Ecological environment-friendly artificial fish reef, preparation method and splicing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological environment-friendly artificial fish reef, a preparation method and a splicing method. The ecological environment-friendly artificial fish reef is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 800 to 1200 parts of cement base material, 800 to 1200 parts of fine aggregate, 0.5 to 150 parts of additive, 0.5 to 5 parts of fiber, 100 to 800 parts of environment-friendly admixture, 0.5 to 15 parts of bacillus, 1 to 30 parts of carbon source, 1 to 15 parts of calcium source, 1 to 15 parts of nitrogen source and 400 to 700 parts of water. According to the invention, wastes and natural renewable resources are fully utilized as raw materials of the artificial fish reef, and a microbial system is introduced to realize a reinforcing effect in the aspects of compression resistance and permeation resistance; a particle supporting 3D printing technology and an artificial laying method are combined, the artificial fish reefs which are provided with complex hollow structures and embedded with hanging ring ornaments are manufactured, stainless steel chains and spring buckles are used as connecting pieces, the artificial fish reefs capable of being spliced and stacked are connected with one another, and construction of the fish reef cluster is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine environmental protection and marine ranch construction, and more specifically, to an ecologically friendly artificial fish reef, a preparation method and a splicing method. Background Art

[0002] Artificial fish reefs are a new type of concrete product made using molds or 3D printing technology, which aims to improve the marine ecological environment and provide habitats for marine life. In view of the huge demand for artificial fish reefs, it has become a consensus among the government, the market and residents to select materials according to local conditions and use more waste, renewable and natural environmentally friendly materials while ensuring quality. Existing artificial fish reefs have problems such as unstable mechanical properties, weak biological adhesion, insufficiently complex hollow structures, poor resistance to seawater corrosion, inability to be recycled and repeatedly placed, and low regularity of fish reef groups. These problems can be effectively solved by the implementation of the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide an ecological and environmentally friendly artificial fish reef, a preparation method and a splicing method.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An eco-friendly artificial fish reef comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of a cement base material, 800-1200 parts of fine aggregate, 0.5-150 parts of an admixture, 0.5-5 parts of fiber, 100-800 parts of an environmentally friendly admixture, 0.5-15 parts of bacillus, 1-30 parts of a carbon source, 1-15 parts of a calcium source, 1-15 parts of a nitrogen source, and 400-700 parts of water.

[0006] Optionally, the cement base includes silicate cement and / or ferroaluminate cement.

[0007] Optionally, the fine aggregate includes river sand and / or machine-made sand.

[0008] Optionally, the fibers include waste chemical fibers; the waste chemical fibers include at least one of waste short-cut polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and polyamide fibers.

[0009] Optionally, the admixture includes at least one of a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent and a retarder.

[0010] Optionally, the water reducing agent includes at least one of lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate and polycarboxylate.

[0011] Optionally, the air entraining agent includes at least one of rosin resin, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0012] Optionally, the retarder includes at least one of borate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and starch.

[0013] Optionally, the environmentally friendly admixture includes shell powder or oyster powder, fly ash, slag, gypsum, diatomaceous earth and wood ash.

[0014] Optionally, in the eco-friendly artificial fish reef, the weight proportion of the shell powder or oyster powder is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the fly ash is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the slag is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the gypsum is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the diatomaceous earth is 1-30 parts, and the weight proportion of the wood ash is 1-10 parts.

[0015] Optionally, the calcium source includes calcium lactate and / or calcium alginate.

[0016] Optionally, the carbon source includes cellulose and / or starch.

[0017] Optionally, the nitrogen source includes urea and / or dry manure.

[0018] Optionally, the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.1 to 5.0 mm.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned eco-friendly artificial fish reef, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The bacillus, carbon source, calcium source and nitrogen source are mixed, and then cement base material, fine aggregate, admixture, fiber and environmentally friendly admixture are added and mixed to obtain concrete slurry;

[0021] The concrete slurry is extruded through a mixing head onto a platform supported by shell particles with a particle size of 5 to 50 mm, and stacked layer by layer according to the required design model. When 3D printing reaches a certain height, printing is paused and manual laying operations are started to expand the coverage area of ​​the structure and embed lifting rings at the edge. After printing is completed, a lifting ring is also embedded on the top of the 3D printed artificial fish reef for subsequent lifting and connection.

[0022] The present invention also discloses a method for making and splicing an eco-friendly artificial fish reef prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0023] After the 3D printed artificial fish reef is completely hardened, it needs to be carefully removed from the supporting particles and placed in plastic products for airtight maintenance;

[0024] The 3D printed artificial fish reefs are connected in series at a certain distance into a horizontal network using chains and spring buckles. When arranged vertically, the fish reefs can be flexibly spliced ​​together to construct a suitable fish reef group according to the flatness of the seabed terrain.

[0025] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention uses particle-supported 3D printing technology, and the raw material composition of concrete does not need to add additional early strength agent or sulfoaluminate cement to meet the needs of rapid hydration and coagulation. This not only saves raw material costs, but also effectively avoids the reduction of concrete performance and shrinkage cracking caused by premature coagulation and excessive hydration heat. By optimizing the formula and process, artificial fish reefs with improved performance do not need to be reinforced with steel bars, thereby effectively avoiding chloride ion corrosion in seawater and pollution of the ocean. At the same time, the construction, transportation and maintenance of fish reef groups are key links to ensure the healthy operation of marine ranches.

[0027] The present invention makes full use of wastes from mining, planting, aquaculture and manufacturing industries as well as natural renewable resources as raw materials for artificial fish reefs, and introduces a microbial system to achieve the reinforcement effect of concrete in terms of anti-compression and anti-penetration.

[0028] The present invention combines particle-supported 3D printing technology with a manual laying method to produce artificial fish reefs that have both a complex hollow structure and pre-embedded ring ornaments. Stainless steel chains and spring buckles are used as connectors to connect the above-made spliced ​​and stacked artificial fish reefs to each other, thereby realizing the construction of a fish reef group. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is the method for preparing the eco-friendly artificial fish reef of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is the splicing method of the eco-friendly artificial fish reef of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 The figure is a comparison chart of the compressive performance test of the artificial fish reef of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a comparison chart of the anti-penetration performance test of the artificial fish reef of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example.

[0033] Figure 5 The figure is a comparison chart of the biological attachment performance test of the artificial fish reefs of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way.

[0035] An eco-friendly artificial fish reef comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of a cement base material, 800-1200 parts of fine aggregate, 0.5-150 parts of an admixture, 0.5-5 parts of fiber, 100-800 parts of an environmentally friendly admixture, 0.5-15 parts of bacillus, 1-30 parts of a carbon source, 1-15 parts of a calcium source, 1-15 parts of a nitrogen source, and 400-700 parts of water.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the cement matrix includes silicate cement and / or ferroaluminate cement.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the fine aggregate includes river sand and / or manufactured sand.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the fibers include waste chemical fibers; the waste chemical fibers include at least one of waste short-cut polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and polyamide fibers.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the admixture includes at least one of a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent and a retarder.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the water reducing agent includes at least one of lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, and polycarboxylate.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the air entraining agent includes at least one of rosin resin, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the retarder includes at least one of borate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and starch.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the environmentally friendly admixture includes shell powder or oyster powder, fly ash, slag, gypsum, diatomaceous earth and wood ash; in the ecologically friendly artificial fish reef, the weight proportion of shell powder or oyster powder is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of fly ash is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of slag is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of gypsum is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of diatomaceous earth is 1-30 parts, and the weight proportion of wood ash is 1-10 parts.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the calcium source includes calcium lactate and / or calcium alginate;

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the carbon source includes cellulose and / or starch;

[0046] In one embodiment, the nitrogen source includes urea and / or dry manure.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.1-5.0 mm.

[0048] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing an eco-friendly artificial fish reef according to any embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Bacillus, carbon source, calcium source and nitrogen source are mixed, and then cement base, fine aggregate, admixture, fiber and environmentally friendly admixture are added to obtain concrete slurry; the concrete slurry is extruded through a mixing head onto a platform supported by shell particles with a particle size of 5 to 50 mm, and stacked layer by layer according to the required design model. When 3D printing reaches a certain height, the printing is paused and manual laying operations are started to expand the coverage area of ​​the structure, and a lifting ring is embedded at the edge; after printing is completed, a lifting ring is also embedded on the top of the 3D printed artificial fish reef for subsequent lifting and connection.

[0050] The present invention also discloses a method for making and splicing an eco-friendly artificial fish reef prepared by the preparation method of any embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps: after the 3D printed artificial fish reef is completely hardened, it needs to be carefully taken out from the supporting particles and put into a plastic product for closed maintenance; the 3D printed artificial fish reefs are connected in series at a certain distance into a horizontal network using chains and spring buckles. When arranged vertically, the fish reefs can be flexibly spliced ​​to construct a suitable fish reef group according to the flatness of the seabed terrain.

[0051] The following are specific embodiments

[0052] Example 1

[0053] The eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment includes the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of silicate cement, 1000 parts of river sand, 100 parts of admixture, 1 part of fiber, 500 parts of environmentally friendly admixture, 10 parts of Bacillus, 5 parts of carbon source, 10 parts of calcium source, 5 parts of nitrogen source, and 550 parts of water.

[0054] The preparation method of the eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the steps include: mixing the above components to obtain concrete slurry; extruding the concrete slurry through a mixing head into a platform supported by shell particles, and stacking layer by layer according to the required design model; when 3D printing reaches a certain height, pausing printing and starting manual laying operations to expand the coverage area of ​​the structure, and embedding a lifting ring at the edge; after printing is completed, a lifting ring is also embedded on the top of the 3D printed artificial fish reef for subsequent lifting and connection.

[0055] The method for making and splicing the eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the following steps are included: after the 3D printed artificial fish reefs are completely hardened, they need to be carefully removed from the supporting particles and put into plastic products for closed maintenance; chains and spring buckles are used to connect the 3D printed artificial fish reefs in series at a certain distance into a horizontal network. When arranging them vertically, the fish reefs can be flexibly spliced ​​to construct a suitable fish reef group according to the flatness of the seabed terrain.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no microbial system is added. The details are as follows:

[0058] The artificial fish reef of this comparative example includes the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of silicate cement, 1000 parts of river sand, 100 parts of admixture, 1 part of fiber, 500 parts of environmentally friendly admixture, and 500 parts of water.

[0059] Comparative Example 2

[0060] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no microbial system and environmentally friendly admixture are added. The details are as follows:

[0061] The artificial fish reef of this comparative example includes the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of silicate cement, 1000 parts of river sand, 100 parts of admixture, 1 part of fiber, and 450 parts of water.

[0062] Test Case

[0063] The artificial fish reefs obtained by the maintenance of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to performance evaluation and mechanical properties, anti-permeability and biological adhesion tests. The test results are shown in Figure 3-Figure 5 .

[0064] It can be seen from the above test results that compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, the artificial fish reef maintained in Example 1 has significantly excellent compressive strength, anti-permeability and biological adhesion, which shows that the optimized conditions in the example can overcome the shortcomings in the comparative example.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment includes the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of cement base material, 1000 parts of fine aggregate, 100 parts of admixture, 2 parts of fiber, 500 parts of environmentally friendly admixture, 5 parts of Bacillus, 5 parts of carbon source, 5 parts of calcium source, 5 parts of nitrogen source, and 550 parts of water.

[0067] The preparation method and splicing method of the eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1. The effect achieved by the eco-friendly artificial fish reef prepared in this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment includes the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of cement base material, 800 parts of fine aggregate, 100 parts of admixture (including sulphoaluminate), 1 part of fiber, 500 parts of environmentally friendly admixture, 10 parts of Bacillus, 5 parts of carbon source, 10 parts of calcium source, 5 parts of nitrogen source, and 500 parts of water.

[0070] The preparation method and splicing method of the eco-friendly artificial fish reef of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1. The effect achieved by the eco-friendly artificial fish reef prepared in this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0071] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An ecological and environmentally friendly artificial reef, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800-1200 parts of cement base material, 800-1200 parts of fine aggregate, 0.5-150 parts of admixture, 0.5-5 parts of fiber, 100-800 parts of environmentally friendly admixture, 0.5-15 parts of Bacillus, 1-30 parts of carbon source, 1-15 parts of calcium source, 1-15 parts of nitrogen source, and 400-700 parts of water.

2. The eco-friendly artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement base material includes silicate cement and / or ferroaluminate cement; The fine aggregate includes river sand and / or machine-made sand.

3. The eco-friendly artificial fish reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fibers include waste chemical fibers; the waste chemical fibers include at least one of waste short-cut polyester fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and polyamide fibers.

4. The eco-friendly artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The admixture includes at least one of a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent and a retarder.

5. The eco-friendly artificial reef according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water reducing agent includes at least one of lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate and polycarboxylate; The air entraining agent comprises at least one of rosin resin, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; The retarder includes at least one of borate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and starch.

6. The eco-friendly artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly admixtures include shell powder or oyster powder, fly ash, slag, gypsum, diatomaceous earth and plant ash; In the eco-friendly artificial fish reef, the weight proportion of the shell powder or oyster powder is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the fly ash is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the slag is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the gypsum is 1-30 parts, the weight proportion of the diatomaceous earth is 1-30 parts, and the weight proportion of the wood ash is 1-10 parts.

7. The eco-friendly artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium source includes calcium lactate and / or calcium alginate; The carbon source includes cellulose and / or starch; The nitrogen source includes urea and / or dry manure.

8. The eco-friendly artificial fish reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the fine aggregate is 0.1 to 5.0 mm.

9. A method for preparing an eco-friendly artificial fish reef as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The bacillus, carbon source, calcium source and nitrogen source are mixed, and then cement base material, fine aggregate, admixture, fiber and environmentally friendly admixture are added and mixed to obtain concrete slurry; The concrete slurry is extruded through a mixing head onto a platform supported by shell particles with a particle size of 5 to 50 mm, and stacked layer by layer according to the required design model. When 3D printing reaches a certain height, printing is paused and manual laying operations are started to expand the coverage area of ​​the structure and embed lifting rings at the edge. After printing is completed, a lifting ring is also embedded on the top of the 3D printed artificial fish reef for subsequent lifting and connection.

10. A method for making and splicing an eco-friendly artificial fish reef prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the 3D printed artificial fish reef is completely hardened, it needs to be carefully removed from the supporting particles and placed in plastic products for airtight maintenance; The 3D printed artificial fish reefs are connected in series at a certain distance into a horizontal network using chains and spring buckles. When arranged vertically, the fish reefs can be flexibly spliced ​​together to construct a suitable fish reef group according to the flatness of the seabed terrain.

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