037] The base 221 and the slide 222 are provided with a strip-shaped guide structure with matching concave and convex portions at adjacent surfaces. The slide 222 is fixed to the anode plate 21 and has a groove 2221 for the ball bearing 2253 to extend into.

[0038] The movable seat 223 has a sliding rod extending downward and passing through the base 221 along the rod hole 2211. The regulating bolt 224 is rotatably connected to the movable seat 223 and the screw is screwed into the screw sleeve 2212 located on the base 221. The base 221 is installed on the beam 11 located on the upper part of the shell 1; wherein, the positioning hole 2213 and the beam body screw hole can be respectively provided on the base 221 and the beam 11, and the connection between the base 221 and the beam 11 can be achieved by using a positioning bolt passing through the positioning hole 2213 and screwed into the beam body screw hole.

[0039] In addition, the pneumatic rapping device 3 can also automatically adjust the pneumatic rapping mode according to the following control method:

[0040] S1. Start the process, obtain the equipment parameter information of the electrostatic precipitator (including the thickness of the anode plate 21, the height of the anode plate 21, and the number of anode plates 21 in each anode plate row, etc.) to determine the basic cleaning performance of the electrostatic precipitator, and proceed to step S2;

[0041] S2. Determine whether the operating status of the electrostatic precipitator is abnormal (i.e., whether the operating information exceeds the preset normal parameter range) based on the operating information (such as the secondary current and secondary voltage of the high-voltage power supply). If so, report the error information to the staff and end the process. If not, proceed to step S3.

[0042] S3. Under different cleaning conditions (including dust type and air inlet velocity, etc.), the optimal emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the optimal outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator) is simulated based on the basic cleaning performance of the electrostatic precipitator, and the optimal emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the preset outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator) is used as the preset emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the preset outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator), and the process proceeds to step S4.

[0043] S4, obtaining the current emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator (i.e., the current outlet dust concentration of the electrostatic precipitator), and determining whether the difference between the current emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator and the preset emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator does not exceed a preset threshold value; if so, ending the process; if not, generating a pneumatic rapping parameter adjustment instruction for the pneumatic rapping device 3 according to the difference between the current emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator and the preset emission condition of the electrostatic precipitator and entering step S5;

[0044] S5. Repeat step S4 after the pneumatic rapping device 3 executes the pneumatic rapping parameter adjustment instruction.

[0045] Under this pneumatic vibration adjustment mode, the electrostatic precipitator can realize online real-time intelligent adjustment of the cleaning vibration force and vibration distribution under different coal types and load conditions, thereby improving the vibration cleaning effect and keeping the dust falling in the best layer as much as possible (avoiding secondary dust and improving dust removal efficiency).

[0046] Working process of the present invention:

[0047] For the electrostatic precipitator, when the high voltage power supply is energized, the cathode system can discharge and ionize the air through each cathode wire. At the same time, an electric field will be formed between the cathode system (with negative high voltage) and the anode system 2 (grounded) (that is, the electric field force is provided by the high voltage potential difference, and Figure 1 From left to right, the first electric field, the second electric field, the third electric field, and the fourth electric field are shown in sequence); when the flue gas flows through the housing 1 along the air inlet and the air outlet, most of the dust therein can be adsorbed onto the anode plate 21 under the action of the electric field force after being loaded with negative charges, and the pneumatic rapping device 3 periodically performs pneumatic rapping and dust removal on the anode plate 21 indirectly through the clamping mechanism 23 (the degree of pneumatic rapping can be adjusted by different jet frequencies and jet pressures according to the dust adhesion conditions of different parts); as shown Figure 3 As shown, taking the pneumatic rapping device 3 on the left side applying pneumatic rapping force to the clamping mechanism 23 as an example, the anode plate 21 is not fixedly connected, so it can produce a lateral displacement to the right relative to the suspension beam 22, thereby allowing the rapping force to be effectively transmitted to the entire anode plate row.

[0048] Before use, the tightness of the relative displacement between the anode plate 21 and the suspension beam 22 can be adjusted as needed; specifically, the depth of the screw thread 2212 can be adjusted by turning the regulating bolt 224 forward and backward, so that the elastic plug 225 gradually approaches or moves away from the base 221 along with the movable seat 223; taking the elastic plug 225 gradually approaching the base 221 as an example, its spring 2254 will gradually shrink and apply elastic force to the slide 222 through the ball 2253, thereby increasing the friction between the slide 222 and the base 221 (it is relatively difficult to produce lateral displacement between the anode plate 21 and the suspension beam 22).

[0049] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The pneumatic hammer all-round vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system is characterized by: The invention comprises an anode plate (21), a suspension beam (22) and a clamping mechanism (23), wherein the anode plate (21) is suspended by the suspension beam (22) in an electric field and arranged vertically to form an anode plate row, wherein the anode plate row is clamped by the clamping mechanisms (23) arranged horizontally from top to bottom and indirectly receives a pneumatic vibration force from a pneumatic vibration device (3) through the clamping mechanisms (23), wherein the anode plate (21) can generate a lateral displacement relative to the suspension beam (22) along the pneumatic vibration direction during the pneumatic vibration, and the suspension beam (22) comprises a base. (221), a slide (222), a movable seat (223), an adjusting bolt (224) and an elastic bolt (225), the base (221) is slidably connected to the slide (222), the movable seat (223) is adjusted to have a distance from the base (221) by means of an adjusting bolt (224) threadedly connected to the base (221), and the elastic bolt (225) is located on the movable seat (223) and can adjust the force of squeezing the slide (222) and indirectly pressing the base (221) as the movable seat (223) moves.

2. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanisms (23) are arranged in 2 to 6 layers.

3. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (23) located at the top layer is spaced 500 to 2000 mm from the top end of the anode plate row, and the clamping mechanism (23) located at the bottom layer is directly arranged at the bottom end of the anode plate row.

4. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (23) comprises a clamping plate (231) and a fastener (232), wherein the clamping plate (231) is located at the front and rear sides of the anode plate row, and the fastener (232) comprises a fastening bolt that passes through the clamping plate (231) and the anode plate (21) along the through hole and the through slot, respectively, and a fastening bolt that can cooperate with the fastening bolt to fix the clamping plate (231).

5. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anode plate (21) is provided with bending portions (211) located at the left and right ends and a concave-convex structure (212) located in the middle.

6. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic rapping device (3) comprises a rapping anvil (31), an air hammer rapper (32), a pipeline system (33) and an air source. The air hammer rapper (32) is connected to the air source via the pipeline system (33) and indirectly applies a pneumatic rapping force to the anode plate row via the rapping anvil (31) at the left and right ends of the clamping mechanism (23).

7. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic plug (225) includes a slider (2251), a bead cover (2252), a ball (2253) and a spring (2254). The top end of the slider (2251) is supported by the isolation cover (226) through the spring (2254), and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the ball (2253) through the bead cover (2252) after passing through the movable seat (223) along the seat hole. The ball (2253) is tightly pressed against the slider (222), and the movable seat (223) and the isolation cover (226) are detachably connected together.

8. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (221) and the slide (222) are provided with concave-convex matching strip guide structures at adjacent surfaces. The slide (222) is fixed together with the anode plate (21) and has a groove (2221) for the ball bearing (2253) to extend into.

9. The air hammer omnidirectional vibration type electrostatic precipitator anode system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable seat (223) has a sliding rod extending downward and passing through the base (221) along the rod hole (2211). The regulating bolt (224) is rotatably connected to the movable seat (223) and the screw is screwed into a screw sleeve (2212) located on the base (221). The base (221) is installed at the crossbeam (11) located at the upper part of the housing (1).

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