Ship docking device

Abstract

The application discloses a ship berthing device. The device comprises a support seat installed on a wharf, a guide rail installed on the front of the support seat, at least one stabilizing mechanism installed on the guide rail, and an adsorbing mechanism installed on both ends of the stabilizing mechanism. The adsorbing mechanism comprises a fixed plate and a connecting plate, a buffer platform and a main adsorbing plate are sequentially arranged on the connecting plate, a hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically hinged on both ends of the fixed plate, a reset plate is hinged on the hydraulic cylinder, and a buffer platform and an auxiliary adsorbing plate are arranged on the reset plate. The stabilizing mechanism comprises a balance plate rotatably connected to a stabilizing frame, a hydraulic damper, a reset spring and a groove connecting rod, the open end of the groove connecting rod is rotatably connected to the balance plate in the stabilizing frame, the closed end of the groove connecting rod is connected to the stabilizing frame, a groove is formed in the bottom of the stabilizing frame, and a gear is arranged above the groove. The ship berthing device provided by the application has the effects of high reliability and stability, uniform adsorbing force distribution and strong self-adaptive adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to marine engineering, and more particularly to a ship berthing device. Background Technology

[0002] When a vessel is berthed, it must be secured to the dock or port facilities to prevent it from drifting due to tides, wind, or other external forces. This is typically achieved using cables. However, during berthing, adverse weather conditions such as tides, strong winds, and swells can significantly impact a vessel's berthing stability. In complex environments, vessels are susceptible to irregular lateral swaying, drifting, or positional displacement due to external forces, increasing the likelihood of collisions with the dock or other vessels.

[0003] To improve the safety and accuracy of ship berthing, some novel magnetic berthing devices have emerged. For example, CN118360906B discloses a ship auxiliary berthing device for rough sea conditions. As the ship approaches the port, a detection rod slides on a mounting frame, and adsorption plates move along the first guide rail of the frame, with multiple adsorption plates moving away from each other to increase the stability of the adsorption plates adsorbing the ship. As the ship approaches the port, it compresses the adsorption plates, causing multiple plates to swing simultaneously on the mounting frame, deflecting them parallel to the ship's outer wall. As the ship further approaches the shore, multiple adsorption plates come into contact with the ship's outer wall. At this point, the electromagnetic blocks on the adsorption plates are energized, stabilizing the ship under the action of magnetic force and improving the stability of the ship's berthing.

[0004] In actual berthing, relying solely on the oscillation of the front adsorption plate is not very effective in improving stability under complex sea conditions. Furthermore, the adsorption area does not increase after the adsorption plate unfolds along the guide rail. In adverse conditions, when a ship approaches the dock at a certain angle, one end of the stern or bow will be closer to the dock, while the other end will deviate from it. However, existing technology cannot adequately adapt to the angular deviation formed by the ship in the horizontal direction, lacks dynamic adjustment capabilities, and still suffers from insufficient adaptability to dynamic environments and uneven distribution of adsorption force, thus affecting the reliability and stability of berthing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a ship berthing device with high reliability and stability, uniform adsorption force distribution, and strong adaptive adjustability.

[0006] Technical solution: The ship berthing device of the present invention includes a support base installed on the dock, a guide rail installed on the front of the support base, at least one stabilizing mechanism installed on the guide rail, and adsorption mechanisms installed at both ends of the stabilizing mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a fixed plate and a connecting plate connected by a first hydraulic cylinder. A buffer platform and a main adsorption plate are sequentially provided on the connecting plate. A plurality of electromagnetic blocks are provided on the main adsorption plate. A plurality of fixing rods are provided between the main adsorption plate and the connecting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder, which forms a stable triangle with the first hydraulic cylinder via a connecting rod. The other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to a reset plate. A buffer platform and an auxiliary adsorption plate are sequentially provided on the reset plate. Several electromagnetic blocks are provided on the auxiliary adsorption plate. Several fixing rods are provided between the auxiliary adsorption plate and the reset plate.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing rod consists of a cylinder and a frustum above it.

[0010] Preferably, the frustum is located inside the buffer platform, the cylinder is located below the buffer platform, the outer surface of the cylinder is wrapped with a spring, and there is a gap between the buffer platform and the frustum that allows the buffer platform to tilt in all directions.

[0011] Preferably, the reset plate has a groove on the side near the main adsorption plate.

[0012] Preferably, the stabilizing mechanism includes a balance plate rotatably connected to the stabilizing frame, a hydraulic damper and a grooved connecting rod installed inside the stabilizing frame, the hydraulic damper, the return spring, and the open end of the grooved connecting rod being rotatably connected to the balance plate inside the stabilizing frame, the closed end of the grooved connecting rod being connected to the stabilizing frame, a groove being provided at the bottom of the stabilizing frame, and a gear being provided above the groove.

[0013] Preferably, the guide rail includes a guide rail plate and a buffer connecting plate that are connected to each other. The guide rail plate is provided with a rack, and the buffer connecting plate is connected to the support base by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, there are gaps between the buffer connecting plate and the support base, and between the buffer connecting plate and the bolt.

[0015] Preferably, the support base is provided with anti-collision blocks.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0017] (1) The device automatically adjusts itself according to the relative angle and position of the ship and the dock through the adsorption mechanism, which can effectively solve the problem of unstable adsorption of existing berthing devices under harsh conditions and enhance the overall adsorption effect.

[0018] (2) The extendable adsorption mechanism in the device, through the combined action of the main adsorption plate and the auxiliary adsorption plate, can cope with the problem of uneven adsorption force distribution caused by angle deviation during the berthing of the stern or bow, so as to make the adsorption force distribution more uniform.

[0019] (3) The device adopts a structure of a frustum-shaped fixed rod and a spring, which can not only realize the flexible swing of the adsorption plate and improve the adhesion between the adsorption plate and the ship, but also effectively buffer the impact force when the ship comes into contact with the dock during berthing, and prevent damage to the ship or dock facilities due to excessive impact force.

[0020] (4) The design of the stabilizing mechanism in the device enables it to have an adaptive balance and reset effect. It can also respond quickly to the movement of the ship when the ship is tilted and berthed. It does not require the ship to be completely parallel to the dock, effectively reducing the danger of tilted berthing, maintaining the balance and stability of the adsorption system, reducing the ship's own adjustment time, increasing the ship's berthing speed, and having an auxiliary berthing effect.

[0021] (5) In the adsorption mechanism of the device, the reset plate is hinged to the second hydraulic cylinder. After the ship leaves the berth, the second hydraulic cylinder retracts and reaches a certain position. The first hydraulic cylinder moves forward to achieve the subsequent reset effect. The reset plates on both sides move towards the middle until they contact each other, so that the auxiliary adsorption plate returns to the initial position so that it can be used again when berthing next time. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the berthing device described in this invention when a ship is berthed;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the main adsorption plate and the buffer platform;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the working state of the stabilization mechanism and the adsorption mechanism;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reset plate;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a grooved connecting rod;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a balance plate.

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the stabilizer;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the ship berthing device of the present invention includes a support base 1 installed on the dock, a guide rail 2 installed on the front of the support base 1, two stabilizing mechanisms 3 connected on the guide rail 2, and adsorption mechanisms 4 installed at both ends of the stabilizing mechanisms 3 respectively.

[0035] like Figure 3-4 , Figure 11 As shown, the adsorption mechanism 4 includes a fixed plate 41 and a connecting plate 42 connected by a first hydraulic cylinder 43. A buffer platform 44 and a main adsorption plate 45 are sequentially arranged on the connecting plate 42. Several electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the main adsorption plate 45. Several fixing rods 46 are arranged between the main adsorption plate 45 and the connecting plate 42. Second hydraulic cylinders 47 are symmetrically hinged to both ends of the fixed plate 41. The middle of the second hydraulic cylinder 47 is hinged to the middle of the first hydraulic cylinder 43 via a connecting rod 48. A reset plate 49 is hinged to the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder 47. A buffer platform 44 and an auxiliary adsorption plate 410 are sequentially arranged on the reset plate 49. Several electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the auxiliary adsorption plate 410. Several fixing rods 46 are arranged between the auxiliary adsorption plate 410 and the reset plate 49.

[0036] Each hydraulic cylinder is connected to the same oil supply tank, which contains an oil pump that supplies hydraulic oil to each hydraulic cylinder.

[0037] The upper end of the fixed rod 46 is a frustum and the lower end is a cylinder. The frustum is inside the buffer platform 44, and the cylinder is located below the buffer platform 44. There is a certain gap between the buffer platform 44 and the frustum of the fixed rod 46 so that the buffer platform 44 can tilt in all directions. Multiple buffer platforms can adjust their own angles to reduce the risk of impact when the ship's sidewalls come into contact with each other, thereby achieving the effect of buffer self-adjustment.

[0038] The fixed rod is designed with a truncated cone at the top, primarily to improve cushioning, enhance self-adaptability, and reduce wear. When subjected to external forces, the fixed rod can better disperse and absorb impact. The truncated cone design allows the fixed rod to slide along its surface under load, thus reducing direct impact. Furthermore, the fixed rod, in conjunction with a spring, further enhances the cushioning effect. Guided by the fixed rod, the spring distributes force more evenly, reducing damage to ships and dock facilities. Figure 3 In this design, a certain gap is intentionally left between the buffer platform and the fixed rod when designing the fixed rod, so that the adsorption plate can tilt in multiple directions to adapt to different angles and positions of the ship during berthing. This allows the fixed rod to better adapt to the movement of the ship and improve the stability and safety of berthing.

[0039] like Figure 7As shown, the reset plate 49 is a horizontal T-shape with a shorter upper end and a longer lower end. A groove is provided in the middle of the side of the plate close to the main adsorption plate 45. This groove can accommodate the groove for wrapping the outer shell of the first hydraulic cylinder 43, the second hydraulic cylinder 47 and the connecting rod 48, so that the reset plate 49 will not collide with the connecting plate 42, the hydraulic cylinder and the connecting rod during operation.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 8-10 As shown, the stabilizing mechanism 3 includes a balance plate 31 rotatably connected to the stabilizing frame 32. A hydraulic damper and a grooved connecting rod are installed inside the stabilizing frame. The open ends of the hydraulic damper 33, the return spring 35, and the grooved connecting rod 36 are respectively hinged to the balance plate 31 inside the stabilizing frame. The closed end of the grooved connecting rod 36 is connected to the stabilizing frame 32 through a limiting rod. The protruding part on the left side of the lower end of the grooved connecting rod 36 is connected to the return spring 35. A groove is provided at the bottom of the stabilizing frame 32, and a gear 34 is provided above the groove.

[0041] The stabilizing mechanism 3 also includes a motor 37, which is installed on the left side of the stabilizing frame 32 to provide power to the gear 34, thereby enabling the stabilizing mechanism 3 to move up and down on the guide rail 2.

[0042] The main function of the return spring is to improve the stability of berthing when a ship tilts and berths under adverse conditions, giving it better dynamic adjustment capabilities, allowing the adsorption plate to make better contact with the ship's surface, improving the stability of adsorption, and enabling it to automatically reset after the ship leaves the berth for convenient use next time.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the guide rail 2 includes a guide rail plate 21 and a buffer connecting plate 22. The guide rail plate 21 is provided with a rack 25. The buffer connecting plate 22 is connected to the support base 1 by bolts 23. The bolts 23 are wrapped by springs 24. There is a certain gap between the buffer assembly formed by the connection of the guide rail plate 21 and the buffer connecting plate 22 and the support base 1. There is also a certain gap between the buffer connecting plate 22 and the bolts 23. After the buffer assembly is squeezed by the ship, it can tilt upward or downward at a certain angle.

[0044] Anti-collision blocks 5 are provided at the four corners of the support base 1 to improve the safety of docking.

[0045] Two stabilizing mechanisms 3 are installed on the guide rail plate 21, which can adjust the position of the adsorption plate according to the size of the ship or the water surface draft, making the adsorption more stable. Through the meshing of gear 34 and rack 25, the two stabilizing mechanisms 3 can move up and down on the guide rail plate, improving the accuracy of transmission.

[0046] The working principle of this device is as follows:

[0047] When a ship needs to berth, the two stabilizing mechanisms move up and down on the guide rails according to the ship's size and draft, adjusting the position of the adsorption plate. When the ship berths at a certain angle, the hull is not parallel to the dock, and the sidewall of the hull contacts the main adsorption plate. The main adsorption plate is then energized, and the first hydraulic cylinder moves to drive the connecting rod, unfolding the adsorption mechanism. The ship continues to berth and press against the main adsorption plate until the first hydraulic cylinder stops retracting and self-locks, at which point the adsorption mechanism is fully unfolded. Simultaneously, the second hydraulic cylinder extends, driving the reset plate to move diagonally upwards and to both sides until the auxiliary adsorption plate contacts the ship's surface. The second hydraulic cylinder also self-locks, and the heights of the first and second hydraulic cylinders are roughly the same. At this point, the auxiliary adsorption plate is energized, achieving the adsorption effect between the ship and the electromagnetic block.

[0048] Simultaneously, the balance plate rotates within a certain range. When the ship berths at a certain angle and contacts the main adsorption plate, the stabilizing mechanism also tilts at a certain angle. When the ship presses against the main adsorption plate in one side of the adsorption mechanism, the balance plate rotates. The hydraulic damper installed on the stabilizing mechanism acts as a buffer, preventing the balance plate from violently colliding with the stabilizing frame and damaging the berthing device. At this time, the return spring on the other side is in a balanced state. When the balance plate tilts to the left, the lower end of the U-shaped groove in the closed end of the grooved connecting rod contacts the limiting rod on the stabilizing frame, and the return spring is in a stretched state. When the balance plate tilts to the right, the balance plate presses the lower groove of the open end of the grooved connecting rod, causing the grooved connecting rod to move downward, driving the lower end of the return spring to stretch until the upper end of the closed end of the grooved connecting rod contacts the limiting rod. When the balance plate tilts, it fits against the upper surface of the stabilizing frame, completing the angle limitation of the balance plate. The return spring is always in a stretched state when the balance plate is tilted. The dynamic adjustment function of the balance plate, hydraulic damper, and return spring can quickly respond to the movement of the ship and maintain the balance and stability of the adsorption system. When the adsorption mechanism fully adsorbs the sidewall of the ship, the hydraulic damper and the return spring reset themselves and adjust, reducing the tilt angle of the ship when berthing.

[0049] After the guide rail plate and the buffer connecting plate are squeezed by the ship, the gap between the buffer assembly and the support seat allows the buffer assembly to have a certain amount of room to move, so that it can flexibly cope with external forces from different directions, not just the vertical direction. At the same time, it improves the adaptability of the guide rail. The guide rail is equipped with multiple springs, which has a better buffering effect than the existing technology. Especially under harsh conditions, it can effectively avoid the risk of the ship detaching.

[0050] After the vessel departs from its berth, the first hydraulic cylinder returns to its initial position, while the second hydraulic cylinder retracts to its initial length. The two reset plates then contact each other below the connecting plate, achieving a reset effect for continued use during the next berthing. Because the reset plates have grooves on their sides near the first hydraulic cylinder, the two reset plates can contact each other during reset without colliding with the connecting plate or the hydraulic cylinder.

Claims

1. A ship docking device comprising a support seat (1) to be installed on a quay, the support seat (1) being installed with a front guide rail (2), characterized in that, The guide rail (2) is provided with at least one stabilizing mechanism (3), and the stabilizing mechanism (3) is provided with an adsorbing mechanism (4) at each end. The adsorbing mechanism (4) comprises a fixed plate (41) and a connecting plate (42) connected by a first hydraulic cylinder (43). The connecting plate (42) is sequentially provided with a buffer platform (44) and a main adsorbing plate (45). The main adsorbing plate (45) is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic blocks. A plurality of fixed rods (46) are arranged between the main adsorbing plate (45) and the connecting plate (42). The adsorbing mechanism (4) comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (47). The second hydraulic cylinder (47) and the first hydraulic cylinder (43) form a stable triangle through a connecting rod (48). One end of the second hydraulic cylinder (47) is rotatably connected to the fixed plate (41). The other end of the second hydraulic cylinder (47) is rotatably connected to a reset plate (49). The reset plate (49) is sequentially provided with a buffer platform (44) and an auxiliary adsorbing plate (410). The auxiliary adsorbing plate (410) is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic blocks. A plurality of fixed rods (46) are arranged between the auxiliary adsorbing plate (410) and the reset plate (49). The fixed rod (46) is composed of a cylinder and a circular table above the cylinder. The circular table is arranged inside the buffer platform (44). The cylinder is arranged below the buffer platform (44). The outer surface of the cylinder is wrapped with a spring. There is a gap between the buffer platform (44) and the circular table, which can make the buffer platform (44) tilt in all directions. The stabilizing mechanism (3) comprises a balance plate (31) rotatably connected to a stabilizing frame (32). The stabilizing frame (32) is provided with a hydraulic damper (33) and a recessed link (36). The opening ends of the hydraulic damper (33), a reset spring (35) and the recessed link (36) are rotatably connected to the balance plate (31) inside the stabilizing frame. The closed end of the recessed link (36) is connected to the stabilizing frame (32). The bottom of the stabilizing frame (32) is provided with a recess. The recess is provided with a gear (34) above.

2. A vessel docking arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that, The reset plate (49) is provided with a recess on the side close to the main adsorbing plate (45).

3. A vessel docking arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that, There is a gap between the buffer connecting plate (22) and the support seat (1), and between the buffer connecting plate (22) and the bolt (23).

4. A vessel docking arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that, The support seat (1) is provided with an anti-collision block (5).

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