Integrated forming method for ceramic hollow air inlet channel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic air inlet channels, in particular to an integral forming method of a ceramic hollow air inlet channel. The ceramic hollow air inlet channel comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of silicon nitride, 4-6 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-6 parts of filler, 2-4 parts of silicon dioxide, 2-4 parts of modified tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers, 2-4 parts of aluminum oxide and 1-3 parts of lanthanum oxide. The thermal expansion matching property of the basalt fiber and the silicon nitride is further optimized through coating of the silicon dioxide, the cracking phenomenon during high-temperature sintering is reduced, the effect of sharing an external load can be achieved by adding the aramid fiber and the polyimide and utilizing the high modulus characteristic of the aramid fiber and the polyimide, meanwhile, crack propagation can be inhibited by utilizing the elastic characteristic of polyurethane, and the thermal expansion performance of the basalt fiber is improved. The epoxy resin and graphene in the modified acrylate improve the crosslinking density and thermal conductivity of the filler, a multi-scale enhanced network is formed, and the strength performance of the ceramic hollow air inlet channel at high temperature is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic air intake ducts, and in particular to a method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air intake duct. Background Art

[0002] The ceramic hollow air intake duct is an air intake duct with a hollow structure made of special ceramic materials. It has the advantages of high strength, high temperature resistance, good thermal insulation and corrosion resistance, and can effectively transmit air when the engine is working.

[0003] In the prior art, when a ceramic hollow air intake duct is used in a high temperature environment, the high temperature will change the crystal structure of the ceramic material, thereby damaging the strength performance of the ceramic hollow air intake duct and making it easy to break and damage. Based on this, the present invention provides a method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air intake duct. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air inlet duct. The ceramic hollow air inlet duct prepared by the present invention not only has good strength performance, but also has excellent toughness, which effectively improves the performance of the ceramic hollow air inlet duct.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ceramic hollow air inlet, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 to 80 parts of silicon nitride, 4 to 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 to 6 parts of filler, 2 to 4 parts of silicon dioxide, 2 to 4 parts of modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers, 2 to 4 parts of aluminum oxide, and 1 to 3 parts of lanthanum oxide; The filler is composed of the following raw materials: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide, and the mass ratio of the modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide is 4:1: (0.2-0.4): (0.4-0.6): (0.4-0.6).

[0006] Furthermore, the modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: basalt fiber is selected as the base material, the basalt fiber is immersed in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and after cleaning, it is added to the vacuum chamber of the plasma treatment equipment, and an equal amount of nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is set to be introduced, the radio frequency power is 100-200W, and the treatment time is 3-5min. The obtained product is immersed in a silane coupling agent-KH560, and is allowed to stand for reaction at 50-60°C for 20-30min. The obtained product is added to a mixer, silicon dioxide is added to the mixer, and the mixer is set to 200-300r / min for stirring for 10-20min. The obtained product is added to an oven, set at 200-300°C for treatment for 20-30min, and the modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 30-40%, and the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent-KH560 is 1-3%.

[0008] Furthermore, the modified acrylate is prepared by the following method: acrylate is selected as the base material, acrylate and epoxy resin are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 120-160r / min and stirred for 6-10min, then bismaleimide, alumina, graphene and polyurethane prepolymer are added, the mixer is set to 300-400r / min and stirred for 10-20min, the obtained product is added to an ultrasonic disperser, the power is set to 1000-2000W, the processing time is 4-6min, and the obtained product is subjected to ultraviolet curing to obtain modified acrylate.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass of the epoxy resin is 20-30% of the mass of the acrylate, the mass of the graphene is 4-6% of the mass of the acrylate, and the mass of the polyurethane prepolymer is 4-6% of the mass of the acrylate.

[0010] Furthermore, the filler is prepared by the following method: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylic ester, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 300-400r / min and stirred for 20-30min, the obtained product is sent to a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 8-12℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 400-500℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-30min. The obtained product is ground and the ground particle size is 40-60μm to obtain a filler.

[0011] Furthermore, the modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is prepared by the following method: four-needle zinc oxide whisker is selected as the base material, the four-needle zinc oxide whisker and the mixed material are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 200-300r / min for stirring for 10-20min, the obtained product is sent to a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 10-20℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 500-600℃, and the temperature is kept for 10-20min, the obtained product is ground, the ground particle size is 40-60μm, and the modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the mixture is prepared by mixing tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol, the mass ratio of the tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol is 1: (0.1-0.3): (0.6-0.8), and the mass concentration of ammonia water is 20-30%.

[0013] Furthermore, the aluminum oxide is selected to have a nanoparticle size of 20 to 40 nm.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air inlet duct, comprising the following steps: S1: Mixing treatment: weigh silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, filler, modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker and lanthanum oxide as needed and add them into a mixer. The mixer is set at 600-800 r / min and stirred for 20-30 minutes to obtain a powder; S2: ball milling treatment, the powder and water are added to a ball mill for wet ball milling treatment for 4 to 6 hours to obtain a slurry, the slurry is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent to an oven, the oven is set at 60 to 80°C, and dried for 1 to 3 hours to obtain a mud material; S3: Sintering treatment: the clay is made into a hollow embryo through a mold, the hollow embryo is sent to a bisque firing furnace, set at 400-800°C for pre-firing treatment for 1-3 hours, and then sent to a kiln, set at 1200-1600°C for sintering treatment for 1-3 hours to obtain a ceramic hollow air inlet duct.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the surface activity of basalt fiber is improved after modification, and the interfacial bonding force with the ceramic base material (silicon nitride) is enhanced. The coating of silicon dioxide further optimizes the thermal expansion matching of basalt fiber and silicon nitride, and reduces the cracking phenomenon during high-temperature sintering. By adding aramid fiber and polyimide, their high modulus characteristics can be utilized to share the external load. At the same time, the elastic characteristics of polyurethane can be utilized to inhibit crack propagation. The epoxy resin and graphene in the modified acrylate improve the crosslinking density and thermal conductivity of the filler, forming a multi-scale reinforcement network, which effectively improves the strength performance of the ceramic hollow air intake at high temperature.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the four-needle zinc oxide whiskers utilize their unique three-dimensional needle-like structure to form an interlocking network structure in the ceramic material, limit the slippage of the matrix particles, and improve the overall rigidity of the material. By high-temperature treatment of a mixture of tin powder, ammonia water, and ethanol, a tin oxide coating can be generated on the surface of the four-needle zinc oxide whiskers, thereby improving their compatibility with the ceramic matrix. During the high-temperature sintering process, the modified four-needle zinc oxide whiskers form a strong chemical bonding interface with the ceramic matrix, further improving the creep resistance of the ceramic hollow air inlet duct at high temperatures and ensuring the structural stability of the ceramic hollow air inlet duct under extreme working conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that the raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available raw materials.

[0019] Embodiment 1: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of silicon nitride, 4 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 parts of filler, 2 parts of silicon dioxide, 2 parts of modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers, 2 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 part of lanthanum oxide; The filler is composed of the following raw materials: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide, and the mass ratio of the modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide is 4:1: (0.2): (0.4): (0.4).

[0020] The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: basalt fiber is selected as a base material, the basalt fiber is immersed in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and after cleaning, it is added to a vacuum chamber of a plasma treatment equipment, and an equal amount of nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is set to be introduced, the radio frequency power is 100W, and the treatment time is 3 minutes. The obtained product is immersed in a silane coupling agent-KH560, and is allowed to stand for reaction at 50°C for 20 minutes. The obtained product is added to a mixer, silicon dioxide is added to the mixer, and the mixer is set to 200r / min for stirring for 10 minutes. The obtained product is added to an oven, set at 200°C for treatment for 20 minutes, and the modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0021] The mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 30%, and the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent-KH560 is 1%.

[0022] The modified acrylate is prepared by the following method: acrylate is selected as the base material, acrylate and epoxy resin are added into a mixer, the mixer is set at 120r / min and stirred for 6 minutes, then bismaleimide, alumina, graphene and polyurethane prepolymer are added, the mixer is set at 300r / min and stirred for 10 minutes, the obtained product is added into an ultrasonic disperser, the power is set to 1000W, the processing time is 4 minutes, and the obtained product is subjected to ultraviolet curing to obtain the modified acrylate.

[0023] The mass of epoxy resin is 20% of the mass of acrylate, the mass of graphene is 4% of the mass of acrylate, and the mass of polyurethane prepolymer is 4% of the mass of acrylate.

[0024] The filler is prepared by the following method: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylic ester, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 300r / min and stirred for 20 minutes, the obtained product is sent to a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 8℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 400℃, and the temperature is kept for 20 minutes. The obtained product is ground and the grinding particle size is 40μm to obtain the filler.

[0025] The modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is prepared by the following method: four-needle zinc oxide whisker is selected as the base material, the four-needle zinc oxide whisker and the mixed material are added into a mixer, the mixer is set to 200r / min and stirred for 10 minutes, the obtained product is sent into a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 10℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 50℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes, the obtained product is ground, the grinding particle size is 40μm, and the modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is obtained.

[0026] The mixture is prepared by mixing tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol, the mass ratio of the tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol is 1: (0.1): (0.6), and the mass concentration of ammonia water is 20%.

[0027] Alumina is selected to have a nano-particle size of 20nm.

[0028] A method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air intake duct comprises the following steps: S1: Mixing treatment: weigh silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, filler, modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker and lanthanum oxide as needed and add them into a mixer. Set the mixer to 600 r / min and stir for 20 minutes to obtain powder; S2: ball milling treatment, the powder and water are added to a ball mill for wet ball milling treatment for 4 hours to obtain a slurry, the slurry is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent to an oven, the oven is set at 60°C, and dried for 1 hour to obtain a mud material; S3: Sintering treatment: the clay is made into a hollow embryo through a mold, the hollow embryo is sent to a bisque firing furnace, set to 400°C for pre-firing treatment for 1 hour, and then sent to a kiln, set to 1200°C for sintering treatment for 1 hour, to obtain a ceramic hollow air inlet duct.

[0029] Embodiment 2: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of silicon nitride, 5 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of filler, 3 parts of silicon dioxide, 3 parts of modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers, 3 parts of aluminum oxide and 2 parts of lanthanum oxide; The filler is composed of the following raw materials: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide, and the mass ratio of the modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide is 4:1: (0.3): (0.5): (0.5).

[0030] The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: basalt fiber is selected as a base material, the basalt fiber is immersed in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and after cleaning, it is added to a vacuum chamber of a plasma treatment equipment, and an equal amount of nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is set to be introduced, the radio frequency power is 150W, and the treatment time is 4 minutes. The obtained product is immersed in a silane coupling agent-KH560, and is allowed to stand and react at 55°C for 25 minutes. The obtained product is added to a mixer, silicon dioxide is added to the mixer, and the mixer is set to 250r / min for stirring for 15 minutes. The obtained product is added to an oven, set at 250°C for treatment for 25 minutes to obtain the modified basalt fiber.

[0031] The mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 35%, and the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent-KH560 is 2%.

[0032] The modified acrylate is prepared by the following method: acrylate is selected as the base material, acrylate and epoxy resin are added into a mixer, the mixer is set at 140r / min and stirred for 8 minutes, then bismaleimide, alumina, graphene and polyurethane prepolymer are added, the mixer is set at 350r / min and stirred for 15 minutes, the obtained product is added into an ultrasonic disperser, the power is set to 1500W, the processing time is 5 minutes, and the obtained product is subjected to ultraviolet curing to obtain the modified acrylate.

[0033] The mass of epoxy resin is 25% of the mass of acrylate, the mass of graphene is 5% of the mass of acrylate, and the mass of polyurethane prepolymer is 5% of the mass of acrylate.

[0034] The filler is prepared by the following method: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylic ester, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 350r / min and stirred for 25 minutes, the obtained product is sent to a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 10℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 450℃, and the temperature is kept for 25 minutes. The obtained product is ground and the ground particle size is 50μm to obtain the filler.

[0035] The modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is prepared by the following method: four-needle zinc oxide whisker is selected as the base material, the four-needle zinc oxide whisker and the mixed material are added into a mixer, the mixer is set to 250r / min and stirred for 15 minutes, the obtained product is sent into a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 15℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 550℃, and the temperature is kept for 15 minutes, the obtained product is ground, the grinding particle size is 50μm, and the modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is obtained.

[0036] The mixture is prepared by mixing tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol, the mass ratio of the tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol is 1: (0.2): (0.7), and the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 25%.

[0037] Alumina is selected to have nanoparticle size, and the particle size is 30nm.

[0038] A method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air intake duct comprises the following steps: S1: Mixing treatment: weigh silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, filler, modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker and lanthanum oxide as needed and add them into a mixer. Set the mixer to 700 r / min and stir for 25 min to obtain powder; S2: ball milling treatment, the powder and water are added to a ball mill for wet ball milling treatment for 5 hours to obtain a slurry, the slurry is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent to an oven at 70°C, and dried for 2 hours to obtain a mud material; S3: Sintering treatment: the clay is made into a hollow embryo through a mold, the hollow embryo is sent to a bisque firing furnace, set to 600°C for pre-firing treatment for 2 hours, and then sent to a kiln, set to 1400°C for sintering treatment for 2 hours, to obtain a ceramic hollow air inlet duct. Embodiment three: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of silicon nitride, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of filler, 4 parts of silicon dioxide, 4 parts of modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers, 4 parts of aluminum oxide and 3 parts of lanthanum oxide; The filler is composed of the following raw materials: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide, and the mass ratio of the modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide is 4:1: (0.4): (0.6): (0.6).

[0039] The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: basalt fiber is selected as a base material, the basalt fiber is immersed in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and after cleaning, it is added to a vacuum chamber of a plasma treatment equipment, and an equal amount of nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is set to be introduced, the radio frequency power is 200W, and the treatment time is 5 minutes. The obtained product is immersed in a silane coupling agent-KH560, and is allowed to stand for reaction at 60°C for 30 minutes. The obtained product is added to a mixer, silicon dioxide is added to the mixer, and the mixer is set to 300r / min for stirring for 20 minutes. The obtained product is added to an oven, set at 300°C for treatment for 30 minutes, and the modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0040] The mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 40%, and the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent-KH560 is 3%.

[0041] The modified acrylate is prepared by the following method: acrylate is selected as the base material, acrylate and epoxy resin are added into a mixer, the mixer is set to 160r / min and stirred for 10 minutes, then bismaleimide, alumina, graphene and polyurethane prepolymer are added, the mixer is set to 400r / min and stirred for 20 minutes, the obtained product is added into an ultrasonic disperser, the power is set to 2000W, the processing time is 6 minutes, and the obtained product is subjected to ultraviolet curing to obtain the modified acrylate.

[0042] The mass of epoxy resin is 30% of the mass of acrylate, the mass of graphene is 6% of the mass of acrylate, and the mass of polyurethane prepolymer is 6% of the mass of acrylate.

[0043] The filler is prepared by the following method: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylic ester, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 400r / min and stirred for 30 minutes, the obtained product is sent to a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 12℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 500℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 minutes, the obtained product is ground, the grinding particle size is 60μm, and the filler is obtained.

[0044] The modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is prepared by the following method: four-needle zinc oxide whisker is selected as the base material, the four-needle zinc oxide whisker and the mixed material are added into a mixer, the mixer is set to 300r / min and stirred for 20 minutes, the obtained product is sent into a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 20℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 600℃, and the temperature is kept for 20 minutes, the obtained product is ground, the grinding particle size is 60μm, and the modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is obtained.

[0045] The mixture is prepared by mixing tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol, the mass ratio of the tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol is 1: (0.3): (0.8), and the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 30%.

[0046] Alumina is selected to have nanoparticle size, and the particle size is 40nm.

[0047] A method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air intake duct comprises the following steps: S1: Mixing treatment: weigh silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, filler, modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker and lanthanum oxide as needed and add them into a mixer. The mixer is set to 800 r / min and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a powder; S2: ball milling treatment, the powder and water are added to a ball mill for wet ball milling treatment for 6 hours to obtain a slurry, the slurry is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent to an oven, the oven is set at 80°C, and dried for 3 hours to obtain a mud material; S3: Sintering treatment: the clay is made into a hollow embryo through a mold, the hollow embryo is sent to a bisque firing furnace, set to 800°C for pre-firing treatment for 3 hours, and then sent to a kiln, set to 1600°C for sintering treatment for 3 hours, to obtain a ceramic hollow air inlet duct.

[0048] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in this comparative example, an equal amount of basalt fiber is used to replace the filler.

[0049] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in this comparative example, an equal amount of tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers is used to replace the modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers.

[0050] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain modified four-needle zinc oxide whiskers.

[0051] Comparative Example 4: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain filler. Performance test: The ceramic hollow air inlet prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the obtained test data are recorded in the following table:

[0052] In the performance test, the ceramic hollow air inlet ducts prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 were heated to 450° C. and then subjected to strength performance testing using the testing method in ASTM C368-2016.

[0053] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in the table, it can be seen that the ceramic hollow air inlet prepared by the present invention not only has good strength performance, but also has excellent toughness. This shows that the ceramic hollow air inlet integrated molding method provided by the present invention has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for promotion.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A ceramic hollow air inlet, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 to 80 parts of silicon nitride, 4 to 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 to 6 parts of fillers, 2 to 4 parts of silicon dioxide, 2 to 4 parts of modified four-needle zinc oxide whiskers, 2 to 4 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 to 3 parts of lanthanum oxide; The filler is composed of the following raw materials: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide, and the mass ratio of the modified basalt fiber, modified acrylate, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide is 4:1: (0.2-0.4): (0.4-0.6): (0.4-0.6).

2. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: basalt fiber is selected as a base material, the basalt fiber is immersed in an ethanol solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and after cleaning, the basalt fiber is added to a vacuum chamber of a plasma treatment device, and an equal amount of nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas is set to be introduced, the radio frequency power is 100-200W, and the treatment time is 3-5min. The obtained product is immersed in a silane coupling agent-KH560, and is allowed to stand for reaction at 50-60°C for 20-30min. The obtained product is added to a mixer, silicon dioxide is added to the mixer, and the mixer is set to 200-300r / min for stirring for 10-20min. The obtained product is added to an oven, and is set to 200-300°C for treatment for 20-30min to obtain the modified basalt fiber.

3. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 30-40%, and the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent-KH560 is 1-3%.

4. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified acrylate is prepared by the following method: acrylate is selected as a base material, acrylate and epoxy resin are added into a mixer, the mixer is set at 120-160 r / min and stirred for 6-10 min, then bismaleimide, alumina, graphene and polyurethane prepolymer are added, the mixer is set at 300-400 r / min and stirred for 10-20 min, the obtained product is added into an ultrasonic disperser, the power is set at 1000-2000 W, the processing time is 4-6 min, and the obtained product is subjected to ultraviolet curing to obtain the modified acrylate.

5. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass of the epoxy resin is 20-30% of the mass of the acrylate, the mass of the graphene is 4-6% of the mass of the acrylate, and the mass of the polyurethane prepolymer is 4-6% of the mass of the acrylate.

6. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler is prepared by the following method: modified basalt fiber, modified acrylic ester, aramid fiber, polyurethane and polyimide are added into a mixer, the mixer is set at 300-400 r / min for stirring for 20-30 min, the obtained product is sent into a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set at 8-12°C / min, the temperature is raised to 400-500°C, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 min, the obtained product is ground, the grinding particle size is 40-60 μm, and the filler is prepared.

7. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is prepared by the following method: four-needle zinc oxide whisker is selected as a base material, the four-needle zinc oxide whisker and a mixed material are added into a mixer, the mixer is set to 200-300 r / min for stirring for 10-20 min, the obtained product is sent into a muffle furnace, the heating rate is set to 10-20° C. / min, the temperature is raised to 500-600° C., and the temperature is kept for 10-20 min, the obtained product is ground, the ground particle size is 40-60 μm, and the modified four-needle zinc oxide whisker is obtained.

8. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixture is prepared by mixing tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol. The mass ratio of the tin powder, ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol is 1: (0.1-0.3): (0.6-0.8), and the mass concentration of ammonia water is 20-30%.

9. The ceramic hollow air inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum oxide is selected to have a nano-particle size of 20 to 40 nm.

10. A method for integrally forming a ceramic hollow air inlet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Mixing treatment: weigh silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, filler, modified tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker and lanthanum oxide as needed and add them into a mixer. The mixer is set at 600-800 r / min and stirred for 20-30 minutes to obtain a powder; S2: ball milling treatment, the powder and water are added to a ball mill for wet ball milling treatment for 4 to 6 hours to obtain a slurry, the slurry is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent to an oven, the oven is set at 60 to 80°C, and dried for 1 to 3 hours to obtain a mud material; S3: Sintering treatment: the clay is made into a hollow embryo through a mold, the hollow embryo is sent to a bisque firing furnace, set at 400-800°C for pre-firing treatment for 1-3 hours, and then sent to a kiln, set at 1200-1600°C for sintering treatment for 1-3 hours to obtain a ceramic hollow air inlet duct.

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