Light fire-fighting fireproof shield and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, and discloses a light fire-fighting fireproof shield and a preparation method thereof.The shield comprises a shield body, and the shield body comprises a bottom layer, a temperature control assembly arranged on the bottom layer and a high-infrared-emissivity layer arranged on the temperature control assembly; the temperature control assembly comprises a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel heat insulation layer, a high-submergence-water gel heat absorption layer and a metal layer clamped between the rigid heat insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel heat insulation layer and the high-submergence-water gel heat absorption layer, the high-infrared-emissivity layer is connected with the rigid heat insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel heat insulation layer, the bottom layer is connected with the high-submergence-water gel heat absorption layer, and the high-infrared-emissivity layer is connected with the high-submergence-water gel heat absorption layer. The fireproof shield is light in weight and high in strength, can reflect a heat radiation source, can remarkably reduce the influence of the heat radiation source on the metal layer, can continuously absorb heat and cool hot air on the inner side of the shield, and improves the use comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a lightweight fireproof shield and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A fire shield is a fire protection device that can block fire radiation and flame contact. The fire shield in the prior art is mainly made of high-impact metal plates, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene laminates and PC plates. However, metal plates have high thermal conductivity and are prone to burns after long-term use. The high-temperature resistance of polymer materials and PC plates is poor, which limits the fire protection performance of the fire shield. In addition, the fire shield in the prior art also has the problems of heavy weight and poor ease of use.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of poor fireproof performance and heavy weight of fire shields, the prior art CN202120869417 discloses a lightweight fire shield with an aluminum honeycomb structure. The technical solution uses honeycomb lightweight aluminum to significantly reduce the weight of the fire shield, but the thermal conductivity of aluminum is high, and it is easy to form high temperature after long-term use. In addition, the prior art CN117986802A also discloses a phenolic resin, a fire shield and a preparation method. The technical solution uses carbon fiber, phenolic resin and a foaming agent to make a fire shield with a density of 0.2 to 0.9 g / cm 3 , fireproof materials with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.05W / mK. The fireproof shield made of them has both low mass and low thermal conductivity.

[0004] The fire shields in the current prior art mainly provide the functions of blocking fire radiation, avoiding direct contact with flames and preventing impact. However, the applicant has found that the hot air in the fire will continue to contact personnel from positions that the shield cannot protect. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a fire shield that can cool the air around the fire shield. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem in the prior art that hot air in a fire scene will continue to contact personnel from a position that the shield cannot protect, the present invention provides a lightweight fire protection shield and a preparation method thereof. The shield is composed of a bottom layer, a temperature control component and a high infrared emissivity layer. The temperature control component is composed of a rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The fireproof shield is composed of an aerogel insulation layer, a metal layer and a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer. It is light in weight and high in strength. It can reflect heat radiation sources and significantly reduce the impact of heat radiation sources on the metal layer. It can also continuously absorb heat and cool the hot air in the inner space of the shield, thereby improving the comfort of use.

[0006] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is: A lightweight fire protection shield comprises a shield body, wherein the shield body comprises a bottom layer, a temperature control component arranged on the bottom layer, and a high infrared emissivity layer arranged on the temperature control component, wherein the temperature control component comprises a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer and sandwiched between rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The metal layer between the aerogel insulation layer and the high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer, the high infrared emissivity layer and the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The bottom layer is connected to the aerogel insulation layer, and the bottom layer is connected to the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer.

[0007] The present invention provides a lightweight fire-fighting fireproof shield, which consists of a bottom layer, a temperature control component and a high infrared emissivity layer. The fireproof shield is light in weight and high in strength, can reflect heat radiation sources, can significantly reduce the impact of heat radiation sources on the metal layer, and can continuously absorb heat and cool the hot air inside the shield, thereby improving the comfort of use.

[0008] The temperature control component of the present invention is composed of rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer, metal layer and high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer, among which rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer has extremely low thermal conductivity, high temperature shape stability and thermal shock resistance in the temperature range from room temperature to 1200°C, which can further block the thermal radiation flow penetrating the high infrared emissivity layer and further reduce the impact of the radiation heat flow on the metal layer. In addition, the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer is light in weight, high in strength, and has high impact resistance. It can reduce the weight of the shield while increasing its strength.

[0009] In addition, the high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer has an equivalent latent heat of evaporation of ≥1400kJ / kg. Its latent heat can continuously absorb heat from its surroundings, which can reduce the temperature of the metal layer connected to it. It can also continuously absorb heat from the hot air in the inner space of the shield, reducing the impact of the hot air on the inside of the shield and improving the comfort of using the shield.

[0010] Preferably, the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer comprises a phase change temperature control material core and a packaging film arranged on the surface of the high latent thermal water gel phase change temperature control material core.

[0011] Preferably, the packaging film is an aluminum-plastic film or a PET film.

[0012] Preferably, the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer is connected to a safety valve.

[0013] The high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer of the present invention is also connected to a safety valve. When the water vapor pressure of the high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer reaches 10kPa, the safety valve will detonate and discharge water vapor. At this time, it can remind the operator that the temperature inside the shield will reach the human body limit within 5 minutes, and remind the operator to evacuate as soon as possible.

[0014] Preferably, the safety valve is a high temperature resistant ceramic safety valve.

[0015] Preferably, the material of the bottom layer is an aramid / epoxy resin composite material.

[0016] The bottom layer of the invention is made of aramid / epoxy resin composite material and has the characteristic of high strength.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the high infrared emissivity layer is C f / C composites and silicon carbide.

[0018] The high infrared emissivity layer of the present invention adopts C f / C composite material and silicon carbide. The infrared thermal radiation emissivity of the high infrared emissivity layer is ≥0.9, which can re-emit most of the infrared thermal radiation in the flame back to the background space, and can significantly reduce the impact of infrared thermal radiation on the metal layer and reduce the heating rate of the metal layer. In addition, the high infrared reflectivity layer itself has extremely high impact strength, and as the outermost layer of the fire shield, it can also provide higher impact strength.

[0019] Preferably, the material of the metal layer is infrared emitting metal.

[0020] The metal layer of the present invention is made of infrared reflective metal, the metal layer has low infrared radiation absorption rate and low heating rate, and the metal layer can further enhance the strength of the shield.

[0021] Preferably, a handle is also provided on the bottom layer.

[0022] A method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight fire protection shield comprises the following steps: using carbon fiber fabric and phenolic resin to crack to prepare C f / C composite material substrate, and then depositing silicon carbide on the C f / C composite material substrate to form a high infrared emissivity layer; an aramid / epoxy resin composite material is used to form the bottom layer; a rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer, metal layer and high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer are assembled into a temperature control component; then the high infrared emissivity layer is assembled to the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer is assembled on the bottom layer, and finally the bottom layer is assembled on the high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer to form a lightweight fire protection shield.

[0023] The rigid thermal insulation tile / SiO2 The aerogel composite material insulation layer is made according to the method disclosed in Chinese invention patent publication number CN11885178A; The high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer is made according to the method disclosed in Chinese invention patent publication number CN117165268A; Preferably, the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the phenolic resin is 1:3-7; Preferably, the thickness of the high infrared emissivity layer is 2 to 5 mm; Preferably, the silicon carbide deposition thickness is 3 to 5 nm; Compared with the prior art, this application has the following technical effects: The present invention provides a lightweight fire protection shield and a preparation method thereof. The shield is composed of a bottom layer, a temperature control component and a high infrared emissivity layer. The temperature control component is composed of a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO 2 The fireproof shield is composed of an aerogel insulation layer, a metal layer and a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer. It is light in weight and high in strength. It can reflect heat radiation sources and significantly reduce the impact of heat radiation sources on the metal layer. It can also continuously absorb heat and cool the hot air in the inner space of the shield, thereby improving the comfort of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lightweight fire protection shield of embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure, the shield body 1, the bottom layer 101, the temperature control component 102, the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer 121, high latent thermal water gel absorption layer 122, phase change temperature control material core 1221, packaging film 1222, safety valve 1223, metal layer 123, high infrared emissivity layer 103 and handle 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 As shown, a lightweight fire protection shield comprises a shield body 1 and a handle 2. The shield body comprises a bottom layer 101, a temperature control component 102 arranged on the bottom layer, and a high infrared emissivity layer 103 arranged on the temperature control component. The temperature control component is a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO 2Aerogel insulation layer 121, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer 122 and sandwiched between rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The metal layer between the aerogel insulation layer and the high latent thermal gel heat absorption layer is 123, SiO 2f / SiO 2 Screws and nuts made of ceramic matrix composites connect the high infrared emissivity layer and the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer, metal material screws and nuts are connected in sequence to rigid insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel heat insulation layer, metal layer, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer and bottom layer, the metal layer is a metal sheet infrared reflection screen.

[0030] The thickness of the high infrared emissivity layer is 2 mm, and the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The thickness of the aerogel insulation layer is 10 mm, the thickness of the metal layer is 2 mm, the thickness of the high latent thermal gel heat absorption layer is 10 mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2 mm. Figure 2 As shown, the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer includes a phase change temperature control material core 1221 and a packaging film 1222 arranged on both sides of the phase change temperature control material core, and the packaging film is an aluminum-plastic film.

[0031] A method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight fire protection shield comprises the following steps: Preparation of high infrared emissivity layer: soaking the carbon fiber cloth stitched braid in acetone, then drying it in the sun for 2 hours, and drying it at 120°C for 5 hours to prepare a pretreated carbon fiber fabric body; adding boron phenolic resin to ethanol and stirring and mixing to prepare a phenolic resin solution (phenolic resin content is 12%), placing the pretreated carbon fiber fabric body in the phenolic resin solution for impregnation and compounding for 1 hour, evacuating to -0.09MPa, auxiliary vibration, the vibration frequency is 4000rad / min to prepare an impregnated composite body, placing the impregnated composite body in a curing furnace at 250°C for curing for 5 hours, and then placing the cured composite body in a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace at 1400°C for high-temperature pyrolysis for 3 hours to prepare a preform, and the preform is made into a C according to a desired shape. f / C composite material substrate; using vapor deposition method on C f Silicon carbide is deposited on the surface of the / C composite material substrate to form a high infrared emissivity layer, and the silicon carbide deposition thickness is 3nm.

[0032] Preparing the bottom layer: using an aramid fiber / epoxy resin composite material to prepare a bottom layer substrate, and processing the bottom layer substrate into a desired shape and size to prepare the bottom layer.

[0033] Preparation of ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile: fused quartz glass fiber, alumina fiber, yttria-stabilized zirconia fiber, water and suspension are mixed, and the fibers are evenly dispersed in deionized water using a high-speed shear mixer to obtain ceramic fiber slurry; the ceramic fiber slurry is injected into a mold to remove water, pressurized to form a wet blank, the wet blank is placed in a drying oven to dry to form a dry blank, and the dry blank is placed in a muffle furnace and pressurized to sinter to form ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile.

[0034] Preparation of rigid thermal insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer: orthosilicic acid water and anhydrous ethanol are mixed to form a mixed solution, hydrochloric acid is used to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 2 to 3, and stirred at room temperature, and then ammonia water is slowly added to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to neutral, and stirring is continued, and then an ammonium fluoride aqueous solution is added to form a silica sol; that is, the ceramic fiber rigid insulation tile is placed in a vacuum impregnation tank, and the silica sol is injected after vacuuming, and then pressurized to make the silica sol automatically gel. After the gel is aged for 24 hours, anhydrous ethanol is used to perform solvent replacement to remove water in the aerogel. After the solvent replacement is completed, the aerogel is placed in a carbon dioxide supercritical reactor and liquid carbon dioxide is added for supercritical drying to form a rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composite materials, rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 The aerogel composite material was placed in a vacuum tank to reduce the pressure, and methyltrimethoxysilane and glacial acetic acid were added and heated for gas phase hydrophobic treatment to obtain hydrophobic rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composite material, then hydrophobic rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composites are processed into the required shape and size to make rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation.

[0035] Preparation of SiO 2 Hydrogel: Sodium silicate aqueous solution is mixed with hydrochloric acid to make SiO 2 Hydrogel.

[0036] Preparation of phase change temperature control material core material: ceramic fiber rigid insulation tile is placed in a vacuum impregnation tank and injected with SiO 2 After the hydrogel is injected, it is left to stand to form the core material of the phase change temperature control material.

[0037] Preparation of a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer: The packaging film is encapsulated on the three sides of the phase change temperature control material core material for hot pressing packaging, and then the side of the phase change temperature control core material that has not been hot pressed is encapsulated using a double-sided tape with a thermal failure temperature of 105°C, so that the packaging film seals the phase change temperature control material core material to form a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer.

[0038] Preparation of metal layer: The metal thin plate infrared reflective screen is processed into a desired shape and size to form a metal layer.

[0039] The bottom aramid / epoxy resin is prepared by hot pressing aramid / epoxy resin prepreg after lamination.

[0040] Lightweight fire protection shield assembly: using SiO 2f / SiO 2 Screws and nuts made of ceramic matrix composites connect high infrared emissivity layers to rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer is assembled, and then rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer, the metal layer, the high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer and the bottom layer are assembled to form a lightweight fire protection shield.

[0041] Embodiment 2: like Figure 1 As shown, a lightweight fire protection shield comprises a shield body 1 and a handle 2. The shield body comprises a bottom layer 101, a temperature control component 102 arranged on the bottom layer, and a high infrared emissivity layer 103 arranged on the temperature control component. The temperature control component comprises a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer 121, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer 122 and sandwiched between rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The metal layer between the aerogel insulation layer and the high latent thermal gel heat absorption layer is 123, SiO 2f / SiO 2 Screws and nuts made of ceramic matrix composites connect the high infrared emissivity layer and the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer, metal material screws and nuts are connected in sequence to rigid insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel heat insulation layer, metal layer, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer and bottom layer, the metal layer is a metal sheet infrared reflection screen.

[0042] The thickness of the high infrared emissivity layer is 5 mm, and the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The thickness of the aerogel insulation layer is 10 mm, the thickness of the metal layer is 2 mm, the thickness of the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer is 5 mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2 mm.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer includes a phase change temperature control material core 1221 and a packaging film 1222 arranged on both sides of the phase change temperature control material core. The phase change temperature control core is connected to a safety valve 1223, which is a high temperature resistant ceramic safety valve, and the packaging film is an aluminum-plastic film.

[0044] A method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight fire protection shield comprises the following steps: Preparation of high infrared emissivity layer: soaking the carbon fiber cloth stitched braid in acetone, then drying it in the sun for 2 hours, and drying it at 120°C for 5 hours to prepare a pretreated carbon fiber fabric body; adding boron phenolic resin to ethanol and stirring and mixing to prepare a phenolic resin solution (phenolic resin content is 13%), placing the pretreated carbon fiber fabric body in the phenolic resin solution for impregnation and compounding for 1 hour, evacuating to -0.09MPa, auxiliary vibration, and the vibration frequency is 4000rad / min to prepare an impregnated composite body, placing the impregnated composite body in a curing furnace at 250°C for curing for 5 hours, and then placing the cured composite body in a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace at 800°C for high-temperature pyrolysis for 3 hours to prepare a preform, and the preform is made into a C according to a desired shape. f / C composite material substrate; using vapor deposition method on C f Silicon carbide is deposited on the surface of the / C composite material substrate to form a high infrared emissivity layer, and the silicon carbide deposition thickness is 5nm.

[0045] Preparing the bottom layer: using an aramid fiber / epoxy resin composite material to prepare a bottom layer substrate, and processing the bottom layer substrate into a desired shape and size to prepare the bottom layer.

[0046] Preparation of ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile: fused quartz glass fiber, alumina fiber, yttria-stabilized zirconia fiber, water and suspension are mixed, and the fibers are evenly dispersed in deionized water using a high-speed shear mixer to obtain ceramic fiber slurry; the ceramic fiber slurry is injected into a mold to remove water, pressurized to form a wet blank, the wet blank is placed in a drying oven to dry to form a dry blank, and the dry blank is placed in a muffle furnace and pressurized to sinter to form ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile.

[0047] Preparation of rigid thermal insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer: orthosilicic acid water and anhydrous ethanol are mixed to form a mixed solution, hydrochloric acid is used to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 2 to 3, and stirred at room temperature, and then ammonia water is slowly added to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to neutral, and stirring is continued, and then an ammonium fluoride aqueous solution is added to form a silica sol; that is, the ceramic fiber rigid insulation tile is placed in a vacuum impregnation tank, and the silica sol is injected after vacuuming, and then pressurized to make the silica sol automatically gel. After the gel is aged for 24 hours, anhydrous ethanol is used to perform solvent replacement to remove water in the aerogel. After the solvent replacement is completed, the aerogel is placed in a carbon dioxide supercritical reactor and liquid carbon dioxide is added for supercritical drying to form a rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composite materials, rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 The aerogel composite material was placed in a vacuum tank to reduce the pressure, and methyltrimethoxysilane and glacial acetic acid were added and heated for gas phase hydrophobic treatment to obtain hydrophobic rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composite material, then hydrophobic rigid insulation tile / SiO 2Aerogel composites are processed into the required shape and size to make rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation.

[0048] Preparation of SiO 2 Hydrogel: Sodium silicate aqueous solution is mixed with hydrochloric acid to make SiO 2 Hydrogel.

[0049] Preparation of phase change temperature control material core material: ceramic fiber rigid insulation tile is placed in a vacuum impregnation tank and injected with SiO 2 After the hydrogel is injected, it is left to stand to form the core material of the phase change temperature control material.

[0050] Preparation of a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer: The packaging film is encapsulated on the three sides of the phase change temperature control material core material for hot pressing packaging, and then the side of the phase change temperature control core material that has not been hot pressed is encapsulated using a double-sided tape with a thermal failure temperature of 110°C, so that the packaging film seals the phase change temperature control material core material to form a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer.

[0051] Preparation of metal layer: The metal thin plate infrared reflective screen is processed into a desired shape and size to form a metal layer.

[0052] Lightweight fire protection shield assembly: using SiO 2f / SiO 2 Screws and nuts made of ceramic matrix composites connect high infrared emissivity layers to rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer is assembled, and then rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer, the metal layer, the high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer and the bottom layer are assembled to form a lightweight fire protection shield.

[0053] Embodiment 3: like Figure 2 As shown, a lightweight fire protection shield comprises a shield body 1 and a handle 2. The shield body comprises a bottom layer 101, a temperature control component 102 arranged on the bottom layer, and a high infrared emissivity layer 103 arranged on the temperature control component. The temperature control component comprises a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer 121, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer 122 and sandwiched between rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The metal layer between the aerogel insulation layer and the high latent thermal gel heat absorption layer is 123, SiO 2f / SiO 2 Screws and nuts made of ceramic matrix composites connect the high infrared emissivity layer and the rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer, metal material screws and nuts are connected in sequence to rigid insulation tiles / SiO 2Aerogel heat insulation layer, metal layer, high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer and bottom layer, the metal layer is a metal sheet infrared reflection screen.

[0054] The thickness of the high infrared emissivity layer is 3 mm, rigid thermal insulation tile / SiO 2 The thickness of the aerogel insulation layer is 5 mm, the thickness of the metal layer is 2 mm, the thickness of the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer is 10 mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2 mm.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer includes a phase change temperature control material core 1221 and a packaging film 1222 arranged on both sides of the phase change temperature control material core. The phase change temperature control core is connected to a safety valve 1223, which is a high temperature resistant ceramic safety valve, and the packaging film is an aluminum-plastic film.

[0056] A method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight fire protection shield comprises the following steps: Preparation of high infrared emissivity layer: soaking the carbon fiber cloth stitched braid in acetone, then drying it in the sun for 2 hours, and drying it at 120°C for 5 hours to prepare a pretreated carbon fiber fabric body; adding boron phenolic resin to ethanol and stirring and mixing to prepare a phenolic resin solution (phenolic resin content is 15%), placing the pretreated carbon fiber fabric body in the phenolic resin solution for impregnation and compounding for 1 hour, evacuating to -0.09MPa, auxiliary vibration, the vibration frequency is 4000rad / min to prepare an impregnated composite body, placing the impregnated composite body in a curing furnace at 250°C for curing for 5 hours, and then placing the cured composite body in a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace at 1400°C for high-temperature pyrolysis for 3 hours to prepare a preform, and the preform is made into a C according to a desired shape. f / C composite material substrate; using vapor deposition method on C f Silicon carbide is deposited on the surface of the / C composite material substrate to form a high infrared emissivity layer, and the silicon carbide deposition thickness is 4nm.

[0057] Preparing the bottom layer: using an aramid fiber / epoxy resin composite material to prepare a bottom layer substrate, and processing the bottom layer substrate into a desired shape and size to prepare the bottom layer.

[0058] Preparation of ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile: fused quartz glass fiber, alumina fiber, yttria-stabilized zirconia fiber, water and suspension are mixed, and the fibers are evenly dispersed in deionized water using a high-speed shear mixer to obtain ceramic fiber slurry; the ceramic fiber slurry is injected into a mold to remove water, pressurized to form a wet blank, the wet blank is placed in a drying oven to dry to form a dry blank, and the dry blank is placed in a muffle furnace and pressurized to sinter to form ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile.

[0059] Preparation of rigid thermal insulation tile / SiO 2Aerogel insulation layer: orthosilicic acid water and anhydrous ethanol are mixed to form a mixed solution, hydrochloric acid is used to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 2 to 3, and stirred at room temperature, and then ammonia water is slowly added to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to neutral, and stirring is continued, and then an ammonium fluoride aqueous solution is added to form a silica sol; that is, the ceramic fiber rigid insulation tile is placed in a vacuum impregnation tank, and the silica sol is injected after vacuuming, and then pressurized to make the silica sol automatically gel. After the gel is aged for 24 hours, anhydrous ethanol is used to perform solvent replacement to remove water in the aerogel. After the solvent replacement is completed, the aerogel is placed in a carbon dioxide supercritical reactor and liquid carbon dioxide is added for supercritical drying to form a rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composite materials, rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 The aerogel composite material was placed in a vacuum tank to reduce the pressure, and methyltrimethoxysilane and glacial acetic acid were added and heated for gas phase hydrophobic treatment to obtain hydrophobic rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composite material, then hydrophobic rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel composites are processed into the required shape and size to make rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation.

[0060] Preparation of SiO 2 Hydrogel: Sodium silicate aqueous solution is mixed with hydrochloric acid to make SiO 2 Hydrogel.

[0061] Preparation of phase change temperature control material core material: ceramic fiber rigid insulation tile is placed in a vacuum impregnation tank and injected with SiO 2 After the hydrogel is injected, it is left to stand to form the core material of the phase change temperature control material.

[0062] Preparation of a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer: The packaging film is encapsulated on the side of the phase change temperature control material core and hot-pressed to seal the phase change temperature control material core to form a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer, and then the high-temperature resistant ceramic safety valve is connected to the phase change temperature control material core to allow the water vapor after the hydrogel gasification to enter the high-temperature resistant ceramic safety valve, and the starting pressure of the high-temperature resistant ceramic safety valve is set to 10 kPa.

[0063] Preparation of metal layer: The metal thin plate infrared reflective screen is processed into a desired shape and size to form a metal layer.

[0064] Lightweight fire protection shield assembly: using SiO 2f / SiO 2 Screws and nuts made of ceramic matrix composites connect high infrared emissivity layers to rigid thermal insulation tiles / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer is assembled, and then rigid insulation tile / SiO 2The aerogel insulation layer, the metal layer, the high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer and the bottom layer are assembled to form a lightweight fire protection shield.

[0065] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the lightweight fire protection shield in Comparative Example 1 does not use rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 Aerogel insulation layer and high latent thermal water gel absorption layer; other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the lightweight fire shield in Comparative Example 2 does not use a high-latency hot water gel heat absorption layer; the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 3, the lightweight fire shield in Comparative Example 3 does not use a high infrared emissivity layer; the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0068] Test example 1: The performance of the lightweight fire shields prepared in Examples 1 to 3 above was tested, and the test items included specific gravity, impact strength, fire rating, and temperature control performance of the fire shields; The test method for impact strength is as follows: prepare a drop hammer impact tester with reference to GB 11548-89 Test method for impact resistance of rigid plastic sheets (drop hammer method). The equipment includes a drop hammer with adjustable height and a fixed sample holder. Set the weight and drop height of the hammer as needed to ensure that the applied impact energy meets the standard requirements; place the sample on the holder to ensure that it is fixed; then release the drop hammer to allow it to fall freely to impact the sample, record the form of sample failure (such as fracture, crack, etc.), and measure the impact energy required for the sample to fracture.

[0069] The test method for fire protection grade is: test and rate the fire protection grade of materials according to the relevant test methods of national standard GB 8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products".

[0070] The test method for specific gravity is: use an accurate electronic balance to measure the mass (m) of the sample, record the value, use the water displacement method to measure the volume: prepare a measuring cylinder or water tank of known volume, record the initial water level (V1), immerse the fire shield sample completely in water, make sure there are no bubbles attached to the surface of the sample, record the new water level after immersion (V2), calculate the volume: V = V2-V1, use the following formula to calculate the specific gravity (density): specific gravity (ρ) = m / V; The test results of specific gravity, impact strength and fire rating are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1 Performance of lightweight fire shield <![CDATA[Specific gravity (g / cm 3 )]]> Impact strength(J) Fire rating Example 1 0.57 570 A Example 2 0.64 515 A Example 3 0.60 550 A As shown in Table 1, the specific gravity of the lightweight fire shields prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention is 0.57 to 0.64 g / cm 3 , the impact strength is 510-570J, and the fire rating is A. The above results show that the fire shield provided by the present invention has the characteristics of high impact strength, light weight and high fire rating.

[0072] Test example 2: The temperature control performance of the lightweight fire shields prepared in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 3 was tested, and the temperature control performance included: the heating rate of the inner side of the fire shield, the temperature of the space inside the fire shield, and the temperature control time of the fire shield; The test method of temperature control performance is as follows: test in a simulated fire environment, the simulated fire environment uses a 10㎡ enclosed space, the fire shield is placed in the simulated fire environment, an open flame heating source is set in front of the fire shield, and the distance between the open flame heating source and the fire shield is 3m; test the heating rate inside the fire shield, the temperature of the space inside the fire shield, and the temperature control time of the fire shield respectively; The test results of the temperature control performance of the fire shield are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 2 Fire shield temperature control performance As shown in Table 2, in Comparative Example 1, no lightweight fire shield was set and no rigid insulation tile / SiO 2 The aerogel insulation layer and the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer, by testing the heating rate of the inner side of the fire shield and the temperature of the inner space of the fire shield of comparative example 1 and embodiment 1, it was found that the heating rate of the inner space of the fire shield and the temperature of the inner space of the fire shield of comparative example 1 were significantly higher than those of embodiment 1.

[0074] In Comparative Example 2, no high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer is used. By testing the heating rate of the inner side of the fire shield and the temperature of the inner space of the fire shield of Comparative Example 2 and Example 1, it is found that the heating rate of the inner space of the fire shield of Comparative Example 2 is not significantly different from that of Example 1, and the heating rate is significantly reduced compared with Comparative Example 1, but the temperature of the inner space of the fire shield of Comparative Example 2 is significantly higher than that of Example 1.

[0075] The fire shield in Comparative Example 3 is not provided with a high infrared emissivity layer. By testing the heating rate of the inner side of the fire shield of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 and the temperature of the space inside the fire shield, it is found that the heating rate of the fire shield of Comparative Example 3 is significantly higher than that of Example 1, and there is no significant difference in the temperature of the space inside the fire shield between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1, but the temperature control time of the space inside the fire shield of Comparative Example 3 is significantly lower than that of Example 1.

[0076] The above results show that the high infrared emissivity layer of the fireproof shield of the present application can significantly reduce the impact of the infrared radiation source on the shield, and can significantly improve the temperature control time of the fireproof shield. 2 The aerogel insulation layer can further reduce the impact of radiation sources passing through the high infrared emissivity layer on the shield, significantly reduce the temperature inside the shield, and further extend the temperature control time of the fireproof shield. The high latent thermal gel heat absorption layer as the temperature control body can not only control the temperature of the shield itself and reduce the temperature inside the shield, but also continuously control the temperature of the hot air in the space inside the shield, which can significantly improve the operator's experience and extend the operator's protection time.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight fire protection shield, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shield body (1), the shield body comprising a bottom layer (101), a temperature control component (102) arranged on the bottom layer, and a high infrared emissivity layer (103) arranged on the temperature control component, the temperature control component comprising a rigid heat insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel insulation layer (121), a high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer (122), and a metal layer (123) sandwiched between the rigid heat insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel insulation layer and the high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer.

2. The lightweight fire protection shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high latent thermal water gel heat absorption layer comprises a phase change temperature control material core (1221) and a packaging film (1222) arranged on the surface of the high latent thermal water gel phase change temperature control material core.

3. The lightweight fire protection shield according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The packaging film is an aluminum-plastic film or a PET film.

4. The lightweight fire shield according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer is connected to a safety valve (1223).

5. The lightweight fire shield according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The safety valve is a high temperature resistant ceramic safety valve.

6. The lightweight fire protection shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the bottom layer is aramid / epoxy resin composite material.

7. The lightweight fire protection shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the high infrared emissivity layer is C f / C composites and silicon carbide.

8. The lightweight fire protection shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the metal layer is infrared emitting metal.

9. The lightweight fire shield according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: A handle (2) is also provided on the bottom layer.

10. A method for preparing a lightweight fire shield according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Made of carbon fiber fabric and phenolic resin f / C composite material substrate, and then depositing silicon carbide on the C f / C composite material substrate; aramid / epoxy resin composite material is used to make the bottom layer, rigid insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel insulation layer, metal layer and high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer are assembled into a temperature control component, and then the high infrared emissivity layer is assembled on the rigid insulation tile / SiO2 aerogel insulation layer, and finally the bottom layer is assembled on the high latent hot water gel heat absorption layer to form a lightweight fire protection shield.

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